The Standard Fall 01

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Please permit me to introduce myself. Myname is Duane Allen. I am the MeasurementQuality Division Chair for 2000-2001. My pri -mary responsibilities as chair are to continueMQD’s organizational health and to supportthe MQD activities that support the measure -ment and quality community.

PLACE COLOR GLOSSY FRONT COVER HEREIN PLACE OF THIS PAGE

As my tenure with the MQD draws to a close Iam becoming increasingly fearful.

My experiences with the division over the pastyear closely parallel what is going on at myplace of employment today as well as what isgoing on in the Quality/Measurement field ingeneral. As I sit in my office writing this note toyou, many of my co-workers are preparing towalk out the door for the last time. The offeringof agenerous retirement package has emptiedthe offices and cubes of many of our mostexperienced professionals. My twenty years oftenure with the company now puts me in the“old man” category of employees.

The same fate has befallen our division. Manyof those pioneering individuals who started thisdivision ten years ago have moved on. Many ofthe organizations that supplied that talent haveeither downsized or disappeared. The short-age of division volunteer officers has reached

a critical point. I would like to encourage thosereading this newsletter to strongly consideroffering their time and talent to help strengthenand grow the MQD.

I would like to thank Alex, Bryan, Chris, Chuck,Dan, DeWayne, Don, Ed, Frank, George, J.L.,Jason, Joe, John, Karl, Mel, Nick, Phil, Phil,Ralph, Ray, Rolf, Ron, Sal, Steve, Tom, andAnnie-Kay for all of the assistance and supportthat they have given over the past year. I wouldlike to wish Duane the best of luck in chairingthe division in the year to come.

Take care.



The Standard Fall 2001Page 2

The StandardVol. 15, Issue 3 The Journal of the Measurement Quality Division, American Society for Quality Fall 2001

IN THIS ISSUE

Editor’s Column ................... 3A Firefighter’s Story ............. 4Metrology of a Disaster ....... 5When Terror Strikes ............. 7The Learning Curve ........... 15Contrarian Metrologist ....... 18Zen and the Art ofUncertainty Analysis ......... 20CCT Update ........................ 22Calibration TechnicianJob Analysis Study ............ 24Laboratory AccreditationBureau (L-A-B) ................... 28The Haunting Scribbleof Metrology in SeismicShifts ................................... 29Industrial MetrologyResources: An A to ZListing ................................. 29Book Review ....................... 34Membership Report ........... 34MQD Officers ...................... 36Regional Councilors .......... 36

PublicationStaffExecutive Editor &Advertising ManagerFrank VoehlSt. Lucie Press280 Lake DriveCoconut Creek, FL 33066

Tel: 954-972-3012Fax: 954-978-0643E-mail: [email protected]

Associate EditorU.S. and CanadaMark SchoenleinP.O. Box 206Perrysburg, OH 43552Tel: 419-247-7285Fax: 419-247-8770E-mail: mark.schoenlein@

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1/2 page ................................... $300Full page .................................. $550Advertisements will be accepted on a “perissue” basis only; no long term contracts willbe available at present.Advertising must be clearly distinguished asan ad. Ads must be related to measurementquality, quality of measurement, or a relatedquality field. Ads must not imply endorse-ment by the Measurement Quality Division orASQ.

Letters to the Editor

The STANDARD welcomes letters frommembers and subscribers. We offer the fol-lowing guidelines. Letters should clearly statewhether the author is expressing opinion orpresenting facts with supporting information.Commendation, encouragement, construc-tive critique, suggestions, and alternativeapproaches are accepted. Berating is notappropriate. If the content is more than 200words, we may delete portions to hold thatlimit. We reserve the right to edit letters andpapers.

Publication InformationThe STANDARD is published quarterly bythe Measurement Quality Division of ASQ;deadlines are March 15, June 15,September 15 and January 15.Input for text material by email or on 3 1/2"diskette in Microsoft Word saved in RichText Format (RTF). If it is not feasible tosend text in electronic form, clean printedtext can be submitted.Graphics or illustration material can besent in eps, tif, pict or jpeg format.

Photographs of MQD activities or peoplewould be especially appreciated.Publication of articles, product releases,advertisements or technical informationdoes not imply endorsement by TheSTANDARD or the Measurement QualityDivision of ASQ. While The STANDARDmakes every effort to ensure the accuracyof articles, the publication disclaimsresponsibility for statements of fact oropinion made by the authors or othercontributors.Material from The STANDARD may notbe reproduced without permission.Copyrights in the United States and allother countries are reserved.

© 2001 ASQ, MQD. All rights reserved.



The StandardFall 2001 Page 3

The Editor’s ColumnThe Editor’s ColumnThe Editor’s ColumnThe Editor’s ColumnThe Editor’s Column

America Fights Back: AMetrologist’ s Viewof September 11, 2001by Frank Voehl

The events of September 11, 2001, have shaken usall to the core of our beings. The horror, the devasta-tion, and the unbelievable heroism are all rolled intoone. True to our cause, it is truly a time for reflection!

—My brother Ed is an US Marshall, and he tells thestory of his friends, the heroes in the NY Police and FireRescue (NYPD and NYFD) who was racing up thestairs of the Twin Towers with 50 lbs. of equipment on

their backs while others were racing down, under-standably trying to get to safety. They were racing upto try to save some lives, despite the fact that theirs wasabout to be snuffed out; they were racing up to fulfilltheir duty, despite the fact that the buildings werecrumbling down around them; they were racing upbecause they are the true heroes in a time of chaos,men of honor in a time of horror. And now over 400 ofthem are gone; gone but not forgotten. And so wereflect upon these heroes of the horror that the Twin-Towers will always represent. And heaven itself weptfor these heroes, and all the others who put their livesbefore their safety, in order to carry out their sacredduty—to serve and protect, at all costs. But, howdifficult it is to measure their contribution, especially interms of the quality of their impact. Priceless!

For Learning! —America was unprepared for thedevastation that befell us on September 11, 2001.Others peoples and other nations have gone throughsimilar experiences: in Europe, in South America, inAsia, in Mexico—but we had not, until this past week.And now learn that we will never be the same again. Wemay be wiser, we will surely be sadder, and we havelearned what our other people around the world havealso learned: terrorism is a faceless coward hidingbehind women and children and must be dealt with andnot merely avoided. We have learned once again thatfreedom comes at a great price and is not to be takenlightly. And we have learned that united we stand,divided we fall. We knew these things, but had to learnthem over again. But, how do we measure the learningthat needs to be accomplished?

For Action! —When terror strikes, people must act,do something, get involved. All over the world, theunspeakable acts this past week moved millions ofpeople into action, and it is up to us to somehow keepthe actions going. What a wonderful opportunity for LIM

to help in a positive way, and help our cause at thesame time. What a wonderful opportunity for metrolo-gists to bring some healing to the world and advanceour cause while doing it. What a wonderful opportunityto demonstrate that—as people of measurement andpeople of quality and people of compassion—we arealso people of Action, of Reflection, of Learning.

One final thought on measurement of the economickind: when the Stock Market on Wall Street opened theMonday after the disasters, the market lost an esti-mated one and a quarter trillion dollars during theweek. Impossible to imagine? Perhaps, but not asmuch as the families of the victims lost on that fatefulday. And not as much as our nation lost in terms of ourinnocence, for we will never be the same again. Stron-ger, perhaps, and wiser, not doubt, but changed for-ever.

So this issue of The Standard is dedicated to thosebrave men and women who persevered in the face ofunimaginable fear and desolation, to do their duty, to

put their lives on the line, to be heroes forever, and toalways be remembered as true heroes are. Whenevermen and women gather to talk their tales of bravery,they will remember the heroes of September 11, theNYPD Fire and Police; and whenever stories are told ofbravery under fire, of the love for their brothers over thelove for their lives, of impossible-to-imagine courageand heart and guts, these modern day heroes willalways be remembered in songs and toasts and bal-lads of admiration. Thank you, our heroes, for showingus the way of the true warrior, the overcomer, the heartof America in the heart of a person, as we fight back thetears and move onto a better day. To you, and count-less of others unnamed but not forgotten, the articles inthis issue are dedicated with love and admiration.

Frank Voehl, Executive Editor([email protected])




A Firefighter ’s StoryBy Dennis Smith

The south tower of the World Trade Center has just

collapsed. I am helping my friends at Ladder Company16, and the firefighters have commandeered a crowded67th Street crosstown bus. We go without stoppingfrom Lexington Avenue to the staging center onAmsterdam. We don’t talk much. Not one of the pas-sengers complains. At Amsterdam we board anotherbus. The quiet is broken by a lieutenant: “We’ll seethings today we shouldn’t have to see, but listen up,we’ll do it together. We’ll be together, and we’ll all comeback together.” He opens a box of dust masks andgives two to each of us.

We walk down West Street and report to the chief in

command. He stands ankle-deep in mud. His prede-cessor chief earlier in the day is already missing, alongwith the command center itself, which is somewherebeneath mountains of cracked concrete and bent steelcaused by the second collapse, of the north tower. Nowseveral hundred firefighters are milling about. There isnot much for us to do except pull hose from one placeto another as a pumper and ladder truck are reposi-tioned. It is quiet: no sirens, no helicopters. Just thesound of two hoses watering a hotel on West Street—the six stories that remain. The low crackle of depart-ment radios fades into air. The danger now is theburning 47-story building before us. The command

chief has taken the firefighters out.I leave the hoses and trucks and walk through the

World Financial Center. There has been a completeevacuation; I move through the hallways alone. Itseems that the building has been abandoned for de-cades, as there are inches of dust on the floors. Thelarge and beautiful atrium with its palm trees is in ruins.

Outside, because of the pervasive gray dusting, I

cannot read the street signs as I make my way back.There is a lone fire company down a narrow streetwetting down a smoldering pile. The mountains ofdebris in every direction are 50 and 60 feet high, and itis only now that I realize the silence I notice is thesilence of thousands of people buried around me. Onthe West Street side the chiefs begin to push us backtoward the Hudson. Entire companies are unaccountedfor. The department’s elite rescue squads are notheard from. Just last week I talked with a group ofRescue 1 firefighters about the difficult requirementsfor joining these companies. I remember thinking thenthat these were truly unusual men, smart and thought-ful.

I know the captain of Rescue 1, Terry Hatten. He isuniversally loved and respected on the job. I thinkabout Terry, and about Brian Hickey, the captain ofRescue 4, who just last month survived the blast of theAstoria fire that killed three firefighters, including two ofhis men. He was working today. I am pulling a heavysix-inch hose through the muck when I see MikeCarter, the vice-president of the firefighters union, onthe hose just before me. He’s a good friend, and webarely say hello to each other. I see Kevin Gallagher,the union president, who is looking for his missing

firefighter son. Someone calls to me. It is Jimmy Boyle,the retired president of the union. “I can’t find Michael,”he says. Michael Boyle was with Engine 33, and thewhole company is missing. I can’t say anything toJimmy, but just throw my arms around him.

The last thing I see is Kevin Gallagher kissing afirefighter—his son.




The Metrology of a Disaster: Engineers TackleMeasurement Havoc Beneath the World Trade Center

By Dennis Overbye

On Friday afternoon in Midtown Manhattan, GeorgeJ. Tamaro, professional engineer, was holding courtamong conference tables stacked with blueprints densewith threadlike lines. He was trying to resurrect whathad suddenly become a ghost world. As a staff engi-neer for the Port Authority in 1967, Mr. Tamaro helpedbuild the World Trade Center’s basement, a 16-acre,70-foot-deep hole in the ground that until last Tuesdayhoused seven levels of shopping, parking and, at thevery bottom, the PATH train station. Now he and othersare concerned that debris from the collapse of the twintowers might be the only thing supporting the walls ofthat giant hole against the pressure of muck and waterand dirt on the outside.

Attempts to dig out the basement without properprecautions, they fear, could cause the walls to shift orrupture, leading to flooding and the destabilization ofnearby buildings. Mr. Tamaro said he had urged FireDepartment officials not to proceed with removingwreckage from the basement until engineers had fig-ured out how to do it safely. “The walls require lateralsupport,” he said. “You’ve got the Hudson River acrossthe street.” At the behest of the city’s Department ofDesign and Construction, Mr. Tamaro, an expert on

foundations who is now a partner at Mueser RutledgeConsulting Engineers, has turned his office into a“below-grade command center” to provide rescue work-ers and engineers with accurate information on thelocations of the myriad walls, passages, floors, andwater, sewer, electrical, telephone, gas, subway andtrain lines under the ruined plaza.

