The Imperatives of ICT Policy Using Innovation and Local Content for Sustainable Development

P r e s e n t e d a t

e-NIGERIA 20134 t h D e c e m b e r , 2 0 1 3

reachaoh@yahoo.co.uk, 08034241874

Local Content in ICT Development in Nigeria: The

Journey so Far

Dr. (Mrs.) Wunmi Hassan, PhDPresident/CEO

High Tech Centre for Nigerian Women and Youths

Outline of Presentation

Preamble Policy Essentials Innovation Concepts Why Innovation? Foresight process: Way Forward Concluding Remarks About Us

Statement of Commitment

“We are going to run our economy based on Science and Technology….because there is no where in this World now that you can move your economy without science and technology. For the next 4 years we will emphasize so much on S&T because we have no choice, without that we are just dreaming….”

Dr. Goodluck Ebele Jonathan, GCFR

President, Federal Republic of Nigeria In Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, 2011

This National ICT Policy aims to produce a framework that will enhance the ability of the ICT sector to propel the socio-economic development which is critical to Nigeria’s vision of becoming a top 20 economy by the year 2020. Concurrently, the policy document will be used to develop action plans, sub-sectoral policies and specific implementation strategies.

Nigeria New ICT Policy 2012

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Preamble Vision

o Nigeria as a knowledge-based and globally competitive society.

Missiono To fully integrate Information and Communication

Technologies into the socioeconomic development of Nigeria, in order to transform Nigeria into a knowledge-based economy.

New ICT Policy, 2012

“The increasing globalization driven by ICT makes it imperative for Nigeria as an emerging market to irreversibly consider the

application and promotion of ICT strategy to facilitate its rapid growth and development. This will involve the development of a vibrant ICT sector to drive and expand the national production

frontiers in agriculture, manufacturing and service sectors. It would also require the application of new knowledge to drive other soft

sectors: governance, entertainments, public services, media sector, tourism, et cetera”.

Vision 20:2020 Document

Policy Essentials

Policy is the formulation of rules, norms and prescriptions intended to govern the subsequent decisions and actions of government (Richard et al, 1976)

The National Policy therefore is the sum of key executive and legislative measures intended to be taken by major actors in any sector to generate, organize and use national scientific and technological knowledge and information potential with the objective of achieving the country's overall development objectives and enhancing its global competitiveness and ranking among the comity of nations (adapted from a UNESCO definition of Policy)

Whether tacit or explicit, policies play a role in setting the parameters within which actors make decisions about learning and innovation.

Towards A Holistic Policy Process & Implementation Model

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g

Policy Implementation

- Established Institutions

- Factors of influence to policy implementation

- Implementation so far;

Policy Process

i) The Context

- The Historical Background

- The Social, political structure in the country

ii) Formulation stage

- Constitution of actors for policy formulation

- Source of inputs to policy formulation

- Philosophy and Values of the people

- Primary objectives of policy

- Priority Areas

- Economic inputs to formulation

- Expectations / expected outcomes of the policy objectives

Policy synthesis & Integration

- Institutional Integration

- Integration of policy to sectors

- Mission statements of the policy in Sectors Application;

- Stated Policy objectives;

Policy Evaluation

- Analysis of the intended and Actual or unintended outcomes

- Comparison and analysis;

- Lessons from factors of success and failures, - Strategies re-alignment,

- Recommendations for review,

- Conclusions

Intended Outcomes

Evaluation Report to form part of Policy Review Process

Hassan, 2010

Unintended outcome

Policy Implementation

The success of public administration for development can be measured only in relation to the implementation of policies.

However good the o political system, noble the goals, sound the

organisational system, o no policy can succeed if the implementation does not

bear relationship to the intentions of the policy formulators.

Implementation is a bridge that allows the objectives of public policies to be achieved as outcomes of government activity. o a process of putting policy into action, a process which

is mainly concerned with coordinating and managing the various elements required to achieve the desired ends.

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Expectations of Policy Implementation1. Policy implementation is dependent on:

o knowing what you want to do; o the availability of the required resources; o the ability to marshal and control these resources to

achieve the desired end; and

2. Implementation is measure of inputs, outputs and outcomes/impactso Inputs are the resources (personnel and finance)

mobilised in producing o output (decisions taken by the implementing agency) to

achieve set objectiveso the outcomes (what happens to the target groups intended

to be affected by the policy).

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Successful Policy Implementation Involves:

At the minimum, implementation includes:o adequate personnel and the financial

resources to implement the policy

o the administrative capability to achieve the desired policy goals and

o political and judicial support (from the legislative, executive and judicial arms of the government)

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Key Agents in Policy Management

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Source: UNCTA

The new ICT policy should be strategically anchored on a system of Innovation approach in terms of Administration, Implementation and Governance

Innovation Concept

Innovationo Simply mean the application of knowledge in

production

o We innovate when we apply what we know to produce what we need or solve our immediate problems

o Innovation works within networks i.e. a system

o It is operational within a context

Private Sector

Industrial Productio

n

Education and Researc

h

Government Policy

Instrument

Policy Instrument

Policy Instrument

Finance

Venture fund

Venture fund

Brokerage, Interface, Bridging

Institutions

Policy Instrument

Structure of Interactions among the Elements

of a typical Innovation

System

Adapted from Tiffin,1997

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CONCEPT OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM

WHY INNOVATION?

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INNOVATION

ICTs in areas of local

strength

N

Ideas

Competitiveness

N $ £

Socio-economic Dev.

