THE STUDY OF SCIENCE AND REFERENCE TEXTS: TEXT BOOK 2By Wayne Griswold © copyright 2006, all rights reserved.Because I was flooded with information through my studies and because I was hopping from one project to another, my work confused most people. This is why I have decided that the greater good would come out, if I produced a text book and took one piece at a time and put them together in a logical format.

Too My Wife ThanksWhen the student, studies the old text books I know that these texts included experiments, that were conducted that would upset the EPA, and the board of health to name a few, in this day and age.I recommend the study of DYNAMIC CHEMISTRY, written by Harry C. Biddle and George L. Bush. The book was copyright in © 1937, by the Rand McNally & Company. Some of the references come from this book.

Avogadro’s Law, Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain an equal number of molecules, so equal volumes of gases, such as oxygen, hydrogen, and steam contain an equal number of molecules. So when two atoms of hydrogen unite with one atom of oxygen they form a molecule of water, the number of molecules in the quantity of water, volume for volume, is reduced when the water turns into steam. I believe that these numbers are off on the gases.)

Amedeo Avogadro, (1776-1856), was an Italian physicist and chemist. His research in molecular structure was one of the early steps leading to modern atomic theory. In 1811 he published the important hypothesis, now known as Avogadro’s Law. Comments are taken from the New Standard Encyclopedia, standard educational corporation Chicago / 1982.John Dalton, (1766-1844) early in life began a study of the atmosphere. He wanted to discover whether it is a mixture or a compound. If it is a mixture he asked, why does not its heaviest gas, carbon dioxide, settle down to the earth and leave hydrogen as the topmost layer Dalton also tried to determine whether the atoms of all elements are alike in size and weight. After many experiments, he decided that the atoms of the same element are alike, but that the atoms different elements are unlike. (Quote)

A STANDARD FOR RELATIVE WEIGHTSOxygen, the measuring stick, there is nothing strange or uncommon about relative measurements. In fact, all measures are relative. They show the relation of one thing to another. So when the topic of volume is used, it normally refers to different elements weighed or measured in identical volumes. For purposes of calculating the relative weights of molecules a molecule of oxygen has been chosen as a standard measuring unit

1

Corresponding to one foot, the foot the yardstick all came from relative numbers. It has been given a weight value of 32. Since there are two atoms in a molecule of oxygen, each atom has a weight value of 16. The two numerals 32 and 16, as well as all the other weights of molecules and atoms are simply convenient numbers. They do not represent the weights on any actual weighing machine or scales. This is because they are merely relative-that is, they merely show the relation of one to another. The use of 32 for the molecular weight and 16 for the atomic weight of oxygen, however, makes possible a convenient scale for the atomic weights of all elements.

We have to remember though, a liter of oxygen weighs 1.429 grams, on a weight scale. Times, 1.429 X 22.4= 32.0096

Thus 22.4 liters, weighs 32.0096 grams on a weight scale. Because the O2 molecule under STP was weighed half of that is 16.0048 grams. (Quote)

The course in GENERAL CHEMISTRY, written by William Mc Pherson and William Edwards Henderson Fourth Edition, Ginn and Company copyright © 1933, is one I would recommend as a reference book. Indications brought about in the early years show not every scientist was happy with Avogadro’s number, Page 111 of the book states, the law of Dulong and Petit. As early as 1819 Dulong and Petit discovered a relationship between the atomic weights of solid elementary substances and their specific heats. Their generalization was of special service in fixing upon the multiple of the combining weight which correctly represents the atomic weight at a time before the acceptance of Avogadro’s principle. These investigators found that the atomic weight multiplied by the specific heat gives an approximate constant whose value is about 6.4. This is called the atomic heat of the elements. By the specific heat is meant the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a gram of the solid substance one degree. Evidently the approximate atomic weight of an element will be given by the equation.Atomic weight = 6.4 divided by specific heat.

Accurate determination of atomic weights, we have seen that Avogadro’s principle is only approximately true. Consequently the molecular weights of gases as determined by experiment are usually subject to error of a few tenths of 1%. The portion of nitrogen is 22.41. Of the various gases is therefore subject to about the same error, as will be seen from the values in the preceding table. All that these figures tell us is that the true value is very near 14. The smallest combining weight can be very accurately determined by the analysis of any of these compounds, and is found to be 7.004. It is therefore evident that the accurate atomic weight is twice this value, namely, 14.008. (Quote)

.

Historical note for nearly fifty years following the announcement of the atomic theory chemists were busy trying to find some authoritative principle that would be a guide to deciding which one of the combining weights theories of an element is its true atomic weight. They were unwilling to accept Avogadro’s principle as a guide, partly because there was little direct evidence for its truth and partly because it seemed to involve a number of contradictions. For years it also caused confusion in the writings of text books, as some chemists adhered to other methods, such as the use of consistent volume to measure the physical weight of the elements. I believe that the reader would find the duplicate weight scales that were used along with the elements of up to .99999 pure. This standard was 1cm3, for solids and 1ml for liquids and gases are kept at the Smithsonian Institute in Washington D.C. The original scales and elements are kept in a vault in Sweden I would state that the differences in the weights are very minor.

In 1858, at a large congress of chemists, the Italian chemist Connizzaro demonstrated that Avogadro’s principle leads to consistent results if applied in the way that has been described, in numerous text books. Recent physical methods have been devised that measure the relative atomic weights directly by electrical methods. These were referred to in connection with the discovery that many elements have atoms of different weights.

So if we were to study H2O, we would find that 1ml of H2O equals one gram. As denoted in any number of chemistry text books. The book I am using at this point is modern chemistry by H. Clark Metcalfe, Jone E. Williams Joseph F. Castka. Published by Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Copyright In © 1974.

The statement that 1ml of H2O equals 1 gram implies that a volume of 18ml, is needed to produce the atomic weight of water at 4 degrees C. So it would be considered as 1 mol of water. On the other hand 1 mol of Oxygen is equal to 22.4 liters of Oxygen under standard pressure temperature and volume, to obtain the weight of Oxygen or O2, which is 32 grams. In order to determine the weight of O, 32 are divided in two, or half of 22.4 liters.

The same is true for the atomic weight of Hydrogen. It is weighed under standard temperature, pressure and volume. So one mol of H2, weighs 2.008 grams in 22.4 liters and the weight of H would be 1.004 grams for half of 22.4 liters of Hydrogen.

So the statements in some texts that all of the elements were weighed in the same volume of space are correct and incorrect. The use of Avogadro’s number became the standard to determine the weights of the elements, as one mol irregardless of volume occupied by the elements. This has lead to a lot of confusion on the part of different scientists, at different times and text.

Which means Avogadro’s; measurements were derived from the extraction of the element from a chemical compound. This is not a good standard. The standard of pure elements of

.99999% pure in a volume of the same measurement is the best standard on a weight scale, as it reflects the true weight under gravity.I have studied numerous text books over the years; these books had caused confusion to me on the issue of atomic weights until I determined that the weights in a 1cm3 volume or 1ml would not affect the outcome of the reduction of the number of atoms at the 10 to the minus 3 level.

Sometimes in life a person simply has to go for it. Studies are only that, to go forward with new theories and principles it is simply done. I have chosen to create a new form of math, which allows me to move in new directions of thought inventions and innovation. I really would like to ply my math, in this section. Yet I feel it is important to give the reader, a background in what I am doing before I reach the mathematics.

What is so important about weights? I will tell you, everything has a weight you have a weight, I do and everything on the earth does. It means we are pulled to the earth by Gravity, Gravity has a presence and is the source for the energy that makes us function as living entities. It is also the source behind the rise of magnetic and molecular forces as well. In free space there is nothing to filter gravity forces, this is why the human body falls apart or suffers degradation. Yet I digress this introduction is intended to open the mind of the reader about the possibilities that exist in the field of science.

The foundation of the weights of the elements has led to a number of areas of science opening up into new fields. The uses of mathematics are the only way for a scientist to open up his theories and represent new concepts. So when I studied the various areas of science I became engrossed in the area of the valance and hybrid valance. These are used to determine the simple compounds and complex compounds, the valance for the simple compounds. The hybrid valance for the complex compounds.

Yet the two forms of math used are incompatible with each other. I knew that there had to be a way to form mathematics that would answer both. This is where the Simulacrum charts came from. From my desire to understand more deeply the formation of the elements and these elements into compounds. In doing so I had to study what other scientists have done, References Einstein’s, Distant Parallism 1928. Then for some of the work are James E. Brady / Gerard E. Humiston General Chemistry. Copyright in © 1975, 1978, 1982, Third Edition.Page 84 refers to Schrödinger with the mathematics of quantum mechanics or wave mechanics. He used the analogy of a guitar sting and the harmonics induced by vibrating the string. Which lead Schrödinger to the 3 dimensional harmonics given off by the electrons, in the form of a wave length this implies that if a guitar string vibrates and gives off a wavelength so could electrons? This could happen with other particles of the

Atoms, so an analogy of that line of thought could be the wavelengths produced by the quanta of photon particle packets (Introduced by Einstein). Which, was not discovered until the formation of

Schrödinger’s mathematical formulas which lead to the discovery of the different spectrums of light? These light spectrums have different intensity of forces. The red spectrum is not as forceful as the ultra light spectrum; which has turned out to be a very important find for science. The astronomers view the stars and the sun. With the wave length formulas the elemental make up of the stars can be determined very nicely. In the past few years, dark matter has been determined to exist. I have referred to it as black or dark matter. There are reasons for the usage of both. Plank theorized the existence of particles that had holes in them that absorbed light. These were termed by him as black matter, (In 1917) because they could absorb light. Light could enter and be absorbed thus disappear. The theory of dark matter is another concept altogether, in the sense that I used it for, was for the particles that could reach ultra light velocities thus disappear from our space time reference. Yet I did not believe that they disappeared into nothing I determined that we could not detect them with the technology of the present. I also determined that they could still transfer a kinetic impact on the elements and cause the elements to have unique energies, unto their individual make up. It was this type of an explanation that also tied magnetic and gravitational forces together.

The concept of the Set and Subsets are taken from Arithmetic its structure and concepts, written by Francis J. Mueller, second edition, Copyright © 1956, 1964 by Prentice-Hall, Inc, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.

Page 137 of the arithmetic book goes into inverse operations. The operation of subtraction and division, are the respective companion operations to addition and multiplication. The book gives an analogy of a husband and wife. Which in some contexts the two are best identified as component parts of a single unit; in others it is more appropriate to think of each as separate individuals, closely related, but each having distinctly different characteristics. So the analogy could apply to multiplication and division. In some instances it is best to think of one being the reverse of the other, as division being simply the undoing operation for multiplication; in other instances, it would be better to consider the two as being essentially independent of each other. From the mathematical point of view, addition and subtraction are best looked upon as complementary parts of a unit. In fact, mathematically, subtraction is dependent upon addition for its very definition. From a practical, problem-solving point of view, however, there are advantages to considering the two as individual operations-each with special qualities that better suit it to the solution of certain kinds of problems (Quote).

I believe that the reader would find, that multiplication can be undone with subtraction, and addition can be undone with division. In this day and age, inversion is simply turning a pencil upside down or the reverse of its original point and reference. So the question How would one invert a perfect sphere? How would one know if it were truly inverted?

From the above point of view, I would say to cut it in half. Or divide it then I would have two imperfect portions, of the sphere that would show the inner regions distinction. Such could be the case with determining the various regions that make up the nucleus of the atom. It is common for it to be understood as a very dense region spherical in nature, yet I believe it to be a dense region made up of sub-regions that are formed by quadrants that combine from a 360 degree joining of these regions. I also believe it to be crystalline in structure. When induced into vibration, appears circular; “which is an illusion” caused by the energy of induction “A-rays”.

So it means that there are six sides to a box, and there are six sides to the nucleus of the atom. These regions I believe are made up of black and dark matter that is tightly compacted together that forms what we call the nucleus of the atom.

That as the regions degenerate the element changes form, into isotopes in some cases. As with uranium transforming, into lead, in other cases, elements change form entirely, such as the elements of calcium and helium are given off from the denigration of Uranium into lead.

From the Simulacrum point of view, inverse operations continue on in the elements everyday of their existence. Simply put the undoing of one into another. Just like the perfect sphere it is broken in two and in the case of Uranium broken into smaller portions termed subsets, which produces Lead.

These are arrived at using disunion concepts, whereas in the formation of energies I union the elements into subsets. This also leads to the formation of complex molecules in chains. Whereas disunion concepts show what type of element is given off in the deterioration of the element or elements involved; or an isotope of the elements; This is done by comparing the subset given off; to the yellow book of calculations and of the elements, then matching these numbers as close as possible with the subsets given off and the closest element in the yellow book. So Calcium has quite a number of isotopes and so does Helium. There are a variety of variations of element isotopes in all of the elements. So the standard of elements is more of an average than fact.Subset operations are taken from the book as well, except with a twist I have placed upon them in order to answer questions I have had over time.

A set is a collection of things whether real or imagined. (Simulacrum means an imaginary semblance of something or a mirror image of something.) Refer to page 43 of the arithmetic its structure and concepts. The fingers on your right hand are a set of 5 elements and there is more to it than that. The fingers are similar and work together and they each have a separate function, for example the thumb is different from the fingers, it apposes the other parts of the set, yet technically it is still considered a finger.

The Elements are also similar yet different. Example, aluminum verses iron, what do they have in common? Nothing really except they are each a part of the set of elements. In the periodic table Al, belongs to the IIIA table and Fe, to the VIII portion of the table. So Al,

and Fe, is a portion of the elements further defined into sub tables or a subset of the elements set. How does Simulacrum Science use these concepts? The theory of Simulacrum involves the concept of the set starting at the nucleus of the atom, in that there are six sides to the makeup of the nucleus of the atoms and these are really subsets to the set of an element, yet the individual elements are a subset of the overall set of the elements in the atomic weights charts. Which are also the new Invariants and Tensor’s Einstein predicted.

As with the region of the nucleus of the atom, each region is comprised of different portions of black and dark matter. Grouped in different quantize s of numbers and different configurations, which form the shape of the atom; as well as its size. Different sizes and shapes create different flow patterns of the dark matter of gravity through them, thus beginning the filtration and concentration process matter imposes upon gravity. In some instances magnetic forces are formed, as with the placement of iron with mercury. When Iron is placed upon Mercury, London forces are formed which in turn cause the motion of electrons, the electrons cast into motion give off a magnetic field that induces a small magnetic charge into the iron. Yet from the Simulacrum point of view, Iron in conjunction with mercury causes a clash of the forces of different sizes of dark and black matter that slam into the electrons of the mercury and iron, giving rise to the London forces. These are tabled in the chartIn countless numbers this happens to all of the elements in one way or another. Normally I would just show that element A forms a union with element B that creates subset 1a. Or A U B> 1a. 1a, is the result of the filtering of gravity through the elements. Thus the energy allowed through the region. Yet in real calculation it would go, A + B = number that is divided / by 25, then 4 and two or two again until it falls within .0501 and .0999 of the charts index then divided again by eleven. As there are 11 universes that intersect with ours, by the way it is now an accepted concept and was not when I first started; 11 universes in parallel with our own, each giving rise to the energies of the others through intersection. Einstein termed it distant parallelism in his unified field theories. To save Room for Simulacrum Mathematics, I won’t go into great detail of Einstein’s work. I will place just enough to get the point across. For the full work by Einstein, I would suggest to the reader to go to the website www.1r2-muechen.de/~~aunzicker/ae 1919 through 1930.html. There are other sites as well. Albert Einstein, Berlin translated by A. Unzicker from

Unified Field Theory based on

Riemannian Metrics and distant Parallelism Mathematische Annalen 102 (1930), pp 685-697

In the present work I will describe a theory I have been working on for a year; it will be exposed in a manner that it can be understood comfortably by everyone who knows general relativity. The following version is necessary, because due to coherences and improvements found in the meantime reading the earlier work would be a useless loss of

time. The topic is presented in a way that seems most advisable for a comfortable access. In particular, I learned to know through Mr. Weitzenböck and Mr. Cartan that the treatment of the continua we are talking about is not new. Mr. Cartan kindly wrote an essay about the history of the relevant mathematical tools in order to complete my paper; it is printed right after this paper in the same review. Also here I give my best thanks to Mr. Cartan for his valuable contribution. The most important and however new result of the present work is the finding of the most simple field laws that can be applied to a Riemannian manifold with distant parallelism. I will discuss only briefly their physical

meaning. 1 The structure of the continuumSince the number of dimensions has no impact on the following considerations, we suppose an n-dimensional continuum. To take into account the facts of metrics and gravitation we assume the existence of Riemann-metrics. But in nature we have also electromagnetic fields, which cannot be described by Riemannian metrics. The question arises: How can we join to our Riemannian spaces in a naturally logical way an additional structure that provides a uniform character of the whole thing?The continuum is (pseudo-)Euclidean in the vicinity of the point P. In every point there is a local coordinate system of geodesics (i.e. orthogonal n-bein), in which the theorem of Pythagoras is valid. The orientation of this n-beins is not important in a Riemannian manifold. We assume that these elementary Euclidean spaces are governed by still another direction law. We assume that with this space structure - like in Euclidean geometry- it makes sense to speak of a parallel orientation of all n-beins together (which would be senseless in a space with metrical structure only). In the following we think of the orthogonal n-beins being always in parallel orientation. The however arbitrary orientation of the local n-bein in one point P then determines the orientation of the local n-beins in all points of the continuum uniquely. Our task is now to set up the simplest limiting laws, which can be applied to such a continuum. Doing so, we hope to derive the general laws of nature, like the earlier general relativity tried this for gravitation by applying a purely metrical space structure. 2 Mathematical description of the space structureThe local n-bein consists of n orthogonal unit vectors with components hs

with respect

to any Gaussian coordinate system. Here like always a lower Latin index shows the affiliation to a certain bein of the n-beins, a Greek index - due to its upper or lower position - the covariant or contra variant transformation character of the relevant entity with respect to a change of the Gaussian coordinate system. The general transformation property of the hs

is the following. If all local systems or n-beins are twisted in the same manner, which is allowed, and a new Gaussian coordinate system is introduced at the same time, then exists the following transformation law between the new and old hs

end quoteNow a Simulacrum commentThere are several reasons why Einstein’s unified theory is so needful. Einstein once stated that God probably does not play dice. His statement simply means the universe is to organized, to be created from chaos. This would mean it comes from intelligent design. I

would have to agree with him. The mathematics could not work other wise.

I also think the 1928 version of Einstein’s work is helpful as well. “quote.” Therefore, new invariants and tensors will arise besides those known in Riemannian geometry made by Einstein, 1928. Here is its write up as well. It fits Simulacrum mathematics very well because Simulacrum mathematics is based upon it as well.

Albert Einstein translation by A. Unzicker

Riemannian Geometry with Maintaining the Notion of Distant Parallelism

June 7th, 1928 Riemannian Geometry has led to a physical description of the gravitational field in the theory of general relativity, but it did not provide concepts that can be assigned to the electromagnetic field. Therefore, theoreticians aim to find natural generalizations or extensions of Riemannian geometry that are richer of concepts, hoping to get to a logical construction that unifies all physical field concepts under one single leading point. Such endeavors brought me to a theory which should be communicated even without attempting any physical interpretation, because it can claim a certain interest just for the neutrality of the concepts introduced therein. Riemannian geometry is characterized by a Euclidean metric in an infinitesimal neighborhood of any point P. Furthermore, the absolute values of the line elements which belong to the neighborhood of two points P and Q of finite distance can be compared. However, the notion of parallelism of such line elements is missing; a concept of direction does not exist for the finite case. The theory outlined in the following is characterized by introducing - beyond the Riemannian metric- the concept of

`direction' `equality of directions' or `parallelism' for finite distances. Therefore, new invariants and tensors will arise besides those known in Riemannian geometry.1 n-bein field and metricGiven an arbitrary point P of the n-dimensional continuum, let's imagine an orthogonal n-bein of n unit vectors that represents a local coordinate system. Aa are the components of a line element or another vector with respect to this local system (n-bein). Besides that, we introduce a Gaussian coordinate system of the x for describing a finite domain. Let A be the components of a vector (A) with respect to that, and h a

the -components of the unit vectors forming the n-bein. Then, we have1 A = h a

Aa.... (1)One obtains the inversion of (1) by calling ha

the normalized sub determinants of the h

a,

Aa = ha A ... . (1a)Since the infinitesimal sets are euclidic, for the modulus A of the vector (A) holds

A2 =

A2a = ha ha A A ... . (2)

Therefore, the components of the metric tensor appear in the form g = ha ha, ... (3)whereby the sum has to be taken over a.For a fixed a, the ha

are the components of a contra variant vector. Furthermore, the following relations hold:

ha ha =

... (4)ha hb

= a b,... (5)

with = 1 if the indices are equal, and or = 0, if not. The correctness of (4) and (5) follows from the above definition of the ha as the normalized sub determinants of the ha

. The vector property of ha follows conveniently from the fact that the l.h.s. and therefore, the r.h.s of (1a) as well, are invariant for any coordinate transformation and for any choice of the vector (A). The n-bein field is determined by n2 functions ha

, whereas the Riemannian metric is determined just by [(n(n+1))/ 2] quantities. According to (3), the metric is determined by the n-bein field but not vice versa. 2 Teleparallelism and rotation invarianceBy postulating the existence of the n-bein field (in every point) one expresses implicitly the existence of a Riemannian metric and distant parallelism. Let then (A) and (B) be two vectors in the points P and Q which have the same local coordinates with respect to their n-beins (that means Aa = Ba), they have to be regarded as equal (because of (2)) and as

'parallel'. If we take the metric and the teleparallelism as the essential, i.e. the objective meaningful things, then we realize that the n-bein field is not yet fully determined by these settings. Yet metric and teleparallelism remain intact, if we substitute the n-beins of all points of the continuum with substitutability rotation invariance and note: Only those mathematical relations can claim or a real meaning that are rotational invariant. Thus by keeping the coordinate system fixed, and a given a metric and a parallel

connection, the ha are not yet fully determined; there is a possible substitution which corresponds to the

rotation invariance Aa

* = da m Am ..., (6)

whereby da m is chosen orthogonal and independent of the coordinates. (Aa) is an arbitrary vector with respect to the local system, (A*

a) the same vector with respect to the rotated local system According to (1a), from (6) follows ha

* A = da m hm A

or ha

* = da m hm, ... (6a)

whereby da m db m = dm a dm b = a b , ... (6b)

da m x = 0. ... (6c)

Then the postulate of rotation invariance tells us that among the relations in which the quantities h appear, only those may be seen as meaningful, which are transformed in h* of equal form, if h* is introduced by eqns. (6). In other words: n-bein fields which are related

by locally equal rotations are equivalent. The rule of infinitesimal parallel transport of a vector from point (x) to a neighboring point (x + d x) is obviously characterized by d Aa = 0, ... (7)

that means by the equation

ha

x A d x + ha d A = 0

Mulitplicated by ha this equation becomes after looking at (5)

d A = - A d x (7a)

with

= ha

ha

x.