He and his colleagues are working closely, he said,with the Fire Department, the Port Authority and theTransit Authority, as well as with engineers from theThornton-Tomasetti Group, who are advising the cityon the condition of structures affected by the catastro-phe. Mr. Tamaro was involved in building the founda-tions of all the buildings at the trade center and theWorld Financial Center, across the street. “I’m carryingaround a mental picture, but there’s no piece of paperthat has the whole project,” he said. “That’s what we’reputting together.” He added, “It’s a complicated site.”

Mr. Tamaro said it would be some time beforeanybody could get a complete assessment of just howbad conditions were underground. Two emergencyhatches on West Street that go down to the PATHtubes, which loop through the site, are covered withrubble and possibly obliterated. But, there are hints ofthe havoc. The engineers expect to find. Water, prob-

ably from fire hoses, rain and broken water pipes, isflowing through the PATH tubes to New Jersey. Thereare 6 or 7 inches of water in the Exchange Place stationin Jersey City, which is just across the river and 20 feetlower than the trade center station, said Daniel Hahn,a former Port Authority engineer who works at MueserRutledge. He said the Port Authority was planning tocork the tunnels at Exchange Place with a pair of giantconcrete plugs. The plugs are necessary, Mr. Tamarosaid, because, if the trade center basement were toflood, water could wind through the PATH tubes backacross the river to 34th Street and then go into thesubway. “That’s not going to happen,” he said flatly.

Parts of two New York City subway lines, the 1 andthe 9, have collapsed from the north end of the com-plex—where columns and beams from 7 World TradeCenter have punctured the street and entered thesubway—to Liberty Street at the south end, accordingto David Cacoilo, a Mueser Rutledge engineer whoexplored the tunnels on Sunday. He added that theCortland Street station of the N and R lines, ablock easton Church Street, was in good shape, and trains couldbe running through it (although not stopping) relativelysoon. As if to emphasize the haphazard nature of the

catastrophe, Mr. Cacoilo and his colleagues were ableto enter the concourse of 5 World Trade Center andfound that the floor and part of the superstructure on itsnortheast corner had not yet collapsed. Yesterday Mr.Tamaro said engineers were now planning to seal offthe 1 and 9 line with a bulkhead at the south end of thetrade center and sandbags to the north to contain waterand any debris generated by the recovery and demo-lition efforts. They are also considering various strate-gies to shore up the streets over the subway tunnels sothey can safely support the heavy equipment neededfor the demolition of the trade center buildings.

Water is an old problem for the trade center. TheHudson River used to flow where it was built. WhenEuropeans first laid eyes on what would be New York,the eastern shore of the Hudson River ran along whatis now Greenwich Street, a block east of where thetrade center towers would rise. It was here that theDutch explorer Adriaen Block sank his ship, Tijger, in1613, after it had burnt. Part of that ship was foundduring digging for the IRT subway line in 1916, and Mr.Tamaro said engineers had hoped to find the rest of itduring the excavation for the trade center towers. Whatthey dug up instead, he said, was garbage, animalcarcasses, leather shoes, bottles, cannonballs, oyster




shells, timber and other debris that had been dumpedon the shore and used to extend the shoreline westover 300 years, to the other side of what is now WestStreet. Below that was river bottom, and below that wasglacial till—gravel scooped up and left by the glaciersthat once covered New York—and hardpan clay. About75 feet below the ground was mica schist, the bedrockthat defines all Manhattan geology and high-rise realestate.

According to Dr. Christopher J. Schuberth, a profes-sor at Armstrong Atlantic State University is in Savan-nah, Georgia, who is the author of a book on New Yorkgeology, mica schist is a hard, unyielding rock, 700million or 800 million years old, left over from an ancientmountain range. The glaciers “tore the daylights out ofthe rock,” scooping it out in some spots and dumpinggravel in others, he said. The schist is closest to the

surface in Midtown and at the southern end of theisland, making it easier to build skyscrapers there, anddeeper in other places, like Greenwich Village. Thepresent concern over the state of the basement arisesfrom the way Port Authority engineers got down to thatbedrock for the foundations of the two 110-story tow-ers, the Marriott Hotel and 6 World Trade Center. Tohold the river muck at bay and prevent collapses of theunstable ground during excavation, the engineers firstdug a 3-foot-wide trench 70 feet deep—all the waydown to bedrock—around the entire 16-acre construc-tion site. As each 22-foot-long section was being dug,it was filled with slurry, a mixture of clay and liquid thatcan withstand the pressure of soil trying to close thetrench. Then a cage of reinforced steel was droppedinto the slurry and concrete pumped into the trenchfrom the bottom, pushing the slurry out the top, whereit was captured and used in the next section.

It took a year, from March 1967 to March 1968, tocomplete what Mr. Tamaro calls the bathtub, a water-proof wall more than 3,000 feet long encircling theoblong excavation site. To support this wall while thebasement was being dug, bundles of long steel rodsknown as tiebacks were drilled at a downward anglethrough the wall and anchored in the surrounding

bedrock. As the bathtub deepened, tiebacks sproutedfrom its walls like wild carrot tops, pre stretched so theywould exert an outward pull on the wall. The excavationproceeded around and even under two PATH traintunnels that crossed the bathtub on the way to a stationon Church Street. “You could see the tubes hanging inthe air,” said Thomas J. Glennon, a plumbing inspectorat the site. That station was subsequently demolishedto become part of the site for 4 and 5 World TradeCenter, and the tracks were rerouted to a new terminalin the bottom of the basement. The excavated dirt,about 1.2 million cubic yards, was dumped in the riveracross the street to create land for part of Battery Park

City. Once the basement structure was done, Mr.Tamaro said, the tiebacks were cut and their openingswelded over with steel plate—partly because the base-ment floors were there to support the walls, partly toavoid having a permanent part of the structure en-croach on other people’s property, and partly becausethey serve as conduits for river water. “Each one leakswater. They leak forever, and it smells like hell,” Mr.Tamaro said. But without the floors in place to providelateral support, there is a risk that the bathtub’s wallscould collapse inward if the wreckage inside it is notremoved carefully. “You can’t just go digging next tothose walls,” Mr. Tamaro warned. He said new anchorsmight have to be installed as the debris was excavated.“We have to stage our way down,” he said, excavatinga level, putting in a row of anchors and then diggingsome more, not unlike the process they went through33 years ago to excavate the bathtub in the first place.

It will be harder this time around, he said. The drillingmachine for the anchors, for example, will have to do itswork hanging down over the lip of the hole rather thancrawling along on solid footing on the bottom of theexcavation. Mr. Tamaro thinks it may be possible to digdeeper in the center of the basement than along thewall, as long as there is sufficient debris piled up alongthe wall. But, how much deeper will depend on thenature of the debris. He declined to make a preciseestimate of how long this process might take, except tosay that it could be months, depending on how much ofthe original structure is still intact. The condition of thebathtub wall is also unknown, according to Mr. Tamaro.Despite some reports that rescue workers have re-ported seeing leaks on the walls, he thinks there isunlikely to be much water in the basement; if therewere, he says, much more water would be rushing overto New Jersey.

Martha Huguet, a spokeswoman at MueserRutledge, said the firm had not received any reports ofleaks. Nor has the Port Authority, according to a pressspokesman there. Dr. Jeremy Isenberg of WeidlingerAssociates, an engineering company that worked onthe trade center complex, said a leak would not neces-

sarily trigger a catastrophic flood, but would create aproblem of slow erosion that would complicate thecleanup and excavation. The bathtub wall is sturdy, Mr.Tamaro said. A bomb blast in 1993 took out two of thefloors, but the wall still held. The wall has a good dealof flexibility, he said, like a diaphragm.

The truth is, though, “We have no sense of thecondition of the wall around the perimeter,” Mr. Tamarosaid.



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When Terror Strikes: ASQ TestimonialsASQ has received these comments from members and friends from around the world, expressingtheir shock and condolences for the attack on America this week

Subject: Reflection. Learning, and Action:The events of the past week have shaken us all to the core of our beings. The horror, the devastation, and theunbelievable heroism are all rolled into one. True to our cause, it is truly a time for reflection!— My brother Edis a US Marshall and he tells the story of his friends in the fire rescue who were racing up the stairs of the TwinTowers with 50 lbs. of equipment on their backs while others were racing down, understandably trying to get tosafety. They were racing up to try to save some lives, despite the fact that theirs were about to be snuffed out;they were racing up to fulfill their duty, despite the fact that the buildings were crumbling down around them; theywere racing up because they are the true heroes in a time of chaos, men of honor in a time of horror. And now300 of them are gone; gone but not forgotten. And so we reflect upon these heroes of the horror that the Twin-Towers will always represent. And heaven itself wept for these heroes, and all of the others who put their livesbefore their safety, in order to carry out their sacred duty—to serve and protect, at all costs.

For Learning! —America was not prepared for the devastation that befell us on September 11, 2001. Others

peoples and other nations have gone through similiar experiences: in Europe, in South America, in Asia, inMexico—but we had not, until this past week. And now learn that we will never be the same again. We may bewiser, we will surely be sadder, and we have learned what other nations have also learned: terrorism is a facelesscoward hiding behind women and children and must be dealt with and not merely avoided. We have learned onceagain that freedom comes at a great price, and is not to be taken lightly. And we have learned that united we stand,divided we fall. We knew these things, but had to learn them over again.

For Action! —When terror strikes, people must act, do something, get involved. All over the world, theunspeakable acts this past week moved millions of people into action, and it is up to us to somehow keep theactions going. What a wonderful opportunity for us to help in a positive way, and help our cause of freedom, whilethe same time eradicating the world of the terrinle scourge of terrorism. What a wonderful opportunity to bringsome healing to the world and advance our cause while doing it. What a wonderful opportunity to demonstratethat—as Americans—we are a people of Action, of Reflection, of Learning; a people of courage with its tales of

heroes; a people of God facing the powers of hell, knowing that He is with us through it all.Frank Voehl ([email protected])Past Chair, ASQ Community Quality Counciols CommitteeExecutive Editor, The Standard (MQD Journal)Executive Editor, Vista (QMD Newsletter)

Subject: CONDOLENCEI am highly shocked of the terrible and barbarousterrorist attack perpetrated against Americancivilians.

am deeply upset and find myself with you,ASQ staff and all American people. I would liketo express wholeheartedly my sympathy withfamilies of victims and those injured.I hope soon we reach the day in which absolutelyeverybody respects human life and focuses his/ her efforts on peace, happiness and prosperityof human being.H. Aref Kashfi(Iran Country Councilor)

Solidarity with the U.S.We are stunned and horrified by the catastrophethat has just struck the United States. Our deepestsympathies are with all Americans at this moment,

and particularly with those who have beenpersonally or indirectly hit by this unimaginabletragedy.In these extremely difficult times, we want toexpress our solidarity with all U.S. people. Allof our people are thinking of them - becausethis was a crime directed against all people,everywhere.Rodolfo SteccoQuEST ForumIRAM / South American Regional Commitee TL9000 Chairman

Subject: FW: Regrets, Condolences and PrayersDear Friends,On behalf of the Quality Professionals in Trinidadand Tobago I wish to express our heartfelt sorrow,loss and deepest condolences to our colleagues,




friends, and fellow practitioners. Our prayersare with you. kindest regards,Tashreef R. Baksh ASQ Trinidad & Tobago Councilor

Subject: CondolencesIt is impossible to comprehend this horrific tragedy.The shock is overwhelming. We are still numband saddened by this violation to our friends.We offer our heartfelt condolences ....vVictoria Hailey

I’ve just come away from watching the television.No words can describe the total shock and horrorfor the lives of innocent people. We are in shock.On behalf of people this side of the Atlanticyou have our deepest sympathy.Tom Flynn

I and my colleagues at NeST offer our condolencesand share your grief on the sad happenings inthe US.Best regards,Alice Leslie Jacob

Subject: FeelingsDear friends from ASQ,The members of Israel Society for Quality andall our Israeli colleagues share in your griefand extend our deepest condolences. We are

with you in spirit and in the commitment thatour way of life will not be destroyed by theenemies of democracy who would put out thelight of freedom across both our countries. Godbless you all.Dr. Abraham Huli Dan Caldararu ISQ Chairman ISQ Liaison Officer

Dear Paul,We all have been by choked by the tragedyhappening in your country. We are all with youif this difficult period.Bertrand Jouslin de Noray

Dear Paul,I would like to express on behalf of the Boardand staff of Excellence Ireland and indeed allinvolved in the quality movement in Ireland, ourdeepest sympathies to you and to all Americanswho are in any way suffering the consequencesof Tuesday’s atrocities. As a mark of respect,Excellence Ireland will close tomorrow, Friday,to join with the rest of Ireland in a N ational Dayof Mourning We are all with you in spirit.Yours sincerely,Seán Conlan

Chief Executive Excellence Ireland Merrion Hall, Strand Road, Sandymount, Dublin 4, Ireland

Subject: All well for you?We just want to show you our feelings and deepparticipation and we hope and wish that all ofyou, your folks and friends are well after thebig World Trade disaster. Totally unexpectableeven with the wildest technical/irrational imagination.I have pleasant memories from Manhattan likemany others I had coffee at the WTC top caféin 1981, my first trip to US and I have personalphotos of the towers in the background, goingout by boat to Liberty Island, looking at the fullsize models of our ancesters arriving one centuryago through the Ellis Island “receiving inspectionsystem”, with one bag - to the land of Feedom,Inovation and Work. My wife Hilkka and my daughterLinda (23) also joined me once to Manhattanafter the ASQ Quality Conference in Cincinnati1995. My son Michael (26) and his girlfriendare both flight controllers here at Arlanda. I havenot been discussing the trauma with them, yet.They know the systems of today. We hopeeverything will turn out as well as possible againwhen time of mourning and all investigationshave been given their justified proportions.am quite shure that we all need to help in developing

fully reliable methods for the best quality ofperson identities and tracking in future international/ national flight transport systems. An idea hasappeared in my mind - please, share it if youbelieve in it: It is not enough any more to justto look for “metal pieces in our pockets” as wehave done up till now, We have to prove a longterm reliable identity: who we are and what werepresent and stand for. We have to study thehuman beings as processes - not quality byinspection. The drug processes could be bettercontrolled in the same way. But from ideas toreality we usually talk about 20 years of

development.From our office to you all,Our Deepest Regards,Hakan & Hilkka Sodersved Expira AB Six Sigma Quality Bjornidegrand 3,SE-162 46 VALLINGBY Stockholm, SWEDEN

I was truly shocked & pained to hear just nowabout the tragedy in your country. It is a veryshocking plight, our world finds itself in these

I




days when innocent people, bystanders & childrenrun the risk of such dastardly attacks.I am at a loss for words for what has happenedtoday. I pray for all of you.Patel

We at Light 97FM wanted to share the followingwords with you, written by the sixteen year oldson of a Light 97FM listener.

