Upload
dina-horton
View
225
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
The Six Kingdoms
Organisms are placed into kingdoms based on five questions
1. Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
2. Unicellular or Multicellular?
3. Producer or Consumer?
4. Does it have a cell wall or not?
5. Does it live in extreme environments?
Nucleus with DNA
DNA
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
3
1
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
1
2
3
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
1
2
3
Cell Membrane
DNA
Cytoplasm
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
1
2
3
Cell Membrane
DNA
Cytoplasm
1
2
3
4
5
Prokaryotic Cells
1
2
3
4
5
Prokaryotic Cells
1
2
3
4
5
Bacteria
No Nucleus
No Organelles
Unicellular
Microscopic
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
1
2
3
Cell Membrane
DNA
Cytoplasm
1
2
345
6
7
Bacteria
No Nucleus
No
Organelles
Unicellular
Microscopic
Eukaryotic Cells
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Organelles
Nucleus
Multicellular organisms
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Protists
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
1
2
3
Cell Membrane
DNA
Cytoplasm
1
2
5
Bacteria
No Nucleus
No
Organelles
Unicellular
Microscopic
Organelles
Nucleus
Multicellular
Protists
Plants
Fungi
Animals
• Unicellular – organisms that exist in nature as a single cell; usually microscopic
• Multicellular – organisms that are more complex; usually with tissues and organs
• Producers – (a. k a. autotrophs) organisms that can carry out photosynthesis to obtain energy
• Consumers – (a.k.a. heterotrophs) organism that eat producers or other consumers to obtain energy
Kingdom Archaebacteria
1. Prokaryote 2. Have a cell wall and some use
flagella or cilia for movement3. Unicellular 4. Autotrophic or heterotrophic5. Asexual6. Methanogens and halophiles
– Live in very extreme environments
– Only recently recognized as a separate bacteria kingdom
– Can be helpful & harmful
Kingdom Eubacteria
1. Prokaryote 2. Have cell walls and
some use flagella or cilia for movement
3. Unicellular 4. Autotrophic or
Heterotrophic5. Asexual6. E-coli & Streptococcus
– Can be helpful & harmful– Largest of the two bacteria
kingdoms & can live almost anywhere
Kingdom Protista
1. Eukaryote2. Nucleus, and many other
organelles3. Most unicellular or some
multicellular 4. Autotrophs or heterotrophs 5. Most reproduce asexually,
some sexually6. Paramecium. Amoeba, algae
– Very diverse kingdom– The “Junk Drawer”
Algae
Kingdom Fungi
1. Eukaryote2. Nucleus and many
organelles; cell walls of chitin3. Multicellular (except yeast)4. All Heterotrophs– they eat!5. Can reproduce asexually
with spores or sexually6. Examples: Mushrooms,
mold, lichens– Important decomposers– Nature’s Recyclers
Kingdom Plantae
1. Eukaryote
2. Nucleus and many organelles, cell walls of cellulose
3. All Multicellular
4. All are Autotrophs
5. Reproduce sexually with pollen or asexually
6. Trees, grass, ferns– Oxygen producers
Kingdom Animalia
1. Eukaryote
2. Nucleus and many organelles, do not have cell walls
3. All Multicellular
4. All Heterotrophs
5. Reproduce sexually or asexually
6. Examples: insects, fish, humans
– Hey! That’s You!
Bay-Breasted WarblerFeeds in the middlepart of the tree
Yellow-Rumped WarblerFeeds in the lower part of the tree andat the bases of the middle branches
Cape May WarblerFeeds at the tips of branchesnear the top of the tree
Spruce tree
Section 4-2
Three Species of Warblers and Their Niches
Go to Section:
KingdomsEubacteria
Archaebacteria
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
DOMAIN EUKARYA
DOMAIN ARCHAEA
DOMAIN BACTERIA
Section 18-3
Cladogram of Six Kingdoms and Three Domains
Go to Section:
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
CELL STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF CELLS
MODE OF NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls with peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph/ heterotroph
Strep., E- coli
Archaea Eukarya
Classification of Living Things
Section 18-3
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains
Go to Section: Protist web site
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
CELL STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF CELLS
MODE OF NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls with peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph/ heterotroph
Strep., E- coli
Archaea
Archaebacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls without peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
X-tremophiles
Eukarya
Classification of Living Things
Section 18-3
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains
Go to Section: Protist web site
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
CELL STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF CELLS
MODE OF NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls with peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph/ heterotroph
Strep., E- coli
Archaea
Archaebacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls without peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
X-tremophiles
Protista
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts
Most unicellular; some colonial; some multicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp
Eukarya
Classification of Living Things
Section 18-3
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains
Go to Section: Protist web site
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
CELL STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF CELLS
MODE OF NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls with peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph/ heterotroph
Strep., E- coli
Archaea
Archaebacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls without peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
X-tremophiles
Protista
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts
Most unicellular; some colonial; some multicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp
Fungi
Eukaryote
Cell walls of chitin
Most multicellular; some unicellular
Heterotroph
Mushrooms, yeasts
Eukarya
Classification of Living Things
Section 18-3
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains
Go to Section: Protist web site
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
CELL STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF CELLS
MODE OF NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls with peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph/ heterotroph
Strep., E- coli
Archaea
Archaebacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls without peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
X-tremophiles
Protista
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts
Most unicellular; some colonial; some multicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp
Fungi
Eukaryote
Cell walls of chitin
Most multicellular; some unicellular
Heterotroph
Mushrooms, yeasts
Plantae
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose; chloroplasts
Multicellular
Autotroph
Mosses, ferns, flowering plants
Eukarya
Classification of Living Things
Section 18-3
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains
Go to Section: Protist web site
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
CELL STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF CELLS
MODE OF NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls with peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph/ heterotroph
Strep., E- coli
Archaea
Archaebacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls without peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
X-tremophiles
Protista
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts
Most unicellular; some colonial; some multicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp
Fungi
Eukaryote
Cell walls of chitin
Most multicellular; some unicellular
Heterotroph
Mushrooms, yeasts
Plantae
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose; chloroplasts
Multicellular
Autotroph
Mosses, ferns, flowering plants
Animalia
Eukaryote
No cell walls or chloroplasts
Multicellular
Heterotroph
Sponges, worms, insects, fishes, mammals
Eukarya
Classification of Living Things
Section 18-3
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains
Go to Section: Protist web site
Section 18-3
Concept Map
are characterized by
such as
and differing which place them in
which coincides withwhich coincides with
which place them in which is subdivided into
Living Things
Kingdom Eubacteria
Kingdom Archaebacteria
Eukaryotic cellsProkaryotic cells
Important characteristics
Cell wall structures
Domain Eukarya
Domain Bacteria
Domain Archaea
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Animalia
Go to Section:
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Population
The part of Earththat contains allecosystems
Community and its nonliving surroundings
Populations thatlive together in a defined area
Group of organisms of onetype that live in the same area
Biosphere
Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass, stream, rocks, air
Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass
Bison herd
Section 1-3
Levels of Organization
Go to Section:
Organism
Groups ofCells
Cells
Molecules
Individual livingthing
Tissues, organs,and organ systems
Smallest functionalunit of life
Groups of atoms;smallest unit of most chemicalcompounds
Bison
Nervous tissue Nervous systemBrain
Nerve cell
Water DNA
Section 1-3
Levels of Organization continued
Go to Section:
Biotic Factors
ECOSYSTEM
Abiotic Factors
Section 4-2
Abiotic and Biotic Factors
Go to Section: