The Industrial Revolution

By Justin Scott Ehrenpreis

Jethro Tull

Invented the seed drill

Eli Whiteny

American Inventor of the cotton-cleaning machine

Cotton Gin

Charles Townshend

New method of crop rotation

Urged farmers to grow turnips which restored exhausted soil

Samuel F.B. Morse

Invented telegraph

Adam Smith

Economist

Wrote “Wealth of Nations”

Supported Laissezfaire

Karl MarxEconomist

Wrote “The Communist Manifesto” Saw world class struggle

Felt workers were exploited

Supported Communism

Were none private property exists

Abraham Darby

Found a way to remove impurities from coal

Helped to produce iron by smelting

Richard Arkwright

Invented water frame

Used water to power to speed up textile production

Rudolf Diesel

Invented engine

James Watt

Improved engine

His engines became a key to the Industrial Revolution

Why did the Industrial Revolution on Began in England?

Water (transportation, power)

Coal (smelting iron)

Education

How did Industrialization contribute to and cause Urbanization?

Moved people from farms to city

Technology made less jobs on farms

Development of factories meant more jobs in cities

How did the middle class transform the social structure of Great Britain

during the Industrial Revolution?

Poor conditions of working class

Raise to a more prosperous and stronger middle class

Middle class not large, gained in political power

Middle class made Reform Act of 1832

Terms

Wealth of Nations

Written by Adam Smith

Supported Laissez-faire

Capitalist ideas

Mass Production

System of factories making things in large quantities

Cottage Factory

Clothes made at homes

Urbanization

Growth of cities

Movement of people from rural areas to city

Capital

Wealth to invest

Factories

Places that brought together workers and machines to produce large quantities of goods

Tenement

Multistory buildings divided into crowded apartments

Labor Union

To improve working conditions

“worker’s organizations”

Utilitarianism

The idea that the goal of society should be

Socialism

To end poverty and injustice

The people as whole would own and operate the means of production

Communism

A form of socialism

Sees classes struggle between employees

unavoidable

proletariat

Working class

Means of Production

Large businesses

Produce and distributed goods

Corporations

Business owned by investors

Buy shares of stock

Risk only the amount invested

Imperialism

Domination by one country of political, economical, or cultural life of another country or nation

Monopoly

Complete control of a product or business by one person or group

Laissez-faire

Policy allowed business to operate with on government interference

Assembly Line

Production method that breaks down complex job into smaller tasks

Proletariat

Take control of means of production

Set up classless communist society

Plough

A machine that turns the soil and brakes it up

Kill weeds

Methodism

Religious movement

Founded by John Wesley

Stressed personal faith

Taught the poor to read and write

Luddite

Apposed to the new labor saving machines

Smashed machines and burned factories

infrastructure

Roads, dams, buildings that are owned by society

Rotation

Crop Rotation, allowed farmers to grow turnips which restored exhausted soil

Charles Townshend

Revolution

The overthrow of government

Capitalism

Economic system

Means of production are privately owned and operated for profit

Steam Engine

Made power from steam

Invented by Newcomen

Improved by James Watt

Enclosure Movement

Process of taking over and fencing off land

Communist Manifesto

By Karl Marx

Saw world class struggle

Felt workers exploited

Supported communism where no private property exists

Fallow

No crops just dirt in feild

Agrarian

“agraculture’

Bourgeoisie

“Middle Class”

Communism

Form of complete socialism

Means of Production are owned by the people

Private property not exists

Fulton's Steam Boat

Clermont

Industrialization

The process of developing machines to produce goods

Causes of Industrial Revolution

Agriculture RevolutionPopulation ExplosionNew TechnologiesSocial Changes