UNTORNWritten September 11, 2001A beautiful day, the sun shines anew Through my open window the breeze gently blew I started out alert this crisp cool morn’ My head on straight, my pride untorn I was ready for the worst that life threw at me All skies were clear, as far as I could see The day moved on and though out of my sight I heard some thunder, could my ears be right? I watched and saw as my fears came true A horrific storm came rumbling through We couldn’t hear, see or touch anymore Yet the world anticipated the coming of a war We wanted to know what happened to our world As the storm continued to lash and relentlessly unfurl Its great power, its uncanny might Its terrible destruction, its complex plight It ate our world from under our feet

The walls, the glass, every desk and seat It collapsed our buildings, our minds, our unified soul But now everything is back under our control So hold your heads up, raise your heads high Be proud of who we are, but don’t be afraid to cry Pray for everyone; past, present and for the road ahead And wave our flag proudly, America is not dead!

Subject: Re: The Events of September 11,

Here is part of the email Jack West sent to theUS TAG yesterday. I found it to be an interestingview of the events of September 11th. -I stood on a hill north of Baltimore, Marylandthis evening, in the midst of one of the mosttraveled air corridors on earth. It was a beautifulsight; an absolutely lovely sunset I shall neverforget. In the past thirty years, I have lookedfor a place in North America where there wereno contrails in the sky. I have looked for thiswith an eye toward a peaceful place to relax. Ifound it only on the eve of a day of horror.

Subject: Paz y AmistadEstimado Amigo:Mediante éste mail, quiero expresar mi masprofundo pesar por el brutal acto terrorista quesufrio el pueblo americano y por favor hagaextensivo a sus compañeros mi solidadridad. “Iwould like to express my profound condolencesfor the brutal act of terrorism suffered by theamerican country. Please extend to your fellowfriends my solidarity”.Atte. Omar H. Provenza

Subject: Dear FriendsDear Friends,This message is meant as a sincere sign ofsupport, though it can only be inadequate inrelation to the horror we saw. There are nowords to express what happened yesterday. Ihope that you, your family and friends are well .Please give me a short reply so I can be sureall of you are OK.Kind regards,Willy Ir Willy Vandenbrande, Master TQM Montpellier 34 8310 Brugge België

Dear Friends,We all here in India know that the USA was atarget of a cowardly and deadly terrorist attackon Tuesday, Sep 13.Like all American citizens,

we too are in a state of shock, disbelief andsadness. We pray for the souls of innocent peoplekilled or injured and their families. We also prayto the Almighty for a world safe from such criminalacts and that such incidents will not repeat.May God bless all of us. With best wishes fromALL MEMBERS OF STAFF AFFILIATED EAST-WEST PRESS P LTD NEW DELHI

Dear Colleagues,I saw the television coverage of the tragedy oflast Tuesday, September 11,2001, in New York,

Washington DC, and Sommerset County,Pennsylvania. It is a horrendous act againsthumanity.I offer my sympathy and condolences to thefamilies who lost their loved ones in the tragedy.May they be strong throughout this difficult ordealand able to accept gently the loss to the family.May time heal the pain.Very sincerely,Maman A. Djauhari Department of Mathematics,Institut Teknologi Bandung,Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

2001




Dear Friends,We all here in India know that the USA was atarget of a cowardly and deadly terrorist attackon Tuesday, Sep 13.Like all American citizens,we too are in a state of shock, disbelief andsadness. We pray for the souls of innocent peoplekilled or injured and their families. We also prayto the Almighty for a world safe from such criminalacts and that the such incidents will not repeat.May God bless all of us.With best wishes fromALL MEMBERS OF STAFF AFFILIATED EAST-WEST PRESS P LTD NEW DELHI

Let me say that everybody I’ve talked to hereshares your shock and your grief after the terriblecatastrophe in New York and Washington. Seeingthose pictures on television was so beyondcomprehension that we all were just stunned.I hope that you and your family, your friendsand colleagues are all right. You have my, youhave all our heartfelt sympathy. With every goodwishWenzel Stammnitz-Kim Frankfurt Book Fair Project management Frankfurt Big Questions Conference

Dear qual i ty professionals - fr iends andassociates, ASQ members/officers,I am extremely shocked and saddened to receivenews of the tragic and horrifying events thathappened in the United States yesterday. I wouldlike to express my deepest condolences andsympathies to the families of all the victims andthe people of the United States of America. We

join you in strongly condemning these acts ofterrorism. All of our thoughts and prayers arewith those impacted by the tragic events ofyesterday. Yours truly, Tony Leung from Singapore

Dear Sir/Madam,My deepest condolences for the tragedy, andmy sympathy for those families and friends wholost their loved ones. Sincerely,Wafaa Jad

From an author in RussiaIt was very sad to learn from TV news abouttragic events in the USA. Let me express thatin our thoughts and feelings we support ourcolleagues and friends.Most companies stopped to work for 5 minutestoday at 10:00 AM and we all prayed for the

victims, their families, and friends. The churchbells rang during that time all over Germany.Of course we are frightened of the future, butall Germans ... are willing to fight for the freedomof all of us. This was a declaration of war againstour democratic and open societies.”

Dear Sirs,We, all of us at JSQC, were horrified and saddenedby, as well as have been deeply shocked bythe news of the attacks that took place in NewYork, Washington DC and Pennsylvania on thisTuesday. On behalf of all the board membersof Japanese Society for Quality Control, let mesend our condolences and heartfelt feelings ofsupport to your society. We wish that none ofthe members of your society have fallen victimsto the attacks. Please accept my sinceresympathies.Sincerely yoursNoriaki Kano President Japanese Society for Quality Control

Dear Mr. Watson, Mr. Mosgaller, and Mr.Borawski,We at JUSE were all deeply shocked when weheard about the terrorists attack to your country.There are no words to properly express the sorrowand sympathy we feel. We are confident that

your country will come out of the tragedy strongerthan ever. Please convey our heartfelt condolencesand encouragements to everybody at ASQ.Sincerely,Katsuhisa Ida President & CEO JUSE

We have had news from some of you and areglad you are safe. Hope all the others, as wellas your near and dear ones are well and safe.Best regards and God Bless! All of us at QimproQimpro, Bombay

ASQ Region 3,Words cannot express the deep sadness andregret I’m sure all of us share over Tuesday’stragedy in the United States. My prayers andthoughts go out to those whose family or friendsare missing, hurt or harmed by this horrific, needlesssituation.We in Region 3 have been most impacted bythis tragedy so I have phoned most of the SectionOfficers and have heard first hand of some ofthe great suffering our members and volunteerleaders are experiencing. At this time I am unaware




of any members who have been injured or areunaccounted for, however sadly several membershave lost a loved one; to those that have, Ioffer my heartfelt sympathy to you and yourfamily. This is a difficult time for our country.But it is also times like these that ASQ members,with their dedication, spirit and determination,shine the brightest. More than ever, this is atime when our values guide us in how we respondto members and work with each other. I knowthat each and every one of you will continue toshow each other compassion, respect andunderstanding as we do what we can to supportour members and each other through this crisis.If there is anything that I can do for you duringthis time of need, please, please contact me.God Bless.Jim Spichiger ASQ, Regional Director, Region 3

With deep regret and horror we heard aboutthe terrible terrorist attacks that happened yesterdayin the USA. All TV Stations also in Germanyare still reporting. It is really unimaginable andterrible. Please be sure that we will be withyou with our hearts and our minds.Petra Czermin, DQS, Sekretariat Marketing &Kundenbetreuung and Tanja Hammer, DQS,Product Manager Automotive, Primary Registrar Contact Pers

Dear Collegues,On behalf of my friends, my family and manyquality professionals in Russia I wish to expressour sincere and deepest condolence with theterrible tragedy of this week. We all are thinkingof you and are ready to support you in anypossible way. I think that this tragedy is a turningpoint in the history of mankind. We need cooperationof all reasonable people all over the world inorder to cope against those who are not humanbeings at all. And our professional communityis a little but important part of this stream for

human integration. We are with you.Vladimir Shper, ASQ member.

Dear American Colleagues,It is very surprised to know of Tuesday’s attacksin New York and Washington DC, and thereafterhuge causalities. We would like to send deepsympathy to American people, and express ourcondolences to the death of innocent people.The attack is not just a disaster for the Americanpeople, but also for everyone in the world whocherished peace. The global community will cometogether with American people to get through

it. Let us dedicate ourselves to what a Greekssaid: “to tame the savageness of man and makegentle the life of this world. We are caring youvery much, and hope you all safe. With bestregards.Sincerely yours,Ma Lin,Secretary General of CQCA

Resolved:One of America’s most treasured freedoms isthat of speech. The Right of Assembly is closelytied to it.The strength of every nation lies in the resolutenessof its people and the management of its resources.In a democracy, those resources are managedby private citizens.We in the Quality profession are engaged inthe continual improvement of the processes ofAmerica’s assets. We exercise this responsibilityin many ways, and one of those ways is toassemble together to discuss quality issues. Ourmeetings always have a professional objectiveand are never frivolous.Therefore, we members of ASQ Section 1108are resolved to exercise our right to assemble,and to carry on our responsibility. The ASQSection meeting scheduled for today, 12 September,will proceed. To do otherwise is to yield to terrorism.God bless you all.

William A. Stimson, Chairman ASQ Section 1108 Blue Ridge

Very sorry for that disaster by terrible terrorists.I just with all you and your family and colleaguesare safe. Are you all OK? I know you are travelingback and forth. Please take care. Sincerely,Akio Miura

Boa Tarde a todos...Me desculpem pela lingua, mas creio que oque menos importa sao as linguas, as religioes,os partidos ou os times de futebol. Mediante a

tragedia, nossas diferencas sejam elas de racaou religiao sao o que menos importa. Sejamtodos solidarios as vitimas da tragedia dos EUAe possamos pedir a PAZ e principalmente queDeus ilumine os homens que serao responsaveispelos proximos passos...Celina




Hola!!!!Sorry for write this in english but at least mostof my speaking spanish friends could read this.Why I’m writing this to you all, I don’t know, issomething that it’s deep in my heart and for meis important to share.All this day I’ve been in certain way l ike a mastwithout a sail, like an explorer without a compass,I’ve been asking God for all the people thatpassed away this morning and all his relativesand friends that are in a deep, deep pain andsadness..... my only question, and I believe thesame for all of you, was “Why this happens???”.....and the answer is “because it happens”. Theonly true fact is what all we see and hear onthe news, internet, phone calls, e-mails, talks,......,and the silent tears we all feel. I’m asking Godto light the hearts and souls of all the worldleaders who are after the people responsiblefor these actions, if they fight with hate andanger that’s what they will get, I hope their actionsspeaks with lots of love. Love is the true effectiveweapon against all the hate and anger that madethis happened. Perhaps I sound too sentimentalistand philanthropic, but for me is the right thingto do and my own fight against these sentimentsand actions. God bless you all and keep prayingJose Domínguez

Dear Friends,

I can´t understand what are you living. Whatwe are seeing by CNN scared. It´s awfull. We join on your prays. Feel me close of your heartsin this hard time.Carlos Felix Rocha

All of you and the families of the victims are inour prayers. America is a great nation and I’msure that like in the past you will recover ofthis tragedy, because the horror of terrorismwill never touch the foundations of your country,more than a 100 years of democracy and freedom.The whole word joints you against terrorism.

