The New ImperialismHistory 104 / March 8, 2013

Britain in Asia: the Opium War (1839-42)

Opium smokers in China

Britain in Asia: suppressing the Sepoy Mutiny (1857-58)

Britain in Asia: Victoria proclaimed Empress of India, 1877

British & French financiers build the Suez Canal (1859-1869)

Leopold IIKing of Belgium,

1865-1909

The “Congo Free State”:slave-plantation conditions

Lüderitz: a German colony in Southwest Africa (founded 1883)

The Berlin Conference (1884-85): Europeans divide up Africa

Africa in 1886

Note: German colonies are dark purple (not green as indicated in the key)

Africa in 1914

French conquests in Indochina (Vietnam), 1883-84

From the “open door”to spheres of influence

in China(late 1800s)

China’s Boxer Rebellion (1898-1900): revenge against foreigners

The “Righteous and Harmonious Fists” attack a Russian steamship

Expeditionary forcessent against the Boxers:

BritainGermany

RussiaFranceItaly

Austria-Hungarythe United States

Japan

Commodore Perry forces Japan to open up

to trade(1853)

The Meiji Restoration(1868)

The “Great Game”in Afghanistan

(Britain vs. Russia)

Colonizing Manchuria (Russia vs. Japan)

The Russo-Japanese War(1904-5)

Complications in Africa: Ethiopians beat Italy at Adowa (1896)

Complications in Africa: the Franco-British

showdown at Fashoda (1898)

British colonies = greenFrench colonies = pink

The Boer War (1899-1902): Britain’s Cape Colony vs. the Dutch farmers (Boer) of the interior

Paul Kruger (1825-1904)

German troops mobilize to suppressthe Herero Uprising in South West Africa (1904-7)