Creativity

Knowledge

Skills

To Innovate with ICTs locally is recognising the strengths, motivations and resourcefulness of citizens (especially the digitally excluded people) and the opportunities our people initiates when accessing and using technologies

ICT Policy Eco- & Innovation System

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Finance Human Capital (K-Worker)

InstitutionsLaw and

RegulationsProcess and Management

K-Generation & Acquisition

K-Utilisation &Management

Government

People At Large

Enterprises

Make Some

Government

Enterprises

Buy Some

ICT Policy

The Eco-System

Source:Rahman,2012

Discontinuous changeo sudden change to new levels o usually destroys the frameworko always involves short-term loss

Rates of Change• Continuous change

– gradual improvement over time

– usually preserves the framework

Increase in uncertainty

Essentials for A Transformed Nigeria ICT Policy

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Ten Components:• Political Commitment• Policy Integration• ICT Advisory System• ICT Development, Planning,

Coordination, Monitoring and Evaluation

• Infrastructure for ICT Development & Acquisition

Best Practices Check List for ICT Management

The Human Resource Pyramid

• Funding & Mgmt. of R&D• Mechanism For Comm. Res.

& Tech• Integrated HRD• Mechanism for ICT

Acculturisation• Smart Partnership & Science

Ethics

Practitioners

Educators

ManagersPlanners

PopularisersAdvisors

Champions

When the winds of change are blowing,one builds shelter and others build windmills

Foresight is to create the future

Acceleration of future technology development in 21st Knowledge Based Economy

10 20 30 40 (Year)

Cus

tom

ers

Internet

PC

Mobile

Phone

Fax

Cable TV

Telephone

10 million

Development of Future Technology

The faster we go... ...the farther away we need to see

Future Prospect in ICTs

Surprises

Strongly influenced by imagination

Strongly influenced by

experiences and knowledge

sharing

Strongly influenced by

discussions and knowledge exchange

Strongly influenced by facts & data

Modelling

Extrapolation

Indicators

Benchmarking

Quantitative (6) if the activity uses or is based on reliable numerical data (i.e. statistical information)

Cross-impact

Bibliometrics

Innovation / Foresight Diamond for Localisation

Creativity

InteractionExpertise

Evidence

Science fiction

Scanning

Qualitative (17) relying less on numbers and statistics (i.e. subjective reports, synthesis and evaluation of ideas or documents)

Brainstorming

Essays / Scenario writing

Conferences / Seminars

Wild cards

SWOT analysis

Expert Panels

Genius forecasting

Scenario workshop

Morphological analysis

Interviews

Literature review

Citizen Panels

Relevance trees / Logic charts

Backcasting

Role Play/Acting

Roadmapping

Semi-quantitative (10) applying mathematical principles to process subjective knowledge (i.e. weighting ideas, systems theory)

Quantitative Scenarios/SMIC

Delphi

System/Structural analysis

Voting / Polling

Gaming-simulation

Stakeholders Mapping

Key/Critical technologies Multi-criteria

Patent analysis

Rafael Popper, U of Manchester

Foresight Processes – Way Forward

Methods are used at all stages

Analysis of trends drivers, opportunities: construction of “visions”

Creation and implementation of plans, priorities, products

Identification and enlistment of key stakeholders and

knowledge sources

Hierarchical Perspective of the PIE cycle

Communicating ICT4D

is not... is about ...

Promoting an institutionGlorifying ICTs / Technologies without asking questionsOne-way flow of information

DialogueEngagementRespect for audience and contextICTs and how it matters to societyAddressing key actors & stakeholders

Communication Channels

Innovative ICT Policy for Development

Delivers the right information, to the right people in the right place and time, in the right way, avoiding haziness.

Concluding Remarks The National VISION, AGENDA and Global Plans need a

platforms to function

One of such major platforms is no other than the application of ICTs and Science & Technology in all spheres of our Socio-economic development

The New ICT as well as the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy is the DRIVER for the much envisioned Transformation Agenda in Nigeria;

Stakeholders must be properly involved and engaged;

Robust funding mechanism must be designed and pursued;

Building of strong institutional structure and legal framework for ICT engagements and activities is essential;

Strong political commitment towards the implementation process and engendering local and international partnerships is very important.

The High Tech Centre for Women and Youths

About Uso Non Profit Organizationo ICT Capacity Building of women and youthso Liaise and network with public and private organizations involved in the

ICT sectoro Situated in the city of Abuja.

Objectiveso Assist in the empowerment of women and youths in Nigeria for National

Development through:• Training and capacity building• Advocacy and Research activities• Developing Business partnership and Opportunities• Networking at local and International levels

The capacity building hub of the nation in ICT Policy Review, Formulation, Advocacy and Implementation strategic plan

Our Philosophy

ICTs are an essential tool for the social and economic development of women, o providing education, promoting literacy, improving access to health care and

participation in government and civil society. o Women then reinvest in families and communities, multiplying the benefits of

investment.

The High-Tech Centre for Nigeria Women and Youths since 2004 has been addressing/appraising the decadence and fall out of women in ICT as a panacea for growth and development of Nigeria.

The questions that arises are: o How can women at the bottom of the pyramid be connected to ICTs and

broadband networks? o What best practices are in place for women to be trained in e-skills, set

up online businesses and engage meaningfully in social, economic and political activity?

All and more are our reasons for OUR EXISTENCEo our answers will go a long way in stating our case as women,

and a key factor in the development of a stable and viable economy.

Final Remarks

Equality for women and girls in ICTs is not only a basic human right, but also a

social and economic imperative;

Educated, empowered women create productive, strong economies and

societies, and where women are fully represented creates a more peaceful and

stable economy.

“When we empower women, we empower communities, nations and the

entire human family.” (Ban ki moon UN Secretary-General )

POWER UP WOMEN!!!IT’s TIME TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE IN OUR

WORLD

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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