Eduardo Pena

This message comes from Ma Lin, the SecretaryGeneral of the China Quality ControlAssociation,Dear American Colleagues,It is very surprised to know of Tuesday’s attacksin New York and Washington DC, and thereafterhuge causalities. We would like to send deepsympathy to American people, and express ourcondolences to the death of innocent people.The attack is not just a disaster for the Americanpeople, but also for everyone in the world who

cherished peace. The global community will cometogether with American people to get throughit. Let us dedicate ourselves to what a Greekssaid: “to tame the savageness of man and makegentle the life of this world. We are caring youvery much, and hope you all safe. With bestregards.Sincerely yours,Ma Lin,Secretary General of CQCA

Dear FriendsWe all here in India know that the USA was atarget of a cowardly and deadly terrorist attackon Tuesday, Sep 13. Like all American citizens,we too are in a state of shock, disbelief andsadness. We pray for the souls of innocent peoplekilled or injured and their families. We also prayto the Almighty for a world safe from such criminalacts and that the such incidents will not repeat.May God bless all of us. With best wishes fromALL MEMBERS OF STAFF AFFILIATED EAST- WEST PRESS P LTD NEW DELHI

Please receive the Spanish Team condolencefor the distressing tragedy occurred yesterdayin the USA. Because in Spain we’ve sufferedthe consequences of terrorism, we understandbetter than anyone the desolation felt as a humanbeing after the terrible events and the lost of

so many innocents caused by the madness ofa few. I know the horror will never be forgottenbut the American People are strong of spiritand I’m sure that more than ever the USA willstruggle jointly with the world to eradicate terrorismfrom earth. I hope that despite the shock, everybodyin the ASQ will be O.K. kind regards from Spain!Belen.Coordinator Qms - Quality Management School

On behalf of Pakistan Institute of Quality Control.I would like to convey my heartiest condolence

to you, your Government and the people of UnitedStates. Although we cannot share the agonyand suffering of your nation, but we condemn,terrorism of all sorts, around the world andspecifically this tragic incident. Please conveymy heartiest condolences to your managementand staff and lets hope that your nation willovercome this tragedy real soon. With best regardsImranulla Shariff

To: My American ASQ’s ColleaguesAt this time, we should all remain sensitive tothe feelings of American families, our ASQ’s




colleagues and ourselves anywhere. Even thoughthe vast majority of us have not been directlyimpacted, we all have been affected in someway, specially in our hearts. The totality of thesuffering inflicted on innocent people throughthese senseless acts is still beyond belief. Ourhearts and prayers go out tothe victims andtheir families. We hope that those heroic individualsas they begin the long and painful process ofhealing and moving on with their lives.Edmar Lopes Faleiros Brazilan ASQ member

Dear friends, we are so sorry!We would like to be able to hold all the Americanpeople in this moment. Be sure that all of usare praying to Godness to be at your side andmake these terrible nightmares disappear. Oh,Lord, how bad can the human being think andact! We kiss you,. It’s all we can do, unfortunately.It’s unbelievable! God bless you and America.Mara Brazilian Society for Quality Control

I just wanted to relay some information to aboutDavid Levy, a Deputy RD here in Region 3.David worked in the South Tower of the WTCand was in the process of evacuating when theplane struck the building. He is safe but is goingthrough a healing process. He told me that he’ ll

never forget the sight of seeing a body falling,the burning cars, the war zone look and theplane tail protruding from the North Tower. WhenI spoke to him, this tragedy became a little morepersonal to me.Jim Spichiger, RD Region 3

Hello.Receive, please, my sincerest condolences forenormous losses American people recently suffered.Nicolae Dragulanescu Romania

We all the staff of Infotech Standards India Pvt.Ltd. are deeply shocked on unimaginable tragedycaused by terrorist on innocent citizens of USA.We the all are whole heartedly sympathised withthose who have lost their lives and are injured.We hate this act of terrorist and stand uniteadlyto face such incident.INFOTECH STANDARDS INDIA PVT. LTD.New Delhi INDIA

Dear all,I am drawn to write to you on this your nationalday of mourning. Our thoughts are with you.Words cannot express them. We, in the UK,mourn with you at this time. We, in the UK,too, I am sure, will be beside you in the inevitableresponse that will surely follow in the days ahead.God bless America !Bill Truscott

Subject: Condemnation of the Barbaric Actin New YorkHonorable members of ASQ and Respected USCitizens,I wish to express my deepest sympathies forthe victims of the barbaric act in New York,Washington and Pennsylvania. I would term itas a world crisies since the whole world hasbeen shaken by the terrible consequences ofthe horrendous acts committed on US soil. Justicedemands that appropriate actions should be takento eradicate such evil from taking roots in anyplace of the world by removing the root causesof such terrible actions.I hate to think that as the world is supposedlycoming closer due to technological advances,such barbarism can become the reason for driftingfurther apart. This atrocity is testing the resolveof the world in standing united against the scourgeof terrorism and we must not let it sway us

from our path of becoming one on such coreissues of concern.My heart goes out to the American Nation andall the other Nations, that have lost their bestand the brightest. I hope this moment of griefwould strengthen us even further in our commitmentto uphold the very best tenets of humanity.With a Sad Heart,Murad Salman Mirza

I just wanted to relay some information to aboutDavid Levy, a Deputy RD here in Region 3.David worked in the South Tower of the WTC

and was in the process of evacuating when theplane struck the building. He is safe but is goingthrough a healing process. He told me that he’llnever forget the sight of seeing a body falling,the burning cars, the war zone look and theplane tail protruding from the North Tower. WhenI spoke to him, this tragedy became a little morepersonal to me.Jim Spichiger, RD Region 3




Hello.Receive, please, my sincerest condolences forenormous losses American people recently suffered.Nicolae Dragulanescu Romania

We all the staff of Infotech Standards India Pvt.Ltd. are deeply shocked on unimaginable tragedycaused by terrorist on innocent citizens of USA.We the all are whole heartedly sympathised withthose who have lost their lives and are injured.We hate this act of terrorist and stand uniteadlyto face such incident.INFOTECH STANDARDS INDIA PVT. LTD.New Delhi INDIA

Dear all,I am drawn to write to you on this your nationalday of mourning. Our thoughts are with you.Words cannot express them. We, in the UK,mourn with you at this time. We, in the UK,too, I am sure, will be beside you in the inevitableresponse that will surely follow in the days ahead.God bless America !Bill Truscott

Subject: Condemnation of the Barbaric Actin New YorkHonorable members of ASQ and Respected US

Citizens,I wish to express my deepest sympathies forthe victims of the barbaric act in New York,Washington and Pennsylvania. I would term itas a world crisies since the whole world hasbeen shaken by the terrible consequences ofthe horrendous acts committed on US soil. Justicedemands that appropriate actions should be takento eradicate such evil from taking roots in anyplace of the world by removing the root causesof such terrible actions.I hate to think that as the world is supposedlycoming closer due to technological advances,

such barbarism can become the reason for driftingfurther apart. This atrocity is testing the resolveof the world in standing united against the scourgeof terrorism and we must not let it sway usfrom our path of becoming one on such coreissues of concern.My heart goes out to the American Nation andall the other Nations, that have lost their bestand the brightest. I hope this moment of griefwould strengthen us even further in our commitmentto uphold the very best tenets of humanity.With a Sad Heart,

Murad Salman Mirza Senior Consultant Pakistan Institute of Quality Control

Re: There are no words, condolence on behalfof Canadian ASQ members and friends.As we struggle to find the words to express oursorrow and the meaning in the tragic events ofthe past week, our hearts and thoughts are withall those affected. Many Canadians offered aid,support and turned to their faith looking for wordsof wisdom, comfort and explanation. Prayerswere said for the victims of the terrorist attacks,their friends and families, the world and communityleaders now facing the challenges ahead. Weprayed for peace, reconciliation, forgiveness andlife.Barry W. Colby Deputy Regional Director and Community Quality Council Chair,Region 4, Canada

I have had the pleasure to deal with you in thepast, and I wish to convey my deepest sympathyto ASQ and to all American for the tragedy sufferedon 11th September 2001. Kind regards;Ana M. C. Dema Pretoria - South Africa

Sep 11 for the countries like us is another normal

day, but for United States of America is theday of national calamity. We all shock to hearthat kind of despicable attack. God will blessthe people with justice, not evil. We are confidentthat your country will recover in no time andcontinually responsible for the enforcement ofpeace. Hope you, your company and your familiesare not affected too much by this event andeverything is going well with you.Best regards,Stone Chen, President Kaohsiung Brothers Products Corporation




The Learning CurveThe Learning CurveThe Learning CurveThe Learning CurveThe Learning Curve

This is the thirtieth in a contiguous series of oftentimesrambling, sometimes somewhat less that comprehen-

sible, but usually to the pointefforts to maintain a runningdiscourse on our chartered the-sis of Metrology Education . Inusual irreverent manner we at-tempt to continue in our usualformat, an open letter to ourBoss, the Most Illustrious Ex-ecutive Editor of this somewhat

periodic newsletter.Phil Painchaud

Dear New Boss:

It has been nearly five months since I wrote that lastcolumn consisting largely of a detailed description ofthe proposed curriculum for the projected Bachelor ofScience in Quality Assurance with a MeasurementScience Option at the California State University—Dominguez Hills. I promised at that time to keep you allinformed of the progress of getting it underway at thebeginning of the academic year in the Fall of 2001. I am

embarrassed to report that nothing has happened, andsince the 2001-2002 academic year has already be-gun, there is no possibility that the program will getunderway this Fall. We, the Curriculum Advisory Board,thought, during the past two years, we had developedconsiderable experience in dealing with Academia.How wrong we were!

No one in the hierarchy appears to be against theprogram and what we have proposed—but none in thehierarchy so far will take the first step towards imple-menting it. Implementing it within the University aca-demic structure is the one thing we cannot do forourselves. We must wait until all of the vacations,sabbaticals, holidays, safaris, seminars, etc., are over.Hopefully we might commence in the Spring of 2002,but more practically during the Fall Semester.

I have had a few, disappointingly few, inquiriesabout the program. That brings me to another topic,telephone messaging. Some folks write to me, someFAX, some e-mail. These are all fine and have theadvantage of giving me a hard copy to cogitate over.Some prefer to telephone, and that is wonderful, as Ihave made many new friends through those conversa-tions. BUT, since I lost my partner nearly two years ago,I am often not here to receive calls and must rely on an

answering machine. No one yet that I know of has builta high-fidelity answering machine—they all have fouror five different kinds of distortion all working at thesame time. You are lucky if you can get the messagestraight under the best of conditions.

Back in the “Golden Days of Radio” we had severalcommentators who were known for their ability tospeak very rapidly (Floyd Gibbons, Lowell Thomas,Walter Winchel, etc.), and then of course there are thetobacco and cotton auctioneers. Far too many folkswhen talking to an answering machine try to outdo allof these worthies. They act as if the machine is goingto jump through the phone and bite them if they speakslowly enough to be intelligible.

I had one call a few weeks ago from a young ladywho appeared to be desperate for information con-cerning the Dominguez Hills program that was asnearly unintelligible as it might possibly be able to get.Three of us played it back at least a dozen times. Hername was lost, but appeared (we think) to be Latino.We think she claimed that she was with the HumanResources operations of a corporation that is inter-ested in sending (X number) students to attend theprogram. Her company name was lost completely, aswas its location. We thought we had deciphered herphone number, but our decoding proved to be a “nosuch number.”

Please, I beg of you, whenever you are speaking toan answering machine, mine or anyone else’s, speak

SLOWLY AND DISTINCTLY, enunciate each wordcarefully, and do not speak in a monotone. Much of theintelligibility of our spoken communications is trans-ferred in the way we accent our speech. I will repeat afavorite expression of a former business associate ofmine: “The problem with communication is the illusion that it has been accomplished.”

If that young lady I mentioned above reads this andrecognizes our problem and will again try to contact meeffectively, I shall be only too happy to furnish her withwhatever information she requires.

Generally I do not condone the re-running of col-

umns previously published; however, I am going tomake an exception here. After talking (or otherwisecommunicating) with dozens of my readers over thepast eight years, it has become obvious that largenumbers of them, if not the vast majority, are newcom-ers to this Division, this publication, this column, andeven to Metrology. Hence, they have never read manyof the early LEARNING CURVE columns in which thischarter and theme were developed. They are unawareof how it all came about and why.

