Offline Computing and the Grid

The Mu2e Experiment at FermilabMu2e-doc-3761-v1Rob Kutschke, Fermilab Aspen Winter InstituteJanuary 19, 2014

http://mu2e.fnal.govGet doc number1About Half of Us: Nov 2013Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 20142

The Mu2e CollaborationJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 20143Boston UniversityBrookhaven National LaboratoryUniversity of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryUniversity of California, IrvineCalifornia Institute of TechnologyCity University of New YorkDuke UniversityFermilabUniversity of HoustonUniversity of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignLewis UniversityUniversity of Massachusetts, AmherstMuons, Inc.Northern Illinois UniversityNorthwestern UniversityPacific Northwest National LaboratoryPurdue UniversityRice UniversityUniversity of VirginiaUniversity of Washington, Seattle

Laboratori Nazionale di FrascatiINFN GenovaINFN Lecce and Universit del SalentoIstituto G. Marconi RomaINFN,, PisaUniversita di Udine and INFN Trieste/UdineJINR, Dubna, RussiaInstitute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia135 Members from 28 InstitutionsThere remain good projects not spoken for!Replace with new photo and institution list3Initial state: muonic atomFinal state:Single mono-energetic electron.Energy depends on Z of target.Recoiling nucleus (not observed).Coherent: nucleus stays intact.Neutrino-lessNon-zero but negligible rate in Standard Model.Observable rate in many New Physics scenarios.Related decays: Charged Lepton Flavor Violation (CLFV):Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 20144

- N e- NSurvey of New Physics ScenariosJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 20145

Flavour Physics of Leptons and Dipole Moments, Eur.Phys.J.C57:13-182,2008Sensitive to mass scales up to O(10,000 TeV)! NeN e eeeTwo Types of DiagramsJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 20146

Loops Contact terms NeN e eee

Effective Lagrangian

NeN e eeeSensitivity to High Mass ScalesJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 20147

Loops dominate for > 1Andre DeGouvea NeN e eee (TeV)MEG upgrade Mu2e: 5 Mu2e PIP II: 5 MEG goalComplementarity with the LHCIf new physics is seen at the LHCNeed CLFV measurements (Mu2e and others) to discriminate among interpretationsIf new physics is not seen at the LHCMu2e has discovery reach to mass scales that are inaccessible to production at the LHCJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 20148Decayin-Orbit: Dominant BackgroundJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 20149

DIO tail MFree muon decay DIO shapeM M / 2 Reconstructed Momentum (MeV)DIO: Decay in orbitDIO EndpointJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201410

Czarnecki, Tormo, MarcianoPhys.Rev. D84 (2011) 013006 Tail of DIO falls as (EEndpoint Ee)5Separation of ~few 100 keV for Re = 10-16Experimental effectsMMAl nuclear radius 4 fmMu2e in One PageMake muonic Al.Watch it decay:Decay-in-orbit (DIO): 40%Continuous Ee spectrum.Muon capture on nucleus: 60%Nuclear breakup: p, n, Neutrino-less to e conversionMono-energetic Ee 105 MeVAt endpoint of continuous spectrum.Measure Ee spectrum.Is there an excess at the endpoint?Quantitatively understand backgroundsJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201411

Bohr radius 20 fmLifetime: 864 nsWhat do We Measure?Numerator:Do we see an excess at the Ee end point?Denominator:All nuclear captures of muonic Al atomsDesign sensitivity for a 3 year run 2.5 10-17 single event sensitivity.< 6 10-17 limit at 90% C.L. 10,000 better than current limit (SINDRUM II).Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201412

Proton DeliveryJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201413

Reuse Tevatron-era infrastructureWorked with Muon g-2 to develop a design that works well for both.Only one can run at one time.Either experiment can run simultaneously with NOvA.Superconducting Solenoid SystemJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201414

ProductionSolenoid (PS)Transport Solenoid (TS)Detector Solenoid (DS)4.6 T2.5 T2.0 TDetector Region:Uniform Field 1T1.0 TGraded B for most of lengthProton BeamBackward Travelling Muon BeamJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201415

