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The inclusion of transnational Latin American ethnic minorities in
Spain.
Joaquín EgurenInstitute of Migration
(Instituto Universitario de Estudios sobre Migraciones)
University of Comillas from Madrid. Spain.
e-mail: [email protected]
• Year 2006 the immigration became Spain as the first country of immigration in the European Union
• Spain is one of the three European countries that greater volume of immigration has undergone in the last five years.
• Ecuadorians and Colombians represent 57% of the Latin American community, and this is 36% of the total. Most important regional immigration in Spain.
• And they occupy, to December of 2006, the first and fifthposition respectively in the national ranking of immigrantcommunities more numerous.
Four social and ethnic indicators studied:
-Organisational: preparing emigration and settling in host society.
- Interactional: links with their countrymen in Spain and with their country of origin.
- Informational: receiving information from your country and kinds of Mass Media used.
- Financial and consumer goods indicators: Migration’s remittances of money to their country and consumer goods
Results of the quantitative research aboutEcuadorians and Colombians in Spain, in 2002.
Transnational Immigrant communities
1st.- Ecuadorians and Colombians immigrant communities are in a first step of incorporation to the Spanish society.
2nd.- Their migratory project in 2002, was still uncertain.
- Half of each community immigrant had doubts on if returning to its country or remaining to reside in Spain.
3rd.-They practically had divided the descendants, because half lived in Spain and other half in its countries on origin. They have their families distributed in two worlds.
4th.- At least one of each five immigrants still maintains the load of the payment of the debt by reasons of the emigration.
5th.- The degree of interaction and entailment with its resident countrymen and relatives in Spain was highest and overseas.
6th.- More of 70% of these immigrants has like friends in Spain its countrymen. Ecuadorians: 91%.
Four main results of these quantitative analyses are outlined here:
- High degree of social interactions and interchanges
inside the transnational migrant social networks.
-After ten years of residence in Spain decrease the degrees of interchange and social interactions with their native countries.
Transnational migration social networks are specially based on ethnicity, as the genealogical links
with their own native kinship.
The dynamic of transnational communities havean important influence in the processes of inclusion in these societies.
So, to achieve a good integration it is necessaryto study these transnational migration feedback dynamics.
They can help to think in a new form the processesof inclusion of these immigrant communitiesin the host societies.