To attempt to rectify this, I shall now quote selectedportions (not all) of the first of these columns written in




the Fall of 1993 for the Winter Issue of THE STAN-DARD. (NOTE: The Editor I refered to in these quota-tions is the former Executive Editor, Mr. DeWayneSharp, not the present Executive Editor, Mr. FrankVoehl.)

A couple of weeks ago your Editor and I were sitting in his living room doing what in Medieval Times was known as ”hurling camel dung” at each other, when he brazenly suggested that, “Why don’t you do an article for the MQD NEWSLETTER?” –– “What could I possibly write about that anyone else might be interested in?” I replied modestly. “Modesty doesn’t become you!,” was his surly reply to my honest question.

With that we got down to business. “I don’t think that I want to do a single article,” I thought aloud, “because once done, even tho’ it might invoke a few replies,because before long your article, your proposal, how you stand on the subject, etc., are soon forgotten. Then someone else, who obviously has never learned to read, starts reinventing the wheel all over again, and again, and again. Think back 25 years—how many articles have you and I and several hundred others written on subjects like ‘The necessity for regular periodic calibration,’ or ‘Calibration recall intervals,’ or ‘Should the same technicians calibrate as well as repair?’ etc.? Obviously nobody has read them for they are still writing articles and arguing about the same topics we thought that we had put to bed a quarter century ago.”

“Well what would you like to do?” he asked of me and then went on, “I wish that you would do something useful for once!” – “Ok, Ok! As you should know by now, a pet peeve of mine for some time has been has been the lack of a concise, logical, uniform approach to metrology education.”

“Good! Then do a paper on metrology education.” – “No good!” I replied, “For the reasons I just gave you.” – “Ok, then what will you do?” asked my portly bearded host.

“Well, if you haven’t grown too senile with your advancing age, think back just two years to the IEEE I&M Conference held right here in beautiful downtown San Jose. There, we sponsored a thing called a ‘Panel Discussion’ (but it wasn’t really a panel in the usual sense) on the subject of ‘Metrology Education as Viewed from the Executive Suite.’ I pulled together a ‘panel’ of executives from industry, academia, and government. I had them each first present a compre- hensive ‘Position Paper,’ and then, instead of discussing the topic just between themselves, as is usual with conventional panels, under the tight control of a moderator, we had an open discussion involving the audience, not just the usual question and answer session.It was run more like a classical colloquium than a

conventional panel session, but not quite. You ought to remember it, you were one of my ‘shills’ planted in the audience priming the discussion! We ran six hours of sessions and maintained the highest average atten- dance level for any sessions for the entire Conference.We drew panelists from as far away as Britain and attendee/participants from Europe, Asia, and even Australia and New Zealand.”

“Yes, I remember that Panel, it was pretty good,” replied your Editor, “but what has that got to do with the ‘price of onions in Peacedale’?” “You bet it was good,so good in fact that it inspired my Moderator, Fred Hume, V-P of Keithley Instruments, to write what he called a ‘White Paper’ as a summary of the ideas brought forth during those six hours. His ‘White Paper’ has been published and republished many times over since then.”

“What I am thinking is, maybe we can do the same thing in print. Not an article or even a series of articles which can often times get very boring. Not a column with the same guys hogging the soapbox each issue.Not a collection of ‘Letters to the Editor,’ uncontrolled and usually tangential to the subject. But, rather let’s have a portion of the Newsletter devoted to the subject of Metrology Education with regular ‘Position Papers’ by anyone who cares to write one, especially articles from the more prominent and articulate members of our community. We can solicit rebuttals and supportive papers, letters, memos, and even scrawled notes from anyone who cares anything about metrology education, either pro or con. With an incitive paper or article every once in awhile, we can get controversy going and that will get our people thinking; hopefully move the lethargic ones; and I hope generate lots of letters and articles.” “That sounds good to me, I’ll make room for it somehow,” replied our Editor.

“Oh my big mouth! What have I gotten myself into now? And I thought that I had retired!” – Well fellow members of the MQD, that is what transpired in a certain living room in San Jose California on the evening of September 28, 1993. And I am stuck with it—at least for now.

Most important, we need your inputs, rememberthis is not supposed to be a monologue by me, I thinkI am a (semi?) retired metrologist, not a practicingmonologist. We will need papers, and articles related toMetrology Education, either pro or con: Articles show-ing the necessity for formal training; Letters bemoaningthe lack of it; Learned treatises from academic theoristssupporting the thesis that metrology education shouldnot or does not need to exist. (Sound crazy? Well, Iactually had an engineering department head of a veryprominent state university once tell me directly thatmetrology does not exist. His exact words were, “Me-




trology is a non-subject, and hence it cannot be dis-cussed!”) Discussions of how detailed mechanicallyshould metrology training be, i.e. should Metrologycurricula be limited to the training in the manual as-pects of calibration and repair procedures, or rathershould it encompass a broad spectrum of physical andchemical disciplines and with a heavy emphasis on themathematical approaches of Dimensional Analysis,Error Analysis, and the Design of Experiments?

(Columnist Note: I am still waiting for the firstpublishable input. There have been a few “Let-ters to the Editor,” some not bad, but in eightyears not a single contributed article for inclu-sion in this column. – pap)

Now just to get the ball rolling (and to incite), let meexpress some of my own pet theories concerningmetrology education (you can be sure that I will beaccused of attempting to bias future discussions to-wards my own ideas, but I assure you that I will not.):

1. I firmly believe that Metrology can and should betaught as a separate and distinct scientific (notengineering) discipline and not as part of, nor as aspecialization option to, any other scientific or engi-neering discipline. By that I do not mean that theMetrology candidate need not be well based inthose disciplines. Nor conversely, do I mean thatstudents in those other studies should not havesome grounding in Metrology. Quite to the contrary,I feel that every Metrology candidate should have a

very broad background in depth in Mathematics,Physics, and in Chemistry.

Maybe I need to explain that last statement; I haveoften been asked to do so by others. I don’t believe thatany of you will argue about the Mathematics require-ment. Mathematics is the basic quantizing and ma-nipulatory tool that is fundamental to all scientific work.But, what about Physics and Chemistry? EspeciallyChemistry? — I look at it this way— Before you canmeaningfully measure anything, you need to knowsomething about that something you are attempting tomeasure and as well about the media in which you areattempting to measure that something. — There areonly two physical things that you can measure;Energy and Matter . Physics is the science of Energyin all its forms, and Chemistry is the science of Matterin all its forms. — Ergo, an intensive and extensivebackground in Mathematics, Physics, and in Chemis-try are mandatory for the training in as well as thepractice of Metrology.

I know that this thesis does not jibe with certainrather rigid beliefs held by some classic academics, butI believe that they are dead wrong. Many of thesepeople claim that, at best, Metrology may be taughtonly as an integral part of some other subject such as

Physics, or Electrical Engineering, Analytical Chemis-try, or what have you. I don’t believe it!!! — Nowchallenge me on this, in writing, and for publication inthis column.

2. Another of my incitive theories: — Metrology, theScience of Measurement, should only be taught atthe baccalaureate and higher levels,— We shouldnever be teaching it at the trade school or theterminal training levels (i.e. Where the training isdesigned to turn out a finished product rather thanas preparatory for admission to a higher level insti-tution.)

By this I am not advocating that we don’t have aneed for technicians and other lower level personnel.But rather, I feel that, if we always start MetrologyEducation with a target of baccalaureate or higherfinished products, the fallout alone will provide all thetechnician level personnel that our community canpossibly absorb and that product will be of much higherquality as they will have during their training beenexposed to much higher objectives. The customaryobjectives for the usual terminal training are much toolow and cannot possibly inspire that intensity of dedica-tion and professionalism that the true practice of Me-trology at any level requires of all its practitioners.

— Go on challenge me on this one!!! Call meanything you like. Idon’t even care if you spell my namecorrectly. Just get the address correct, so that it arriveshere and we can publish it. Now again, with the danger

of being overly repetitious, we need your articles onany aspect of Metrology Education—from any view-point—in any form—of any length.

Your dissertations on Metrology Education shouldbe sent directly to me; anything else pertaining to thisNewsletter should be sent to the Editor, NOT TO ME!!

How do you reach me? (You mean after all theseyears there is still somebody in the Metrology Commu-nity who doesn’t know how to contact me?):

Phil Painchaud1110 West Dorothy DriveBrea, CA 92821-2017Phone: (714) 529-6604Fax: (714) 529-1109E-mail: [email protected] or:

olepappy@JUNO,com




The Contrarian MetrologistThe Contrarian MetrologistThe Contrarian MetrologistThe Contrarian MetrologistThe Contrarian MetrologistMaking Your Assessor Happy – Part 3

by Philip Stein

Beginning two columns ago, I began a never-end-ing project to describe how to keep your assessorhappy – some details that I might look for whenassessing a calibration laboratory for accreditation toISO/IEC 17025. I discuss some of the little tricks thatmake all the difference in the world when makingprecise measurements, and so far have discussed DC/ LF and RF measurements. Today, let’s discuss dimen-sional issues.

Measurements of linear dimensions are accom-plished by a wide range of instruments, from stabilized

lasers to steel rulers. Each of these approaches isappropriate for its respective range of application, andeach approach has different details and consider-ations in order to make meaningful measurements.

The uncertainty budget for every dimensional cali-bration must begin with an analysis of temperature. AsTed Doiron of NIST is fond of reminding us, the bestdimensional metrologist is the person with the bestthermometer. In order to make good (not even great –

just plain good) dimensional measurements, a tem-perature-controlled environment is necessary. Let’s doa few quick back-of-the-envelope calculations to seewhy.

A typical one-inch gage block will have a specifica-tion of one inch give-or-take a few microinches. Fourmicroinches deviation from nominal is typical. Thethermal expansion coefficient of gage steel is about 11or 12 ppm per degree C, so the block will vary full-scalein about 1/3 of a degree C. The typical approach to thisproblem involves having very good temperature con-trol of the room (but 1/3 of a degree C is amazinglydifficult), and even better temperature control of thestandard and the UUT. Large thermal masses withgood conductivity, such as thick Aluminum plates areput to good use to allow both the standards and the

unknown to ‘soak’ for a longtime so that they will be veryclose to the same tempera-ture as each other, even ifthey’re not exactly the sametemperature as the room.Since the comparator devicemeasures the difference be-tween standard and unknown,it’s more important that thetwo be close to each otherthan that they be any particu-lar temperature.

For longer blocks, temperature is even more impor-tant. The pickiest labs have little thermistor probes tostick to the blocks so that the exact temperature can betracked.

Of course there are other secondary issues here,but assessors may not have to pay attention to them ifthe claimed uncertainties are not overly ambitious. Thecoefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of unknown andstandard may be different. The calibration of the envi-ronmental control and the local temperature monitorsmust be consistent (and traceable, for accredited work).

The temperature (and sometimes humidity) distribu-tion in the room must be known since the sensors aren’tusually everywhere you need them.

There are many other possible influence quantitieswhen measuring gage blocks, but we should move onto other dimensional measurements.

Dimensional hand tools and simple bench toolssuch as micrometers, calipers, snap gages, and indi-cators are usually simple enough to budget. Almostinvariably, the resolution of the UUT is far and away thelargest uncertainty contributor. It’s not the only thing tothink about, though. Micrometers are definitely the

most difficult tool for a lab. In addition to calibration ofthe scale, measurements must be made of the flatnessand parallelism of the anvil and spindle. These are hardto do without the right tools, and sometimes requirequite a bit of training to properly carry out. There areseveral different ways, some involve feel, and othersinvolve interpretation of fringe patterns on an opticalflat. In addition, the measurement of the linearity of thescale must be done at distances that are achieved atdifferent angles of the spindle. If you measure the scaleevery tenth of an inch, for example, that will alwayshappen when the spindle is at 12 o’clock, and drunken-ness of the lead screw will not be observed.

Calipers must be checked for four different measur-ing ‘stations’ if they are available on that particular tool.Outside measurement, inside measurement, depthrod, and ‘shelf’ (the latter is the offset of the slide andthe stationary member viewed from behind the scale.This distance is used for measuring the height of stepson a gage). The four different stations must each onlybe calibrated once, and then the scale checked atseveral other lengths using only one of the stations.Since all stations travel together, only one needs to becalibrated at different positions.




Dial indicators should be calibrated as they arecarefully moved in the positive direction to preventbacklash from interfering with the answer. Backlashmay be separately checked if desired.

Well, that’s enough for this time. Maybe next issueI can talk about pins, plugs, rings, and other diametermeasurements.