Proton BeamProduction TargetPS: Magnetic mirror4.6 T2.5 TCollimatorsTS: negative gradient and charge selection at central collimatorTo dumpTo stopping target and detector2.5 T2.0 TStopping Target and DetectorsJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201416

Straw TrackerFoil Stopping TargetsBaF2 CalorimeterIncoming muon beam: = 7.6 MeVStopping TargetPulse of low energy - on thin Al foils~50% range out and capture to form muonic Al~0.0016 stopped - per proton on production target.DIO and conversion electrons pop out of target foils.Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 20141717 target foils200 microns thick5 cm spacingRadius:10. cm at upstream6.5 cm at downstream

One Cycle of the Muon BeamlineJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201418 are accompanied by e-, e+, , anti-protons These create prompt backgrounds Wait for them to decay.Extinction = (# protons between bunches)/(protons per bunch)Require: Extinction < 10-10Selection Window, defined at center plane of the tracker

Proton pulse arrival at production targetShapes are schematic, for clarity18

Tracker: Straw Tubes in VacuumJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201419

Panel: 2 Layers, 48 straws each

Plane: 6 panels; self supportingTracker sits in Vacuum12Straws: 5 mm OD; 15 micron metalized mylar wall.3Custom ASIC for time division: 5 mm at straw centerTracker: Straw Tubes in VacuumJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201420

45Station: 2 planes; relative rotation under studyTracker: 22 stations (# and rotations still being optimized)

How do you measure 2.510-17 ?Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201421No hits in detectorReconstructable tracksSome hits in detector.Tracks not reconstructable.Beams-eye view of TrackerSignal Sensitivity for 3 Year RunJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201422

Reconstructed e- MomentumStopped : 5. 8 1017

For R = 10-16

Ne = 3.94 0.03NDIO = 0.19 0.01NOther = 0.19

SES = (2.5 0.1) 10-17 Errors are stat onlyCalorimeterJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201423

Two disk geometryHex BaF2 crystals; APD or SiPM readoutProvides precise timing, PID, background rejection, alternate track seed and possible calibration trigger.

Backgrounds Stopped Muon inducedMuon decay in orbit (DIO)Out of time protons or long transit-time secondariesRadiative pion capture; Muon decay in flightPion decay in flight; Beam electronsAnti-protonsSecondaries from cosmic raysJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201424Mitigation:Excellent momentum resolutionExcellent extinction plus delayed measurement windowThin window at center of TS absorbs anti-protonsShielding and veto

Backgrounds for 3 Year RunSourceEventsComment decay in orbit (DIO) 0.20 0.06Anti-proton capture0.10 0.06Radiative - capture*0.04 0.02From protons during detection timeBeam electrons*0.001 0.001 decay in flight*0.010 0.005With e- scatter in targetCosmic ray induced0.050 0.013Assumes 10-4 veto inefficiencyTotal0.4 0.1Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201425* scales with extinction: values in table assume extinction = 10-10All values preliminary; some are stat error only.Mu2e ScheduleJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201426

Calendar YearCritical path: SolenoidsTodayAssemble and commission the detector: great time for students and postdocsFNAL Accelerator ComplexProton Improvement Plan (PIP)Improve beam power to meet NOvA requirementsEssentially complete.PIP-II design underwayProject-X reimagined to match funding constraints1+ MW to LBNE at startup (2025) Flexible design to allow future realization of the full potential of the FNAL accelerator complex~2 MW to LBNE10 the protons to Mu2eMW-class, high duty factor beams for rare process experiments Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201427Mu2e is a ProgramJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201428If we have a signal:Study Z dependence: distinguish among theoriesOptions limited now that the programmable time structure of the proposed Project X beam is no longer anticipated. If we have no signal:Up to to 10 Mu2e physics reach, Re < a few 10-18 .Can use the same detectorBoth can be done with existing accelerator complex. Both would could be done faster with more protons from PIP II

