The European Peninsula

“Great Circle Route”

European Physical Geography

Peninsulas:1. Balkan - Peloponnese2. Italian - Calabria3. Iberian4. Brittany5. Jutland6. Scandinavia

Island Nations:1. Greenland2. Iceland3. Ireland 4. Great Britain5. Malta6. Cyprus

Water Bodies:1. Bay of Biscay2. North Sea3. Baltic Sea4. Norwegian Sea5. White Sea6. Mediterranean Sea - Adriatic Sea - Tyrrhenian - Ionian - Aegean7. Black Sea - Sea of Marmara

Peninsulas:7. Crimea8. Asia Minor

Water Bodies:8. Caspian Sea

Climates of Europe

Major Climate Regions•Marine West Coast

•Humid Continental

•Mediterranean

•Tundra and ice

•Semiarid/Steppe

•Highland/Alpine

Ocean Currents – Gyres

Terrestrial Environments

• Northwestern Highlands

• North European Plain

• Central or Hercynian Uplands

• Alpine and Mediterranean South

• Fenno-Scandinavian (Baltic) Shield– Fjords of Norway

• Scottish Highlands– Ben Nevis –

1,343 m– Loch Ness

• Pennines• Cambrian Plateau• Plateau of Brittany

Northwestern Highlands

Northern European

Plain

• Massif Central• Jura• Ardennes• Hartz Mountains• Bohemian

Uplands• Sudeten

Mountains

Central / Hercynian Uplands

• Alps – Mt. Blanc (15,781 ft. /

4,810 m) – highest in Western

Europe & the EU• Appennines• Pyrenees• Cantabrian Mountains • Sierra Nevada• Carpathians

– Transylvanian Alps• Balkan Mountains• Dinaric Alps • Caucasus Mountains

– Mt. Elbrus (18,510 ft. / 5,642 m)

– highest in Europe

Alpine and Mediterranean South

DISTRIBUTION OF EARTHQUAKES & VOLCANOES

The Ring of Fire

WORLD TECTONIC PLATES

Europe’s Major Rivers

Environmental Problems

• Deforestation– Classical Civilizations of Mediterranean– Medieval Europe

• Draining of Wetlands– Zuider Zee– Fens

• Pollution from Industrialization– Air - Water - Acid Rain

• Cleanup