This law of parallel transport is rotation invariant and not symmetric with respect to the lower indices of the quantities

. If one transports now the vector (A) according to this law along a closed curve, the vector remains unaltered; this means, that the Riemann tensor

Rk, l mi = - k l

i

xm + k mi

xl +li k m

-mi k l

build from the connection coefficients vanishes according to (7a), which can be verified easily. Besides this law of parallel transport there is that (nonintegrable) symmetric transport law due to the Riemannian metric (2) and (3). It is given by the well-known

equations

_

d

A =

A d x

(8)

=

1 2

g

x +

x -

x

.

According to (3), the are expressed by the quantities h of the n-bein fields. Thereby one has to

keep in mind that g = h

h. ... (9)

Because of this setting and due to (4) and (5) the equations g g =

are fulfilled which define g from g. This transport law based on the metric only is rotation invariant in the above sense.

3 Invariants and covariantsOn the manifold we are considering, besides the tensors and invariants of Riemann-geometry which contain the quantities h only in the combination (3), there exist other tensors and invariants, among which we will have a look at the simplest ones only. If one starts with a vector (A) in the point x, with the shifts d and [d] in the neighboring point (x+ d x) the two vectors

A + d A

und

A +

_

d A

are produced. Thus the difference

d A -

_

d A = ( -

) A d x

has vector character as well. Therefore, (

-)

is a tensor, and also its skew symmetric part 1 2

( -

) = ...

The fundamental meaning of this tensor in the theory developed here results from the following: If this tensor vanishes, then the continuum is Euclidean. Namely, if

0 = 2 = ha

( ha

x - ha

x),

holds, then by multiplication with hb follows

0 = hb

x - hb

x .

However, one may assume

ha b = b

x .

Therefore the field is derivable from n scalars b. We choose now the coordinates according to the equation

b = xb

Then, due to (7a) all the vanish, and the ha and the g are constant.-

Since the tensor2 is formally the simplest one admitted by our theory, this tensor shall be used as a

starting point for characterizing such a continuum, and not the more complicated Riemannian curvature tensor. The simplest quantities which come in mind are the vector

and the invariants g

and g g g

From one of the latter ones (actually, from a linear combination of it), after multiplication with the invariant volume element

h d ,

(whereby h means the determinant \mid h \mid, d the product d x1... d xn), an invariant integral J may be built. The setting J = 0

provides then 16 differential equations for the 16 quantities h.

The question if this leads to laws with relevance for physics shall be investigated later.- It may clarify things, to confront Weyl's modification of the Riemannian theory with the one presented here:

Weyl : no comparison at distance, neither of the moduli, neither of directions of vectors.Riemann : comparison at distance for moduli of vectors, but not of directions of vectors.Present theory: comparison of both moduli and directions of vectors at distance.3

Footnotes:1 We assign Greek letters to the coordinate indices and Latin ones to the bein indices.

2 tr. note: in the literature this is called torsion tensor.

3 tr. note: This is the origin of the name distant parallelism as a synonym for absolute parallelism or teleparallelism , in German Fernparallelismus .

Simulacrum Point’s interjected here.

In the beginning I will only use the four pole charts. Later we will get into the six poles charting, which show the six sides of the box. Example of six pole outlay.Each of the four, or six pole designs has a number value.

Subsets are formed thus Element A U Element B> A number divided by 25 divided by 4 divided 2 if necessary, then divided by 11, rounded off to a .000000 number.

Six pole example

As I mentioned earlier, these regions have a number assigned and are compacted into a tight cluster, I expanded them in order to show that each of these regions contain a number value which show the relationship of how an element is formed and on how it shows the various isotopes that can be formed just by increasing or decreasing the value of the number value. Example of the element Copper is a part of the table of elements.

At this time I would point out that, Invariant, (a mathematical quantity or expression that is constant through out a certain range of conditions) could also be applied to the nucleusof the atom.

This would mean that each elements construction would use, Simulacrum numbers that become the invariant numbers of the elements

Then the term Tensor, (a mathematical entity with components that change in a particular way in the transformation from one coordinate system to another) would be the change in

numbers of the Simulacrum vector positions or the term of these positions could be viewed as the quadrant numbers of each of the pole regions.

Vector, a quantity possessing both magnitude and direction as force or velocity; so when I imply that there is a vector position, these are formed by the quadrant numbers of the poles.

The- (the word the, is used before adjectives that are used substantively to note an individual, a class or a number of individuals, or an abstract idea. So when Einstein refers to the n-bein field, he is referring to an abstract idea. About the existence of parallel mixing and intersecting (to follow a path or crossing or to go through something)

1 n-bein field and metricGiven an arbitrary point P of the n-dimensional continuum, let's imagine an orthogonal n-bein of n unit vectors that represents a local coordinate system Quote. Point P could be referred to as the 7th pole at the nucleus of the atom, which is shown in the example of the 6 pole chart above where all Poles intermix. 3 Invariants and co-variantsOn the manifold we are considering, besides the tensors and invariants of Riemann-geometry which contain the quantities h only in the combination (3), there exist other tensors and invariants, among which we will have a look at the simplest ones only. (Again Simulacrum math fits this concept very well.)If one starts with a vector (A) in the point x, with the shifts d and [d] in the neighboring point (x+ d x) the two vectors. “Quote” Referring to the manifold (1 of great variety; numerous. 2. Manifested in many ways, or including many acts or elements; complex, 3. Existing in great abundance v.t. To make more than one copy of at once, as with carbon paper on a typewriter.) (Isn’t this Simulacrum as well?)So then the vectors would be the lines that tie in the poles along states of velocity; into 19the various pole regions. Vector, (a quantity possessing both magnitude and direction as force or velocity.) So When I imply that there is a vector position, these are formed by the quadrant numbers of the poles. Vector (A) could be connecting to the North Pole, in the point x, constituting the clusters of the dark and black matter that, have been referred to as the atoms of the North Pole. Because these clusters form the atoms, that in turn all together form a solid block or liquid of the element, 1ml or 1cm3 volume. These regions of the nucleus of the atoms, are formed of dark and black matter. Simulacrum mathematics uses an average of alignment of the nucleus regions for calculation of the elements.So when we refer to the Tensor, (a mathematical entity with components that change in a

particular way in a transformation from one coordinate system to another. This happens in several ways, which is why the sub-sets show different numbers at mostly the wake and south poles. These simulacrum numbers called sub-sets show the force and change occurring in these regions. With Union concepts, yet show radical change;

yet when we are dealing with Dis-Union concepts. The quantities of h are referring to the black and dark matter. Then h a

refers to the vector and velocity state of h in the sub-state.By the way I believe that the number and make up of the atoms in a block mass are duplicated in the regions of the nucleus of the atoms that are constituted of black and dark matter.

The sub-set regions seem to align to the numbers in the original charts, which means they could be real characters of the isotopes of an atom. This could well account for the various changes of the elements of one sample to another. The integrators are a product of the way in which the elements are placed together in a group.When the regions of black and dark matter are taken into account it would lead back to the Schrödinger’s quantum or wave mechanics. If the electrons are portions of the regions that make up the nucleus of the atom, then at this point it is important to consider the possibility that different types of electrons are the product of the different regions of the nucleus. A very good example of this would be a fluorescent light (after the energy of emitting light from the regular ballast system of A.C. energy is drained and light emission stops from the power source from the wall, yet light energy will again be emitted using a high frequency wave generator, which strongly makes the argument that electrons have different natures and react to energy differently. It also implies that the electrons are shattered to create the photons of light emission.When I refer to energy differently, I simply mean the wave length of the energy emitted to create the reaction of the fluorescent light. In other words when the tube burns out, a Tesla coil will again cause light emission, of a slightly different spectrum. Which again implies that electrons could very well be a broken off piece, of the nucleus of the atom, then is shattered into photon emission. That when enough of these electrons are destroyed to form light photons the emission will stop. Until a higher frequency energy is put through the system to break off different electrons from different sections of the atom.

This will eventually create an isotope of the element, as it changes from one state to another. I think this is the basis for metal fatigue in mechanical parts and supporting structures in buildings etc. In other words there is much more going on than meets the eye. Let’s use the frame of a car or truck for example, they will crack and wear out over time, this is fatigue. I think it is caused mainly because of the resistance of dark matter (gravity) to a change in state.

Gravity pulls harder against an object that is in motion, yes this would even include Space. I also think that this is the basis for friction on parts moving against one another. The reason for this is the elements all filter Dark and Black matter, (Gravity) differently. So it is quite common for them to conflict with one another. In other words the dark matter particle’s passages, through the elements are of different size, velocity state and orientation in the state of Distant Parallelism. What the Charts are designed to do is give a crude idea of what is going on, and a possible way to use these conflicting forces. Let’s look at an example of Lead and Tin. Lead and Tin go together very nicely, let’s see if we can understand why.Example

Lead (Pb) Tin (Sn) Subset Pb/Sn

5.88636 U 6.73363 > 5.740905.88727 U 6.74363 > 5.74181 4.90636 U 5.61200 > 4.784547.53909 U 8.43000 > 7.17727Or

Arrows indicate a vector state, in the above and also a charge, in the state of the particles passage.

Lead (Pb) fits within the 5 grouping, the average of the two subsets again end up in the 5 grouping. This also creates a region of direction that the two independent elements lacked. It is not that the two elements are changed; it is the subsets that hold them together in the electron shells.

Lets compare Copper (Cu) to the Pb/Sn subset. Copper forms a stirrer, or the blending of more than one vector state. This is one of the reasons that it is a good thermo conductor, as well as a good electrical conductor. If we were to compare Cu, with Silver (Ag)

Silver

If you wonder why Silver, is a better electrical conductor than Copper, Yet not as good a thermo conductor, the above examples should show why. Silver will allow larger electrons to pass and more of them. The subset of Lead/Tin will not. Copper is limited in the lower right corner, and has a conflict of electron vector states.

Let’s compare Silver (Ag) to Aluminum (Al)

What is the difference between Ag, and Al ?It is a matter of particle size and state. The top represents the North Pole, lower left, The Wave Pole, to the right of that is the Wake Pole, at the bottom is the South Pole.Notice that both elements are in the 6 grouping. It is the last three numerations at the end that give the charge state. Ex. 818 at top of Ag, 181 for Al. Ag has a greater magnetic force, than Al. Because the majority of the last 3 numerations are high While the last 3 numerations of Al, are low. These numbers denote that Al, is a good thermo conductor, yet not quite as good electron conductor. These examples also show why Al, has a lower melting point than Ag.

The 4 Pole views of Pb. Shows a star cluster, energy going out and no entry. By the way the same is true for Sn.

Yet a 6 Pole chart will show entry of energy, for Lead (Pb).

I would think that this is one reason for Lead’s use in radiation shielding.

Tin (Sn), Show’ exit of energy only in the 4 Pole Charts

Yet again the Six Pole charts for Sn Shows an entry.

If the reader studies the numbers you will find that Pb and Sn are mirrors of one another.

For the Most part I use the 4 Pole calculations, mostly because they tell me all I need to know. When I really get serious I use the 6 Pole charts. An example would be the union of Pb and Sn. Pb U Sn 5.88636 6.74363 > 5.74090 6.02090 6.89727 > 5.87181 4.90545 5.62000 > 4.78454 5.88727 6.74363 > 5.74181 4.90636 5.62000 > 4.78454 7.53909 8.43000 > 7.17727

Lead and Tin, both have entry points on the East Poles, Yet the union of Lead and Tin, show an entry point at the South Pole. This is the source of diffraction of the elements.

This is caused by the inference of Black and Dark matter through the elements. Which makes up a guide for how to use these energies of gravity? Diffraction is an interesting topic, as it refers to the bending of the light waves. Yet it is established that light travels in quanta particle packets in waves. When light enters glass it slows in velocity from 186,000 miles per second to roughly 124.000 miles per second. Upon exiting the glass the light reaccelerates back to the 186,000 miles per second. Could the answer be that the particle packets are accelerated by black and dark matter?

I think that it is the only logical reason for that to occur. If that were true then why can’t matter cause a slowing of black and dark matter as well? Talking of black and dark matter, I don’t feel we can even begin to understand the complex nature of the myriad of these particle streams. I believe Einstein understood it to a very high level. This is why he formed the distant parallelism concept.

I think when the states of velocity are taken into account the only logical explanation is

there are streams of dark matter particles that pass through matter as if it were not there. Though there is enough inference that other larger slower dark matter particles are struck By these higher state particles and accelerated after being slowed by matter. I would conjecture that the mean average velocity state of dark matter to be roughly 3.5 billion miles per second. Thus creating the term distant parallelism as a needful way to explain it.It is this reason I was able to form an artificial gravity well. This is the reason I formed the mathematics in the format as it is now, to give a visible image of the interaction of the particle makeup of the nucleus of the atom, as well as the particle passage through the elements. By inducing matter into motion and vibration this causes a conflict of the dark and black matters passage through thus causing conflict that in turn breaks of pieces of the nucleus. This is the change in state I have referred before. In the instance of forming alloys it is needful to contribute some particles back into the region so that the kick back forces can draw the elements together. The kick back forces are a direct result of the reacceleration of dark matter in-between the sub regions of the atom. I think it will be found that elements are constantly losing and gaining electrons as well as other sub atomic matter.

Thus an evolution of transforming the elements over time I doubt that there is one atom on the earth or else where for that matter that is the same as they once were. We absorb sub particles from our surroundings and loose sub particles every instance of our lives, and so does all other matter. It is good in a way to know this because we can use that knowledge to create new forms of materials for use in our everyday lives.

It is needful for the student to understand the vastness of these concepts in order to be able to use the mathematics and charting as, an expansion of ideas and new tools to understand how to use them.

Lets again take up the topic of kick back forces, the interplay in these are quite simple yet hard for most students to understand. If we view a target being struck by a bullet upon of the instant of contact the target is pulled towards the muzzle of the rifle, then the bullet passes through and the target is drawn towards the receding bullet. Which leads to a question of what would happen if the bullet upon impact instantly stretched elongated and accelerated in higher velocity in the same instance. I believe that the initial impact would cause the target to be kicked back towards the muzzle.

I believe that this is the interplay through the nucleus and sub particles of the atom. This is a very similar process going on with black and dark matter. They become the bullets. The interplay then creates a view of distant parallelism. With a twist, Steven Hawks view of string theory. Especially dark matter can and does exist in more than one space time, through multiple matter in and through out our sun, earth and outside of our solar system all in the same instant in our way of measuring time. In a sense they act just as a string, for matter to slide along, as in someone propelling from a cliff. Every object in their path;is affected by their vibrations and interplay through matter. If for some reason matter is caused into motion, this can and does set up a region were there is a deflection to the dark

matter, and it will change direction yet still affect other matter in its new direction. A very good example is the formation of the alloy of Fe and Al. By creating conditions for the interplay to occur. I know I use interplay as a word quite often, yet it is the only way I can explain what is going on.Again take Lead and Tin sets, they both have an east entry point for dark matter on the 6 Pole view. Yet the mirror of the union indicates a slower south entry between them. This is an example of how dark matter of distant Parallism is brought into our space time reference even if it is only for an instant, which by the way is exactly what occurs when light photons passage through glass.

As Einstein pointed out that there is a distortion in the time between a person sitting and one in motion. I don’t believe he viewed it as a fact only an observation. Through calculation he was able to prove a distortion of time to different observers from different reference points. At the speed of light rounding it off he determined as 1/10 time differential. So what would be the effect, if one were to ponder the 1/100 time differential?

The particles of dark matter are traveling in waves from 360 spherical degrees in and to all directions through space and time. These could very well be organized by earth’s matter, into a lower velocity state as well as a mirror effect to form what we view as gravity. There the kick back forces would propel us to earth.

Example Pb

Above again is the example of Lead with an east entry for dark matter.

Tin also has an east entry, yet the particles that enter Tin are of a different size and velocity than the ones that enter Lead. This is why the kick back forces of the particles attract the two together so nicely. The region between the elements I call the subsets are made up imaginary element’s themselves and they act just as if they were real elements. This would also explain the formation of various isotopes.

Example Lead and Tin

These form the mirror subset as viewed above. Which means that a change in the state of dark matter has occurred by combining the two elements together? By demonstrating the lower velocity South entry in the mirror, we see an interaction of the different sizes and state of the dark matter filtered by the two elements. In other words the state of the dark matter reaches a state of conflict, causing the impact of these particles into the nucleus of the atoms thus lowering their states of velocity.

This is the reason that the energy can be used at that stage. There are infinite combinations that occur all the time. It is only a matter to determine which elements to use to create a desired energy state. Lets take a look at the difference between, the atomic weights of the elements and their specific gravity. Specific gravity is an elements displacement of water which raises an interesting question. Why would an element behave differently with water, than it would on a weight scale? To find that answer it becomes necessary to determine the overall subset for water. Water is formed into dipoles and it literally is formed as H, O, H. There are other variations of the 6 Pole charts, so for understanding I will form them thus. H U O > Sub #1 U H > North North North North East East East East West West West West Wave Wave Wave Wave Wake Wake Wake Wake South South South SouthWhich form’s Sub #2. Then we union sub #1 U to sub #2, to attain the overall for the water dipole, the numbers would change for heavy water.

H U O > Sub #1 U H Sub #25.72636 U 7.27181> 5.90818 U 5.72636 > 5.28818 5.85727 U 5.37181> 5.10454 U 5.85727 > 4.982724.77272 U 6.06000> 4.92363 U 4.77272 > 8.814545.72727 U 7.27272> 5.90909 U 5.72727 > 5.289094.77272 U 6.06090> 4.92454 U 4.77272 > 8.815457.15909 U 4.54545> 5.32000 U 7.15909 > 5.67272Although I call Sub #2 H20. There are two other Sub’s, yet this is a good and accurate overview.

Notice that H2O has an entry at the east and wave poles. High numerations exit on the north; wake; While the low numerations exit on the west and south.

Aluminum has an atomic weight of 26.98154 and a specific gravity of 2.6989.

Notice that the entry is all south. I think we need at this time to union Al, to H2O. Also I am going to assume that the reader knows the alignment of the poles.

Al, U H2O Al/H2O 6.13181 U 5.28818 > 5.19090 6.27272 U 4.98272 > 5.11636 5.11000 U 8.81454 > 6.32909 6.13272 U 5.28909 > 5.19181 7.66636 U 5.67272 > 6.06363 5.11090 U 8.81545 > 6.33000

H2O, has one entry from the east, Al/H2O has one entry on the east and one west.

Iron, (Fe) has an atomic weight of 55.847 and a specific gravity of 7.874. So the atomic weight and the specific gravity follow according to the difference of the weight of Al, and Fe. Lets look at Fe.

Again Lets see if we can see why it has a higher specific gravity, With its union to H2O.

Fe U H2O > Fe/H2O 6.34636 U 5.28818 > 5.28818 6.49181 U 4.98272 > 5.21545 5.28909 U 8.81454 > 6.41090 6.34727 U 5.28909 > 5.28909 5.28909 U 8.81545 > 6.41090 7.93454 U 5.67272 > 6.18545

I notice that the numerations for Fe, West and Wake are identical. Also H2O and Fe/H20 are identical. On the North Pole. Also Fe, Wake and H20 West and Fe/H2O west are the identical. Two entry points West and Wake, for Fe/H2O, compared to Al/H2O, Entry East and West.

Strontium (Sr) has an atomic weight of 87.62 and a specific gravity of 2.54. It varies a lot when compared to Al, or Fe. I wonder why. Let’s look at it in union with H2O.

Sr U H2O > Sr/H20 4.97818 U 5.28818 > 4.66636 5.09181 U 4.98272 > 4.57909 6.03454 U 8.81454 > 6.75000 4.97818 U 5.28909 > 4.66727 8.29727 U 8.81545 > 7.77818 6.22272 U 5.67272 > 5.35636 Example of Strontium and Water

The first thing I notice is that Sr/H2O only has one entry point, and because the lower numerations are the largest, thus more forceful most of the energy is repelling against the H2O dipole. All the other numerations are high, thus they match and push against the H2O. Example Water

I know this if I wanted to pump water through tubing, I would try to match the Sr, subset.I want to show the extremes, So lets use Gold (Au), Au, has an atomic weight of 196.9665 and a specific gravity of 18.88. Lead (Pb) has an atomic weight of 207. 2, yet a specific gravity of 11.35 On a scale Pb, outweighs Au,. Yet with water it is lighter or has a lesser specific gravity. Let’s find out why.

Au, U H2O > Au/H2O 5.59545 U 5.28818 > 4.94727 5.72363 U 4.98272 > 4.86636 4.66363 U 8.81454 > 6.12636 5.59636 U 5.28909 > 4.94818 4.66363 U 8.81545 > 6.12727 6.99545 U 5.67272 > 5.75818 Example Gold and Water

I would have to assume that because all numerations are high, that Au/H2O would settle in water like a stone or have a higher specific gravity. Numerations from a 636 to 909, are

gravity related, or molecular in nature. Now we calculate for the Pb union with H2O.

Pb U H2O > Pb/H2O 5.88636 U 5.28818 > 5.07909 6.02090 U 4.98272 > 5.00181 4.90545 U 8.81454 > 6.23636 5.88727 U 5.28909 > 5.08000 4.90636 U 8.81545 > 6.23727 7.35909 U 5.67272 > 5.92363

If we compare to Au/H2O, Pb, has two entry points. East and Wave, Also again these are the low slow, powerful energy entries. This also would cause Lead not to fall in water as easy. Or it would cause it to have a lesser specific gravity as compared to that of Gold.

Example of Gold and Water

Notice the differences between the ways Au, is intercepted by water compared to Pb Let’s compare Al, Fe, and Sr. With their interactions with Water as well.