Summary and ConclusionsDiscover to e conversion or set limitRe < 6 10-17 @ 90% CL.10,000 better than previous best limit.Mass scales to O(10,000 TeV) are within reach.Schedule:Final review ~May 2014; expect approval ~July 2014Construction start fall 2014Installation and commissioning in 2019Critical path is the solenoid systemMu2e is a program:If a signal: can study N(A,Z) dependence to elucidate the underlying physics.If no signal: improve sensitivity up to 10 Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201429For Further InformationMu2e:Home page: http://mu2e.fnal.govCDR: http://arxiv.org/abs/1211.7019DocDB: http://mu2e-docdb.fnal.gov/cgi-bin/DocumentDatabasePIP-IISteve Holmes talk to P5 at BNL, Dec 16, 2013 https://indico.bnl.gov/getFile.py/access?contribId=11&sessionId=5&resId=0&materialId=slides&confId=680Conceptual Plan:http://projectx-docdb.fnal.gov/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=1232Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201430Backup SlidesJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201431Not Covered in This TalkPipelined, deadtime-less trigger systemCosmic ray veto systemStopping target monitorGe detector, behind muon beam dumpDetails of proton deliveryAC dipole in transfer line; increase extinctionIn-line extinction measurement devicesExtinction monitor near proton beam dumpMuon beam dumpSingles rates and radiation damage due to neutrons from production target, collimators and stopping target.Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201432Fermilab Muon ProgramMu2eMuon g-2Muon Accelerator Program (MAP):MuCool ionization cooling demonstration Other R&D towards a muon colliderNuStormProposal has Stage I approval from FNAL PACPreliminary studies for Project-X era:+ e+ + e+ e- e+ Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201433All envisage x10 or better over previous best experimentsSchematic of One Cycle of the Muon BeamlineJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201434No real overlap between selection window and the second proton pulse!Proton times: when protons arrive at production targetSelection window: measured tracks pass the mid-plane of the tracker

Selection window, defined at center plane of the trackerProton pulse34Previous Best ExperimentSINDRUM IIRe < 6.110-13 @90% CL2 events in signal regionAu target: different Ee endpoint than Al.

Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201435

W. Bertl et al, Eur. Phys. J. C 47, 337-346 (2006) HEP 2001 W. Bertl SINDRUM II Collab

SINDRUM II Ti ResultJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201436SINDRUM-IIRe(Ti) < 6.1X10-13PANIC 96 (C96-05-22)

Re(Ti) < 4.3X10-12Phys.Lett. B317 (1993)

Re(Au) < 7X10-13Eur.Phys.J. C47 (2006) Dominant background: beam -Radiative Pion Capture (RPC)suppressed with prompt vetoCosmic ray backgrounds also important

Why Better than SINDRUM II?FNAL can deliver 1000 proton intensity.Higher collection efficiency.SINDRUM II was BG limited.Radiative capture.Bunched beam and excellent extinction reduce this.So Mu2e can use the higher proton rate.Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201437Muon MomentumJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201438

Muon Momentum at First Target 40 MeV 7.6 MeVCapture and DIO vs ZJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201439

AlConversion Rate, Normalized to AlJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201440

CLFV Rates in the Standard ModelWith massive neutrinos, non-zero rate in SM. Too small to observe.Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201441

Proton Beam Macro StructureJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201442

Proton Beam Micro StructureJan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201443

Slow spill:Bunch of 4 107 protons every 1694 nsRequired Extinction 10-10 Internal: 10-7 already demonstrated at AGS.Without using all of the tricks.External: in transfer-line between ring and production target. AC dipole magnets and collimators.Simulations predict aggregate 10-12 is achievableExtinction monitoring systems have been designed.

Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201444

Project XAccelerator Reference Design: physics.acc-ph:1306.5022Physics Opportunities: hep-ex:1306.5009Broader Impacts: physics.acc-ph:1306.5024

Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201445

Mu2e in the Project-X Era Jan 19, 2014Mu2e/Rob Kutschke/Aspen 201446If we have a signal:Study Z dependence: distinguish among theoriesEnabled by the programmable time structure of the Project X beam: match pulse spacing to lifetime of the muonic atom!

If we have no signal:Up to to 100 Mu2e physics reach, Re < 10-18 .First factor of 10 can use the same detector.