Philip Stein is a metrology and quality consultant inprivate practice in Pennington, NJ. He holds a master’sdegree in measurement science from The GeorgeWashington University, in Washington DC, and is anASQ Fellow. For more information, go towww.measurement.com.

Philip Stein, A2LA Lead Assessor, is a Past Chair of the MQD, a past member of the Board of Directors of ASQ, and is an ASQ Fellow

ZEN AND THE ART OF UNCERTAINTY ANALYSISby ChrisGrachanen

Ever since ISO’s ‘GUM’ 1 first sent ripples across the

communal measurement pond, one of the most com-monly asked questions from people working the mea-surement trenches is, ‘Why?’ Why should measure-ment uncertainties be computed if tolerances are al-ready given? Why are Test Uncertainty Ratios (TURs)considered inadequate for expressing measurementuncertainties? Why should I bother with computingrelatively infinitesimal measurement uncertainties whenthe vast majority of measurements I perform use stan-dards that are decades more accurate than the devicesbeing tested? Why should I devote my time and energyto learning to compute measurement uncertaintieswhen most of my customers couldn’t care less andwould prefer to chuck it out the window rather than tryto decipher it? Why, why, why? These are pertinent,nagging questions that tend to get answered with theproverbial “Cuz the $$&%##$% says we gots to, so wegots to.” The following is an attempt to elaborate on the‘cuz.’

THE WARM FUZZYUncertainty, when assigned to a measurement, is

an indication of the quality of that measurement. It isinteresting to note here that a thesaurus related word

for quality is competence. Measurements by them-selves are subjective in nature. When an acceptancecriterion such as a tolerance is assigned to a measure-ment it becomes easier to objectively evaluate thatmeasurement in regard to a particular application, butthat alone does not give the whole picture. Considerthe story of the walrus and the car painter. A walrusbrings his car in to get it painted. The car painter uponcompleting the car steps back to admire it and per-ceives it as being of exceptional quality. The walrus, onthe other hand, stares at the newly painted car andexpresses disapproval of what he perceives as being

a poor-quality paint job. Who is right at this point is

purely a subjective matter. With the use of an agreed-upon acceptance criteria, say no more than two un-painted spots greater than one mil square, determiningthe quality of the paint job should then be relativelystraightforward, or is it? Let’s go back in time andprovide the walrus and the car painter with the agreed-upon acceptance criteria and let each use the sameruler. After completing the car, the car painter takesabout ten seconds to determine if any unpainted spotsare greater than one mil and finds none. The walrus,wanting to make sure he get his money’s worth, spendsa whole thirty minutes inspecting the car and findsthree unpainted spots greater than one mil square.Both the walrus and the car painter inspected the samecar using the same acceptance criteria with the sameruler, yet the walrus’s inspection proved a more truthfulassessment of the car’s actual condition. If given adescription of each inspection, most would agree thewalrus’s inspection is the one that gives a ‘warm fuzzy’feeling. Stated a little differently, the walrus’s inspec-tion provided a higher confidence in the belief that thereis a higher probability of detecting unpainted spots.Such is the case when a measurement is assigned anuncertainty. The assigned uncertainty gives a ‘warmfuzzy’ as to the probability of a particular measurementfalling within a specific interval; e.g., tolerance. Thewalrus and the car painter dispute were eventuallysettled by a certified ISO 9000, Guide 25 approvedarbitrator.

APPLES AND ORANGESMeasurement uncertainty analysis provides us with

a standardized means to assimilate an ensemble ofvarious types of measurement uncertainties. Revisit-ing our thesaurus, we find the word ‘understand’ listedfor ‘assimilate’ and ‘as a whole’ listed for ‘ensemble.’




Combining the two references we get ‘understand as awhole,’ a very good description of what uncertaintyanalysis attempts to provide in regard to a measure-ment. Measurements typically are comprised of seem-ingly unrelated uncertainty components. Transformingthese uncertainty components into a common formatallows them to be congruently evaluated. Consider thefollowing scenario of two favorite sons running forpresident (both from states starting with letter ‘T’). Onthe campaign trail, candidate number one promises tocut taxes for each taxpayer by the equivalent of onehundred-millionth of Bill Gates’ reported net worth.Candidate number two, not to be outdone, promises tocut everybody’s taxes by an amount equivalent to onehundred times what it takes to fill the tank of one ofthose gas guzzling SUV(s). To Joe Public, one hun-dred-millionth of anything, no matter how big, has to bevery small. On the other hand, Joe Public figures onehundred times twenty gallons (the average fuel capac-ity of a SUV), at a dollar per gallon, would mean a twothousand dollar tax cut (100 x 20 x $1 = $2000).Primarily based on this latter analysis, candidate num-ber two wins the election. Two years later, during asenate subcommittee investigation, it is learned thatcandidate number two interpreted SUV to mean ‘SodUtility Vehicle,’ (i.e., lawn mower), not ‘Sport UtilityVehicle.’ Given a lawn mower’s average fuel capacityof one gallon, candidate number two’s tax cut reallyamounted to $100 (100 x 1 x 1$ = $100). The investi-gation also revealed that candidate number one’s

proposal would have meant a $1000 tax cut ($100billion divided by 0.1 billion yields $1000). By trans-forming both candidates’ proposals into like formats,e.g., dollars, each can be evaluated on an equalfooting. Such is the case with measurement uncer-tainty analysis. By transforming different uncertaintycomponents (percentages, parts per million, standarddeviations, etc.) into what is known as standard uncer-tainties, i.e., changing apples and oranges to grape-fruit, it becomes easier to perform individual and groupevaluations, comparisons and analysis. Currently, can-didate number two is under indictment by the senatesubcommittee regarding his interpretation of the phase

‘insignificant foreign campaign contributions.’

I SAY TOMATO YOU SAY POTATO

4

In 1977, due to the lack of international consensusregarding expressing measurement uncertainty, CIPM 2

requested BIPM 3 to make recommendations whichCIPM2 approved and referred to ISO 4 which setup TAG

5 which in turn established WG 3 6 and drafted the‘GUM,’1 the basis for NIST TN 1297 and ANSI/NCSL Z-540-2-1997. From these rather quaint and humblebeginnings, modern measurement uncertainty analy-

sis was born. Gone are the sacred cows of systematicand random uncertainties which so many of us cut ourteeth. No longer is it OK to ‘measure with amicrometer,mark it with a piece of chalk and cut it with an axe,’ butrather ‘set it up with an interferometer, lay it out with aphoto mask and etch it away with plasma energy.’ Soin a word, our uncertainty world changed for the sakeof ‘harmony’ as pushed and shoved by technology. I’mbeginning to hear that 70ish song ‘I’d like to teach theworld to sing in perfect harmony’ echoing in my head.So why can’t we all just get along? In our internationalworld of commerce and trade, unless uncertainties areuniformly expressed, they can be contributing factorsto flawed designs, defective hardware, inequitableexchanges, waste and unfair competitive advantages.Speaking a common uncertainty language, in muchthe same way as using SI 7 units, allows measurementsto be universally understood and better managedwhich indubitably impacts the bottom line and ourbosses’ dispositions.

BRING ON THE GRUBISO ‘GUM’1 uncertainty analysis is rapidly hitting homein the measurement trenches, its methodologies be-coming the status quo for most, if not all, measurementuncertainty analysis. So dust off those pocket protec-tors, break out the erasers and warm up those RPN 8

calculators–we could be in for a bumpy ride. Many of uswill reluctantly take the plunge simply ‘Cuz the$$&%##$% says we gots to, so we gots to’ and othersfor purely masochistic reasons. Whatever the reason,one thing is certain, the sooner we slay thisJabberwocky, the sooner, ‘Callooh! Callay! We’ll eattoday, like cabbages and kings.’1 ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in

Measurement2 Comite International des Poids et Mesures3 Bureau International des Poids et Mesures4 International Organization for Standardization5 ISO technical Advisory Group on Metrology6 Working Group 37

Systeme International d’Unites8 Reverse Polish Notation




The Haunting Scribble of Metrology in Seismic ShiftsBy Tom Zeller

The grand physical imprint of a disaster is often afleeting thing. Shattered glass is swept, gaping blackholes mended; snarls of steel and mortar raked. But,subtle and perhaps more harrowing inscriptions re-main, including one that was quietly etched into exist-ence some 25 miles from lower Manhattan and theterrorist attacks that toppled two skyscrapers.

Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Ob-servatory in Palisades, N.Y., has been monitoring themetrology of seismic activity in the northeastern UnitedStates since the early 1970’s, and at 8:46 a.m. lastTuesday, its needle wiggled. Eighteen minutes later,another twitch. A third—this one a bit stronger, more

sustained—followed at 9:59 a.m. And precisely 29minutes after that, a final pulse.

Then it was over.

“In this field, we often have to look at seismogramsand know that these waves represent the deaths of alot of people,” said John Armbruster, a scientist at theobservatory. “The sad thing is that usually we’re deal-

ing with anatural event like an earthquake.” The seriesof tremors generated by the unfolding attacks at theWorld Trade Center was relatively small. The finalcollapse delivered a mild Richter blow not unlike themini-quake some New Yorkers might have felt earlierthis year—a mere bump, in seismic terms. And bothevents scratched fairly low-ranking, albeit lasting testa-ments to the speed, amplitude and duration of theirrumbling.

But the quake’s reading, for all of its dramatic peaksand valleys, is really little more than a mindlessscribble—dumb, unknowing, without purpose. Thetower’s imprint, on the other hand—less rapid and not

as deep—seems a sad, sinister tracing of intent andtragedy.

“An earthquake is something that gets out of theearth and into abuilding,” Mr. Armbruster said. “But thisevent began with a building, was caused by humanactivity, and a subsequent effect leaked into the earth.”

Certified Calibration Technician (CCT) Program UpdateIn July 2001, Professional Examination Service(PES) performed two preliminary data collection activi-

ties in preparation for conducting a CCT job analysisworkshop. First, PES conducted a review of availableliterature describing the work of calibration techni-cians, including curriculum materials and job descrip-tions. Second, PES conducted telephone interviewswith 10 subject-matter experts.

Interviewees were highly experienced, having anaverage of 17.5 years of experience in the field ofmetrology, and represented a diversity of work set-tings, including industry, government, and consulting.The interviews were conducted using a script designedby PES and reviewed and approved by the CCTcommittee chair. After describing their own work situ-ation, interviewees were asked the following corequestions:

1. If you were going to design a course of study for newcalibration personnel at your facility, what subjectswould you include in the curriculum?

2. Describe the knowledge base that a generalistcalibration technician would need, regardless ofwhether they worked in a government or industrysetting.

3. What eligibility requirements should candidates meetin order to take the new Certified Calibration Tech-nician examination in terms of training, educationand/or experience?

4. Do you believe some type of proficiency testingshould be required as part of the Certified Calibra-tion Technician program?

Phone survey information was compiled and dis-seminated in order to provide a jumping off point for theCCT job analysis workshop participants. The followinggive a flavor of the major topics compiled from thephone survey:

General MetrologyStandards and traceabilityQuality concepts/proceduresStatistics and experimental designUncertaintyMetrology system managementPhysicsMathematicsChemistryPhysical/mechanical calibrationThermodynamicsDimensional calibration




Time and frequency calibrationElectrical calibration technology and proceduresSpecialized calibrationsEligibility requirementsProficiency Testing

The CCT job analysis workshop was conducted onAug. 2 nd and 3 rd immediately following the NCSL Inter-national conference in Washington DC. Pat Muenzen,a psychometrician from PES, conducted the workshopwith representatives from the following companies/ organizations:

US ArmyUS NavyUS MarinesUS Air ForceNCSL InternationalE = mc3 SolutionsRock Valley CollegeEssco Calibration LabElectroRentTranscat Calibration ServicesMetrology ConsultantCompaq Computer Corporation

A variety of unique brainstorming techniques wereemployed to help define a proposed CCT body ofknowledge (BOK). This proposed BOK will be at theheart of a CCT mail survey. The diverse backgroundsof workshop participants help insure that academic,industry and governmental agency viewpoints are well

represented. Group dynamics was lively, and all par-ticipants engaged freely in the exchange of informationand ideas.

As of this writing (2 nd week in Oct.), the BOK com-piled from the CCT job analysis workshop and thephone interviews have been finalized for the CCT mailsurvey. The CCT BOD data have been reviewed,categorized and weighting assignments given for eachitem in the survey vehicle. Coordination of a ‘test drive’of the draft survey is in the works in order to get valuablefeedback before etching the final survey in stone. This‘test drive’ is critical to insure content and flow is ontarget for the intended audience. The test drivers arecomprised of ‘on the bench’ calibration practitioners;i.e., calibration technicians. Once the draft survey iscompleted, final changes will be made as applicable. Itis planned that approximately 750 final CCT mailsurveys will be sent out to calibration practitioners.