As the student develops a better understanding of the mathematics, it will become clear as to how and why these interactions occur. The hardest object to learn of the math is the interlocking combinations of the various particle sizes involved. As well as the particle velocity states, in distant parallelism that Einstein alluded to. Yet the information and facts are all over the scientific world, of past scientists and the new ones in our day and age we are very lucky to have the skills of these scientists. Example of Iron and Strontium with water

Sr, only has one low slow entry, again the most powerful. Al, and Fe, is slightly higher energy entry points. When I speak of higher energy I am referring to the last three Numerations these are a 545 and higher. Which are more magnetic and gravity related. By making comparisons of the known factual work, we can establish a format to allow the charting to make predictions of the unknown. Sodium when formed into NaOH, forms, Sodium hydroxide, (NaOH) is a material that reacts violently with water, perhaps the question we should ask is Why? Let’s take a look and find out. I will format it in the order of O, Na, H. O. U Na > O/Na U H O/Na/H 7.27181 U 5.22454 > 5.68000 U 5.72636 > 5.18454 5.37181 U 5.34454 > 4.87090 U 5.35727 > 4.64909 6.06000 U 6.33363 > 5.63363 U 4.77272 > 5.16454 7.27272 U 5.22545 > 5.68090 U 5.72727 > 5.18545 6.06090 U 8.70909 > 6.71363 U 4.77272 > 5.22090 4.54545 U 6.53181 > 5.03545 U 7.15909 > 5.54272 Example of caustic Lye

High numeration energy entry, Low Powerful exit, now to see how it reacts with H2O.

O/Na/H U H2O > O/Na/H/H20 5.18454 U 5.28818 > 4.76000 4.64909 U 4.98272 > 5.51000 5.16454 U 8.81454 > 6.35454 5.18545 U 5.28909 > 4.76090 5.22090 U 8.81545 > 6.38000 5.54272 U 5.67272 > 5.09818This combination, is nasty.

Example of NaOH.

The vast majority of the numbers are the powerful low numerations; it is no wonder why this would strip H, away from H2O as well as O, for that matter a very nasty material.

As I go forward with Simulacrum mathematics’ I see a new world and new possibilities. Which shines the Universe under a new light, gone should be the misconceptions of the past. Most of the scientific materials we depend upon are based in the 1700’s and the 1800’s.

One of the discoveries I made was artificial gravity or an enhanced molecular field. It has been used to create new and useful materials. We will Calculate the entire portion of these system’s at a later time. I feel it is important for the student to understand the basic’s first. Another related system is the deflecting or blocking of magnetic fields. It takes imagination to stretch science in new directions to create new processes in order to understand the nature of matter and energy. Lithium is highly reactive in water. Lets try and determine why? Lithium (Li)

6.31000 6.45454 5.26000 6.31090 5.26090 7.88909 Example of Li,.

Notice Li, has all low numerations, the low slow powerful ones. Lets view in combination with H2O. Example of Water; Water overall is sub #2 in these lessons H U O > Sub #1 U H Sub #2 5.72636 U 7.27181> 5.90818 U 5.72636 > 5.28818 5.85727 U 5.37181> 5.10454 U 5.85727 > 4.98272 4.77272 U 6.06000> 4.92363 U 4.77272 > 8.81454 5.72727 U 7.27272> 5.90909 U 5.72727 > 5.28909 4.77272 U 6.06090> 4.92454 U 4.77272 > 8.81545 7.15909 U 4.54545> 5.32000 U 7.15909 > 5.67272 Example of Lithium mixed with Water

Li U H2O > Li/H2O 6.31000 U 5.28818 > 5.27181 6.45454 U 4.98272 > 5.19909 5.26000 U 8.81454 > 6.39727 6.31090 U 5.28909 > 5.27272 5.26090 U 8.81545 > 6.39818 7.88909 U 5.67272 > 6.16454

Example of Li, and H2O,.

The subset formed acts as a stirrer to the molecules of H2O. The Low slow powerful particles emitted from the Wave and South will strike Oxygen the strongest, in the H2O molecule; and liberating the hydrogen atoms, in a violent reaction.

Referring to the first page, of Dalton’s findings and the finding of other researchers the atoms of the same element are alike and atoms of different elements are different. The same is true for the subset mixtures of compounds. It is the passage of dark and black matter in packets that create the subset regions. Not all dark and black matter will pass through the regions of the diverse different atoms. These particle packets are deflected off the atoms, where they mix and merge with particle deflection of other atoms.

For example if we were to view what happens to the quanta packets of light photons traveling in waves and their interaction with a glass pane not all photon packets will pass through the pane. Thus are deflected off from the glass. This deflection mixes with other deflective light from rocks trees etc, color is formed due to the different velocity states of the photon packets. Yet I believe there is enough evidence to prove that the particle packets of photons contain different sizes as well.

These variances in size would imply that the lower number numerations are larger packets and have a lower velocity state. This is what I believe goes on in and around the nucleus of the atoms as it pertains to the dark and black matter packets in a velocity state. Different atoms deflect different dark and black matter particle packets. These are the source of the reactive actions that occur in the preceding equations above. I suspect that the higher numerations are smaller particles at higher velocity states. It is when the lower and higher numerations collide that reactions occur.

Example

These reactions occur trillions of times a second in and around all matter and energy particles. The dark and black matter are the deflective medium that cause the diffraction of radio signals through space as well as other light associated particle packets. I believe that these dark and black matter particles collide with each other as well. This creates the dynamics of the Universe?

The above diagram then could represent even one black matter particle as it is affected by the dark matter. It is simple really. Dark matter particle packets traveling in waves are smaller in size thus are in velocity states that Einstein described as Distant Parallelism.

This could indicate that they exist outside of our space time reference yet still affect the energy and matter of our space time? Imagine a state where particle packets exist with velocity states at 3.4 billion miles per second from our space time reference. Imagine dark matter packets at even higher velocity states than that.

In theory a dog trotting across the Brooklyn bridge could cause it to collapse, If that were to be true, then there is a lot more going on that just the dog’s trot. It would cause vibrations into the atoms of the elements that the bridge is made of which would cause a collision of the dark and black matter, with the matter of the bridge. The term of Simulacrum came from the mirror reflections of these particles creating regions that are in and through out the entire fabric of the space and time of the elements of the bridge.

Einstein’s Distant Parallelism, Hawkins’s sting theories would also pertain, because a rose by any other name is still a rose. In essence both theories imply the same thing. Then the difference between those theories and Simulacrum is simply, Simulacrum is trying to define what transpires between matter and energy. How do we use the obvious? Which I hope is by design I would gather? This is why the subset regions have been designed, in order to get a better view of these reactions.

In the earlier sections I have shown the overall subset region for NaOH, I held off from pointing out, Sodium (Na). Na, is also highly reactive with H2O. So Lets take a look see.

Na, 5.22454 5.34454 6.33363 5.22545 8.70909 6.53181

Study the numbers; even the first numerations are similar. There will be collisions in all regions, between the dark and black matter. Stripping the O, from the H2 as well as the H, from H,. What has not been viewed is the structure of the Hydrogen or the Oxygen. Example of O, and H,. ]

]

]

In the above examples, are O, not O2, or H, not H2. To obtain those examples there must be subset’s calculated. Lets start with H, Then. Notice in the preceding portions of the book to determine H2O, I calculated H U O > Sub, U H > overall for water.

+ Example of H2 H U H > H2 5.72636 U 5.72636 > 5.20545 5.85727 U 5.85727 > 5.32454 4.77272 U 4.77272 > 8.67727 5.72727 U 5.72727 > 5.20636 4.77272 U 4.77272 > 8.67727 7.15909 U 7.15909 > 6.50818

Now for O2.

O U O > O2 7.27181 U 7.27181 > 6.61090 5.37181 U 5.37181 > 4.88363 6.06000 U 6.06000 > 5.50909 7.27272 U 7.27272 > 6.61181 6.06090 U 6.06090 > 5.51000 4.54545 U 4.54545 > 8.26454

What I have attempted to do, is show that the Oxygen atom is larger than the Hydrogen atom. Now once again compare to the single H, atom on each side of O,. At the same time, it will take serious energy to combine them. Can the student see why?

Example of H,.

The numbers between O, and H2, are opposite numerations similar to Pb, and Sn, as viewed earlier in this text. It indicates H2O, is not easy to divide it into separate segments of pure O, and pure H, of course we already knew that. Yet these numerations indicate why, it would take enormous energy to combine them as well. Example, H2 and O, later.

Through the studies of the six poles of the elements and their combining subsets, the mysteries of these energies can be better understood. By taken known scientific facts through subset patterns, it becomes apparent that knowledge can be expanded upon into new designs.

In the forward of the book, is the six pole table. It is a column format instead of the 3-D view this format will allow the student to form the 3-D view. I have considered using a different 3-D format, yet that will come later one that shows the crystal makeup of the atoms. It is illusion due to vibration that gives off the impression that the atoms are round, or circular.

Examples of H2, and O,.

Oxygen (O), will combine with H2, although there is a resistance to the formation at the East and South poles. Which indicates the need for enormous energy to combine H2, with O, The reason it can be stated in this manner is because H2, East has a low numeration as well as the South poles of H2, and O, are high numerations, thus will resist the combining together of those segments. We are not using charge factors with these charts. The electron charge of the orbital’s have already been established in the chemistry texts, Yet Low and High numerations indicate some form of magnetic and gravity (molecular). charges. The Magnetic or Gravitational (molecular), charges in these regions have not been mapped out except in Simulacrum theory these Low or High numerations are the reason for the established electron theory, simply because they are the source of the energy behind the electron motion. Along with the state of were electrons would be foundThese regions give rise to electrons, photons, X-rays, etc. This is accomplished by vibrations induced upon the atoms, and the emissions given off are due to the interference of the atoms normal state, which is a state of rest. The atoms are caused into motion;

This affects the normal passage of dark and black matter through these regions of the atoms. This causes the black and dark matter to strip off subatomic particles known as the electro-magnetic spectrum. These are the electrons, photons, etc. I know I repeat myself, yet it is a very important concept, if the student plans on using the mathematics to any advantage. While we are on the topic lets discuss the electron orbital’s, let’s view Al, and Fe,.

The above examples are a crude version of the structure and orbital of electrons. The student can get a better example from any number chemistry text books. These are the images viewed under an electron microscope. I believe that the spherical distortion is due to the vibration induced by the microscope’s electron bombardment, thus interfering with dark matters passage through. Are electrons, in a true orbit, or are they trapped in stasis by kick back forces of dark and

black matter? I believe that under normal circumstances they are locked in stasis. It would cause the electron’s to be shattered into molecular, magnetic and photon particles

Once again I will mention that the atoms themselves are crystal in structure, or they have geometric and trigonal configurations. Vibrations induced into the region of the atoms cause them to spin. I have mentioned this before and will again, it is that important of a concept to understand. This will help the student to understand the mathematics with much more clarity.

At this point, I will again bring up Schrödinger’s work found on pages 4 and 5. I earlier mentioned the spectrum of the light waves and electromagnetic spectrum. Just what medium are the electrons vibrating in? In other words, there is something there for them to be affected by and that is why there is an effect by the electrons vibrations. I think that it is the dark matter energy causing the effect.

In fact I believe it is very similar to which the light photons are emitted. The basic premise is, electron’s induced into vibration are struck by dark matter. Particles of the electron are cast off in waves. Which are transferred over the median by dark matter? It is in much this manner that the alloys are joined in the induction furnace. This is accomplished by creating a region that becomes the target region for the electrons to settle to. If an electron or the nucleus of the atom is caused into a spin, then the east, wake, west, and wave are all interfering with each other. At that stage there can be no kick back forces of dark matter that will join them together. I believe the electrons emulate the structure of the atom from which they are sprung. This is simply because the

whole structure is formed from the same dark matter material.

There was a joke in a Steven Hawkins’s book. A professor was giving a talk on the string theory. At the end of his lecture, a little old lady stood up and said, very clever young man. But everyone knows that the earth is supported by the back of a giant turtle. The professor smiled and said Ok madam, if that is the case; then what is the turtle standing on? The old lady replied why everyone knows it is turtles all the way down.

In a sense that is what electrons are, a minor mirror of the whole from where they came. I would imagine that the photons are the mirrors of the electrons, etc. These are important insights for the purpose of calculation.

The most important concept behind calculation is to have a clear insight to the goal at the end. In other words pick a topic, define it. Study the characteristics of the materials, and the elements involved; It does not matter if it is the alloy’s, communication, photon drive or a whatever. If the concept deals with a real design then it is made up of the physical elements, which has to be studied and understood, before calculations can be derived.

For instance, it is known that Iron (Fe) is cubic in structure. Aluminum (Al) is crystalline. In order to alloy them, Al, has to be rotated into a cubic shape. We know that Fe, has 26 electrons and Al, has 13 electrons. To pair them in a proper format, we have to double the Al, in order to form the union by volume not weight. This leads to the knowledge that Al, has a melting temperature that is almost 1/3rd of Fe, Al, boil off point is much lower than Fe,. So a way needs to be developed to preserve the electrons of Al, rather than having it become ionic. Aluminum is a paramagnetic element. If it were to become ionic it would become diamagnetic.

A diamagnetic element is feebly repelled in the presence of a ferromagnetic field. As Fe, cools down it has plenty of electron spin, which forms a ferromagnetic force. This is why under normal conditions, the electrons are stripped away from the Al, becoming ionic and Fe, becomes ferromagnetic. This is also why under normal circumstances the alloy becomes brittle, which requires a special set of conditions to form a true alloy. The more that is known about a material the greater the chances of success.

On pages 27 and 28, are the simulacrum chart images of Al, and Fe,. I will again bring them in for review, with the above added insight. Al, and Fe,.

The numerations at the end of the equations are opposite, Al, is low, Fe is high. Al has a high entry, and Fe, has a low entry. It tells me that they should merge together, if the right conditions are met. It would require knowledge of the desired outcome, as well as

matching the simulacrum images of other elements to blend with the Al, Thus preserving the integrity of the electron structures of the Al. Because we want to form Al, with Fe,

We would calculate Al2, Fe, Lets go for it. Al, U Fe, > #1 U Al, > Al2 / Fe6.13181 U 6.34636 > 5.67181 U 6.13181 > 5.36545 6.27272 U 6.49181 > 5.80181 U 6.27272 > 5.48818 5.11000 U 5.28909 > 4.72727 U 5.11000 > 8.942726.13272 U 6.34727 > 5.67272 U 6.13272 > 5.366365.11090 U 5.28909 > 4.72727 U 5.11090 > 8.943637.66636 U 7.93454 > 7.09181 U 7.66636 > 6.70818

Al2/Fe subset

In order to form this region, we are going to have to create its mirror or as closely as possible to it. We would ideally like to have all the starting numbers of all the poles in the same region. Yet I suspect that the wake and west poles will deviate. The last three numerals are going to have to be high where the Al2/Fe is low, such as in the wake and west poles. The numerations that are high are going to have to be low, such as the north, east, wave and south poles. That would become the mirror region for the alloy to form.

Because I have not calculated this before in the six pole charts it should be very interesting. Lets begin with the alloy generator that works somewhat and see if it can be improved. Right away, we have Fe, and Pb, lets union them.

Fe, U Pb, > Fe/Pb U C, Fe/Pb/C 6.34636 U 5.88636 > 5.56000 U 8.53181 > 6.40545 6.49181 U 6.02090 > 5.68727 U 6.30272 > 5.45000 5.28909 U 4.90545 > 4.63363 U 7.11000 > 5.33818 6.34727 U 5.88727 > 5.56090 U 8.53272 > 6.40636

5.28909 U 4.90636 > 4.63454 U 7.11090 > 5.33909 7.93454 U 7.35909 > 6.95181 U 5.33272 > 5.58363

If the student compares the Fe, combo, the North Pole is not what is desired. The numbers are to high 6, instead of a 5. Also the end numbers are both 545. This would repel the Al2/Fe combo, although it is a good starting point because the majority of the numerations would attract.

Fe/Pb/C Combo

The next combination should be Na/Si/03, added to the Fe/Pb/C combo. It acts as a binder and an energy regulator. I will calculate in this manner,(Water glass).O, U Na > O/Na U O, > O/Na/O U Si, > O/Na/O/Si7.27181 U 5.22454 > 5.68000 U 7.27181 > 5.88727 U 6.38272 > 5.57727 U 5.37181 U 5.34454 > 4.87090 U 5.37181 > 4.65545 U 6.52909 > 5.08363 U6.06000 U 6.33363 > 8.26454 U 6.06000 > 5.14727 U 5.31909 > 4.75727 U7.27272 U 5.22545 > 5.68090 U 7.27272 > 5.88818 U 6.38363 > 5.57818 U6.06090 U 8.70909 > 6.71363 U 6.06090 > 5.80636 U 5.32000 > 4.75818 U4.54545 U 6.53181 > 5.03545 U 4.54545 > 8.71000 U 7.98000 > 7.58636 U O, > O/Na/O/Si/O 7.27181 > 5.84090 Notice, the overall subset is by itself out side the group5.37181 > 4.75272 we would like to see. Yet we will combo it with Fe/Pb/C6.06000 > 4.91727 to determine how it will work in the sets. 7.27272 > 5.84181 6.06090 > 4.918184.54545 > 5.51454

We will apply Fe,Pb,C, with NaSiO3. Here we go.Fe/Pb/C U NaSiO3 > #1 Fe/Na combo These are U with Fe2 because of 2 plates. Fe2 #1 Fe/Na,Combo/Fe26.40545 U 5.84090 > 5.56636 U 5.76909 > 5.15454 5.45000 U 4.75272 > 4.63727 U 5.90181 > 4.790905.33818 U 4.91727 > 4.66181 U 4.80818 > 8.609096.40636 U 5.84181 > 5.56727 U 5.77000 > 5.154545.33909 U 4.91818 > 4.66272 U 4.80818 > 8.610005.58363 U 5.51454 > 5.04454 U 7.21363 > 5.57181

I want to point out that, everything is working to restrict the flow of gravity, to a very fine degree. With that in mind, the magnetic forces will come to play to create our region for the alloy. But for now we still have to subset the quartz, in the clay and the added Fe. SiO2, is quartz, yet so is SiO4. I believe that SiO4 in clay is the more likely candidate.

O2 U Si > SiO2 U O2 > SiO4 6.61090 U 6.38272 > 5.90636 U 6.61090 > 5.69000 4.88363 U 6.52909 > 5.18727 U 4.88363 > 4.57818 5.50909 U 5.31909 > 4.92181 U 5.50909 > 4.74181 6.61181 U 6.38363 > 5.90727 U 6.61181 > 5.69090 5.51000 U 5.32000 > 4.92272 U 5.51000 > 4.74181 8.26454 U 7.98000 > 7.38363 U 8.26454 > 7.11272

SiO4 U Fe > SiO4/Fe U Cu, winding > SiO4/Fe/Cu,.5.69000 U 6.34636 > 5.47090 U 7.22090 > 5.769094.57818 U 6.49181 > 5.03181 U 7.38636 > 5.644544.74181 U 5.28909 > 4.56000 U 6.01818 > 4.808185.69090 U 6.34727 > 5.47181 U 7.22181 > 5.770004.74181 U 5.28909 > 4.56000 U 6.01818 > 4.808187.11272 U 7.93454 > 6.84000 U 9.02727 > 7.21272

What is left to do, is to subset SiO4FeCu, into quartz SiO4, as the final clay layer.

SiO4 U SiO4FeCu > #2 combo5.69090 U 5.76909 > 5.20909 what we have here is the final lap4.57818 U 5.64454 > 4.64636 we will now have to subset #1U#24.74181 U 4.80818 > 8.68181 for our field overall.5.69090 U 5.77000 > 5.210004.74181 U 4.80818 > 8.681817.11272 U 7.21272 > 6.51181

#1 U #2 Rune OV

5.15454 U 5.20909 > 4.710904.79090 U 4.64636 > 8.579098.60909 U 8.68181 > 7.860005.15454 U 5.21000 > 4.710908.61000 U 8.68181 > 7.860005.57181 U 6.51181 > 5.49272

Rune overall

Let’s compare to our Al2/Fe

This material would come together in the North and South Poles. It would come together in the Wave Pole. With feeble repelling in the East, Wake, and West, Poles. This is why we have the minute flaws. Yet notice, the low slow numerations are present, if anything will effect dark matter this design will. What is left to do is union Rune Overall with the Al2Fe, to see what is formed.

Rune OV U Al2Fe > Structure of material 4.71090 U 5.36545 > 4.580008.57909 U 5.48818 > 6.394547.86000 U 8.94272 > 7.637274.71090 U 5.36636 > 4.580907.86000 U 8.94363 > 7.638185.49272 U 6.70818 > 5.54636

At this point I can see where the micro fractures are coming from. We would have attractions on the north, east, west, wave, and wake. The flaw would be at the South Pole.

For the most part each segment would form inner-metallic compounds. The regions

themselves would have a fine line of separation.

Structure of Material

So the S.M. region becomes the molecular mold to hold the material together in. Notice the East of S.M. is low, where the East of Al2Fe, is high. They will draw together. The South Pole becomes the weak link, between the inter-metallic compound regions. It makes me wonder, if adding a .05% of Cu, to the alloy would eliminate the problem. Let’s see. In Rune field Cu .05% U Al2Fe > .05%CuAl2Fe U Rune O.A > Al2Fe.05%Cu.361045 U 5.36545 > 5.20636 U 4.71090 > 9.01545

.369318 U 5.48818 > 5.32636 U 8.57909 > 6.32090

.300909 U 8.94272 > 8.40363 U 7.86000 > 7.39272

.361045 U 5.36636 > 5.20636 U 4.71090 > 9.01545

.300909 U 8.94363 > 8.40454 U 7.86000 > 7.39272

.4513635 U 6.70818 > 6.50909 U 5.49272 > 5.45545

Material with .05% Cu

Everything about the addition of Copper indicates to me that it makes the problem worse. When compared to the goal of forming the ideal Al2Fe, material.

The material with .05% Cu, is very close to Tb. Lets view Tb. The oxide of Tb, is chocolate or dark maroon color. The above material should be maroon in color as well. It is a rare element of the lanthanide series. It has 19 isotopes, used in solid state devices. The oxide has potential application as an activator for green phosphors used in color TV Tubes; That is used to dope calcium fluoride, calcium, tungstate, and strontium molybdate. Sodium terbium borate is used as a laser material and emits coherent light at 5460A. In 1982 it cost $600.00 a pound. It can only be remelted in a vacuum furnace.

