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The Muscular System. By : Katelyn Kulik. Functions. The muscular system is responsible for both physical movement and movement of food through the body. An example would be cardiac muscles helping the heart pump blood to the body. Types of muscle tissue:. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Muscular SystemBy: Katelyn Kulik
FunctionsThe muscular system is responsible for both
physical movement and movement of food through the body.An example would be cardiac muscles helping
the heart pump blood to the body.
Types of muscle tissue:There are three main types of tissues in the
muscular system. There are skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles
and smooth muscles. Skeletal muscles make up most of the muscular
system and control the movement of your bones.
Cardiac muscles or heart muscles are only located in the heart they contract to help the heart pump blood to the body.
Smooth muscles make up your cardiovascular system.
What is muscle fatigue?Muscle fatigue is the outcome of working
muscles to much which causes the muscles lose their ability to contract.
Exercise and skeletal muscleSkeletal muscles when worked begin to
gradually grow in strength and begin to fatigue less quickly. Skeletal muscles can usually be consciously controlled.
Flexors and extensorsFlexor- A muscle that bends a jointExtensor- A muscle that straightens a joint
(Ex.) Hands and Fingers, Flexors= Carpi Radialis, Carpi Ularis, Extensors= Carpi Radialis Long, Carpi Radialis Brevior, Carpi Ulnaris.
(Ex.) Hamstring= Flexor, Quadriceps= Extensor (Ex.) Biceps= Flexors, Triceps= Extensors
Muscle disordersMuscle Fatigue- The physiological inability of
a muscle to contract. When ATP is absent, Continuous contractions occur causing muscle cramps.
(Ex. When a runner does not stretch before a race or over exerts their muscles they may suffer from muscle cramps.)
Connective tissues:Loose connective tissue
The most widespread connective tissue of the body
It is used to attach the skin to the underlying tissue
It also surrounds and supports the blood vessels
Ex: supports and connects structures of the body
Types of loose connective tissue:Collagen fibers made of collagen and
consist of bundles of fibrils that are coils of collagen molecules
Elastic fibers made of elastin and are stretchable
Reticular fibers join connective tissues to other tissues
Fibrous connective tissue:Found in tendons and ligaments. Ex: fiber in meats
A thick layer of perimysium.
Specialized connective tissues:Adipose stores fat
Cartilage composed of tightly packed collagenous fibers on a rubbery gelatinous substance called chondrin. (Ex: skeletons of human embryos)
Fat cells Human embryo
Specialized connective tissue cont:Bone: mineralized connective tissue that
contains collagen and calcium phosphateBlood: the matrix is the plasma and
erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets are suspended in the plasma.
Bone connective tissue Blood connective tissue
Function of tendons Tendons- Cord or band of inelastic tissue
connecting a muscle with its boney attachment.
Extra VocabMuscle Fibers- Skeletal Muscle tissue that is
made up of elongated cellsFascicles- Dense bundles of skeletal muscle
fibersSmooth muscles- Involuntary muscles
because most movements cannot be consciously controlled
Myofibrils- Bundles of thread like structures in the skeletal muscle fibers.
Myosin- Thick filaments in MyofibrilsActin- Thin filaments in Myofibrils
Extra VocabZ-line- The end points of the thin actin
filaments connect to this structure.Sarcomere- The region from one z-line to
anotherOrigin- The point where a muscle attaches to
a stationary bone. Insertion- The point where a muscle attaches
to a moving bone.
Bibliography http://ect.downstate.edu/courseware/histomanual/connective.html http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/a/aa122807a.htm http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/clattem/Health/Cardio/Cardio%20Home%20Page.ht
m http://chestofbooks.com/health/anatomy/Human-Body-Construction/2-The-Flexo
rs-And-Extensors-Of-The-Wrist.html http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/intro/ct.htm http://library.thinkquest.org/2935/Natures_Best/Nat_Best_Low_Level/Muscular_
page.L.html