The Origins of Segregation 1890’s: Social and Legal William G. Thomas III HIST 604 The Civil Rights Movement in U.S. and Virginia History

The Origins of Segregation 1890’s: Social and Legal

William G. Thomas IIIHIST 604 The Civil Rights Movement in U.S. andVirginia History

Standards of Learning

STANDARD USII.8a - The student will demonstrateKnowledge of the key issues during the second half of the 20th century by

A) examining the Civil Rights Movement andthe changing role of women


STANDARD VS.8b - The Student will demonstrateKnowledge of the reconstruction of Virginia following the Civil War by

B) identifying the effects of segregation and “Jim Crow” on life in Virginia


STANDARD VS.9b - The student will demonstrateKnowledge of 20th century Virginia by

B) identifying the social and political eventsin Virginia linked to desegregation and MassiveResistance and their relationship to history.


STANDARD VUS.8c - The student will demonstrateknowledge of how the nation grew and changed fromThe end of Reconstruction through the early 20thcentury by

C) analyzing prejudice and discriminationduring this time period, with emphasis on “Jim

Crow” and the responses of W.E.B. Du Boisand Booker T. Washington


STANDARD GOVT9- student will demonstrateKnowledge of the process by which public policy is made by

A)examining different perspectives on the role of government

B)explaining how local, state, and national Governments formulate public policy


STANDARD GOVT9- student will demonstrateKnowledge of the process by which public policy is made by

C) describing the process by which policy isimplemented by the bureaucracy at each level.

D) describing how individuals, interest groups, and the media influence public policy.

Broadside 1901.N68 Albert H. Small Library, UVa

“The Democratic party, through its

representatives in the convention

is slowly, but surely, framing a law

that will so effectually exclude the

idle shiftless and illiterate of the

negro race from suffrage that the

gates of republican wrath cannot

prevail against it. The trouble with

our opponents is that they realize

now that we will accomplish this and

keep the pledge that no white man will

be disfranchised. I stand here and

declare it, for I do know it is the truth.”- Hon. A.J. Montague

Origins of SegregationAn open letter to the readers of The Reflector

Dear Readers:...

By the way, I chanced to be in a meeting sponsored by the "Scottsboro Defense League” and heard one of Charlottesville's leading business men make a strong protest against The Daily Progress, as a segregated paper, yet I failed to see his advertisement in The Reflector. His protest must have been a joke, since he made no move towards aiding a paper representative of him and his race.

...Daniel F. Childress

The Reflector, Issue No.3, August 19, 1933

Origins of SegregationSeveral days ago, the management of the Lafayette Theatre resorted to antebellum phraseology in advertising a watermelon-eating contest. This act offended many negro patrons who interpreted this ad as a gesture of disrespect and an admitted lack of appreciation for negro patronage. Perhaps those hundred or more negro citizens who protested to The Reflector are correct in their contentions. Perhaps the management of the Lafayette Theatre does not appreciate negro business, nevertheless, as a group, we took it as an insult and resented it.

Regardless of the intentions of the management, we think it timely to define the term used as accepted by negroes. In the first place, it is as remote as cotton's being one of the chief industries of the South, or serfdom in England. Then, the word "darkey" is a misnomer. It is equivolent to the word "Wop" as applied to the Italian, "Mick" as applied to the Irish, or "Cracker" as applied to the white race, and we resent it used as a representative term describing our race. Call us negroes or colored, but "darkies" and "pickanninies" are misnomers that are quite out of place in a time like this.

The Reflector, Issue No.3, August 19, 1933 “Eight Little Darkies”

Origins of SegregationWe have advocated since the first issue of this paper, three weeks ago, an active civic league for negroes of Charlottesville. We feel that a civic league in this community would do much to inculcate unity and power at the polls and in everyday life. We are urging citizens to give the plan consideration in their homes, in their clubs and in their various places of business. We have talked long enough. Now is the time for action. ...The primary step is to make necessary adjustments. ...The secondary step, with pardons for the use of the common vernacular, is stick to your guns. ...Thirdly, in this project, forget personal feeling. Forget that the person who was selected as leader does not attend your church, or is not a member of your club or does not live on your street. Consider him as a man, as the chosen leader and support him. It is a wonderful thing, this personal interested in one's friend and loyal also to the cause of advancement and development. ...Fourthly, lastly, but in no wise the least; if you do not see fit to actively aid in the program of the proposed civic league, keep quiet, and give the other fellow a chance. In this way you can at least help inactively.

The Reflector, Issue No.3, August 19, 1933, “Wanted at Once!”

The Social and Legal Origins of Segregation

Reconstruction’s LegacySchooling in

Reconstruction1867 Virginia Constitution


Railroads and Segregation LawsTechnology and GenderRailroad Resistance


Plessy v. Ferguson 1896


Edwilda Allen IssacInterview


Morgan v. Virginia 1942Interstate commerce v. intrastatecommerce


Black Leaders Views on Segregation

W.E.B Du Bois and

Booker T. Washington

Ida B. Wells and anti-lynching campaign


Disenfranchisement of Black Voters1902 Virginia Constitution


Eugenics and Racial IntegrityWalter A. PleckerRacial Integrity ActHistory of Forced Sterilization

Protest Begins


Vera AllenInterview

Documents

The Origins of Segregation 1890’s: Social and Legal William G. Thomas III HIST 604 The Civil Rights Movement in U.S. and Virginia History