Terbium (Tb)

Compared to the subset of Al2Fe, 05%Cu. formed in the Rune field.

The major variance is the east, and south poles, even at that they are in the same first digit range. On all 6 poles. For every intent this material would act as an isotope of Tb; I digress, yet when I see examples like the above, I notice it. Cu, at .05% won’t work. Let’s try something else. Let’s try Bismuth (Bi), at .05% and see what happens.

Bi X .05% > .05%Bi U Al2Fe > Al2Fe.05%Bi 5.93636 X .296815 U 5.36545 > 5.14727 6.07181 X .3035905 U 5.48818 > 5.265454.94727 X .2473635 U 8.94272 > 8.355455.93636 X .296815 U 5.36636 > 5.148184.94727 X .2473635 U 8.94363 > 8.35547.42090 X .371045 U 6.70818 > 6.43545

I won’t bother to show the 6 pole block, all the arrows are pointed outward. Similar to Ta,. Ta, would have an entry on the east, wake, and exits on the rest of the poles. These numerations would throw the first numerations off in the Al2Fe. In a similar manner as .05% Cu, does. They I believe would land in the 8. Grouping, were our desired field is in the 5 group. At this point I will do further research, to determine what to use. Good examples for the student to follow

The Al2Fe, goal of Rune field

At this point I think that the NaSiO3, should be taken out because this alloy appears to interfere, with the desired result’s. From a six pole view, that is.

The above union with SiO4, is outside coating on the iron plates.

I will apply the Fe/Pb/C, into the SiO4, then will apply the copper windings. I think that after that another coating of SiO4, needs to be applied to get the rune overall. Then we will be able to see how the structure fits in with Al2Fe, target material. Rune Structure Minus NaSiO3

FePbC. U SiO4 > Rune field U Cu, windings (Cu,W) > First stage R.(F#R)6.40545 U 5.69000 > 5.49818 U 7.22090 > 5781815.45000 U 4.57818 > 4.55818 U 7.38636 > 5.429095.33818 U 4.74181 > 4.58181 U 6.01818 > 4.818186.40636 U 5.69090 > 5.49909 U 7.22181 > 5.782725.33909 U 4.74181 > 4.58272 U 6.01818 > 4.819095.58363 U 7.11272 > 5.77090 U 9.02727 > 6.72636 Al2Fe,F#RQ F#R U SiO4 > Rune overall (F#R+Q) U Al2Fe > Material in field#5.78181 U 5.69000 > 5.21454 U 5.36545 > 4.809095.42909 U 4.57818 > 4.54909 U 5.48818 > 4.993634.81818 U 4.74181 > 8.69090 U 8.94272 > 8.015455.78272 U 5.69090 > 5.21545 U 5.36636 > 4.810004.81909 U 4.74181 > 8.69090 U 8.94363 > 8.015456.72636 U 7.11272 > 6.29090 U 6.70818 > 5.90909

The material will be drawn in on the wave, east, west, and wake. Let’s view the rune.

RuneOVF#RQ

The RuneOVF#RQ, Fits as well as any design I have seen. All of the first numbers except for the East, match the first number grouping. Even the east pole is in the high end of Its side. Everything else fits like a hand in a glove.At this point I want to change direction. The calculations show the condition of which the elements will fit into as far as what they become with the merging conditions imposed upon them by their unions. What has been left out so far is how do we use this? For that we have to go back to the discoveries of Hans Oersted, and Michael Faraday. Let’s see what these scientists discovered. Hans Oersted of Denmark discovered, that an electric current sets up a magnetic field around a wire in which the current is flowing. When the wire is wrapped into loops one face of the lire loop becomes at North Pole while the opposite face of the loop forms a South Pole. Michael Faraday and James Maxwell determined the time was altered by the presence of a magnetic field. Maxwell states: a magnetic field is induced in “any” region of space in which an electric field is changing with time. The magnitude of the induced magnetic field is “proportional” to the rate at which the electric field changes. And the direction of the induced magnetic field is at right angles to the changing electric field.

The work of Faraday, and Maxwell, is an extension to Hans Oerated’s, discovery. I will use Oersted’s, findings. A moving electrical charge produces; a magnetic field that is

produced by the current flow, which forms around a current carrying conductor. The polarity of the magnet is determined by the currents direction. That by reversing the direction of the current flow causes a directional change in the magnetic field; South becomes North; North replaces South.

With these basic facts, along with others I will mention later. I personally would like to know. Who established that there is only one type of electron? Who established the fact, that positrons are holes that the electrons try to fill up, which causes current flow (fall), through? Scientists have proven that water dipoles will form into a magnetic alignment, yet they are molecular in charge. There are so many examples of magnetic and molecular forces in matter, as to be able to fill thousands of books explosive devices that require no electrical

charge. Explosive devices are made up of, to quite an extent, (not all of course) from non-electrical conducting elements. Yet it is proven when an explosion occurs that a magnetic field is given of as a result.

In order for the rune to be understood, there is going to have to be the realization that in the least, there are molecular forces emitted from the rune field. I believe that I have been able to prove that there are numerous types of electrons associated with the elements. Some are more magnetic oriented, some are more related to the molecular forces, while others are the electrons used in lighting, heat, forming magnetic fields in conductive windings, at the expense of causing heat to form in the, example Cu, wire, Al, wire, and to a lesser degree, Ag, wire. It is also done at the expense of the deterioration at the elemental level in the windings. A permanent magnet has no heat emissions.

The Oersteds discovery, Faraday and Maxwell’s work speak for them selves. Maxwell states: A magnetic field is induced in any region of space in which an electric field is changing with time. Further the magnitude of the induced magnetic field is proportional to the rate at which the electric field changes. The direction of the induced magnetic field is at right angles to the changing electric field.

I have used a criss-cross winding in the design of the runes. I have done this to cause a counter force at the section of the crossed wiring, even in the ceramic runes with the oxide Cu, with NaSiO3. The cross hatch design causes confusion in space time to the flow of dark and black matter. The dark matter, is caused to rise up from the rune, in a similar manner as the Cu, wire rose up with Oersted’s discovery. This is why the rune becomes attracted to the base of the crucible. The source of energy to power the rune is the induction furnace.

Dark and black matter form convergence points into the crucible, with the ceramic runes and would with the electrical rune, provided that the electrical rune is far enough from the crucible as to prevent the induction furnace from melting it down. It is possible that a violent explosion would occur, if the electric rune were to be destroyed in such a manner. That said there are numerous ways to construct runes, which can be made of diverse materials. These runes used are convergence runes. They can also be built to repel different elements and combinations of elements. I hope that this text will give the student the power of the Simulacrum mathematics, to help in that endeavor. Although the mathematics is proprietary to W.G. Simco LLC and can only be used by my permission. I do not want unregulated copies to be printed. In order to explain my technologies, I have to be free to open up other areas of research. This is done for the benefit of the student for their own work.

Motors and Generators

Electric motors consist of a laminated core wrapped with loops of Cu, Wire. The loops themselves are dependent on the horsepower requirements of its design.

The armature sits inside a metal tube that has either electromagnetic magnetic fields or permanent Magnets.

The brushes put electrical power to the armature, through the commutator. In theory The north portion of the armature is repelled by the north oriented magnets and attracted to the south oriented magnet. The south portion of the armature, is repelled by the south magnet and attracted to the north oriented magnet. Then the commentator reverses power into the copper windings and the process starts over again.

I will point out that this design, has power applied virtual one hundred percent of the time because the brush to commutator switching, is done instantly. The linear motors, on the other hand are constructed of either a solid steel shaft, or a hollow tube of steel which is incased by steel alloyed end caps. Inside the windings are

made continuous and in stages.

The linear design sits inside a steel tube, that has South or North oriented magnets pointing inwards. So there is no north and south magnetic configuration inside the tube.

What the end caps provide is two fold. 1. The alloys cut through the magnetic fields with no or reduced emf forces which are the forces behind dynamic braking in a standard motor. 2. The caps act as inward reflector for the magnetic forces. In a sense it is similar to a laser; the magnetic forces are bounced back and forth through the coil liberating the electrons. The only way out for the electrons is the wiring. The wiring is restricted by the resistance of the windings, leaving a magnetic residue in the coil, where the magnetic forces, set the stage for further action, and restricts the entry of energy from a power source. The system has a potential draw of current from the power source only 25% of the time, in its contact with the commutator. The system also has a cross hatch winding at the end of construction. These act as a choke winding to tone down the high frequency energy given off. The calculations are indicative of the magnetic fields that the magnets emit. The coil should be constructed in the following manner

*1Pb U Sn, > close,Ru? Bi, > Pb,Sn,Bi, U Cu Wire> *1,Cu,. 5.88636 U 6.74363 > 5.74090 U 5.93636 > 5.30818 U 7.22090 > 5.695456.02090 U 6.89727 > 5.87181 U 6.04363 > 5.41636 U 7.38636 > 5.819094.90545 U 5.62000 > 4.78454 U 4.90454 > 8.80818 U 6.01818 > 6.739095.88727 U 6.74363 > 5.74181 U 5.93636 > 5.30818 U 7.22181 > 5.695454.90636 U 5.62000 > 4.78454 U 4.90454 > 8.80818 U 6.01818 > 6.739097.53909 U 8.43000 > 7.17727 U 7.38636 > 6.62000 U 9.02727 > 7.11272 This shows cores numerations, next the Cu, winding over the core. Then the end caps.

Core Material

With the Cu, wire coiled on the core.

All of the energy, from the core is slamming into the Cu, windings. Now for the end caps.We will calculate the windings after both caps are calculated. *1 U Fe, > *1,Fe U Pb,Sn,Bi, > end cap 15.69545 U 6.34636 > 5.47363 U 5.30818 > 4.900905.81909 U 6.49181 > 5.59636 U 5.41636 > 5.005456.73909 U 5.28909 > 5.46727 U 8.80818 > 6.489095.69545 U 6.34727 > 5.47363 U 5.30818 > 4.900906.73909 U 5.28909 > 5.46727 U 8.80818 > 6.489097.11272 U 7.93454 > 6.84000 U 6.62000 > 6.11818

Now these elements have to be run all over again except this time in reverse. Because the numbers change. Bi,U Sn, > 1 U Pb, > 11 U Fe, > 111 U Cu, > 12 U Pb, > 123 U Sn, > 1234 U Bi > *2. Also the coil is 180 degrees opposite on entry through the magnetic field. Bi U Sn > 1 U Pb, > 11 U Fe, > 1115.93636 U 6.74363 > 5.76363 U 5.88636 > 5.29545 U 6.34636 > 5.29181 6.07181 U 6.89727 > 5.89545 U 6.02090 > 5.41636 U 6.49181 > 5.412724.94727 U 5.62000 > 4.80363 U 4.90545 > 8.82636 U 5.28909 > 6.41636

5.93636 U 6.74363 > 5.76363 U 5.88727 > 5.29636 U 6.34727 > 5.292724.94727 U 5.62000 > 4.80363 U 4.90636 > 8.82727 U 5.28909 > 6.416367.42090 U 8.43000 > 7.21000 U 7.35909 > 6.62272 U 7.93454 > 6.61727 Continuation of cap subsets 111 U Cu, > 12 U Pb,Sn,Bi,> Opposite, end cap 25.29181 U 7.22090 > 5.68727 U 5.30818 > 4.99818 5.41272 U 7.38636 > 5.81818 U 5.41636 > 5.106366.41636 U 6.01818 > 5.65181 U 8.80818 > 6.572725.29272 U 7.22181 > 5.68818 U 5.30818 > 4.998186.41636 U 6.01818 > 5.65181 U 8.80818 > 6.572726.61727 U 9.02727 > 7.11090 U 6.62000 > 6.24181

Even though we are dealing with the same elements, the order in which they are put will determine a different out come in subset numerations. Magnetic energy will enter the coil through the end caps. So this has to calculated, in their impact with the Cu, wire. That subset was established from the core outwards. Now for the interplay between the end caps through the core and Copper wire region.

Here I want to clarify that just as white light is broken into different light spectrums by a prism. It is quite possible that gravity (dark matter), is the white light of magnetic forces. This causes gravity to break down into the spectrums of magnetic and molecular forces due to the elemental interaction. In other words the elements become the prism of gravity.It then becomes important to study how to use that knowledge through mathematics. Subset interaction of the combined elements

*1 is the Pb,Sn,Bi,Cu. We have union *1 with end cap 1. Form that subset the union *1 with end cap 11, after that we union the two sets together to determine the overall stage of the coil.

*1 U (E.C.)1 > *1(E.C.) 1 *1 U (E.C.)11 > *1(E.C.)11 5.69545 U 4.90090 > 4.81636 5.69545 U 4.99818 > 4.860905.81909 U 5.00545 > 4.92000 5.81909 U 5.10636 > 4.966366.73909 U 6.48909 > 6.01272 6.73909 U 6.57272 > 6.050905.69545 U 4.90090 > 4.81636 5.69545 U 4.99818 > 4.860906.73909 U 6.48909 > 6.01272 6.73909 U 6.57272 > 6.050907.11272 U 6.11818 > 6.01454 7.11272 U 6.24181 > 6.07000

In order to understand the coil field we need to union *1(E.C.)1 with *1(E.C.)11.

*1(E.C.) U *1 (E.C.) 11> Coil field4.81636 U 4.86090 > 8.797274.92000 U 4.96636 > 8.987276.01272 U 6.05090 > 5.483634.81636 U 4.86090 > 8.797276.01272 U 6.05090 > 5.483636.01454 U 6.07000 > 5.49272

The next item on the list is to determine the Nd,B,Fe, magnetic field. Nd U B > Nd,B, U Fe,. > Neodymium field8.19545 U 7.67272 > 7.21272 U 6.34636 > 6.163636.05454 U 5.66909 > 5.32909 U 6.49181 > 5.373636.83000 U 6.39636 > 6.01181 U 5.28909 > 5.137278.19636 U 7.67272 > 7.21363 U 6.34727 > 6.164546.83000 U 6.39818 > 6.01272 U 5.28909 > 5.137275.12272 U 4.79909 > 9.02000 U 7.93454 > 7.70636

Now to union the Neo, field to the Coil field.Neo,field U Coil,field > Coil Energy It is no wonder why it has so much 6.16363 U 8.79727 > 6.80090 Power. 090, 090, 000. Are the low5.37363 U 8.98727 > 6.52818 est, most powerful emission’s and5.13727 U 5.48363 > 4.82818 Further more they are driven by6.16454 U 8.79727 > 6.80090 some of the highest numbers possi5.13727 U 5.48363 > 4.82818 -ble. 818, 818, 818.7.70636 U 5.49272 > 6.00000

All the forces are going into the coil; the only exit is the wake. This simulates north, or south poles. I believe that the other poles are often mistaken for the north or south poles.

It really would be a good idea for the student to study magnetism. One source I would recommend is General Chemistry, by James E. Brady and Gerard E. Humiston, the third edition is the copy I have. Pages,668 through 670. I am going to quote some of this because, it deals with unpaired electrons. (quote) page 669. Related to the property of para-magnetism is the phenomenon called ferromagnetism, observed for the three pure elements, iron, cobalt, and nickel. Ferromagnetic materials, the paramagnetic ones, are also attracted to a magnetic field; however, the magnitude of the interaction for the ferromagnetic substance is approximately a million times stronger than it is with para magnetic materials. The origin of ferromagnetism is the same as para-magnetism. That is the existence of unpaired electrons in the ferromagnetic material. In these substances it is “believed” (not proven) that regions exist, called domains, that contain very large numbers of paramagnetic atoms with their atomic magnets all lined up in the same direction.

From the Simulacrum point of view; what causes the atomic domains to line up? Every time I read articles like this I can’t help but to find it quite humorous. There is only so much that can be explained by electron spin and electron orbital’s. The electron microscope destroys much of the magnetic and paramagnetic electrons, before they are even detected. The only electrons that are left are the most durable. In the near future, I hope to build a less intrusive scope.

For a vast majority of this text, I have been running calculations, that show the orientation of the atoms and their associated electrons, and their relationship in the filtering of dark matter. Dark matter is filtered slowed, into our space time and converged into a magnetic or molecular force. That the electrons play a part I have no doubt. What I do doubt is the conventional wisdom and theory pertaining to ferromagnetic fields. Gravity has always been under rated, especially if gravity is the white light of Magnetism, as mentioned on page, 63.

There are numerous examples of magnetic forces being given off through the imposition

of energy. One of those would be the induction furnace dealing with the molten metals. The rune works because a magnetic force is given of thus exciting the electrons of the rune material. This causes a counter magnetic force in the form of convergence lenses into the crucible, explosions create magnetic emissions. Photon bombardment from the sun gives rise to magnetism in photoelectric materials. Fusion reactions create magnetic emissions and so on.

I would also like to (quote) Conceptual Physics by Paul G. Hewitt, third edition. © copyrighted in 1971, 1974 and 1977, Page 350. The magnetic field of individual iron atoms is so strong that interaction among adjacent atoms causes large clusters of them to line up with each other. These clusters of aligned atoms are called magnetic domains. Each domain is perfectly magnetized, being made up of millions of aligned atoms. The domains are extremely small and a crystal of iron contains many of them. Every piece of

iron however, is not a magnet. This is because the domains in the material are not aligned. Consider a common iron nail; the domains in the nail are randomly oriented they can be induced into alignment, however, by bringing a magnet nearby. It is interesting to listen with an amplified stethoscope to the clickity clack of the domains undergoing alignment in a piece of iron when a strong magnet is brought nearby. (end quote)

Up until now, I have only skimmed the surface, for the sake of simplicity I have only given the student the rough outline, although it is an accurate example, it is not the full extent possible. Let’s bring back the Neodymium magnet.

Nd U B > Nd,B, U Fe,. > Neodymium field8.19545 U 7.67272 > 7.21272 U 6.34636 > 6.163636.05454 U 5.66909 > 5.32909 U 6.49181 > 5.373636.83000 U 6.39636 > 6.01181 U 5.28909 > 5.137278.19636 U 7.67272 > 7.21363 U 6.34727 > 6.164546.83000 U 6.39818 > 6.01272 U 5.28909 > 5.137275.12272 U 4.79909 > 9.02000 U 7.93454 > 7.70636Normally I would union Nd,B with the Neodymium field. As well as all the other subsets thought out the examples. Nd,B, U Neofield > Overall7.21272 U 6.16363 > 6.080005.32909 U 5.37363 > 4.86454 6.01181 U 5.13727 > 5.068187.21363 U 6.16454 > 6.080906.01272 U 5.13727 > 5.068189.02000 U 7.70636 > 7.60272

The domains should align in a manner similar to what is known. This means the union of these domains is aligned with each other, and so on. If the student observes that in the text book this should help to make sense. Yet for practical purposes I will still union east to east and west to west although other alignments are possible,

Such as East, to West, or other combinations.

Neo,overall U Neo,overall > Domain alignment6.08000 U 6.08000 > 5.527274.86454 U 4.86454 > 8.517275.06818 U 5.06818 > 4.607276.08090 U 6.08090 > 5.528185.06818 U 5.06818 > 4.607277.60272 U 7.60272 > 6.91181

I will give one more example, of the alignments.

Neo,DA U Neo,DA > alignment U alignment > continues One more time 5.52727 U 5.52727 > 5.02454 U 5.02454 > 4.56818 U 4.56818 > 8.51727 U 8.51727 > 7.74272 U 7.74272 > 7.03909 U 7.03909 >4.60727 U 4.60727 > 8.37727 U 8.37727 > 7.61545 U 7.61545 >5.52818 U 5.52818 > 5.02545 U 5.02545 > 4.56909 U 4.56909 >4.60727 U 4.60727 > 8.37727 U 8.37727 > 7.61545 U 7.61545 >6.91181 U 6.91181 > 6.28363 U 6.28363 > 5.71272 U 5.71272 >Once more8.30545 For this example, I am going to let the student make the box. 6.39909 This way you can determine which way the arrows are directed.6.92363 Yet at some late date, the alignment will fall back, to the first box8.30727 dealing with this subject. When these are viewed by marking the 6.92363 magnetic field, the north, will have energy go from it into the wake 5.19363 and east. The south will have energy go from it into the Wave and West. Which would be established iron filings. Dealing with the neodymium domain alignment above, North starts with a 5.52727.

A magnetite magnet (Fe3O4) is a natural occurring magnet on the earth. Magnetite was magnetized by the earths magnetic fields. I am now going to use the four pole charts and run the equations of how it becomes magnetized. O U Fe > 1# U O > 2# U Fe > 3# U O > 7.27181 U 6.24636> 6.19000 U 7.27181> 6.11909 U 6.34636> 5.66636 U 7.27181>7.27272 U 6.34727> 6.19090 U 7.27272> 6.12000 U 6.34727> 5.66727 U 7.27272>6.06090 U 5.28909> 5.15909 U 6.06090> 5.10000 U 5.28909> 4.72272 U 6.06090>4.54545 U 7.93454> 5.67272 U 4.54545> 4.64545 U 7.93454> 5.71818 U 4.54545> 4# U Fe > 5# U O > 6# A5.88090 U 6.34636> 5.55818 U 7.27181> 5.83181 5.59545 5.88181 U 6.34727> 5.55909 U 7.27272> 5.83272 1# U 2#> 5.596364.90181 U 5.28909> 4.63272 U 6.06090> 4.86090 4.663634.66545 U 7.93454> 5.72727 U 4.54545> 4.66909 4.69000

B C 1a U C > Overall 5.24909 U 5.17727 4.92909 U 5.17727> 4.59363 3# U 4# >5.25000 3# U 4# > 5.17818 AUB> 4.93000 U 5.17818> 4.59464 8.75000 8.63090 6.09727 U 8.63090> 6.69454 4.72000 4.72545 8.55454 U 4.72545> 6.03636

Lets compare a Fe3O4 magnet to an Alnico Magnet.

What should be observed in this example that both sets of magnets are North in direction. The Next would be that where Alnicos numerations are high, Magnetite’s numerations are low. As denoted by the 6, at the north pole of Alnico, and the 4, on the north of Magnetite. The box in the center of Alnico denotes that the end numerations the last 3 are in the high grouping of magnetic electrons, and the Magnetite last 3 numerations are in the low end of magnetic electrons, which is denoted by a X.

Sometimes more is just that. The six pole charts are harder to calculate and interpret. The 4 pole charts are easier to calculate and to plot. The six pole charts will give a much more detailed picture, yet its cumbersome nature is such that, I only use it, in really detailed work. Mapping out magnetic fields are not one of them. The 4 pole charts are just fine. So where does dark matter come from?