Prior to sending the CCT mail survey a ‘tickler’correspondence will be sent alerting participants of thepending survey. The survey participants are in theprocess of being identified from ASQ’s membershipdatabase as well as NCSL International’s membershipdatabase with the focus on the following job titles:

Cal TechCal TechnicianCalibration and Repair TechnicianCalibration and Validation TechnicianCalibration Laboratory TechnicianCalibration Repair TechnicianCalibration Service TechnicianCalibration TechnicianDimensional Calibration TechnicianDimensional Cal TechElectronics/Metrology TechnicianInstrumentation TechnicianMeasurement Calibration TechnicianMetrologist/Calibration TechnicianMetrology Laboratory TechnicianMetrology TechMetrology TechnicianPMEL TechPMEL TechnicianPrecision Measurement Equipment LaboratoryTechnicianPhysical Dimensional Calibration TechnicianPhysical Dimensional Cal TechStandards TechnicianTMDE Technician

Note that engineer, supervisor and manager job titlesare intentionally left out as the focus of the CCTprogram is on mid-level calibration technicians. It isanticipated that the mass mailing of CCT surveys will

be hitting participant mailboxes later this month.To learn more about the MQD’s CCT program visit

the MQD website or E-mail the CCT committee chair-man at: [email protected].

ASQ’s Measurement Quality Division is proud to bethe divisional sponsor for the ASQ’s CCT program.

If interested please E-mail MQD’s committee chairat: [email protected].

Chris GrachanenASQ MQD Certification Committee Chair




Summary of Telephone Interviews and Literature Reviews:

Calibration Technician Job Analysis Study

Conducted on behalf of the

American Society for QualityMeasurement Quality Division

600 N. Plankinton Ave.Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201

Conducted byProfessional Examination Service

Department of Research and Development475 Riverside Drive

New York, New York 10115

July 2001




BackgroundIn Jun,e 2001, the American Society for Quality (ASQ) Measurement Quality Division contracted withProfessional Examination Service (PES) to conduct a job analysis study of calibration technicians. Thegoal of the study is to identify and validate the knowledge and skill requirements for the job – thusestablishing the empirical foundation for developing a certification program for calibration technicians.

ProceduresIn July, 2001, PES performed two preliminary data collection activities in preparation for the conduct of a job analysis workshop in August, 2001. First, PES conducted a review of available literature describingthe work of calibration technicians, including curriculum materials and job descriptions. Second, PESconducted telephone interviews with 10 subject-matter experts.

Participants in the telephone interviews were recruited by the chair of the Certified Calibration Technician(CCT) committee. Interviewees were highly experienced, having an average of 17.5 years of experience inthe field of metrology, and represented a diversity of work settings, including industry, government, andconsulting. The names and affiliations of the 10 participants appear in Appendix A.

The interviews were conducted using a script designed by PES and reviewed and approved by the CCTcommittee chair. After describing their own work situation, interviewees were asked the following questions:

1. If you were going to design a course of study for new calibration personnel at your facility, whatsubjects would you include in the curriculum?

2. Describe the knowledge base that a generalist calibration technician would need, regardless of whether they worked in a government or industry setting.

3. What eligibility requirements should candidates meet in order to take the new Certified CalibrationTechnician examination in terms of training, education and/or experience?

4. Do you believe some type of proficiency testing should be required as part of the Certified CalibrationTechnician program?

ResultsResults of the two data collection activities are presented on the following pages. A preliminary draft bodyof knowledge is presented on pages 2 to 5. This list was derived from responses to telephone interviewquestions 1-3 and from the literature review. It is intended serve as a starting point for discussion at the

job analysis workshop. Feedback regarding interview question 4 (regarding eligibility requirements) andquestion 5 (regarding proficiency testing) appear on page 6

Calibration Technician Preliminary Body of Knowledge

General Metrology meters, indicating devices)History and evolution of metrology Scientific notationBasic units of measurement for length, mass, time,temperature, flow, electrical quantities, etc. Standards and traceabilityInternational System of Units (SI) ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty inConverting measurements between metric and English Measurement (GUM)units ANSI/NCSL Z540-2-1997 American National Standard Definition of and distinctions between resolution, for Expressing Uncertainty—U.S. Guide to the Expressionaccuracy, and precision of Uncertainty in Measurement ,Sources/types of measurement error (e.g., environmental ISO 17025 General requirements for the competenceconditions, inspector error) of calibration and testing laboratories ,Standard test and measurement equipment (e.g., scales, Concepts of intrinsic standards, primary and secondary




standardsProcedures and requirements for establishing traceabilityto standards

Quality concepts/proceduresQuality function deploymentStatistical process controlFailure mode effects analysis

Statistics and experimental designBasic statistics (e.g., mean, variance, standard deviation,confidence intervals)Types of distributions (e.g., normal, rectangular,triangular)Design of experimentsSampling

UncertaintyConcept of measurement uncertaintyType A and Type B uncertaintyCalculation/analysis of measurement uncertainty

Metrology system managementMethods to establish calibration intervalsGage selection considerations such as characteristicto be measured, required accuracy, etc.Concept of gage traceability between different levelsof standards (e.g., primary, secondary, working)Requirements for establishing and documenting

traceability to specific standardsCalibration and test procedure development/writingCalibration discrepancy reporting proceduresEnvironmental/facility factors affecting measurement(e.g., temperature, humidity, noise, grounding,cleanliness)Safety issues/concerns (e.g., electrostatic devices,hazardous materials, combustibles)Gage repeatability & operator reproducibilityInterpreting electrical and mechanical blueprints,technical manuals & schematics, wiring diagramsPCs/computers skills (word processing, spreadsheets,databases)

PhysicsMechanics, both static and dynamicFluid dynamicsThermodynamicsProperties of waves, including light and soundElectricity: inductance; capacitance; resistance;frequency; power; ac and dc voltage, current, andcircuits; Ohm’s law; Kirchoff’s rulePower measurements (volts, amps, watts and howthey relate to each other)Transistor circuits and digital circuitry

Electronic circuit analysisFrequency, amplitude and phase measurementsTypes of modulationElectromagnetism

MathematicsAlgebraTrigonometryCalculus

ChemistryChemical bonds, effects of combining chemicals

Physical/mechanical calibrationProcedures to calibrate equipment/devices/instrumentsthat measure/record/indicate:

Weight (e.g., scales and balances)DensitySpecific gravityForce and tensionTorqueVibrationFlow: liquid and gasSoundAirspeed

Sources of error in physical/mechanical calibration

ThermodynamicProcedures to calibrate equipment/devices/instrumentsthat measure/record/indicate:

TemperatureDew pointHumidityPressureVacuumPneumatic pressure

Sources of variability affecting thermodynamicmeasurements (e.g., temperature, humidity, barometric

pressure)

Dimensional calibration

Procedures to calibrate devices/instruments that measure:LengthAngleRoundnessSurface finish

Instrumentation (e.g., gage blocks, calipers, micrometers)Sources of error in dimensional calibration (e.g.,temperature)

Time and frequency calibrationProcedures to calibrate equipment/devices/instrumentsthat measure time and frequency




Electrical calibration technology and proce- Sources of “noise”Electromagnetic compatibility analysisduresElectromagnetic interference

D/C and low frequency voltage and current calibration Electrical safety (grounds, shielding)D/C and low frequency resistance, capacitance, and

inductance calibrationInstrumentation (digital multimeters, oscilloscopes, Specialized calibrationsspectrum analyzers, ammeters, frequency counters) Calibration of telecommunications devices, includingPower attenuation wireless communication testingPower supplies Microwave and high frequency calibrationVoltage regulators Digital radiofrequencyLogic analyzers Chemical calibration (e.g., pH calibration, specific ions, gasLow end signal generators and liquid chromatography)Accelerometers Electro optics calibration (e.g., colorimetry,Digital voltmeters densitometry, radiometry, photometry, and spectroscopy)Thermocouples Radiac calibrationPower curvesThermal transfer standard devices

Eligibility requirements

All 10 interviewees felt that eligibility requirements should consist of a combination of education andexperience. Their recommendations are summarized below.

Education ExperienceHS diploma/GED 4 – 5 yearsCertificate from accredited program/PMEL 3 – 4 yearsAssociate’s degree 2 – 3 yearsBachelor’s degree 1 – 2 years

Proficiency Testing

All participants felt that including proficiency testing in the certification program was an excellent idea.At the same time, all recognized the administrative impracticality of doing so.

In lieu of actual proficiency testing, two participants suggested the development of an experience inventoryor checklist that examination candidates would complete as part of the application process. The checklistwould document the range of calibrations the candidate had performed on the job.

Appendix AParticipants in Telephone Interviews

Name Title/Firm Alan Brust Quality Manager – GE Corp. R&D NYAudie Jackson Metrologist – BIC USA CTDave Moser Sr. Mfg. Eng. Specialist – Hamilton-Sundstrand ILDennis Maginnis Lab Manager – Transcat MAJack Derrenberger Engineering Technician – US Army TMDE Support Center MDJanine Bond 6-Sigma BB – GE Industrial Systems Solutions GAJeff Gust Staff Engineer-Metrolog y – Verizon Logistics INJim Smith Quality Engineer – GE Instrumentation Svcs ILJohn Wehrmeyer Sole Proprietor – Quality Consulting NYKevin Sollis Electronic Svc. Group Supervisor – Electrorent GA




Laboratory Accreditation Bureau (L-A-B)

L-A-B INTRODUCTIONOn September 17, 1999, a new accreditation body

opened its doors to serve the laboratory community byoffering accreditation services to the new ISO/IEC17025 standard.

L-A-B has successfully served laboratories withinnovative programs to permit the achievement ofaccreditation in a cost effective manner with the re-quirements strictly applied. The management of L-A-Bcomes with many years of experience.

COMPANY FOCUSThe emphasis of L-A-B has, and will continue to be,

one of cooperation, service, cost effectiveness andefficiency while maintaining the highest level of stan-dards the laboratory and its client communities de-serve.

L-A-B’s web site [www.L-A-B.com] provides valu-able links to organizations of interest, documents toaide the laboratory in its accreditation and procedures,policies and program descriptions, which benefit thoseseeking answers to many of the most asked questions.

MANAGEMENTBob Levine, Managing Director of L-A-B and previ-

ously Sr. Vice-President, Underwriters Laboratories,has thirty years of international experience in confor-mity assessment.

Lynne Neumann, Technical Manager, has twentyyears working in laboratories, participates on commit-tees in the US and abroad, is an evaluator for NACLA,a member of the writing group authoring the ISO/IEC17025 standard, and is currently on the working groupwriting the ISO 17011 for accreditation body manage-ment.

Effective May 14, 2001, Charles (Chuck) Ellis be-came Program Manager-Calibration. Chuck had beenone of L-A-B’s more than seventy assessors and is wellknown for his knowledge of measurement uncertaintyand calibration and a founder of the National Associa-tion for Proficiency Testing (NAPT).

To obtain further information about L-A-B:Phone: (847) 564-9660 Fax: (847) 564-8120E-mail:[email protected]: www.l-a-b.com

STAND OUT ABOVE THE RESTWith the most valued

s ervice your clients require!

Provide the credentials that show that your lab operates in accordance with the InternationalStandard for Accreditation of Laboratories – ISO/IEC 17025.

Contact Laboratory Accreditation Bureau (L-A-B) to achieve the responsive and respectedaccreditation you deserve.

Contact L-A-B now! Phone: (847) 564-9660 Fax: (847) 564-8120 E-mail: rlevine@l-a-b .com

Visit our Website: www.L-A-B.com




Book Review(Book Review provided by Frank Voehl)

“Jack: Straight From the Gut”

By Jack Welch with John A. Byrne Reviewing the memoirs of Jack Welch, Joseph

Nocera, the executive editor of Fortune notes: “Lastyear, in what would be his last full year as the chairmanand C.E.O. of General Electric, Jack Welch received apay package from the G.E. board of directors worth$125 million.” Welch’s compensation is mentionedright up front at the start because somebody has to andit is a sign of the times.

In the 479 pages that make up Welch’s autobiogra-phy, which Nocera says is “misleadingly titled,” Welch“never gets around to bringing it up himself. He never

reflects on whether even a C.E.O. as great as he wascan possibly be worth that kind of money. To put itanother way,” Nocera says, “when confronted with atopic that might have actually made his memoir inter-

esting, Welch runs in the other direction. Then again, judging by the evidence at hand, writing somethinginteresting was never very high on Jack Welch’sagenda.”

In Nocera’s view, “Welch is almost a caricature ofthe C.E.O. mind-set. His memoir recounts the barefacts of a life and nothing more. The meat of the bookis Welch’s description of trying to effect change at G.E.Still, what sticks with you about ‘Jack’ is not so muchWelch’s story itself, but the way in which the tellingreveals unintended truths about the teller. His egocen-trism is everywhere on display; there is a sense through-out that everyone and everything is supposed to orbitaround his sun.”

