The Pacific Islands and The Pacific Islands and AntarcticaAntarctica

By Chris RiveraBy Chris Rivera

Steph SimpsonSteph Simpson

The pacific islandsThe pacific islands

The pacific islands include Hawaii and The pacific islands include Hawaii and Easter island.Easter island.

VocabularyVocabulary

Outrigger Outrigger - wooden beams that keep - wooden beams that keep a canoe stablea canoe stable

TabuTabu - forbidden - forbidden KastomKastom - a series of customs or - a series of customs or

beliefsbeliefs Mana Mana - personal power- personal power CopraCopra - the meat from a coconut - the meat from a coconut

Info about the pacific Info about the pacific islandsislands

The pacific islands are classified into 3 groups, Melanesia, The pacific islands are classified into 3 groups, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.Micronesia, and Polynesia.

Over time the islanders created languages and customs.Over time the islanders created languages and customs. The islands of Melanesia lie north of Australia and east of The islands of Melanesia lie north of Australia and east of

Indonesia. They include New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Indonesia. They include New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, and Fiji. Vanuatu, New Caledonia, and Fiji.

For about 30,000 years there was no contact with people For about 30,000 years there was no contact with people from other lands. from other lands.

Experts believe that around 1500 B.C. people from the Experts believe that around 1500 B.C. people from the Philippine Islands, sailing east, landed on the Mariana Islands. Philippine Islands, sailing east, landed on the Mariana Islands.

The Polynesian islands stretched from Hawaii to New Zealand The Polynesian islands stretched from Hawaii to New Zealand and from Fiji to Easter Island. and from Fiji to Easter Island.

The name The name MicronesiaMicronesia, which means "small islands," describes , which means "small islands," describes the region. While a few of its 2,000 or so islands have the region. While a few of its 2,000 or so islands have volcanoes, most are small, low-lying coral islands. volcanoes, most are small, low-lying coral islands.

MauiMaui

A legendary figure in the Pacific Islands is Maui, a A legendary figure in the Pacific Islands is Maui, a hero and trickster who was believed to be part hero and trickster who was believed to be part god and part human. Stories said that he stole fire god and part human. Stories said that he stole fire from the gods and gave it to humans and that he from the gods and gave it to humans and that he created the first dog. Maui was also said to be an created the first dog. Maui was also said to be an expert at fishing who pulled from the sea, fish so expert at fishing who pulled from the sea, fish so huge that they turned into the islands of the huge that they turned into the islands of the Pacific Ocean. Depending on which island they say Pacific Ocean. Depending on which island they say Maui created, storytellers have different versions Maui created, storytellers have different versions of the bait he used. Cook Islanders say he baited of the bait he used. Cook Islanders say he baited his hook with coconuts and leaves. Polynesians his hook with coconuts and leaves. Polynesians claim he used either his own ear or red feathers.claim he used either his own ear or red feathers.

Island nationsIsland nations

It is estimated that as many as 20,000 islands are It is estimated that as many as 20,000 islands are scattered across the South Pacific Ocean. These islands scattered across the South Pacific Ocean. These islands lie in groups, or chains. Many are separated by great lie in groups, or chains. Many are separated by great distances. Some are large and mountainous. Others are distances. Some are large and mountainous. Others are low-lying specks in the ocean. Some have thousands of low-lying specks in the ocean. Some have thousands of people, some have only a few hundred, and most have people, some have only a few hundred, and most have no people at all. Some islands in the Pacific are no people at all. Some islands in the Pacific are independent nations. Others are self-governing independent nations. Others are self-governing territories of countries in Europe, Asia, or North America. territories of countries in Europe, Asia, or North America. All must deal with the problems and opportunities faced All must deal with the problems and opportunities faced by nations in the modern world. Some of those by nations in the modern world. Some of those challenges were other nations controlling the islands challenges were other nations controlling the islands during both world wars. Now the islands are not isolated during both world wars. Now the islands are not isolated from the rest of the world. Some islands now belong to from the rest of the world. Some islands now belong to other countries or are now territories of those countries.other countries or are now territories of those countries.

Antarctica , the land Antarctica , the land with no population.with no population.

All alone at the bottom of the All alone at the bottom of the world, until now, no one even world, until now, no one even knew Antarctica existed. knew Antarctica existed.

Vocabulary Vocabulary

Pack icePack ice - sea ice that forms into a - sea ice that forms into a large mass. large mass.

KrillKrill - tiny shrimplike animals that - tiny shrimplike animals that gather in huge masses to feed on gather in huge masses to feed on algae. algae.

Info about Antarctica Info about Antarctica

Antarctica is the most isolated of the continents. It covers the South Antarctica is the most isolated of the continents. It covers the South Pole and is surrounded by the South Atlantic, South Pacific, and Indian Pole and is surrounded by the South Atlantic, South Pacific, and Indian Oceans. Oceans.

Antarctica's interior is made up of thousands of miles of ice-covered Antarctica's interior is made up of thousands of miles of ice-covered plateaus. plateaus.

To early explorers, Antarctica seemed like a lifeless land. Although To early explorers, Antarctica seemed like a lifeless land. Although people have never lived there, its waters are home to many kinds of people have never lived there, its waters are home to many kinds of life.life.

Many whales and seals live in the waters of Antarctica, along with Many whales and seals live in the waters of Antarctica, along with porpoises and dolphins. porpoises and dolphins.

Fossil fuels such as coal have been found in the Transantarctic Fossil fuels such as coal have been found in the Transantarctic Mountains. Mountains.

Antarctica does not belong to any one nation. Some, including Britain, Antarctica does not belong to any one nation. Some, including Britain, Australia, and Argentina, have made claims. Other nations do not Australia, and Argentina, have made claims. Other nations do not recognize these claims. In 1957–1958, scientists from 67 nations recognize these claims. In 1957–1958, scientists from 67 nations gathered in Antarctica to take part in the International Geophysical gathered in Antarctica to take part in the International Geophysical Year. Their purpose was to begin scientific study of the effect of the Year. Their purpose was to begin scientific study of the effect of the continent's ice masses on weather, oceans, and the atmosphere around continent's ice masses on weather, oceans, and the atmosphere around the world. Twelve nations set up about 50 stations for research.the world. Twelve nations set up about 50 stations for research.

More infoMore info

Despite the extremely harsh Despite the extremely harsh conditions, experts are gathering conditions, experts are gathering valuable information. valuable information.

Probably the most famous Antarctic Probably the most famous Antarctic creatures are the penguins, which creatures are the penguins, which include species such as the King, include species such as the King, Adélie, Chinstrap, and Emperor. Adélie, Chinstrap, and Emperor.

Quiz Time!Quiz Time!

1.1. What is Mana?What is Mana?

2.2. What was a major challenge the What was a major challenge the pacific islands faced?pacific islands faced?

3.3. True or False, Hawaii is in the True or False, Hawaii is in the Polynesian group.Polynesian group.

Answers

• Personal power• Claims during World war 1 and 2• True

Thank you Thank you

Thanks for watching our PowerPoint Thanks for watching our PowerPoint on the pacific islands and Antarctica.on the pacific islands and Antarctica.