EXAMPLE

I believe in the vastness of the universe, that black holes ( suns) continually form and dissipate. Black suns sheds dark matter that will compact together to form matter in regions of space. Which are formed by a 360 spherical degree convergence that forms a light emitting Sun. Also Planets are formed in a similar manner.

Dark and Black Matter

The illusion of the distortion of time occurs, as dark and black matter are slowing in the convergence region. Not all dark and black matter form matter. Most of it in fact escapes the region unaffected, and reaccelerates up into the ultra light speed velocities, that is their normal state, (similar to the acceleration of light photons after escaping a prism.). A Myriad of dark and black matter particles fill up I would guess of 99% of all matter, and matter that is possible. If it were possible to cause dark and black matter particles to exist in the same space time as ours. The universe would become a solid mass, that is how extensive ( I believe) these particles are.

From an academic point of view the knowledge is fascinating, yet it has little practical application. The application side of the knowledge is the formation of matter; from dark and black matter; and how to use it in a practical manner. That side can only come through extensive study on the part of the student. I believe that people are looking forward to this Simulacrum Text, yet I will state; it is only a small portion of the knowledge available in science. The student must study other reference books dealing with chemistry, physics and a host of other scientific material, to reach the state where this text can be of help. Dark and black matter could be used for new communication systems, that would exceed the speed of light, which should be able to penetrate, through most matter with useable detectable signals, enough of that for now. I am going to show the subsets for the alnico magnet.

It is because of distortions to subatomic particles, caused by variations in velocity by the intrusion of matter that gravity has been miss-understood. The knowledge of super strings in empty space, or the proof that quarks exist; is useless unless that knowledge is used in applications more down to earth. It there fore has been my endeavor through the creation of the subset charting, to compare known to unknowns. Iron, is a magnetic element it is classified as ferromagnetic, because of it’s becoming a magnet under certain conditions. An alnico magnet is a manmade magnet. It is comprised of 50% Fe, 20% Ni, 20% Al, 10% Co. I will calculate the elements of the Alnico magnet; to determine if its overall matches that of Iron, and a Fe3O4 magnet.

It looks as if the normal formation of these materials will be.NiUFe> ^1,UAl > ^2, U Fe> ^3,Uco> ^4 U Fe>^5,U Ni,> ^6, U Fe,>^7, U Al,> ^8, U Fe,> ^9, U ^1 U ^2, etc, I will run them now. Alnico Magnet Ni U Fe > ^1 U Al > ^2 U Fe > ^3 U Co6.67000 U 6.34636 > 5.91636 U 6.13181 > 5.47636 U 6.34636 > 5.37363 U 6.69272 >6.67090 U 6.34727 > 5.91727 U 6.13272 > 5.47727 U 6.34727 > 5.37454 U 6.69818 >5.55636 U 5.28909 > 4.93000 U 5.11090 > 4.56454 U 5.28909 > 8.95818 U 5.58181 >8.33454 U 7.93454 > 7.39454 U 7.66636 > 6.84636 U 7.93454 > 6.71909 U 8.37272 > ^4 U Fe > ^5 U Ni > ^6 U Fe > ^7 U Al >5.48727 U 6.34636 > 5.38909 U 6.67000 > 5.47727 U 6.34636 > 5.37454 U 6.13181 >5.48818 U 6.34727 > 5.38000 U 6.67090 > 5.47818 U 6.34727 > 5.37545 U 6.13272 >6.60909 U 5.28909 > 5.40818 U 5.55636 > 4.98363 U 5.28909 > 4.66909 U 5.11090 >6.86000 U 7.93454 > 6.72454 U 8.33454 > 6.57272 U 7.93454 > 6.59454 U 7.66637 > ^8 U Fe > ^9 ^1 U ^2 > ^a ^3 U ^4 > 5.23000 U 6.34636 > 5.26181 5.91636 U 5.47636 > 5.04181 5.37363 U 5.48727 >5.23090 U 6.34727 > 5.26272 5.91727 U 5.47727 > 5.04272 5.37454 U 5.48818 >8.89090 U 5.28909 > 6.44545 4.93000 U 4.56454 > 8.63181 8.95818 U 6.60909 >6.48272 U 7.93454 > 6.55363 7.39545 U 6.84636 > 6.47363 6.71909 U 6.86000 > ^b ^5 U ^6 > ^c ^7 U ^8 > ^d U ^9 >4.93727 5.37909 U 5.47727 > 4.93454 5.37454 U 5.23000 > 4.82000 U 5.26181 >4.93817 5.38000 U 5.47818 > 4.03545 5.37545 U 5.23090 > 4.82090 U 5.26272 >7.07636 5.40818 U 4.98363 > 4.72363 4.66909 U 8.89090 > 6.61363 U 6.44545 >6.17272 6.72454 U 6.57272 > 6.04454 6.59454 U 6.48272 > 5.94454 U 6.55363 > ^e ^a U ^b > ^x ^c U ^d > ^y U ^e >

4.58272 5.04181 U 4.93727 > 9.07181 4.93454 U 4.82090 > 8.86818 U 4.58272 >4.58363 5.04272 U 4.93818 > 9.07272 4.93545 U 4.82090 > 8.86909 U 4.58363 >5.73181 8.63181 U 7.07636 > 7.14000 4.72363 U 6.16363 > 4.94909 U 5.73181 >5.68090 6.47363 U 6.17272 > 5.74818 6.04454 U 5.94454 > 5.45000 U 5.68090 >

A ^z ^x U ^y > ^z2 U ^z > Overall6.11454 9.07181 U 8.86818 > 8.15454 U 6.11454 > 6.486366.11454 9.07272 U 8.86909 > 8.15545 U 6.11454 > 6.486364.85545 7.14000 U 4.94909 > 5.49545 U 4.85545 > 4.705455.06000 5.74818 U 5.45000 > 5.09000 U 5.06000 > 4.61363

Iron, Magnetite, and Alnico, are all lined up in similar subset patterns. It is not true of all magnets though. This is why I think there are different Electrons involved which creates similar effects, with different forms of magnetic energy. Take for example the subset overall of Neodymium field, with 4 poles. Page 67, Shows it in 6 poles, if the east and west pole were dropped it would show the 4 pole outcome.

4 Pole Nd, magnetic field.

It should not come as too much of a surprise, because Cu, is magnetic with an electric

field.

At this time the student should notice, that the Neodymium and the Alcomax 111, is very similar to the Neodymium. All of the first numbers on both 4 pole, are in the same grouping, whereas, the Alnico, in the top diagram, is inverted or opposed to the Fe3O4 magnet. And their numbers are very close. Also as a side note, the Cu, structure is very similar it vector states as the Neodymium magnet. Again crosses are the low numerations at the end 3, and the box are High numerations at the end 3. It would be a good exercise to see if the students have an understanding the subsets by calculating the Alcomax 111 magnet. It is comprised of Al, 16% Ni, 27% Co, 48% C, 7.4%.

Let’s change gears. Sodium (Na,), is the only element in the group one table of the periodic elements. That under electrolysis Na, condenses rather than boils off. I believe that the 4 pole charts indicate a form of energy regulator function with Na,. Also NaSiO3

Sodium, water glass (NaSiO4) High numbers are the north and south poles as opposed to the Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) which are low numbers, etc. They all regulate electrons each, in their own way. Each in their own way store the energy. By the way Sodium is the only element in the charts that mathematically came out this way.

SIMULACRUM MATHEMATICAL CHARTS

COPYRIGHT © 1989

By Wayne Griswold

LanthanideErbium, atomic number 68, was discovered in minerals Krypton, atomic number 36, discovered in 1898 byOf dysprosium, in 1842 Mosander separated yttria Ramsay and Travers in residue left after liquid airFound in the mineral gadolinite. There were 3 fractions was boiled off. Noble gas, used commercially withYttria, erbia and terbia. After 1860 it bas known as erbia argon gas as low pressure filling gas for fluorescentAnd after 1877, it went from the name of became terbia, lighting. Used for high speed photography, it has aIt consists of 5 oxides in 1905 Urbain and James inden- high cost. For more information reference the CRCPendently, succeeded isolated pure Er2O2, In 1934 Klemm handbook and other sources.And James formed pure erbium by reducing the anhydrousChloride with potassium vapor. The metal is soft ductal andBright silvery in color. For more information reference the CRC, handbook, and other sources.

- Lanthanide 1A group.Thulium, atomic number 69. Discovered in 1879 by Cleve. Rubidium, atomic number 37. Discovered in 1861 byOccurs in small quantities along with other rare earths. Bunsen and Kirchoff. In the mineral lepidolite it is theObtained from monazite, was least abundant of the earths 16th most abundant of earths elements. It can be liquid Elements. Until new sources were discovered. It is now at room temperature. It is kept in mineral oil or vac-About as rare as silver etc. It is a silvery grey soft malleable uum. For more information reference the CRC, And ductile in pure form it is bright and silvery. For more handbook and other sources.Information reference the CRC handbook and other sources.

Lanthanide LanthanideYtterbium, atomic number 70. Discovered in 1878 by Lutetium, atomic number 71. Discovered in 1907 byMarignac. In 1907 Urbain separated it into two comp- Urbain, described by Marignac’a yetterbium 1879 Onents, he called neoytterbia and lutecia. A member could be separated into two elements, yetterbium andOf the rare earth. Recovered from monazite sand. Has lutetium, 0ccurs in small amounts in minerals contain-A bright silvery color, soft malleable, ductile. Needs to ing yettrium. For more information reference the CRCBe stored in closed containers to protect it from air and handbook and other sources. Moisture. Used for grain refinement of stainless steel.For more information reference the CRC handbook andOther sources.

Strontium, atomic number 38, belongs to the 11A Yttrium, atomic number 39. belongs to the 111B of Group of the periodic table. Discovered in 1808 by the periodic table. Discovered in 1794 by GadolinDavy with electrolysis. Adair Crawford found it in in ytterby a small town close to Stockholm, that has1790 in a mineral stontianite, it differed from other a quarry which has yielded many rare earths, erbium barium minerals. Fresh Sr, is silverfish, yet turns terbium, and ytterbium along with yttrium. Wohler, yellowish in color when in oxide state. For more formed the impure element in 1828. For more inform- information reference the CRC, handbook and ation, reference the CRC, handbook and other, other sources. Sources.

Hafnium, atomic number 72, belongs to the 1VB Scandium, atomic number 21, belongs to the 111B group Group of the periodic table. Discovered in 1923, by of the periodic table. Discovered in1879, by spectrosco-D. Coster and G. Von Heversey. By the basis of the pically, Lecoq de Boisbaudran found in the mineral Bohr theory. Identified with zircon, from Norway. Samarskite, named in honor of a Russian mine official, Based upon, X-ray spectroscope, was named in honor Col, Samarski. It is found among other rare earth Of the city where the discovery was made. Zirconium elements one is monazite and another is bastnasite. And hafnium are two of the most difficult to separate which are mined commercially. Used in making perm-As their chemistry is almost identical. For more inform- magnets. For more information reference the CRCation Reference the CRC handbook and other sources. Handbook and other sources.

Tantalum, atomic number 73, belongs to the VB Zirconium, atomic number, 40, belongs to the 1VB Group of the periodic table, Discovered in, 1802 group of the periodic table. Discovered in impure formBy Ekeberg, yet many chemists thought niobium and by Berzelius in 1824, yet first observed by Klaproth inTantalum were identical. Then Rose, in 1844, and 1789, when he analyzed a jaron from Ceylon, which Marignac, in 1866, proved that niobic and tantalic Werner named Zircon. Pure zirconium was prepared inAcids were different. Tantalum’s melting point, 1914, grayish white lustrous metal. For more inform-Is exceeded only by tungsten and rhenium. For more ation reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.Information reference the CRC, handbook and otherSources.

Tungsten, atomic number 74, belongs to the VIB Sodium, atomic number 11, belongs to the IA group of Group of the periodic table. Discovered in for the periodic table. Discovered by Davy in 1807, by electro-First time in a mineral now known as wolramite, lysis of caustic soda, essential for life. The most commonKnown as wolfram, in 1779, Peter Woulf examined compound is sodium chloride, yet occurs in many other The mineral and determined it contained a new ele- minerals. In a reduced metal it is soft bright silver which Ment.in 1781 Scheele discovered a new acid of it. Floats on water. Sodium vapor is used to collect KCl,Scheele and Bergman, determined that a new element RbCl, and CsCl, vapors because of their melting tempat-Could be found by reducing the acid. It has the highest ures, Sodium condenses and the other metals evaporatesMelting point and lowest vapor pressure of all metals. Under these conditions. For more information referenceFor more information, reference the CRC, handbook the CRC, hand book and other sources. And other sources,

Niobium, atomic number 41, belongs to the VB Rhenium, atomic number 75, belongs to the VIIBGroup of the periodic table, discovered int1841, group of the periodic table, discovered in 1925, byMosander by extracting it from cerite, a rose Noddack, tacke, and Berg. It was detected in platinumColored oxide. In 1885, von Welsbach separated ores. Is obtained in the U.S. from molybdentie roasterDidymium, into two new elements neodymia and flue dust, that comes from copper-sulfide ores. Silvery-Praseodymia. The element was isolated in a pure white it is used as an additive to tungsten, for more infor-Form in 1925. Used in making magnetic fields and mation reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.Glass containing neodymium is used in welders glassAnd in making laser material in place of ruby. For Further information, reference the CRC. HandbookAnd other sources.

Osmium, atomic number 76, belongs to the V111 Molybdenum, atomic number 42, belongs to the V1BGroup of the periodic table, discovered in 1803, by group of the periodic table, discovered in 1778, byTennant, in residue left when crude platinum is dis- Scheele, noted it a distinct from graphite and lead ore. olved in aqua regia. Occurs in iridosime and platinum it is used as an alloying agent for steels and certain nickel bearing river sands in Urals, in North America and based alloys such as Hastelloys that are heat-resistantSouth America. It occurs in nickel ores of the Sudbury, and corrosion resistant to chemical solutions. By product Ontario region. Difficult to fabricate, powered metal, of copper and tungsten mining operations. Application Gives off osmium tetroxide which is highly toxic, missile and aircraft parts and for electronic and electricalLustrous bluish white in color and hard and brittle. For applications. For more information reference the CRC,more information reference the CRC, handbook and handbook and other sources. Other sources.

V111 group.Titanium, atomic number 22, belongs to the 1VB group Iridium, atomic number 77, discovered in 1803, by Of the periodic table, discovered in 1791, by Gregor, Tennant as a residue left from aqua regia, from platin- Named by Klaproth in 1795, Impure metal was prepared ium in an unrefined state. It is similar to platinum, yetBy Nilson and Pettersson, in 1887, was not until 1910, has a yellowish cast. It is the most corrosion resistantThat the pure metal was formed 99.9% by Hunter. In pure metal known. It was used to make the meter bar of Paris.Form it is an lustrous white metal. Easily fabricated is used for apparatuses for high temperature. It is used forcorrosion resistant. For more information reference the electrical contacts. For more information reference the CRC, handbook and other sources CRC, handbook and other sources.

Magnesium, atomic number 12, belongs to the Platinum, atomic number 78, belongs to the V111 group11A group of the periodic table, discovered in of the periodic table, discovered in South America by Ulloaby Davy in 1808, yet was recognized as an element in 1735, Wood also discovered it in 1741. As a metal it wasby Black in 1755. It is light, and silvery white in used by pre-Columbian Indians. It occurs native, and hascolor, obtained mostly by electrolysis from fused traces of iridium, osmium, palladium, ruthenium and rhod-magnesium chloride. It tarnishes in air finely divided ium, as a raw ore. As a wire it is used as a resistant wire forit ignites upon heating. Burns as a white flame. High-temperature electric furnaces. For more information Used in airplane and missile construction. Also used reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.For pyrotechnics, and in bombs. For more informationReference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Technetium, atomic number 43, belongs to the Gold, atomic number 79, belongs to the 1B group of theV11B group of the periodic table. Discovered by periodic table, it was found and used by man for thousandsPerrier and Segre, in 1937 of Italy. It was found of years. (People have even been killed over it.) Found all In a sample of molybdenum. It was the first ele- the world, as a free metal and with telluride’s, quartz or ment to be produced by artificial means. (Duh pyrites. Used in art, electronics, etc. for more informationcould it really be a subset?) For more information reference the CRC, handbook or other sources. reference the CRC, handbook or other sources.

Helium, atomic number 2, belongs with the Mercury, atomic number 80, belongs to the 11B group of theNoble gas section periodic table, discovered in periodic table. Discovered in Egyptian tombs of the 15 th 1886, by Janssen during the solar eclipse he century B.C. It along with gold has been known by man detected a new line in the solar spectrum. It since the dawn of time. It is the only metal that is common was suggested in 1895, by Lockyer and in liquid form at room temperatures. Its chief ore is cinnabar.Frankland that it be named helium. For more It has many uses, yet due to its toxic nature it is being limitedInformation reference the CRC, handbook and in applications. For more information reference the CRC, Other sources. Handbook and other sources.

Hydrogen, atomic number 1, belongs to the Ruthenium, atomic number 44, belongs to the V111 1A group of the periodic table, discovered group of the periodic table. Discovered in 1844 byby Cavendish in 1766. It is the most abundant Klaus, although Osann thought he found 3 new metalselement in the universe, as it makes up 90% taken from crude platinum, in 1827 which contained itof all the atoms and 3/4 of the mass of the in an oxide form. Insoluble in aqua regia. A member ofuniverse. One interesting note, Russian exper- the platinum group. Hard white metal. Ruthenium, molyb-menters may have produced it in metallic form denum alloy is claimed to be super conductive. Highly toxic,at a pressure of 2.8 Mbar. For more information for more information reference the CRC, handbook andreference the CRC, handbook and other sources. other sources.

Vanadium, atomic number 23, belongs to the Thallium, atomic number 81, belongs to the 111A groupVB group of the periodic table. Discovered in of the periodic table, discovered in 1861, using spectro-1801, by del Rio. It was incorrectly labeled only scopically by Crookes. Was isolated by Crookes and Lamyimpure chromium by a French chemist. The ele- in 1862. it occurs in crooksite, lorandite and hutchinsonite.ment was rediscovered in 1830 by Sefstrom. Present in pyrites recovered from roasting. Manganese nod-Roscoe in 1867 purified it in 1927. It is found in ules from the ocean floor also contain it. Freshly exposed to 65 different minerals. It is ductile, and it is a air exhibits a metallic luster, yet develops a bluish, gray bright white metal. It is used as a bonding agent tinge. It is a suspected carcinogenic. It is used as a rodenti- in cladding titanium to steel. It is toxic, for more cide and ant killer in sulfate form. For more information information reference the CRC, handbook and reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.other sources.

Rhodium, atomic number 45, belongs to the Lead, atomic number 82, belongs to the 1VA group of theV111 group of the periodic table, discovered periodic table. Known about, to the earliest alchemists, it hasIn 1803-4 by Wollaston, from a crude platinum been around almost for ever. (good for making bullets I hear)Ore, from South America, it occurs as native There are many uses for lead, batteries electronics, soldering Along with other platinum metals. It is a silvery the newest trend is to limit its uses as it is a carcinogenic. And White metal. It is used as an alloying agent in is responsible for brain damage of young children. For moreHardening platinum. For more information information reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.Reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Chromium, atomic number 24, belongs to the V1B Bismuth, atomic number 83, belongs to the VA group of Group of the periodic table, discovered in 1797, by periodic table, discovered in 1753 Claude Geoffroy and Vauquelin. It is a hard metal that can be polished to Younger, it is a white crystalline brittle metal, it has a pink-A high silvery shine. It finds wide uses in compounds ish ting. Obtained as a by-product from the production ofFor coloring, hardening agent for stainless steel, air- lead refining and of copper, tin silver and gold ores. Its craft industries, for anodizing aluminum. Corrosion is the lowest of metals next to mercury. It has the highestresistant, for more information reference the CRC, negativity known, for more information reference the handbook and other sources. CRC, handbook and other sources.

Polonium, atomic number 84, belongs to the Astatine, atomic number 85, belongs to the VIIA group ofVIA, group of the periodic table, discovered in the periodic table, discovered in 1940, by D.R. Corson,1898,, by Mme Curie. She was seeking the cause E. Segre at the university of California when Bismuth was of radioactivity in pitchblende, which came from bombarded by alpha particles. (Again I question even call-Joachimsthal and Bohemia. The electroscope showed ing these types of materials an element, more like a subset,it as separating along with bismuth. It is also called as it only exists for 8.3 hours) for more information refer-Radton. It abundance is .2% of radium. In 1934, it ence the CRC, handbook and other sources.was found when bismuth 209 was bombarded withneutrons, 210 was formed, for more informationreference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Palladium, atomic number 46, belongs to the Silver, atomic number 47, belongs to the 1B group of theV111, group of the periodic table, discovered periodic table, it was discovered in ancient times. Used forIn 1803 by Wollaston, it is found along with currency, artwork and has excellent electric conduction Other platinum group ores. It has the lowest properties, used in dentistry alloys and a host of otherMelting temperature of the platinum group, it applications. For more information reference the CRC,is steel white in color. White gold is formed by handbook and other sources. the addition of Pd, for more information refer-ence the CRC, handbook and other sources.Pd, absorbs 900 times its volume of H, at room temp.

Aluminum, atomic number 13, belongs to the Manganese, atomic number 25, belongs to the V11B, group 111A, group of the periodic table, discovered in of the periodic table, discovered in 1774, by Gahn, though it 1827, by Wohler, yet was known about in the was determined by Scheele, Bergman and others as an elem-oxide form by the ancient Greeks and Romans, ant, it is used in alloying for steel. It is reactive chemically. they used it as an astringent and for dyeing. It is obtained by the reduction of the oxide with sodium. It isIt wasn’t until the development of electrolysis an important trace element in the vitamin B1, yet it is toxic And the uses of the the Bayer process, refining in dust form in large quantity. For more information refere- By the Hall-Heroult process it has wide spread nce, the CRC, handbook and other sources. uses. For more information reference the CRC,handbook and other sources.

