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The Colonial Period The Colonial Period

The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

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Page 1: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

The Colonial PeriodThe Colonial Period

Page 2: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Jamestown_2007_07_03.jpg
Page 3: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted
Page 4: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all-powerful had become an accepted part of the

English system

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Magna_Carta.jpg
Page 5: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Magna CartaMagna Carta

The Great Charter, King John forced to sign in 1215. This document established the principle

of limited government

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Joao_sem_terra_assina_carta_Magna.jpg
Page 6: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Limited government- the power of the monarch or government was

limited, not absolute

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Runnymede-meadow-eghamend.jpg
Page 7: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

The Magna Carta provided protection The Magna Carta provided protection against unjust punishment and the loss of against unjust punishment and the loss of life, liberty, and property except according life, liberty, and property except according

to the law.to the law.

Page 8: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

King John agreed that certain taxes could not be levied without popular consent.

Page 9: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

1215 1620 1628 1636 1639 1688 1690

POLITICAL DOCUMENTS AFFECTING LIFE IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES

The Magna Carta: power of the king

limited

Page 10: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

In 1625 Charles I takes the throne as King of England..

Page 11: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

He dismisses Parliament, lodged troops in private homes, and placed some areas

under martial law.

Page 12: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

In 1628 Parliament representatives force the In 1628 Parliament representatives force the king to sign the Petition of Right, severely limiting king to sign the Petition of Right, severely limiting

the king’s powerthe king’s power

Page 13: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

No longer could the English monarch No longer could the English monarch collect taxes without Parliament’s consent, collect taxes without Parliament’s consent, imprison people without just cause, house imprison people without just cause, house

troops in private homes without the troops in private homes without the permission of the owner, or declare martial permission of the owner, or declare martial

law unless the country was at warlaw unless the country was at war

Page 14: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

1215 1620 1628 1636 1639 1688 1690

POLITICAL DOCUMENTS AFFECTING LIFE IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES

The Magna Carta: power of the king

limited

The Petition of Right: Monarch could not

collect taxes without Parliament’s consent

Page 15: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

1688 Parliament removed James II from the throne and crowned William III and Mary II. This

peaceful removal of power was called the Glorious Revolution.

Page 16: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Parliament passed the English Bill of Rights Parliament passed the English Bill of Rights

Page 17: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Five Key Ideas of Five Key Ideas of the English Bill of the English Bill of

RightsRights

Page 18: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

#1 Monarchs do not have a divine right to rule. (They rule with the consent of the people’s

representatives in Parliament)

“God and my right”

Page 19: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

#2 The monarch must have Parliament’s consent to suspend laws, levy taxes, or maintain an army

Page 20: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

#3 The monarch cannot interfere with parliamentary elections and debates.

Page 21: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

#4 The people have a right to petition the #4 The people have a right to petition the government and have a fair and speedy trial by a government and have a fair and speedy trial by a

jury of their peers.jury of their peers.

Page 22: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

#5 The people should not 5 The people should not be subject to cruel and be subject to cruel and unusual punishments or unusual punishments or to excessive fines and to excessive fines and

bail.bail.

Page 23: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

A major cause of the American Revolution was A major cause of the American Revolution was that the colonists felt they were being deprived of that the colonists felt they were being deprived of

these basic rights.these basic rights.

Page 24: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted
Page 25: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted
Page 26: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted
Page 27: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

1215 1620 1628 1636 1639 1688 1690

POLITICAL DOCUMENTS AFFECTING LIFE IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES

The Magna Carta: power of the king

limited

The Petition of Right: Monarch could not

collect taxes without Parliament’s consent

English Bill of Rights: Monarch has no

“divine right” to rule; document set limits on what a ruler could and

could not do

Page 28: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Limited Government Representative Government

Definition Definition

The power of the ruler or government is limited, not all-powerful

How idea was put into practice How idea was put into practice

The people or their representatives in Parliament had to approve taxes; the ruler could not interfere with Parliament; the accused people had the right to a trial by jury; the people could not be subjected to cruel or unusual punishment

TWO IDEAS ABOUT GOVERNMENT FROM AMERICA’S ENGLISH HERITAGE

Page 29: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

The Ideas of John Locke

Page 30: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Two Treatises on Two Treatises on Government Government published published

in 1690. in 1690.

His work is widely read His work is widely read and discussed in both and discussed in both Europe and America.Europe and America.

Page 31: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Locke’s ideas regarded as political truth.

Page 32: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Locke’s ideas have been called the “textbook of Locke’s ideas have been called the “textbook of the American Revolution”the American Revolution”

Page 33: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Locke reasoned that all people were born free, Locke reasoned that all people were born free, equal, and independent.equal, and independent.

Page 34: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Locke believed that people possessed natural Locke believed that people possessed natural rights to life, liberty, and property at the time rights to life, liberty, and property at the time

they lived in a state of nature, before they lived in a state of nature, before governments were formed.governments were formed.

Page 35: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

People contracted among themselves to form governments to protect their natural rights

Page 36: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Locke argued that if a government failed to Locke argued that if a government failed to protect these natural rights, the people could protect these natural rights, the people could

change that government.change that government.

