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The Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI). Presented to: APEC Aviation Emissions Task Force Singapore By: Kurt Edwards Senior International Advisor Office of Environment and Energy Date:September 15, 2009. Aviation Environmental Drivers. GLOBAL CLIMATE. NOISE. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Federal AviationAdministrationThe Commercial
Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
(CAAFI)Presented to: APEC Aviation Emissions Task Force
Singapore
By: Kurt EdwardsSenior International AdvisorOffice of Environment and Energy
Date: September 15, 2009
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
2Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
• Aviation impacts community noise footprints, air quality, water quality, energy usage and availability, and the global climate.
• Trends show environmental impacts from aircraft noise and aviation emissions will be a critical constraint on capacity growth.
• Fundamental changes ongoing from economic downturn, fuel costs, and financial turmoil.
The challenge is to ensure energy availability and affordability and reducing aviation’s environmental footprint, even with projected aviation growth
NOISENOISE AIR QUALITYAIR QUALITY WATER QUALITYWATER QUALITY ENERGYENERGY GLOBAL CLIMATEGLOBAL CLIMATE
Aviation Environmental Drivers
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
3Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
NextGen VisionProvide environmental protection that allows sustained aviation growth
Key Initiatives:
• Continued Local Mitigation• Better Scientific Understanding• Accelerate Operational Changes• Mature New Aircraft Technology• Develop Alternative Fuels• Policy Options
Tackling Aviation Environmental Challenges
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
4Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
w/ operational improvements
1.00
1.50
growth w/ currently available solutions
w/ technology improvements
2005 2015 2025
(Relative CO2 increase)
carbon neutral growth
w/ alternate fuels
Market-based measures?
Possible standards?
U.S. Strategy to Reduce Aviation’s Carbon Footprint
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
5Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
• A consortium of government agencies, airlines, manufacturers, airports, and current and prospective fuel suppliers
• Foster the development and deployment of alternative jet fuels
• Share Information and Coordinate research and development of alternative jet fuels, including technical specifications, environmental assessment, production and distribution
• To enhance energy security, aviation economics and environment
The Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuel Initiative (CAAFI)
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
6Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
Members
Sponsors
FAA
ATA
AIA ACI
Aerospace Industries Association
Aircraft Engine OEMs
Aircraft OEMs
Aircraft Equip Cos
DOCDOEUSDA
USAF
USNDARPA
US Army
DESC
NISTNASA Oil
Companies
Energy Companies
ASTM
CRC
Bio-Fuels Companies
Airports Council International – North America
Federal Aviation Administration
Air Transport Association
UK MoD
Bauhaus
NRC Canada
ANP Brazil
UniversitiesThink Tanks
Consultants
Who is CAAFI?
Airlines
ALPA
Air Cargo
Airport Operators
NetJetsIATA
ICAO
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
7Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
Assess Impact
R&D Panel
Environmental PanelCertification-Qualification Panel
Generate Ideas/Solutions
Enable Supply
Generate Demand &
Target Funding
Business & Economics Panel
CAAFI Structure and Strategy
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
8Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
ASTM Approval of Generic 50/50
Fischer-Tropsch Blend
2008 2009 2010 20122011 2013
Hydrogenated Renewable Jet
(HRJ) 50% Blend ASTM Approval
Hydrogenated Renewable Jet
(HRJ) 100% Fuel ASTM Approval
Hydrogenated Renewable Jet (HRJ)
Fuel Evaluation
Fuel Certification Timeline
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
9Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
R&D: Feedstocks Roadmap
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
10Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
• Successful ANZ Flight Demo Date: December 30 2008
Feedstock: Jatropha oil
Feedstock: Jatropha and algal oil
• Successful CO Flight Demo Date: Jan. 7 2009
Feedstock: Camelina, Jatropha and algal oil
• Successful JAL Flight Demo Date: Jan. 30 2009
Three Successful HRJ Biojet Flight Programs
* Graphics Courtesy J. Holmgren, UOP
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
11Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
Need to determine “well-to-wake” life-cycle emissions
Environment: Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)
Bio feedstock
Fossil feedstock
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
12Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
Source: GIACC/4 (2009). Subject to modification.
• Assessed fuel usage projections - 2050 usage.
• Assessed land requirements to replace conventional jet fuel with 50/50 biofuel blend and 100% biofuel.
Need feedstocks with high yield and low life cycle emissions that do not require arable land.
Environment: Land Requirement for 2050 Aviation Biofuels
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
13Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
Airlines & Operators
Alt Fuel Producers
Potential Funding Sources
A2BE Carbon CaptureAdv Bio-Energy Tech’sAgromass BiofuelsAir BPAmyris BiotechBaard EnergyChevronConocoPhillipsNeste Oil
SASOLShellSolazymeSolArcPetroSASyntroleumUOP
ATAALPAAlaskaAmericanContinentalDeltaFedExAirbusBoeing
GE PWJetBlueNetJetsNorthwestSouthwestStar AllianceUnitedUS AirwaysUPS
Morgan StanleyOPIS (Oil Pricing)Solarc (Taxes)
Colonial Pipeline Magellan PipelineKinder Morgan
Business: Facilitating a Future Market
Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative
14Federal AviationAdministrationSeptember 15, 2009
• Aviation dependent on hydrocarbon based liquid fuels
• Concentrated Airport Distribution allows rapid
deployment (e.g., 80% of fuel in 35 locations in U.S.)
• Timely Fuel Certification crucial for market
• Establishing GHG LCA crucial for decisions (policy and
investment)
• Alternative fuels are technically feasible but need to get
to deployment
• CAAFI helping to bring these pieces together
• Global harmonization key
Closing Thoughts