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The Effects of Bisindolymaleimide on Long Term Memory in Gryllus Bimaculatus. Manhasset Science Research Paris Thatos. Need. Long-term trend in drug-related deaths. Percentage of People Experiencing a Mental Disorder in their Lives. Fig 1. Shows trend in drug related deaths. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Effects of Bisindolymaleimide on Long
Term Memory in Gryllus Bimaculatus
Manhasset Science Research
Paris Thatos
NeedLong-term trend in drug-related deaths
(Gotz, 2004)
Percentage of People Experiencing a Mental Disorder in their Lives
(Gallaher, 2007)
Fig 1. Shows trend in drug related deaths. Fig 2. A graph showing % of people experiencing mental disorders
Long Term Potentiation
(Kanehisa, 1999)Fig. 3 The Process of Long Term Potentiation
The complex chemical processes that form long-term memories (Cook, 2006)
PKC (Protein Kinase C)
Has many isoforms (PKMzeta,PKMa)(Abel, 2004)
Fig 4. Process of PKC interaction in Long term Potentiation
Olfactory Memory Capacity of the Cricket Gryllus Bimaculatus
Yukihisa Matsumoto, Biology Letters
Yukihisa Matsumoto
Fig 5. Olfactory Preferences of crickets trained to associate Scent A with water reward and Scent B with saline punishment
Place Memory in Crickets
Jan Wessnitzer, Biology Letters
Fig 6. Mean time (seconds) taken for cricket to find cool spot
Wessnitzer, 2008
Bisindolylmaleimide is a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of PKC
Dominique Toullec, The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Toullec, 2005
Fig 7. The concentrations of PKC when exposed to Bisindolylmaleimide, and the concentrations of a PKC isotype
The levels of PKC and PKAThe levels of PKC and PKA
Formation of Long-term Olfactory Memory in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus Makoto Mizunami,
2005, Chem. Senses
Makoto, 2006
Fig 8. A diagram of the head of the cricket. Brain (In blue) is where PKC is believed to be contained in.
Purpose/Hypothesis The purpose of this experiment is to see
whether Bisindolymaleide disrupts long term memories in Gryllus Bimaculatus when treated with it pre- and post- conditioning
H(a) - It is hypothesized that with all administeringings of Bisindolymaleide, the number of retained associations will be significantly lower, and it will take more time to complete the heat maze
Crickets (Gryllus Bimaculatus) n=120
Statistically analyzed with a one-way ANOVA (to find statistic significance) followed by a Scheffe post-hoc test (p<0.05)
Trained to associate one scent with reward and one scent with
punishmentAlso, trained to run heat maze
Control group n=30Reward/Punishment for scent test is water/saline solutionGiven water after each heat maze run
Variable group n=30Reward/Punishment for scent test is water/saline solution (+)Given water after each heat maze run
Variable group n=30Reward/Punishment for scent test is water/saline solutionGiven Water (+5M)after each heat maze run
Variable group n=30Reward/Punishment for scent test is water/saline solution (+5M), Given Water (+5M)after each heat maze run
Time spent on each scent is recorded for all groups, and time spent finding cool spot in heat maze also recorded
Protocol Gryllus Bimaclatus scent conditioning Obtaining specific concentration of Bisindolylmaleimide Exposure to scents to test whether negative or positive
connotations were preserved Recording of time spent on top of each conditioned scent Gryllus Bimaculatus Heat Maze training Recording of time spent for each heat maze run
Scent Conditioning Scent Testing
(Matsumoto, 2006)
BudgetVendor Catalog # page/website Description Quantity Unit $ Total $
EMDbiosciences 203290http://www.emdbiosciences.com Bisindolylmaleimide 1 $40.00 $40.00
Carolina 143550 http://carolina.com/ Crickets (Living Adults) 1 $6.75 $6.75
Carolina 143565 http://carolina.com/ House Cricket Food 2 $6.25 $12.50
Carolina 695145 http://carolina.com/ Sense of Smell Kit 1 $49.25 $49.25
Carolina 199606 http://carolina.com/ Plastic Syringe 1 $3.85 $3.85
Carolina 198697 http://carolina.com/ Distilled Water 1 $6.75 $6.75
Carolina 721207 http://carolina.com/ Pyrex Beaker 100ml 4 $3.65 $14.60
Walmart - http://walmart.com/ Plastic Bin 5 $10 $50
Walmart - http://walmart.com/ Electrical Skillet 1 $80 $80
Empire Metal - - Brass Cylinder 1 - -
Home Depot - Rubber Tubing 1 $7 $7
Home Depot - - Hose Section 1 $10 $10
$280.70 Total
Do-ability Materials already stocked in lab:Plastic SyringeWaterSodium ChloridePyrex Beaker
Materials not stocked can be obtained, and protocols are straightforward, and not particularly complex
Bibliography Olton, D.S., & Samuelson, R.J. (1976). Remembrance of places passed: Spatial memory in
rats. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 2, 97-116. Ling D, Benardo L, Serrano P, Blace N, Kelly M, Crary J, Sacktor T (2002). "Protein
kinase Mzeta is necessary and sufficient for LTP maintenance". Nat. Neurosci. 5 (4): 295-6. Serrano P, Yao Y, Sacktor T (2005). "Persistent phosphorylation by protein kinase Mzeta
maintains late-phase long-term potentiation". J Neurosci 25 (8): 1979-84. Pastalkova E, Serrano P, Pinkhasova D, Wallace E, Fenton A, Sacktor T (2006). "
Storage of spatial information by the maintenance mechanism of LTP". Science 313 (5790): 1141-4
Cooke SF, Bliss TV (2006). "Plasticity in the human central nervous system". Brain 129 (Pt 7): 1659-73
Boron, Walter F. (2005). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach. Elsevier/Saunder
Clugnet, MC; LeDoux JE (01 Aug 1990). "Synaptic plasticity in fear conditioning circuits: induction of LTP in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala by stimulation of the medial geniculate body." (PDF). J Neurosci 10 (8): 2818-24.
Sweatt J (1999). "Toward a molecular explanation for long-term potentiation". Learn Mem 6 (5): 399-416.
Toullec, Bisindolylmaleimide is a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of PKC, Biology Letters, p15711 – 15781
Olfactory Memory Capacity of the Cricket Gryllus Bimaculatus, Matsumoto, Biology Letters, volume 4, p608 - 610
Jan Wessnitzer, Place Memory in Crickets, Biology Letters, Volume 275, January 2008, pg 915 - 921