Page 37: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Locke’s ideas were revolutionary in an age when Locke’s ideas were revolutionary in an age when monarchs still claimed they had God-given monarchs still claimed they had God-given

absolute powers.absolute powers.

Page 38: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Locke denied that people were born with an Locke denied that people were born with an obligation to obey their rulersobligation to obey their rulers

Page 39: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Essentially government is legitimate only as long Essentially government is legitimate only as long as people continue to consent to itas people continue to consent to it

Page 40: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Both the Declaration of Both the Declaration of Independence and the Independence and the Constitution, written Constitution, written

nearly a century after nearly a century after Locke lived, reflected Locke lived, reflected Locke’s revolutionary Locke’s revolutionary

ideasideas

Page 41: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

1215 1620 1628 1636 1639 1688 1690

POLITICAL DOCUMENTS AFFECTING LIFE IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES

The Magna Carta: power of the king

limited

The Petition of Right: Monarch could not

collect taxes without Parliament’s consent

English Bill of Rights: Monarch has no

“divine right” to rule; document set limits on what a ruler could and

could not do

Two Treatises on Government (John Locke): all people born free, equal, and independent; had right to life, liberty, and

property; could form governments to protect their

rights

Page 42: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Government in the Colonies

Page 43: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted
Page 44: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Written ConstitutionsWritten Constitutions

Mayflower Compact-Pilgrims Mayflower Compact-Pilgrims signed in 1620 stands as the signed in 1620 stands as the

first example of many colonial first example of many colonial plans for self-governing.plans for self-governing.

Page 45: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted
Page 46: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

1215 1620 1628 1636 1639 1688 1690

POLITICAL DOCUMENTS AFFECTING LIFE IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES

The Magna Carta: power of the king

limited

The Mayflower Compact: colonists choose leaders and

wrote rules to govern themselves

The Petition of Right: Monarch could not

collect taxes without Parliament’s consent

English Bill of Rights: Monarch has no

“divine right” to rule; document set limits on what a ruler could and

could not do

Two Treatises on Government (John Locke): all people born free, equal, and independent; had right to life, liberty, and

property; could form governments to protect their

rights

Page 47: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Great Fundamentals- the Great Fundamentals- the first basic system of laws first basic system of laws in the English Coloniesin the English Colonies

Page 48: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

1215 1620 1628 1636 1639 1688 1690

POLITICAL DOCUMENTS AFFECTING LIFE IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES

The Magna Carta: power of the king

limited

The Mayflower Compact: colonists choose leaders and

wrote rules to govern themselves

The Petition of Right: Monarch could not

collect taxes without Parliament’s consent

The Great Fundamentals (Massachusetts constitution): established comprehensive system of laws for colony

English Bill of Rights: Monarch has no

“divine right” to rule; document set limits on what a ruler could and

could not do

Two Treatises on Government (John Locke): all people born free, equal, and independent; had right to life, liberty, and

property; could form governments to protect their

rights

Page 49: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut-first formal Fundamental Orders of Connecticut-first formal constitution or charter drawn up on American soilconstitution or charter drawn up on American soil

Page 50: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

1215 1620 1628 1636 1639 1688 1690

POLITICAL DOCUMENTS AFFECTING LIFE IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES

The Magna Carta: power of the king

limited

The Mayflower Compact: colonists choose leaders and

wrote rules to govern themselves

The Petition of Right: Monarch could not

collect taxes without Parliament’s consent

The Great Fundamentals (Massachusetts constitution): established comprehensive system of laws for colony

Fundamental Orders (Connecticut): People had the right to elect the governor, judges,

and representatives to make laws

English Bill of Rights: Monarch has no

“divine right” to rule; document set limits on what a ruler could and

could not do

Two Treatises on Government (John Locke): all people born free, equal, and independent; had right to life, liberty, and

property; could form governments to protect their

rights

Page 51: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Soon after, other Soon after, other colonies began colonies began

drawing up their own drawing up their own charterscharters

Page 52: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Colonial LegislaturesColonial Legislatures

Page 53: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Representative government was an established Representative government was an established tradition in America well before the colonists tradition in America well before the colonists

declared their independence in 1776.declared their independence in 1776.

Page 54: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Separation of Powers-the division of power Separation of Powers-the division of power between the branches of governmentbetween the branches of government

Page 55: The Colonial Period. By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all- powerful had become an accepted

Limited Government Representative Government

Definition Definition

The power of the ruler or government is limited, not all-powerful

The people elect delegates to make laws and conduct government.

How idea was put into practice How idea was put into practice

The people or their representatives in Parliament had to approve taxes; the ruler could not interfere with Parliament; the accused people had the right to a trial by jury; the people could not be subjected to cruel or unusual punishment

Based on John Locke’s ideas that the people possessed natural rights, that they could form a government to protect their rights, that they were not born with an obligation to obey rulers, and that government was legitimate only as long as the people continued to consent to it, the people formed a government with a Parliament that could make and pass laws the ruler had to recognize.

TWO IDEAS ABOUT GOVERNMENT FROM AMERICA’S ENGLISH HERITAGE


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