Although this book is not exclusively for the metrolo-gist, it is recommended to any of us who would like tounderstand a little better the mind of the CEOs we aredealing with every day.

Industrial Metrology Resources: An A to Z ListingProvided by Frank Voehl, Editor

The following listings are being provided as a service to the readers of The Standard. The nameslisted do not represent an endorsement of these organizations and their services and are beingprovided for informational purposes only. The websites listed represent a cross-section of over 50

of the most popular industrial metrology resources and are based upon the best available dataas of May, 2001.

* Advanced Surface Technologies, Inc.Provides contract measurement services (profilometry and stress analysis) and system sales fora variety of metrology instruments.http://www.profilerservice.com

* Advanced Witness Systems Ltd.Torque calibration instruments and software, torque transducers, force and load measurements,torque consultancy.http://www.awstorque.co.uk

* AKO Inc.Manufactures torque wrench calibration systems, digital torque indicators, torque transducers,precision torque transducer calibration systems, torque standards from 0 to 100 Oz.In. to 0 to150,000 Lb.Ft. with 0.1% accuracy and 10,000 minimum count or divisions per transducer. Developedmuch-imitated hand torque wrench calibration system.http://www.akotorque.com

* Analytical TechnologiesFilm thickness control systems.http://www.filmthickness.com






* Engineered Inspection SystemsManufacture Veritest for fastener sorting as well as inspecting build wire per UL requirements.Also, Simple Eddy to detect cracks in scuba cylinders.http://www.engineeredinspection.com

* Engineering Metrology ServicesCommercial industrial coordinate measurement services and software.http://www.engr-metr.com

* European MetrologyExports instruments for use in control and in workshops for mechanical industries, aeronautics,cars. Located in Southern France.http://www.european-metrology.com

* Integrated AerosystemsHighly accurate force measurement equipment for engine test facilities and thrust stand test cells,wind tunnels, weight and center of gravity systems.http://www.intas.com

* Master Metrology, Inc.Calibration and repair services of electronic, mechanical, and dimensional measuring and testequipment.http://www.mastermetrology.com

* Metrology Hellas S.A.Provides services in the calibration and repair of instruments, test equipment, complete productionlines for industry, shipyards, armed forces, laboratories, government. Training and seminars.Special tests for developing final products. Representation and sales in Greece.http://www.metrology.gr

* Metrology PlusOn-site inspection to print or CAD file, reverse engineering, and portable CMM Sales.http://www.metrologyplus.com

* Metrology WorldInternet portal and marketplace for the measurement, inspection, and quality industries.http://www.metrologyworld.com

* Michigan Metrology3D Surface texture finish roughness and wear measurement and analysis for industry.http://www.michmet.com

* Nederlands Meetinstituut

Independent group of companies active in measurement, cali bration, testing, certification, trainingand consulting related to metrology and technology.http://www.nmi.nl

* Pharmaceutical Calibrations and InstrumentationPCI - provides quality calibrations for manufacturers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnologicalindustries.http://www.pci-llc.com

* Precision Devices, Inc.Manufacturer of instruments for measuring surface finish, surface roughness, surface texture androundness.http://www.predev.com




* Precision Measurement Equipment LaboratoriesFor and about PMEL instructors and technicians, site includes Home page and e-mail links.http://www.pmel.org

* Precision Measurements, Inc.Full-service calibration laboratory provides NIST-traceable calibrations of metrology instruments,field test instruments, mechanical instruments, and process controls.http://www.calservice.net/pmi

* Prime TechnologiesComputer based systems to be retrofitted with metrology and material testing machines. Gear,contour, profile projectors, hob, roundness, pitch, roll, testers.http://www.primetechnologiesindia.com

* Pro-MicManufactures and markets mill roll measurement systems in a range of configurations; assessoriesand software. Customers incl. steel, aluminum, paper, plastic, film and magnetic media manufacturingand support industries.http://www.pro-mic.com

* Protrol Instrumentation LtdIndependent laboratory providing calibration sales, hire and repair of electrical, temperature,humidity, pressure, torque, mass, force and dimension measuring instruments.http://www.protrol.co.uk

* R.A. Electrical ServicesRepairs and calibrates electronic test equipment; designs and manufactures specialized test apparatusfor various industries; on-site calibration program. Most electrical and physical parameters covered.http://www.raelectrical.com/default.htm

* ScientechManufactures analytical balances and laser power measurement devices.http://www.scientech-inc.com

* Scientific Computing InternationalProvides thin film metrology systems, thin film design software, and material characterizationtools to the semiconductor and optical coating industries.http://www.sci-soft.com/Metrology.htm

* Sedco Precision Measuring EquipmentDistributor and manufacturer’s representative, specializing in the sale, service, calibration andrepair of precision measuring equipment.http://www.sedcosales.com

* Self Calibration Resource CenterConsultant offers information and assistance in self-calibration, or more specifically positional ordimensional self-calibration. This refers to the use of an imperfectly calibrated measuring instrumentand one or more imperfectly calibrated measurement artifacts to improve the calibrations.http://www.selfcalibration.com

* Spec GroupMetrology services with complete cGMP documentation and N.I.S.T. traceable for pharmaceuticaland process industrial companies.http://www.specgroup.com






* Xytek IndustriesOffers environmental testing services for aerospace, aircraft, automotive, electronics, and medicalindustries, and to the military and scientific communities.http://www.xytektesting.com

* Yankee Controller ServiceProvides industry with quality process instrumentation sales, calibration, services, training.http://www.yankeecontroller.com

Measurement Quality DivisionAmerican Society for Quality

Executive Council Meeting MinutesOctober 11, 2001

2:00-3:30 pm Central Standard Time

The meeting was called to order by Duane Allen, Chairperson. The meeting was conducted viaprearranged telephone conference call.

Distribution: MQD Officers as listed in the Spring/Fall “Standard”

Present for the Meeting were:Duane Allen–ChairNorm Belecki–Simmons ScholarshipJoseph Filipowicz–SecretaryChristopher L. Grachanen–Certification and

NCSL RepresentativeBernie HighlandAnnie Kay Erby-Newell-ASQ Representative

of the Measurement Division

Thomas Pearson–Website ManagerMark Schoenlein–Past ChairpersonJonah SteinPhil Stein

Karl F. Speitel–Auditor and Region 2 CouncilorSamuel Windsor–Vice Chair for Regions

Discussion at the phone conference was as • With the disruptions surrounding the Septemberfollows: 11 th disaster, it would be difficult to get twenty

1. Cancellation of Measurement Quality Conference speakers together.

September 13, 2001 • Norm Belecki proposed a motion that the• Norm Belecki discussed that there was a conflict Measurement Division Conference be

with another conference cancelled; seconded by Karl F. Speitel; carriedby unanimous vote






Measurement Quality Division OfficersChairDuane Allen .................. U.S. Navy, P.O. Box 5000, Code MS11, Corona, CA 92878-5000 909-273-4783 V

e-mail: [email protected] 909-273-4599 F

Past ChairmanMark Schoenlein ........... Owens Illinois Plastics Group, One SeaGate 29L-PP, Toledo, OH 43666 419-247-7285 Ve-mail: [email protected] 419-247-8770 F

Chair ElectOpenVice Chair for RegionsSamuel Windsor ............ Filltronic Comtek 410-341-7751 V

31901 Comtek Lane, Salisbury, MD 21804 410-341-0330 Fe-mail: [email protected]

TreasurerColleen Gadbois ........... 535 N.W. 112 th Ave., Portland, OR 97229-6116 503-646-1380 V

e-mail: [email protected] 503-646-1380 FSecretaryJoseph Filipowicz .......... Alliance Compressors

715 Oakland Dr., Natchitoches, LA 71457 318-356-4570 Ve-mail: [email protected] 318-356-4570 F

AuditingKarl F. Speitel 14 Kalleston Drive, Pittsford, NY 14534 716-385-1838 H

e-mail: [email protected] L. Grachanen..... Manager, Standards Engineering

P.O. Box 692000 MS070110, Houston, TX 77269-2000 281-518-8486 VCompaq Computer Corporation, Corporate Metrology 281-518-7275 Fe-mail: [email protected]

ProgramsKeith Conerly ................ Dow Chemical Co. 517-638-7058 V

e-mail: [email protected] 517-638-6928 FMembership

Kathy Hoath .................. Superior Technical Training 616-957-7750 V2419 Brook Dr. S.E., Grand Rapids, MI 49512 616-318-9001 Ce-mail: [email protected] 616-957-7751 F

EducationOpenPublicationsJ.L. Madrigal .................. Oxford Worldwide Group 801-374-1790 V

1045 South Orem Blvd., Orem, UT 84058 801-374-1790 Fe-mail: [email protected]

Newsletter EditorFrank Voehl ................... St. Lucie Press, 280 Lake Drive, Coconut Creek, FL 33066 954-972-3012 V

e-mail: [email protected] 954-978-0643 FHistorianS.D. (Sal) Scicchitani 203 Golf Club Drive, Langhorne, PA 19047

e-mail: [email protected] Committee RepresentativeDan J. Harper ................ 535 N.W. 112 th Ave., Portland, OR 97229-6116 503-646-1380 H

e-mail: [email protected] 503-646-1380 FNCSL RepresentativeChristopher L. Grachanen..... See Certification

Simmons ScholarshipNorm Belecki ................. 7413 Mill Run Dr., Deerwood, MD 20855-1156 301-869-4520 H

e-mail: [email protected] ManagerThomas A. Pearson ...... Thomas Pearson Consulting

9818 Gulfstream Court, Fishers, IN 46038 317-507-5358 Ve-mail: [email protected] 317-849-2341 F

Please notify the editor of any errors or changes so that this list can be updated.



890-3748


REGIONAL COUNCILORSRegion 1

Joseph Califano , Hemagen Diagnos-tics, Inc., 40 Bear Hill Road, Waltham,MA 02154 • (417) 890-3766, FAX (617)

Region 2 Karl F. Speitel , 14 Kalleston Drive,Pittsford, NY 14534 • (716) 385-1838

Region 3 Eduardo M. Heidelberg , CarterWallace, 61 Kendall Dr., Parlin, NJ08859 • (609) 655-6521, FAX (609)655-6736

Region 4 Alex Lau , Imperial Oil, 111 St. ClairAve W, Toronto, Ont, Canada M5W-1K3 • (416) 968-4654, FAX (416) 968-5560, E-mail: [email protected]

Region 5 Open

Region 6 J.L. Madrigal , Brigham Young Univ.,Dept of Statistics, BYU, 222 TMCB,Provo, UT 84602 • (801) 378-7357,FAX (801) 378-5722, E-mail: [email protected]

Region 7 Rolf B.F. Schumacher , Coast QualityMetrology Systems, Inc., 35 Vista DelPonto, San Clemente, CA 92672-3122• (949) 492-6321, FAX (949) 492-6321

Region 8 Frank Weingard , Actco Metrology Ser-vices, 202, Westview Dr. Meadville, PA16335 • (800) 382-0393, FAX (814)337-8288, E-mail: [email protected]

Region 9 Dr. Henrik S. Nielson , HN MetrologyConsulting, Inc., 5230 Nob Lane, India-napolis, IN 46226 • (317) 849-9577, E-mail: [email protected]

Region 10 Open

Region 11Raymond Perham , Michelin Tire Corp.,Rt 4 Antioch Church, P.O. Box 2846,Greenville, SC 29605 • (864) 458-1425,FAX (864) 458-1807, E-mail:[email protected], orhome E-mail: [email protected]

Region 12 Donald Ermer , University of Wiscon-sin Madison, 240 Mechanical Engineer-ing Bldg., 1513 University Avenue,Madison, WI 53706-1572 • (608) 262-2557

Region 13 Thomas A. Myers , Bellevue Univer-sity, PMP, CQM, 1000 Galvin Rd. S.,Bellevue, NE 68123 • 1-800-756-7920ext. 3714, FAX (402) 293-2035, E-mail: [email protected]

Region 14 Chuck Carter , C.L. Carter, Jr. & Asso-ciates, Inc. 1211 Glen Cove Drive,Richardson, TX 75080 • (972) 234-3296, FAX (972) 234-3296, E-mail:[email protected]

Region 15 Bryan Miller , Champion International,Inc., P.O. Box 189, Courtland, AL 35816• (205) 637-6735, FAX (205) 637-5202

Region 25 Nouman Ali Khan , Descon Engineer-ing Ltd, 38 Sir Agha Khan III Rd., Lahore54000, Pakistan • V 92-42-6365134,FAX 92-42-6364049, E-mail: [email protected]

Please notify the editor of any errors or changes so that this list can be updated.

REGIONAL MAP




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