Radon, atomic number 86, belongs to the Lithium, atomic number, 3, belongs to the 1A, group of theNoble gases of the periodic table, discovered periodic table, discovered in1817, by Arfvedson. It is the in 1900, by Dorn. He called it radium emanation, lightest metal known of. ( yet if the Russians, created metallic it is the heaviest gas known. Ramsay and Gray hydrogen like suspected, well?) (reference the question underisolated it in 1908, it is inert. 222, has a half life hydrogen). It has a density of half that of water. It is found in3,823 days it is an alpha emitter. 220 emits from small quantities in all igneous rocks. It is silvery in color and thorium, 219, emits from actinium, it is radioactive. Produced by electrolysis, from fused chloride. There areFor more information reference the CRC, handbook many uses for lithium, for more information reference the And other sources. CRC, book and other sources

Francium, atomic number 87, belongs to the Iron, atomic number 26, belongs to the V111 group of the1A group of the periodic table, discovered in periodic table, has been known about since ancient times. 1939, by Mlle, Marguerite Perey of the Curie (the Anglo-Saxon, loved to make swords and things like thatinstitute, in Paris. It is the heaviest member of out of it. It is used to make numerous commercial productsthe alkali metals, occurs as a result of alpha alloyed in various forms it makes excellent tank armor, eng-disintegration of actinium. (Again I question ines, rifle barrels, so it is possible to shoot the lead bullets,)it as being a valid element. Its half life is 22 Also an iron pillar, dating back to 400 A.D. is still standing inminutes. I would term it a sub set personally) India, it measures, 71/4 m high and 40 cm in diameter. Said tofor more information reference the CRC, hand be constructed 7 generations from Adam. It was Mentioned inbook, and other sources. Genesis, Tubal-Cain, taught iron making. For more inform- ation, reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Nitrogen, atomic number 7, belongs to the VA, Silicon, atomic number 14, belongs to the 1VA, groupgroup of the periodic table, discovered in 1772, of the periodic table, discovered, by Bezelius, in 1824.by Daniel Rutherford. Scheele, Cavendish, he did this by preparing amorphous by heating potassiumPriestly along with others termed it burnt or with silicon tetrafluoride. Then by removing the fluosili-dephlogisticated air. Air without oxygen, it makes cates, with repeated washing. In 1854 Deville prepared up about 78% of the air by volume, ( yet I bet that the first crystalline silicon, which is the second allotropichas changed with pollution). Nitrogen is used in form of the element. Has many uses in glass, simconduct-reference the CRC, handbook and other sources. ers, etc, for more information reference the CRC, hand- book and other sources.

Cadmium, atomic number 48, belongs to the Beryllium, atomic number 4, belongs to the 11A, group11B, group of the periodic table, discovered of the periodic table, discovered in 1798, by Vauquelin inin1817, by Stromeyer, from impurities of Zinc oxide form, in beryl and in emeralds. In 1828, Wohler, andcarbonate. Bluish-white metal that is easy to Bussy, independent of each other. Using the action of pota-cut with a knife. Is a by product of the production ium, on beryllium chloride. Found in about 30 minerals. itof zinc, copper and lead ores. Used for electro- mostly, is produced with the reduction of beryllium fluorideplating, solder, E.M.F. cells for Ni-Cd, batteries. with magnesium metal, it has many uses. For more informat-book and other sources. ion, reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Radium, atomic number 88, belongs to the 11A, Actinium, atomic number 89, belongs to the 111B group ofgroup of the periodic table, discovered in 1898 the periodic table, discovered in 1899, by Andre Debierne by M. and Mme. Curie in pitchblende, uraninite then in 1902, by F. Giesel. It is found along with unraniumof North Bohemia, about 1 g of Ra, in seven tons minerals. The metal is prepared by the reduction of actinium of pitchblende. In 1911 it was isolated by Curie fluoride a lithium vapor. For more information reference theand Debierne using electrolysis of a solution of CRC, handbook and other sources.pure radium chloride. Using a mercury cathode.With the distillation in the atmosphere of theAmalgam yielded the pure metal. For more information reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Indium, atomic number 49, belongs to the 111A, Protactinium, atomic number 91, belongs to the Actinidegroup of the periodic table, discovered in 1800’s group of elements in the periodic table. Discovered by Reich and Richter, ( I don’t think they even in 1913, by Kfajans and O.H. Gohring. It was further know its date of discovery I’m just guessing as well). identified by Hahn and Meitner in 1918. there were alsoAssociated with zinc minerals, iron, copper and lead Soddym Cranston and Fleck working on it as well. ForOres as well. About the same abundance as silver. more information reference the CRC, handbook and It wets glass and gallium. Used in making low melting other sources. Alloys. Making of bearings transistors, rectifiers, etcFor more information reference the CRC, handbookand other sources.

Thorium, atomic number 90, belongs to the Actinide Nickel, atomic number 28, belongs to the V111, groupgroup of the periodic table. Thorium minerals of the periodic table. Discovered in 1751, by Cronstedtare 3 times more abundant than unranium minerals. In kupkernickel, it is found in most meteorites. Silvery Discovered in 1828, by Berzelius. Uses include the white metal takes a high polish, ductile, hard also some-Coating tungsten wire in electronic equipment and what ferromagnetic. Used in coinage, nickel steel, stain-High temperature crucibles, there are numerous other less steel, used in ceramics, Inconel ®, Monel ®, Invar ®uses for it, reference the CRC, handbook and other Hastelloys ®. Copper nickel tubing. For more informationsources. (in the oxide state) reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Cobalt, atomic number 27, belongs to the V111, Neptunium, atomic number 93, belongs to the Actinidegroup of the periodic table, discovered in about group of the periodic table. Discovered in 1940 by, Abelson1735, by Brant. Steel grey in color, hard brittle and McMillan at Berkeley, California. It resulted by bomb-as a metal. Resembles iron, and nickel. It has ing uranium with cyclotron produced neutrons. Obtained inmagnetic permeability that is two thirds of iron gram quantities, as a by product from nuclear reactors in theused in the making of alnico magnets, alloys inc- production of plutonium, for more information reference thelude Stellite®. For more information reference CRC, handbook and other sources.the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Tin, atomic number 50, belongs to the 1VA, Uranium, atomic number 92, belongs in the group ofgroup of the periodic table, discovered in Actinide elements in the periodic table, discovered inancient times, used in solder, coating other 1789 by Klaproth as an unknown element in pitchblendemetals to prevent corrosion and other chemical isolated by Peligot in 1841, by reducing the anhydrousreactions. Tin has many uses, for more information chloride with potassium. (I hear it is pretty good stuff forreference the CRC, handbook and other sources. making nuclear bombs from. Also they have used spent U, for bullets around the world. Guess it is better than lead!) For more information reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Americium, atomic number 95, belongs to the Antimony, atomic number 51, belongs to the VA, group of theActinide elements of the periodic table. periodic table. Discovered in ancient times it was known to beDiscovered in 1944, by Seaborg, James, Morgan, a metal in the 17th century, not abundant yet found in 100 At the wartime metallurgical laboratory, at the minerals. Uses are semiconductors, infrared detectors, diodes, University of Chicago. (anything for war I guess batteries and antifriction alloys. For more information referen-Gee, wonder why its called Americium?). For more ce, the CRC, handbook and other sources.Information reference the CRC, handbook and othersources.

Plutonium, atomic number 94, belongs to the Curium, atomic number 96, belongs to the Actinide groupActinide group of the periodic table. Discovered of elements in the periodic table. 1944, was identified by in 1940, by Seaborg, McMillian, Kennedy and Wahl Seaborg, James and Ghiorso. Found at first by Pierre and with deuteron bombardment of uranium. Which was Marie Curie. Was isolated by Werner, Perlman of the Univer-done in the 60 in, cyclotron at Berkeley, California. sity of California, in 1947. For more information reference the(apparently it makes the best bomb of all). For more CRC, handbook and other sources. information reference the CRC, handbook and othersources.

Berkelium, atomic number 97, belongs to the Phosphorus, atomic number 15, belongs to the VA, group ofTo the Actinide group of elements in the the periodic table, discovered in 1669, by Brand, who prep-periodic table. Discovered in 1947, in Berkeley, ared it from urine. Essential element for life. Yet in pent- California, by Thompson, Ghiorso and Seaborg. oxide form and other forms are poisonous. Ignites quickly It is not prepared yet in elemental form. (So why when exposed to air, used to make tracer bullets, poisons,call it an element?). For more information refer- steel making and a host of other items. For more information ence the CRC, handbook and other sources. reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Californium, atomic number 98 belongs to the Einsteinium, atomic number, 99. belongs to the of Actinide Actinide group of elements, of the periodic table. group of elements of the periodic table. Discovered from the Discovered in 1950, by Thompson, Street, first large thermo-nuclear, explosion, in 1952, by Ghiorso andGhiorso and Seaborg. In the State and univer- co-workers at Berkeley, for more information reference thesity of California. Used as a neutron source for CRC, handbook and other sources. Well loggers, discovery of gold or silver, becauseOf on the spot activity. For more informationReference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Iodine, atomic number 53, belongs to the V11A, Copper, atomic number 29, belongs to the 1B, group of the group of the periodic table, discovered in 1811, elements in the periodic table. It has been known of since, by Courtois, it occurs in small quantizes in ocean ancient times. It has been mined for more than 5000 years. water, yet is absorbed by seaweed. It also occurs, is a very important metal for man, it has widespread uses.in Chilean saltpeter and earth bearing nitrates, art, coinage, wiring for electrical uses, circuit boards for brines in old sea water. It is used for external electronics, radiators, ( In the form of brass, it is used to wounds, treatment of the thyroid gland, it is very contain the gun powder, and lead bullets, unless, spent U,useful in medicines. For more information refer- is used in leads place.) at any rate, for more inform-ence, the CRC, handbook and other sources. ation, reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Tellurium, atomic number 52, belongs to the V1A, Oxygen, atomic number 8, belongs to the V1A, group group of elements of the periodic table. Discovered of elements of the periodic table. It has been known of in 1782, by Muller von Reichenstein, though it was for centuries, Priestley is credited with its discovery, named and isolated in 1798, by Klaproth. It can be Yet, Scheele, discovered it independently. It is the 3th found in native form, yet is often found as a telluride most abundant element in the sun. At one time it made of gold. Also combined with other metals. Commercially up 21% of the atmosphere, (yet will pollution, who it is recovered from anode mud’s of electrolytic refining knows anymore?) It is essential for life as we know it. of blister copper. It is a p-type conductor, it is used as (for without it we and most of the rest of earths life in alloys to improve machine ability of copper and stain- would lose, their breath). For more information refer-less steel, etc, for more information reference the CRC, ence, the CRC, handbook and other sources.handbook and other sources.

Sulfur, atomic number 16, belongs to the VIA, Fermium, atomic number 100, belongs to the group of group elements of the periodic table, discovered Actinide elements, of the periodic table. Discovered in ancient times called brimstone, occurs native 1952, by Ghiorso and co-workers. The 8 th transuran-in areas around hot springs, found in natural gas, ium, element from a thermo-nuclear, explosion in the crude oil. It is essential for life. (Also has found pacific. For more information reference the CRC, uses in gun powder, that way they can shoot the handbook and other sources.lead or spent, U, out of the steel barrel, ejectedfrom the brass casings, that are made of mostlycopper) For more information reference the CRC,handbook and other sources.

Mendelevium, atomic number 101 belongs to the Nobelium, atomic number 102, belongs to the group ofgroup of Actinide elements, of the periodic table. Actinide elements, of the periodic table. discovered Discovered in 1955, by Ghiorso, Harvey, Choppin, 1958, by Ghiorso, Skkeland, Walton and Seaborg, atThompson, Seaborg. By bombarding Es 235, with Berkeley, California. (wonderful isn’t it, all the moneyHelium ions. Fro more information reference the spent for things that true’ly go bang and bump in the CRC, handbook and other sources. dark) for more information reference the CRC, hand- Book and other sources.

Lawrencium, atomic number 103, belongs to the (Unnilquadium) atomic number 104, belongs to the Actinide group of elements of the periodic table. 1VB, group of elements in the periodic table, in discovered in 1961, By Ghiorso, Skkeland, Larsh, 1964, workers in (U.S.S.R.), Dubna, bombarded and Latimer. A mixture of isotopes of mass, plutonium, with accelerated 113, to 115, MeV, number from 249, 250, 251, 252, were bombarded neon ions, they measured the fission tracks left inby B 10 and B 11, the charged transmutation, nuclei a special glass, through a microscope and detected arecoiled with an atmosphere of helium, which were isotope, which decayed by spontaneous fission. (Incollected on a thin copper, conveyor tape. For more other words a sub set.) For more information refere- information, reference the CRC, handbook and ence the CRC, handbook and other sources.other source.

Zinc, atomic number 30, belongs to the 11B, (Unnilpentium), atomic number 105, belongs to thegroup of elements of the periodic table. VB, group of the elements of the periodic table. 1967discovered in ancient times, zinc ore was used Flerov, at Dubna, reported that the team, may havefor making brass, (remember the bullet casing?) a few atoms, of element, 105. (Gee, another sub set)Tubal-Cain, seven generations away from Adam, For more information reference the CRC, handbookWas an instructor, in making brass and iron. and other sources.In water exposed to sunlight will emit, H, gasfrom the water by causing a chemical break down. For more information reference the CRC,handbook and other sources.

Xenon, atomic number 54, belongs to the group (Unnilhexium) atomic number 106, belongs to the of noble gases. Discovered in 1898, by Ramsay V1B, group of elements of the periodic table. and Travers. Its presence in the atmosphere is Discovered in Dubna, in 1974, workers at the one part in twenty million, (Who knows with Lawrence Berkeley, also reposted creation of 106.pollution?) metallic xenon, has been produced it is (Sounds like another sub set to me, except real subused for electron, tubes, and a host of other lighting. sets last, as long as the union of elements they areFor more information reference the CRC, handbook joined with do.) For more information reference the and other sources. CRC, handbook and other sources.

Cesium, atomic number 55, belongs to the 1A, Boron, atomic number 5, belongs to the 111A, group group of elements of the periodic table. Discov- of elements of the periodic table, discovered early, inered in1860, by Bunsen and Kirchhoff, taken ancient times. Yet the pure element was not producedfrom mineral water in Durkeim, it is the most until 1808, by Sir Humphry Davy, Gay-Lussac, and electro-positive and most alkaline element. It is by Thenard. It is not found free in nature, it mostlyalso liquid at room, temperature, a long with Hg, occurs as orthoboric acid at certain volcanic spring and Ga,. Used as a getter in electron tubes, it is water. It is used in a number of products, its comp-also used in atomic clocks. For more information are used in the refining of metals. For more inform-reference the CRC, handbook and other sources. ation, reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Barium, atomic number 55 belongs to the 11A. Lanthanum, atomic number 57, belongs to the 111B, Group of elements of the periodic table, discovered group of elements of the periodic table, discovered in in 1808, By Davy. It is always found in combination 1839, by Mosander. Allanite or Monazite minerals arewith other elements. Mainly in barite, or heavy spar. used to make lighter flints. In 1923, ion, exchange wasIt resembles calcium it is a silvery white metal like used to produce the first pure metal. It is a rare earth Lead, an alkaline earth, used for X-ray diagnostic and can be made using a reduction of anhydrous,work and paints. The carbonate of barium is used as fluoride. It is used in carbon lighting applications. The a rodent poison, barite is used for a weighting material reacts with carbon, nitrogen, boron, selenium, silicon,for oilwell drilling fluids. For more information refere- sulfur, phosphorus, and halogens. For more informationnce, the CRC, handbook and other sources. reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Gallium, atomic number 31, belongs to the 111A, Cerium, atomic number 58, belongs to the Lanthanides ofgroup of elements of the periodic table. Discovered elements of the periodic table. discovered in 1803, in 1875, by Lecoq de Boisbaudran, ( should just call Klaproth, Berzelius and Hisinger. In 1875, the metal washim long name.) In the same year the free metal was prepared by Hillebrand and Norton. Used in carbon arc-obtained, using electrolysis. It normally is liquid at lighting, glass polish, manufacturing of glass, catalyst slightly warmer than room temperatures. It is used in the refining of petroleum. For more information for a number of products, and has found uses in semi- reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.conductor material. For more information reference theCRC, handbook and other sources,

Praseodymium, atomic number 59, belongs to Chlorine, atomic number 17, belongs to the V111A, groupthe Lanthanide group of the periodic table, dis- of elements of the periodic table, discovered in 1774, by covered in 1841, by Mosander, then in 1841, Scheel, he along with others thought it contained oxygen.Lecoq de Boisbaudran, isolated a new earth, then in 1810, it was named by Davy, he stated it was an,in 1885, von Welsbach separated didymia into 2 element. It is found only in the combined state in nature,other earths. It is soft silvery and ductile, it was a good example is salt water, which is also in the chemicalmade into pure form in 1931, it is used in carbon make up of hydrochloric acid etc. For more informationalong with other uses. For more information reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Neodymium, atomic number 60, belongs to the Promethium, atomic number 61, belongs to the LanthanideLanthanide group of the periodic table, discovered group of the periodic table, discovered in 1902, by BrannerIn 1841, by Mosander it was called by him as didy- by predicting the existence of an element between,mium. Then in 1885, von Welsbach separated didy- neodymium and samarium. Then this was found to be cor-mium into 2 element components. It was not until rect, when Moseley confirmed it in 1914. For more 1925, that it was formed in a pure state. It has a num- information reference the CRC handbook and other sources. ber of uses in glass making and coloring, it is now (At times like this I would like to say it has interesting prop-used to create very powerful magnets. For more erties, and uses when bombarded with radioactive isotopes.)information reference the CRC, handbook and othersources.

Germanium, atomic number 32, belongs to the 1VA, Arsenic, atomic number 33, belongs to the VA, group ofgroup of elements of the periodic table, discovered elements of the periodic table, discovered in ancient,in 1886, by Winkler, (yet was predicted by Mendeleev times, formed in metal form in 1250, A.D. by Albetusin 1871.) It is found in the sulfide argyrodite, in zinc Magnus. It is used in poisons (by the way I had first handores and in other minerals. It is a gray-white metalloid experience with it.) It is also used as a doping agent in it is an important component in semiconductor material solid state devices. For more information reference thealso used in optical equipment, and lighting. For more CRC, handbook and other sources. information reference the CRC, handbook and othersources.

Carbon, atomic number 6, belongs to the 1VA, group Samarium, atomic number 62, belongs to the Lanthanideof elements of the periodic table, discovered in ancient group of elements of the periodic table, discovered in times. Diamonds, graphite, mixtures in different 1879, by Lecoq de Boisbaudran, using spectoscopical chemical forms, found in the atmosphere, as C02, instruments, of its sharp absorption lines. It was named bucky balls, nano-tubes are derived of it. The list is after a Russian mine official, Col. Samariski. (Bet he likedalmost endless, one of the elements that is at the very that.). It is found in monazite, yet misch metal contains core of life. For more information reference the CRC, 1%. It is used in many applications including dehydroge-handbook and other sources. nation, of ethyl alcohol. For more information reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Europium, atomic number 63, belongs to the Fluorine, atomic number 9, belongs to the V11A, groupLanthanide group of elements of the periodic of elements of the periodic table, discovered in fluorspartable. Discovered in 1901, by Demarcay, who in 1670, it etches glass. Georgius Agricola, used it as a fluxseparated it from samarium-gadolinium conce- in 1529. It was isolated in 1886, by Moisson. There are trates. It is used in the red phosphor, in color more than 100, commercial fluorchemicals. It dissolved, T.V. tubes. For more information reference the glass, so it was not used much until WW 11, for moreCRC, handbook and other sources. information reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Potassium, atomic number 19, belongs to the 1A, group Gadolinium, atomic number 62, belongs to the LanthanideOf elements of the periodic table, discovered in 1807, by group of elements of the periodic table. in 1880 the oxide First metal created from electrolysis. It constitutes, about was separated by Marignac. Lecoq de Boisbaudran isolat- 2.4% of the earths crust. It is one of the most reactive and ed, indenpendently in the same year from yttria. It is haselectropositive of metals. It is formed from the hydroxide uses in alloying steel, and the metal is ferro-magnetic!by electrolysis. It is essential for life, and plant growth. It also used in phosphors in T.V. tubes. For more informat-has many uses, for more information reference the CRC, ion, reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.handbook and other sources.

Selenium, atomic number 34 belongs to the 1VA group Terbium, atomic number 65, it belongs to the Lanthanideof elements of the periodic table. Discovered in 1817, by group of elements of the periodic table, discovered inBerzelius, he found it in tellurium, found in rare minerals, 1843, by Mosander. Found in cerite, gadolinite also inwhich are crooksite and clausthalite. Yet the anode mud’s other minerals. It is silvery-grey metal, malleable duct-from, electrolytic copper, provides the source of most of ile, doped with sodium borate, used as a laser material, the worlds selenium. It is a p-type conductor, and has a few other uses has been found. For more informationnumber of uses, it is poisonous, almost like arsenic. For reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.more information reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.

Argon, atomic number 18. belongs to the group of Bromine, atomic number 35, belongs to the V11A, groupNoble gases, of the periodic table. discovered in 1894, of elements of the periodic table, discovered in 1826, byby Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay. It was Balard, yet not generated in quantity, until 1860. it is pro-suspected by Cavendish in 1785. It is prepared by duced, from natural brines, it is the only liquid non-meta-the fractionation of liquid air. It is used in electric tallic element, volatilizes at room temperature into a red- light bulbs and fluorescent tubes. It is considered ish vapor. (you can say that again, nasty too.) When inert, it has uses in shield covering in welding and spilled on the skin, it causes burns. fumigants, flamproo-in refining of other metals, where it is necessary, fing, agents are some of its uses. For more informationto prevent oxygen and nitrogen from entering. For reference the CRC, handbook and other sources.more information reference the CRC, handbook andother sources.

I placed heavy water in here, this is its I placed water, in here because it is the basis of theSub set, from Simulacrum mathematics. Atomic weights now. 1ml, at 4 degrees C. It is also a shown as a Simulacrum mathematics sub set.

10 ^-03 X 10 ^-08 = 10 ^-1310 ^-08 X 10 ^-12 = 10 ^-2210 ^-12 X 10 ^-22 = 10 ^-3610 ^-16 X 10 ^-36 = 10 ^-5410 ^-20 X 10 ^-54 = 10 ^-7610 ^-24 X 10 ^-76 = 10 ^-102?

