The Development of the Middle Colonies of North AmericaNew York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania

New Netherland• In 1621 the Dutch founded

a colony just south of New England and called it New Netherland.

• The capital was a port city at the mouth of the Hudson River called New Amsterdam.

• The colony emphasized its fur trade, but most people migrated there for its religious and ethnic tolerance.

The English Take Over New Netherland

• The English viewed New Netherland as a wedge separating its northern and southern colonies.

• In 1664, King Charles the II granted the Duke of York to drive out the Dutch, which he did without firing a shot.

• The Duke of York named it New York.

• He gave a southern portion to his friends and they named it New Jersey.

The Quakers Settle Pennsylvania• To pay a debt, King Charles II

gave William Penn a large amount of property that he called Pennsylvania or “Penn’s Woods”.

• Penn then acquired land from the Duke of York, which he named Delaware in 1682.

• Penn was his colony as a “holy experiment” where Quakers could live keeping with their ideals of fairness and peace.

• He established the “City of Brotherly Love”, or Philadelphia.

• Pennsylvania had friendly relations with Natives.