The Origins of Cinema

The History, Development & Changes in Film

What is Cinema?

Main Entry: cin·e·ma Pronunciation: 'si-n&-m&, British also -"mäFunction: nounEtymology: short for cinematograph1 a : MOTION PICTURE -- usually used attributively b : a motion-picture theater2 a : MOVIES; especially : the film industry b : the art or technique of making motion pictures

FILM HISTORY Early Cinematic Origins

The Infancy of Film The Pre-Talkies and Silent Era

The Golden Age of HollywoodThe Talkies The Growth of the Studios The War and Post-War Years

The Beginnings of Film Noir The Cold War and Post-Classical EraThe Era of Epic FilmsThe Threat of Television

Era Independent The End of the Hollywood Studio SystemUnderground Cinema

The American "New Wave" The Last Golden Age of American Cinema The Advent of the Block-buster FilmTeen-Oriented Angst Films The Dawn of the SequelBlockbusters

PRESENT & FUTURE An Era of Mainstream Films

Alternatives &

Independent Cinema

The Rise of CG – Computer Generated Films

The Decade of Remakes

Re-releases

More Sequels

The New MillenniumAge of Special Effects

The Search for the Perfect Blockbuster

Digital cinema affects these major areas of movie-making :

Production - how the movie is actually made

Distribution - how the movie gets from the production company to movie theaters

Projection - how the theater presents the movie

Audience - how audiences now view films

Media Format – how the product is watched

VARIETY ESTIMATES THAT THE FILM INDUSTRY IS A 8 TRILLION

DOLLAR A YEAR INDUSTRY

Annotated Bibliography Varian, H. R. (1997, June 11). The future of electronic journals. Paper presented

at the 1997 Scholarly Communication and Technology Conference. Retrieved June 27, 2001 from http://arl.cni.org/scomm/scat/varian.html

McGann, J. (1995). The rationale of HyperText. Retrieved June 27, 2001, from University of Virginia, Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanaties Web site http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/public/jjm2f/rationale.html

Center for Reformation and Renaissance Studies. Ed. Laura E. Hunt and William Barek. May 1998. U of Toronto. 11 May 1999 <http://CITD.SCAR.UTORONTO.CA/crrs/index.html>.

Zinn, Howard. A People’s History of the United States : 1492-Present 1993 New York, NY Perennial pp. 253-296

Gordon Hendricks, The Kinetoscope: America’s First Commercially Successful Motion Picture Exhibitor (New York: The Beginnings of the American Film, 1966).

Gordon Hendricks, The Edison Motion Picture Myth (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1961). <http://edison.rutgers.edu/mopix/peephole.htm>