So therefore, the 7th pole is equal to 10 ^-102? The out come of all of this really doesn’t matter. Because it would mathematically be the same, irregardless of how these powers are time’s in the overall. I just wanted to point out that the pole regions represent black and dark matter that come from distant parallelism, that the raise in power represents a regions in excess of the speed of light that the black and dark matter are from; as represented by the pole numbers, in other words, the energies that fuel 3 dimensional space are outside our space time scope. The only thing we can do is to equate that there exists these regions that have a very profound effect upon on our position in what Einstein would have referred to as point P of the n-dimensional continuum. (Meaning our solar system.)

The 7th pole numbers, will be the addition of the first 3 numbers of the numbers of the poles. Then they all together will be added together, and divided by the normal system until the last numeration is divided by 11.

Calcium, Ca.4.554.65 5.524.557.595.69 32.55 / 25> 1.302 / 8 > .16275 / 2 > .08138 / 11 > 7.39818 10^-03, yet really is 10 ^-102. I will simply place it thus.7.39818 now for the rest of the elements.

The rules of the chart arrows are red, for low numerations. Orange for High numerations. Next, if we look at Ca, below, you will see that the North of Ca, is low, the 7th pole is high and the west pole is low, which means that the Wake pole is an entry point. Because it is low high, low, with a low entry for the Wake.Next comes the wake, it is low and the 7th pole is high, while the south pole is low, again the west, will have a low, entry point. Still rotating, the west pole is low, the 7th, is high, while the east pole is high which means that the wave pole becomes and exit for the low numeration. Now the wave is low, the 7th , pole is high, the east pole is high which means a high exit of the east pole. Then the east pole is high, the 7 th , pole is high, and the north pole is low, which means that the north pole is an entry point. If these rules are followed, then all element numbers should show their energy origins, from distant parallelism.

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

Lutetium, is extremely difficult to prepare. It’s radioactive and that is why all exits. It is slowly falling apart.

Strontium, 90, has a half life of 28 years and is used as a back up for SNAP, Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power. While Yttrium, is used for micro-wave emitters. Y, 90 exists in equilibrium with its parent Sr, 90. These two are exact mirror images of one another.

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

Simulacrum 7 pole Charts

Simulacrum 7 Pole Chares

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

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Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

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Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

Simulacrum 7 Pole Charts

These are the 7 pole charts, any time in the past when I have worked on new mathematical formats; I always view them with some skepticism. These charts are open for review by the students, and just maybe, new interpretations will come about from the numbers. The four pole charts hold up very well for practicable applications, yet I see the need for further progress of the charting. Eventually we should end up with eleven pole charts. I will not include water, or the others at this time enjoy.

Simulacrum Science

I have laid out the charts and now it is time to explain them. At every juncture in the investigation of the natural phenomenon, of matter and energy, investigators are led to believe in events which can be viewed from their own perception. The very nature of perception is what has led to fundamental scientific findings. There becomes a point in time and investigation when these observations become abject and abstract concepts which are subject to circumstances unseen. I believe that Einstein, and others during the earlier periods of investigation tried to point these fundamental facts out, what is seen, is not always as they are interpreted to be. One of my favorites is the concept that water is wet, it isn’t, (Tell that to a dolphin, tell him that he is wet; yet in the case of the dolphin, it is speculated that of all of the animals they are in fact some of stupidest animals that exist, or that is the newest findings). Water is comprised of very hard atoms, H2 and O.

At any rate when an investigator sees a visual construct of something, the photo or whatever, is in reality a simulacrum occurrence of the event, which makes it an after image, which in and of itself may or may not be true. This is true of my charting or any other mathematical projection, early in this text, I referred to the formation of mathematics in its basic form, basically mathematics, is nothing more than a pocket of rocks or the interpretation of an event or events by a person who wants to establish a visual view of his thoughts. Simulacrum Math is no different I am trying to establish a connection of the unseen events to the events that happen every day in the real world as we understand them; though not all of are these views correct. The same is true of most investigators in science, for example, where did Plank’s constant come from? Plank himself would tell you he really didn’t know it just fit and it turned out that it is fairly accurate, so it happens to be in use as a basic formula in research.

Early on in this text, I used Einstein’s Notion of Distant Parallism, to cause the student to think, so lets begin anew in this way can I lead up to a better understanding of what it is that I believe, of Einstein, and others in the field of scientific investigation.

Let’s start with a speeding bullet, striking a target, a visual from a motion picture of the event in slow motion shows that upon impact the target is pulled towards the muzzle of the rifle, then the bullet is slowed somewhat upon impact, passes through the target and is pulled in the direction of the receding bullet. Simple direct evidence, of a motion picture or is it? Let us take some time and ponder it. The bullet is an element at rest it is then caused into a state of change of state, through velocity; the target is in a state of rest, it is changed by the bullets impact from its state of rest. Both the bullet and the target resist the change of state that they are in, why? The question of why, brings about a host of factors that have to be entered in to the equation, such as a change of state, or the notion that something is truly in a state of rest in reference as to something else. I believe that

Einstein tried to explain this, by stating that there is nothing that is without motion in reference, to something else, or in other words there is nothing truly motionless in reference to other objects, every object is in a state of motion when referenced to other objects in motion of the universe. If we could find, point P (as given early, on pg.17) in space. Point P would turn out to appear in motion as compared to other objects such as planets, stars, etc. So point P is a point in space time that is in motion as well. It simply means there is no stationary medium to calculate the motion of other objects from.

All of this conjecture is fine and dandy, yet what does it have to do with the simulacrum construct? If we view an element under bombardment, then the element that is in a state of motion is forced to change its motion. This causes a disruption of the elements state as it is at that time of the disruption. The element exists and is in the wave flow of black and dark matter particles. Black and dark matter is the basis of the kick back forces that causes the element to exist in its state with the other atoms of a like kind that makes up its elemental construct. A block of iron for example is made up of atoms of a like kind as was pointed out by Dalton when he referred to atoms of the same element as alike and other atoms of other elements are unlike. Which he determined explained their different weights and sizes. Which naturally brings in to conjecture, if atoms of different elements are of different sizes and weights, then their nature is structurally different as well and if that is the case, what about the electrons and other sub-atomic particles? Now we are getting to the crux of things the target and the bullet are elements of a different nature which are caused to be inflicted upon each other, by velocity and a change in state of their existence. Then the question becomes even more profound if it is asked, what would happen to the target upon impact by the bullet, if the bullet were to accelerate stretch shrink in size at the instant of impact with the target? I think that the target would be kicked back towards the muzzle of the rifle the reason for this, is that the target resists its change of state but because of the kinetic energy of the bullet would cause an effect inverse from its momentum thus a kick back force. I also believe that this occurs with matter through the kick back forces of black and dark matter which should be known as gravity. Gravity is the basis of all energy through out the universe it is because it is fundamentally misunderstood that confusion of its nature eludes most investigation. It is the kick back forces passage and acceleration through matter that binds matter together and in some cause causes them to repel away from one another; this is the case with iron and mercury. Yet if the particle makeup of the entry and exit of the elements match in the sub set numbers I have found that they are attracted with a greater force, as is the case of magnetic energy which is also a form of gravity. The particle sizes and nature of black and dark matter are different as well. Which leads to the simulacrum, conjecture that some of the black and dark matter can pass through some elements without much resistance. Yet with other elements they become deflected off and build up, to form a pressure against the object of the resistance of their passage through, thus iron floats upon mercury which brings into existence the London forces already proven.

The proven, London forces are caused by the electron motion, and not related to the spin of the electrons, as Hg, (mercury) is a diamagnetic element. So what does it have to do with the construct of simulacrum math? Well everything it is my way of explaining the occurrences of the various entry and exit of black and dark matter particles that exist in waves by the way, through and throughout matter.

The same is true with the atoms of elements, as they are affected by gravity and their effect with each other. They will have an indented region around them similar to that of a sun, etc. In other words, if it is true on the grand universal scale, then I firmly believe that is true on the scale of the nucleus of the atoms, and the sub-atomic particles associated with the nucleus as well. Let’s go back and review some of the earlier sub set forms.

If the student were compare, the entry, which in all these examples originate from the South Pole and exit the North Pole. What establishes the entry and exits? The end three numerations determine the entry and exit. I established early on that 000, 090, 181, 272, 363, and 454 are low numerations and that 545, 636, 727, 818, and 909, were all high numerations. So Iron, has a 454, entry, between the wave 727 and the wake 909. The exit is established by the fact that alike numbers such as in case which are high will allow an exit. Fe3O4 is inverted in that its entry is high, yet the entry rules still apply, the lowest average of 636, will enter between, the 454, wave and the 454wake then exit through the

363, north. Compare Alnico to Iron, they match very closely. I will point out that the mean average through the magnetite would be 522. With average for the others, a 499.To get the average, of magnetite, there would be a 454, wave plus a 363, North. 454 +

363= 817/2= 408 average through. Yet because its entry is 636, then 636+408 the average that could go out it would be, 636+408=1044/2=522 out. The average of alnico wave would be. 636, wave + 636 North, would be 636+636= 1272/2= 636. Yet because the entry is a 363, it would be a 363+636= 999/2= 499 average through. This would also cause an implied consequence that the attraction of an alnico’s north pole to the magnetite’s south would be different, if the north of the magnetite were caused to attract to the alnico’s south. Can the student determine why using the average numbers out?

Notice that the south pole of iron, is a 454, entry, with a 727, on the wave side and a 909, on the wake. Ok so the difference would be, a 545, could enter the wave side and pass through, a 636, could enter the wake, and pass out the north. Al, on the other hand has a south 636, entry and a 272, wave and a 090, wake. So a 454, could enter the wave side, yet only a 181, could escape through the top, (its possible that something of a 226, size could escape out the north, yet they have not been plotted yet. On the wake side a 363 can enter, Yet only a 090, can exit the north pole on the wake side (it is possible that a 135, could exit, yet again they have not been plotted.) The Al/Fe, subset will allow entry, on the wake side and exit the wave, a particle entry of 454, is possible and the exit is again a 181, (with a possible 226 not plotted)

Inconel, as a 636, entry wake and a possible 636, exit wave, it has a 818, entry from the south, and a possible exit of 818, wave, north. Whereas Cu has a possible entry of 454, wake yet a 090, exit south wake, (yet a possible 135 exit un-plotted), a 454, entry from the north wake, yet a 727, south wake exit, ( a possible 772, exit un-plotted). This should help the student further.

Concept of a set A set is a collection of things whether real or imagined. Simulacrum means an imaginary

semblance of something or a mirror image of something. The fingers on either hand are similar and are a set of 5 fingers, though one is also called a thumb, which is opposed to the other members of the set. The elements are a set similar yet dissimilar thus different, with their own function and purpose. The order of elements in a set is irrelevant red, green, blue = blue, green, red = red, blue, green, etc. Yet in science as far as the elements we use similar characteristics, as a determination of with group they fit into in the periodic table. Simulacrum uses a number system which the elements sometimes deviates from the periodic table, yet still shows elements in mathematical rows that fit together as well. Combining the union of elements together will form deviant sub-sets that will not necessarily show the true way in which they will form into alloys which will give misleading interpretations for a desired imaginary outcome in the formation of a rune for example. The reason for this is the order in which Magnetic and molecular (black and dark matter) are refracted by the individual elements that the black and dark matter pass through, and the order of which types will pass through. It is also a good basis to give insight to the dipoles of magnetic alignments. Also I could use the inclusion of symbol C in the union of Al, Fe, whereas I use the symbol, of U when combining ex. Al, & Fe, etc. The symbol > for larger than, implies that Al, and Fe, are larger than, the emission forming the sub set of the union outcome. This would reach deeper into the regions that with enough sub, sub sets lead into which are the regions of pure black and dark matter particles. These black and dark matter regions are the true basis behind the elements characteristics.

In the right format, the subsets of the elements can be used to block magnetic and molecular forces from passage through. These affects can also be extended into the regions of gravity forces, through enhanced attraction or repulsion forces. These are the ultimate forces that could be used to implant information at the subatomic level, for storage and retrieval of information or for other uses. These forces in a true understanding will lead to better and more efficient chemistry outcomes.

The examples in use today are called runes (because I did not want to go into technical detail at this time) yet in using them a number of factors are taken into account, such as that the right elements are aligned together in layers and the layers are combined in a build up along a logical format. There are converging regions along with concave regions in a way to organize and utilize the forces again along practical lines of usage. So these regions merge with one another for practicable affect. The desired outcome is fitting electrons of a different nature to become the binding forces of dissimilar elements. With the oxidization Al, Al, becomes diamagnetic thus on cooling in the presence of Fe, where Fe, is ferromagnetic the two are feeble repelled from each other, just as the findings in the Pauli exclusion principle dictates because diamagnetic material is not subject to the electron spin, but rather to the random motion of the electrons.

Prevention of Aluminums oxide state

It becomes critical to prevent the oxide state of Al, in the two are to be formed into a union of alloy. I have also been asked to access the formation of Ni, Cr, and Mo, if these were the pure form with no other elements, (which there are Al, Cd, Ti, throw into doubt the ability of the present rune in its form to do this. In passing I will now deal with inconel. Also mentioned the mechanical test results were obtained on test bars which were separately cast after remelted. I further understand that this material has to be worked in a vacuum furnace, If there were not melted in a vacuum furnace, then it is possible that the impurities came from else where. Yet the testing showed it was a vacuum induction refined ingot to start with but the information was vague on the formation of the test bars.

It has been further brought to my attention of the need to form Ti, weld under a rune. I will need to chart this and determine the order in which this can come about. Titanium is a stirrer inverse to copper, so there is no doubt that the rules of this material will be different. Titanium is also paramagnetic, similar to Al, in this sense so in conjunction with SiO4 and other materials of the crucible will also need to be taken into account. With the lack of specific tests of the runes with Ti, or the other material Ni, Cr, Mo, it will be hard to predict outcomes with certainty.

Back to the Ni, Cr, and Mo, material, there is a 1 ppm, 0+ which indicates it is not a true vacuum. N+, of 11 ppm, also indicates that the portion of N, to O, is similar to their ratio in the atmosphere. It seems with S, @ 10 ppm, is an impurity in the refining process more than likely residues from the foundry itself. Si, < .O5 would come from the crucible, the same with the Mn, @ < .03 ppm, I would also be concerned that there may be a simulacrum of these elements, in other words these may be formed by the electromagnetic projection caused by the induction furnace. The uses of this material is used primarily used in missiles, (in other words defense purposes) I will state it is very difficult to process this work without any funding, done on just good faith (that and a pack of gum, to work I go).Lets subset and see what we have. Ni, U Cr,@5% > Sub 1# U Mo,@2% > sub 2# 6.67000 6.71363 6.08363 4.95545 5.018186.67090 6.71454 6.08363 4.95636 5.019095.55636 5.57363 5.05909 5.08272 4.610008.33454 8.39363 7.60363 6.19636 6.27272

I would assume that this material would melt @ 3300 C, or around 3778 F.

The order in which these should be calculated

Ni, Cr, Ni, Ni, Mo, Cr, Ni, Cr, Ni, Mo, Cr, Ni, Cr,. Ni, U Cr, > Sub1# U Ni > Sub2# U Ni > Sub3#6.67000 5.90818 5.71727 6.67000 5.64909 6.67000 5.600006.67090 5.90909 5.71818 6.67090 6.65000 6.67090 5.60090 U5.55636 4.90454 4.75545 5.55636 4.68727 5.55636 4.656268.33454 7.38636 7.14636 8.33454 7.03727 8.33454 6.98727U Mo > Sub4# U Cr > Sub5# U Ni > Sub6# U Ni > Sub7# U 5.45090 5.02363 5.90818 4.96909 6.67000 5.29090 6.67000 5.437275.45090 5.02363 5.90909 4.96909 6.67090 5.29090 6.67090 5.437279.08454 6.24636 4.90454 5.06909 5.55636 8.83000 5.55636 4.720906.81363 6.27363 7.38636 6.20909 8.33454 6.61090 8.33454 6.79363U Cr > Sub8# U Ni > Sub9# U Mo > Sub10# U Cr > Sub11# U5.90818 5.15727 6.67000 5.37636 5.45090 4.92181 5.90818 4.922725.90909 5.15727 6.67090 5.37636 5.45090 4.92181 5.90909 4.923634.90454 8.75000 5.55636 6.50272 9.08454 7.08545 4.90454 5.450007.38636 6.44545 8.33454 6.71818 6.81363 6.15090 7.38636 6.15363U Ni > Sub12# U Cr > Sub13# 6.67000 5.26909 5.90818 5.080906.67090 5.27000 5.90909 5.081815.55636 5.00272 4.90464 9.006368.33454 6.58545 7.38636 6.35090 Sub1# U Sub2# > SS1# U Sub3# > SS2# U Sub4# > SS3# U5.71727 5.64909 5.16636 5.60000 4.89363 5.02343 9.015455.71818 5.65000 5.16727 5.60090 4.89454 5.02363 9.016364.75545 4.68727 8.58454 4.65636 6.01909 6.24636 5.574547.14636 7.03727 6.44363 6.98727 6.10636 6.27363 5.62727

U Sub5# > SS4# U Sub6# > SS5# U Sub7# > SS6# U Sub8# >4.96909 6.35636 5.29090 5.29454 5.43727 4.87818 5.157274.69909 6.35727 5.29090 5.29454 5.43727 4.87818 5.157275.06909 4.83818 4.83000 8.78909 4.72090 6.14090 8.750006.20909 5.38000 6.61090 5.45090 6.79363 5.56545 6.44545> SS7# U Sub9# > SS8# U Sub10# > SS9# U Sub11# > SS10# U4.56181 5.37636 9.03454 4.92181 6.34363 4.92272 5.120904.56181 5.37636 9.03454 4.92181 6.34363 4.92363 5.121816.76909 6.50272 6.03272 7.08545 5.96272 5.45000 5.187275.46000 6.71818 5.53545 6.15090 5.31181 6.15363 5.21181U Sub12# > SS11# U Sub13# > SS12#5.26909 4.72272 5.08181 8.912725.27000 4.72363 5.08181 8.913635.00272 4.63181 9.00636 6.199096.58545 5.36272 6.35090 5.32454

Inconel Continued

SS1# U SS2# > SSS1# U SS3# > SSS2# U SS4# > SSS3# U5.16636 4.89363 4.57272 9.01545 6.17636 6.35636 5.696365.16727 4.89454 4.57363 9.01636 6.17727 6.35727 5.697278.58454 6.01909 6.63818 5.57545 5.55272 4.83818 4.723636.44727 6.10636 5.70636 5.62727 5.15181 5.38000 4.78727

U SS5# > SSS4# U SS6# > SSS5# U SS7# > SSS6# U SS8# >5.29454 4.99636 5.29090 4.67636 4.56181 8.39818 9.034545.29454 4.99636 5.29090 4.37636 4.56181 8.39818 9.034548.78909 4.62454 4.83000 8.59545 6.76909 6.98363 6.032725.45090 4.65363 6.61090 5.12000 5.46000 4.80909 5.53545

SSS7# U SS9# > SSS8# U SS10# > SSS9# U SS11# > SSS10# U7.92363 6.34363 6.48545 5.12090 5.27545 4.72272 4.544547.92363 6.34363 6.48545 5.12181 5.27636 4.72363 4.545455.91636 5.96272 5.40000 5.18727 4.81272 4.63181 8.586364.70181 5.31181 4.55181 5.21181 8.87636 5.36272 6.47272

SS12# > SSS11# U SSS1# > XS1# U SSS2# > XS2# U SSS3# >8.91272 6.11727 4.57272 4.85909 6.17636 5.01636 5.696368.91363 6.11818 4.57272 4.86000 6.17727 5.01727 5.697276.19909 6.72090 6.63818 6.07272 5.55272 5.28454 4.723635.32454 5.36272 5.70636 5.03181 5.15181 4.62909 4.78727

>XS3# U SSS4# > XS4# U SSS5# > XS5# U SSS6# > XS6# U4.86909 4.99636 8.96909 4.67636 6.20272 8.39818 6.637274.87000 4.99636 8.96909 4.67636 6.20272 8.39818 6.637274.54909 4.62454 8.34000 8.59545 7.69818 6.98363 6.673638.56000 4.65363 6.00636 5.12000 5.05727 4.80909 8.96909

SSS7# > XS7# U SSS8# > XS8# U SSS9# > XS9# U SSS10# >7.92363 6.91909 6.48545 5.95636 5.27545 5.10545 4.544547.92363 6.91909 6.48545 5.95636 5.27636 5.10545 4.545455.91636 5.72272 5.40000 5.05545 4.81272 8.97090 8.566364.70181 6.21454 4.55181 4.89363 8.87636 6.25909 6.47272

Inconel Continued

> XS10# U SSS11# > XS11# U XS1# > XX1# U XS2# > XX2# U8.77272 6.11727 6.76818 4.89909 5.28545 5.01636 4.682728.77363 6.11818 6.76909 4.86000 5.28636 5.01727 4.683637.98090 6.72090 6.68272 6.07272 5.79818 5.28454 5.037275.78727 5.36272 5.06818 5.03181 4.59090 4.62909 8.38181

XS3# > XX3# U XS4# > XX4# U XS5# > XX5# U XS6# >4.86909 8.68363 8.96909 8.02363 6.20272 6.46636 6.637274.87000 8.68454 8.96909 8.02454 6.20272 6.46727 6.637274.54909 8.71454 8.34000 7.75181 7.69818 7.02272 6.673638.56000 7.70090 6.00636 6.23090 5.05727 5.13090 8.96909

XX6# U XS7# > XX7# U XS8# > XX8# U XS9# > XX9# U5.95636 6.61909 5.71636 5.95636 5.30545 5.10545 4.732725.95636 6.61909 5.71636 5.95636 5.30545 5.10545 4.732726.22545 5.72272 5.43090 5.05545 4.76636 8.97090 6.244544.83272 6.21454 5.73818 4.89363 4.83272 6.25909 5.04181

XS10# > XX10# U XS11 > XX11# U XX1# > XXX1# U XX2# >8.77272 6.13909 6.76818 5.86727 5.28545 5.06909 4.682728.77363 6.13909 6.76909 5.86727 5.28636 5.07000 4.683637.98090 6.46636 6.68272 5.97727 5.79818 5.35272 5.037275.78727 4.92272 5.06818 4.54181 4.59090 8.30272 8.38181

XXX2# U XX3# > XXX3# U XX4# > XXX4# U XX5# > XXX5# U8.86545 8.68363 7.97727 8.02363 7.27363 6.46636 6.245458.86636 8.68454 7.97818 8.02454 7.27454 6.46727 6.246364.72181 8.71454 6.10727 7.75181 6.30000 7.02272 6.055457.58363 7.70090 6.94727 6.23090 5.99000 5.13090 5.05545

XX6# > XXX6# U XX7# > XXX7# U XX8# > XXX8# U XX9# >5.95636 5.54636 5.71636 5.11909 5.30545 4.73818 4.732725.96636 5.54636 5.71636 5.11909 5.30545 4.73818 4.732726.22545 5.58272 5.43090 5.00636 4.76636 8.88454 6.244546.40909 5.21090 5.73818 4.97727 4.83272 8.91818 5.04181

XXX9# U XX10# > XXX10# U XX11# > XXX11# U XXX1# U XXX2# >8.61000 6.13909 6.70454 5.86727 5.71454 5.06909 8.865458.61000 6.13909 6.70454 5.86727 5.71454 5.07000 8.866366.87727 6.46636 6.06545 5.97727 5.47363 5.35272 4.72181

6.34545 4.92272 5.12181 4.54181 8.78545 8.30272 7.58363

Inconel Continued

>01# XXX3# U XXX4# > 02#6.33363 7.97727 7.27363 6.932726.33454 7.97818 7.27454 6.933634.57909 6.10727 6.30000 5.640007.22090 6.94727 5.99000 5.88090

XXX5# U XXX6# > 03#6.24545 5.54636 5.360006.24636 5.54636 5.360006.05545 5.58272 5.290005.05545 5.21090 4.66636

XXX7# U XXX8# > 04#5.11909 4.73818 8.960905.11909 4.73818 8.960905.00636 8.88454 6.314544.97727 8.91818 6.31636

XXX9# U XXX10# > 05#8.61000 6.70454 6.960908.61000 6.70454 6.960906.87727 6.06545 5.882726.34545 5.12181 5.21272

XXX11# U 01# > C1# U 02# > (/) 1#5.71454 6.33363 5.47727 6.93272 5.640905.71454 6.33454 5.47727 6.93363 5.641815.47363 4.57909 4.56909 5.64000 4.640908.78545 7.22090 7.27545 5.88090 5.98000

03# U 04# > (/) 2#5.36000 8.96090 6.510005.36000 8.96090 6.510005.29000 6.31454 5.274544.66636 6.31636 4.99181

05# U (/) 1# > a1# U (/) 2# > a2#6.96090 5.64090 5.72818 6.93272 5.755456.96090 5.64181 5.72818 6.93363 5.75545

5.88272 4.64090 4.78363 5.64000 4.738185.21272 5.98000 5.08727 5.88090 4.98545

Inconel Continued

a1# U a2# > Overall 5.72818 5.75545 5.220005.72818 5.75545 5.220004.78363 4.73818 8.656365.08727 4.98545 4.57818

a1# is resistant to acids, similar to Pt, group metals. a2# is also resistant to attack by acids, close to the V, group. a1# is closest to H, which indicates that H, reduction would work very well with it. The student would have to study the subsets leading up to this material, and why it is important to keep N, out of the equation. Next to come forth is the rune structure. Example of the overall

Overall, would condense upon cooling. Looks to be very tough stuff though I have never seen it before (unusual) I think it would resist a re-melt as it would consume quite a lot of energy to do so.

