The ReformationThe ReformationCh 6 Sec 3

CausesCauses

Northern Humanist believed the Church was more interested in its income than saving souls.

Popes were political leaders, not moral leaders.

Misconduct of priestsHumanist sought new emphasis on

personal faith and spirituality.

The BeginningsThe Beginnings

First break took place in Germany.◦Germany was not a unified.◦Made up of about 300 independent states.

◦Weak rulers could not control independent ideas of religion.

◦Or prevent abuses by the pope.

IndulgencesIndulgencesPope LeoX was

continuing to rebuild St. Peters Basilica.

The Vatican sent John Tetzel to Germany to raise funds.◦Tetzel asked people to

buy indulgences Pardons from

punishments of sins◦This misuse of

indulgences outraged the Northern humanist

Martin LutherMartin LutherLuther was a monk in

Germany◦ The sale of indulgences

angered him.Luther developed

beliefs later known as Lutheranism.◦ No amount of good deed

and ceremonies made a difference in saving a sinner.

◦ Only thing that counted was inner faith. Justification by faith

alone.

Luther ProtestLuther Protest

Luther protested the buying of indulgences

He posted his 95 Theses on Indulgences on a church door.

People all-over Europe heard of a monk challenging the Pope.◦He did not intend to break with the church.

The Catholic church denounced him.

Break with the ChurchBreak with the Church

Luther disagreed with many church doctrines.◦Bible was sole religious authority.

◦Priest could not tell a person what to believe.

◦Luther used the printing press to spread his ideas.

Break with ChurchBreak with Church

Luther was declared a Heretic and was excommunicated.

Luther was commanded to abandon his ideas.◦He refused◦Luther went into hiding.While in hiding, he translated the Bible into German.

All common people could read bible.