RuneIn the case of creation of most designs I like to generate a simulacrum over view to shoot for. In this case, it is Al/Fe, alloys. Even in the case of using pure elements, they are not pure after firing because of oxygen, and the intrusion of other containments in the surrounding area (foundry). Here we go.

PbO3/FeO3/C/NaSiO4 U CuO3/NaSiO4 > Emission side of rune5.40727 5.46454 4.941815.40818 5.46545 4.942729.05636 5.46545 6.457275.28090 4.95363 4.65181

These two will fit like a hand in a glove.

Rune

ESR U Al/Fe > ESR/Al/Fe U Ar, > Rune Overall4.94181 5.67181 4.82454 9.07909 6.320004.94272 5.67272 4.82545 9.08000 6.320906.45727 4.72727 5.08363 7.56636 5.750004.65181 7.09181 5.33818 5.67545 5.00636

With the presence of Ar, Nitrogen would be repelled away by rune. ESR U Ni/Cr/Mo > Inconel combo U Ar > ESR/ Inconel/Ar combo4.94181 5.22000 4.61909 9.07909 6.226364.94272 5.22000 4.61909 9.08000 6.227276.45727 8.65636 6.87000 7.56636 6.561814.65181 4.57818 8.39090 5.67545 6.39363

Again, with Ar, the rune will repel Nitrogen. I did not feel like typing in all of the pages of subsets, these are the overalls, if the student would like to I recommend that you do so. I have not been given the information as to if the foundry followed my recommendations or not. As I have received no data from them about this and it is very difficult to work on these with nothing but pure conjecture. The Al/Fe combo was supposed to be added into the rune structure. AlO2 U FeO3, was the added addition.

CO2 Break down May 25, 2007 Wayne Griswold

Overall, Close to Mn,

Graphite, has two forms, alpha and beta, they have identical physical properties except for their crystal structure. Natural occurring graphite’s are reported to contain up to 30% of the rhombohedral (beta) form where synthetic materials contain only the alpha form. The alpha on heating it above 1000 degrees C. There are 4 various isotopes of graphite (Carbon) and 8 various forms of Oxygen. All of these inter-mingling forms are dependent, on the various reactions stages required to form them. The carbon Nitrogen chain has

been known about for centuries, except man for centuries did not know that the gasses existed, yet they knew there was something of a mystery about the air.* Note, in water with carbonaceous, compounds CO2 would be attracted to Mn, leaving behind the O2, and freeing the C,.

Carbon and Nitrogen

Mathematically these two are inverted mirror images of one another. * note in the same solution as above, C, would be attracted to N, yet upon heating in a vacuum would be repelled away from N.

The dioxygen, or O2, forms sharing, the 2 free electrons to form its octet.

U >

What would happen if CO2, were to be unioned with O3, (Ozone)?

CO2 U O3 >

U >What would happen if Hydrogen were unioned with the C02/ 03? Maybe later on we will.

It is closest to H,

Notice there is always something lost, in taking one component, away from other components. Close to Nd,

Note: When I compare, these types of subsets, I am attempting to determine the type of particle emission, not claiming the formation of a element, yet over time and enough compaction, the element could form as well or its isotope.

The question then is what is lost?

The answer is between these two above Ge, and As. This could be further dis-unioned to determine what it is that is lost. It is interesting to note that some Germanium is produced from the flue dust of coal fired furnaces.

Note: The subset emissions referred to in the above are less than .0000004% of the original mass, and the Dis-union, is less than .000000004% of that the subset emission; which means that Carbon would still fall well within the frame work of Carbon, etc.

The concept behind the subsets is to determine target; and design materials that will cause attractions to the free Carbon and free Dioxygen (02); in order to allow their removal from one another and a material in which to substitute, their Union, that would further repel them into their free state.

It is my opinion that C02 has not been broken down before by man into pure C, and O2; because the systems I have studied are simply binding the Carbon atom somewhere else and releasing Dioxygen, from part of the chemical chains to facilitate this action.

These two would attract to one another.

Carbon Nitrogen cycle is well known.

I would wonder if this is similar to Tin and Lead.

Tin (Sn) and Lead (Pb) are natural alloys, Sn, is in the High 6 region, C, is in the mid to High 8 region, Similar to N, and Pb, so they blend very nicely. I would wonder if that is not the reason why C, and N, are always found together as well, Hummm!

Carbon is found free in nature in three allotropic forms: amorphous, graphite, and of course the diamond. There is however a fourth Carbon form, known as white carbon.White carbon forms as small transparent crystals on the edges of the basal planes of graphite. The interplanar spacings of white carbon are identical to those of the carbon form noted in the graphitic gneiss from the Ries (meteoritic) Crater of Germany white carbon is a transparent birefrigent material. Little information is presently available about this allotrope. “Taken from the CRC Hand book” It makes me wonder if the Carbon constituting CO2, isn’t this white carbon material. As I don’t think CO2, has been broken down by man yet and maybe this is why; as the researchers wouldn’t know it if they were not looking for White Carbon. +++

Here is a test I would like to see conducted.1. Gasify, carbon by plasma in a vacuum2. Create a bottle that is drawn down by a vacuum and sealed.3. Inject the carbon gas, into the bottle.4. Inject nitrogen gas into the bottle.5. Inject hydrogen gas into the bottle.6. Inject surplus, oxygen into the bottle.7. Ignite the hydrogen and oxygen, in the bottle.8. Send the results through a scrubber and determine if carbon dioxide has been formed or not?Wayne

On tests conducted June 14, 2007 I noticed an oily residue in the bottom of the fruit jar, it is possible that a capacitator, blew out and became the source for the capture of the Carbon of the CO2 I am going to instill some olive oil in this test dated June 15, 2007 to see if it has any effect.

I could also see where if a cap blew out, spewing the oil along with a cloud of electrons could capture the Carbon from the O2 it is confined by. I think this could be duplicated using other methods; such as using a high static charge through the oil before injection in the Oracle, region.

I could again inject conjecture that the CO2 is supplementing for the O2 trapped within the hydrocarbon carbon thus releasing O2, as a reject, as I am still not convinced that CO2, has been fully broken down, yet. If this were the case then it could extend the used motor oils, in to recycling as crude, by injecting what has been lost through mechanical wear, and reduce the need to further drill oil, if it can be recycled in this manner.

In time it could lead to break a through in creating artificial, sugar chains and further protein production that could lead to a more refined demand on the natural resources of the earth (more food).

Cu, Al, Fe, Pb, Sn, combo ><, would then have to be times itself again, then again against Carbon, and then CO2.

Worked,

Tests conducted June 19, 2007 used a blank model of CO2 allowed to evaporate to about ¼ pound then valve closed the same was true for the Molecular field test, in the field test though I dropped in a ½ lid of olive oil or a portion of a table spoon. Used two containers of water with lids that was set a Ph, of neutral 7.0

In-between Strontium and Yttrium.

H2S breakdown. July 1, 2007 By Wayne Griswold

H2, closest to W? H2S closest to He. ?

There are two ways to look at H2S, in the way it is formed. Chemistry indicates it to beH+ II HS-. Which means that HS- is formed then attaches to H. In the blue book of Simulacrum Science I gave an example that shows three elements arranged in a slightly different order, so the out come of the subsets had a subtle change in the out come. Here it is again North Pole numbers only.

Sn (tin) U Cu (copper) > sub 1# U Si, (silicon) > overall b# b#6.74363 U 7.22090 > 6.34727 U 6.38272 > 5.76818 II 5.76818 Si U Cu > sub 2# U Sn > c# c#6.38272 U 7.22090> 6.18363U 6.74363 > 5.87636 II 5.87636Same input numbers different integration, I suspect this could be true with H2S.So let’s find out.

Looks like it is different as well

Same elements different integration, just as the example has shown, the question then becomes which one are we dealing with? I think that the answer is simple, H2 is the normal form for hydrogen in the atmosphere, yet there are times when it is broken down into H, by itself. Therefore the answer is we are dealing with both types. Hummmm!One is similar to Helium and the other is similar to Rhenium. Of course I am referring to Molecular and magnetic characteristics as well as ionic excitability. One form could supplement He, in a light bulb for example, and the other in metallurgy, platinum extraction techniques along with other uses.

Let’s look at the Rhenium characteristics.

Right off the bat, the sulfide is or sulfur is attracted to Rhenium, which is why it would have to be SH- to begin with, in this instance. Hydrogen has a high affinity for the platinum group elements; Palladium absorbs huge amounts of hydrogen see example below. Hummmm! Rhenium would have to carry a positive charge as well.

Palladium would therefore have to carry a huge negative charge. Hummmm!

1/31/2007 WHAT IS SIMULACRUM MATH? By Wayne Griswold Jan, Feb, 2007Simulacrum mathematics was designed to show what the unique differences are of the elements. Every element known to man is different, in its size shape, energy emissions, weights, melting, freezing temperatures along with the reactive forces when placed with each other and in combinations. In other words the charts allow the elements to tell us what they are.Scientists have created tables, such as the atomic weights, periodic table, specific gravity, magnetic susceptibility, and the list goes on. Scientists have created the valance and hybrid valance to explain the electrons sub shell orbital. Also applying the principles established by Schrödinger which is a mathematical model of the atom, new insights of the types of atoms that can be found even in distant stars; to determine what type of elements they are made up of by the frequencies of the electrons, which is comprised of black and dark matter. Black matter was theorized by Plank in 1917.

Simulacrum mathematics is a creation of a mathematical model of the atom as viewed by distant Parallism, which is the intersecting of different space time references and parallels. It does not try to determine where the electrons are, by rather the types of the electrons established by its model. I believe I have established with the mathematical model, that electrons are subject to destruction, by the input of energy, that some shatter to form photons; others shatter to form magnetic emissions, while others form molecular forces. This viewpoint can also be backed up by the deterioration of the elements over time by stress, metal fatigue in mechanical applications and electrical wiring by the passage of electrons, also by the elements with their electrons that show pyrotechnics as a consequence of their destruction. It shows that electrons depending upon their type are affected differently by heat and cold along with implied energy such as electron bombardment, alpha and beta particles along with other radioactive emissions (which are isomorphic in nature). Different elements react differently to acids and bases, along with their specific gravity which changes depending upon the type medium they are in.

The Simulacrum model also shows the interaction between the elements, with the establishment of the sub-set (isomorphic) region. Each sub-set region is a simulacrum of an element or a portion of an element. This is determined by the quadrant grids of distant Parallism, in the mathematical model. The four pole, and seven pole charts indicate the types of energies going into and out of the elements through distant Parallism. Thus indicating from what size and velocity state of dark and black matters emission through and though out the elements region, and the corresponding sub-set formed between the inter action of different integrations of Parallism which establishes a filtering effect caused by the elements existence. That shows how the elements interact and react, by the established filtering affect laid out through the mathematical model. Lets use Bismuth as an example, some Bi, alloys form sharp castings of elements subject to damage at high temperatures, yet when mixed with elements such as tin, cadmium, etc, bismuth forms alloys that melt at very low temperatures, such as uses for fire sprinklers, that melt at 178 degrees F., yet the melting temperatures for each separately is quite a bit higher. Reference melting temperatures for these elements for yourself and find out, kind of a test to see if the student is following. The sub sets are the binding forces between the atoms.

The subset region is either a simulacrum atom or a portion of an atom. IT IS TIME FOR A BREAKDOWN OF EVENTSEven though black and dark matter (Simulacrum particle projections) criss-cross all space and dimensions; in and out of the vastness of space, in and throughout all elements of matter; including photons; magnetic particles of black matter and molecular particles of dark matter. These forces create and form the laws of physics, most of which are still misunderstood; there are certain laws that pertain. At this point I will explain how I envision the above sub sets work.

View The Table of Mathematical Charts.

The Al/Fe subset would be formed between the divisions of each, and form a region of distant parallelism; (even though distant Parallism would still apply to Al and Fe) rules of the Al/Fe sub set would apply yet on

a different level; because some of the rejected particles act as binding forces between the two. At this point if the student, follows the sub set of Al/Fe, it becomes the average combination that would form between the regions of Al and Fe.

All entries are created between a high and low region, and a low and high region. All exits are the regions of low to low or high to high. This is why there cross hatch designs in some elements in the charts. With the star clusters, any particle larger that the numbers associated with the poles determine the highest entry is the combination between the cluster regions last 3 numbers again while all other numbers are rejected. In the case of the Al/Fe, these are the numbers that would bind the elements of Al and Fe, together. In all cases the rejected entry numbers because of the reactions of combining, such as the case with lye injected in water to create heat in other cases magnetic or molecular forces, until the sub set is stable. Stable sub sets further create forces of attraction or repulsion or other dynamic after affects. As I stated these forces create and form the laws of physics, most of which are still misunderstood; there are certain laws that pertain.

As proven by Hans Oersted, Michael Faraday and James Maxwell; when electrons are cast into motion a magnetic field is created at a 90 degree angle from the electrons motion. In the influence of a moving magnetic field, electrons are cast at a 90 degree angle into motion.

I would assume that these forces occur because of physical mechanical motion, against the motion of black and dark matter. Which will in effect, affect the flow of black and dark matter into something more dynamic than what would normally occur, such as their straight line of kinetic motion. This could come about in a number of ways, such as a diffraction of these particle forces or a converging of these particle forces or a concave particle force projection to name a few.The prior reasoning would need to be taken in to account in order to understand the nature of distant Parallism and the concepts formed by Einstein. Therefore to make a model mathematically we need to draw out the basic concept, from the point of convergence.

This could be viewed as a funnel affect of these distortions of Parallism.

The student should keep in mind; the illustration is only a proposed example, it could vary somewhat yet the general concept I believe is valid. Because at these points of blockage to; black and dark matter induced by vibrations of matter gives rise to the mechanical forces in nature. The same example would illustrate the regions of the magnetic domains, along with other electromagnetic areas, thus providing a region of force that gives rise to the electron motion in a copper wire moving through a magnetic field; through the slowing and impact of black and dark matter on the electrons.

This could be shown as base, 4 pole models.

Or it could be shown as base, 7 pole models.

Now all that is left to do is show the funny numbers, but first more modeling. It is proven that as light strikes a mirror that the light will come in under a form of A.C. Wave, that when it is reflected off from the mirror it is emitted as a D.C. Wave. It appears that something is lost in the exchange from one form to another, such as in a transformer of A.C. current suffers loss through heat and EMF losses, the A.C. Photon signal would also lose energy through losses through heat and EMF forces, because it would give rise to electron motion in the mirror materials.

This occurrence is on going in all forms of energy patterns in relationship to black and dark matter as they pertain to matter. In other words they follow the same rules as electrons and photons.

It would also mean if we can store electrons in capacitors and discharge them or cause the build up of photons such as in a laser and discharge those, scientists can and should be able to do the same thing with magnetic and molecular forces.

Back to the basics, in order to project these concepts in mathematics I have had to assume that the rules laid down by the founders of science are accurate, which for the most part I believe that they are. Yet there are some exceptions where photons do not exhibit the same manner in the losses exhibited by transformers. For example if we study the findings of a prism we note that as light enters the prism, it is cast out in a multitude of colors of light photons (Einstein’s quanta packets).

In the first instance I would have to ask does the prism heat up with the , and all that it implied. If that be the case where did the excess energy come from? It looks like we are back to the black and dark matter, of the matter to find the answer.

Light photons would enter the material of the prism, thus striking the molecules that make up the material of the prism. This would cause the motion of electrons, and the formation of the magnetic and molecular forces to be given rise to, through the excitability of the motion of the electrons. I could then speculate that the vibration induced into the electrons would give off wave harmonics caused by their motion, causing an intrusion on the part of the electrons, on the normal flow patterns of the black and dark matters passage through the prism. Which would send the black and dark matter cascading into the molecules causing them to vibrate and to strike one another causing the build up of , thus produce friction, which is an indication of the clashing of black and dark matters kick back forces. For the normal part of their existence black and dark matter would find their way through almost all matter, in a smooth flow pattern. Yet when forces come to play that forces them into an excited state, they will in essence blow their way through the matter and if need be because of their shear numbers, shred the matter into destruction. This is pretty much done everyday, by causing the destruction of electrons in a light filament to cast off light photons. When enough electrons are destroyed the filament will break apart, thus no more photon (quanta particle emissions). Also over time the prism, will gradually fall apart as well for the very same reasons. The same would be true of the experiments of Oersted and Faraday.

The electrons caused into motion in the wire will degrade over time because of their destruction, induced by the same forces of black and dark matter. Thus the wire will become brittle over time. The same forces will cause the de-gaussing of the magnetic field, through the deteriorating of the molecules that make up the magnetic domains, which again is caused by the destruction of their electrons. All of these materials can have their electrons restored by re-firing them in a furnace with reduction methods to re-supply the lost electron matter. Or in the case of a plastic prism form a new one. Now to make sense of the grids needed for the input of numbers.

Because of a mirrors reflection of A.C. to D.C. the photon particle wave becomes inverted, in other words you see yourself as you left eye becomes your right eye, your left arm becomes your right arm, etc. That is what the sub set numbers represent, the numbers deviate, because the regions the numbers represent is smaller than a nano-meter. Thus it creates an unfinished picture because that is exactly what the nucleus of the atom is. A blank canvas ready to be painted; when added with the other particles involved anything and everything can be formed. The numbers also represent inverting from the point of view of the arithmetic book by Francis J. Mueller, second edition, Arithmetic and its structure and concepts written 1956, and copyrighted and copyrighted again in 1964.

(Quoting) Arithmetic its structure and concepts, chapter 3, inverse operations the two remaining fundamental operations of arithmetic, subtraction and division, are the respective companion operations to addition and multiplication, which were studied in chapter 2. The relationship between addition and subtraction might be compared to that between husband and wife. In some contexts the two are best identified as component parts of a single unit; in others it is more appropriate to think of each as separate individuals, closely related, but each having distinctly different characteristics. A similar analogy can be drawn for multiplication and division. In some instances it is best to think of one being the reverse of the other, as other instances; it will be more fruitful to consider the two as being essentially independent of each other. From a mathematical point of view, addition and subtraction are best looked upon as complementary parts of a unit. In fact, mathematically, subtraction is dependent upon addition for its very

definition. From a practical, problem-solving point of view, however, there are advantages to considering the two as individual operations--- each with special qualities that better suit it to the solution of certain kinds of problems, end quote.

So from the simulacrum point of view dealing with sub sets, the inverse operations were a division of the whole into two parts. By considering the problem of defining the inverse operation of a perfect sphere, I determined that the individual running its inverse operation as would simply be reversing the sphere; one would not be able to determine if it were done correctly so I cut the sphere in to two pieces, which left me with two imperfect portions of the sphere. So I looked at it from the inside out. From the middle out of the top, in one case and from the top out through the middle in the other case, this gave me the way to form the sub set numbers. Two units of a complete whole sphere yet opposite from each other so that is where the creation of the numbers came from.

So if I were to invert the number 7, it would be 2/7= 3.5, which would be the mathematical middle. So if I were to analyze the middle, I would further reduce it to .03500, and then divide it by the number of expected parallels of Einstein, which are 11. So it would it would come out as .035000 divided by 11 = 3.18181 X 10 ^-3, yet because it is outside the present boundaries of the simulacrum charts, I would have to divide the original number 7, as .070000, so it would come out as .07000 divided by 11 = 6.36363 X 10 ^-3, This gives me the top segment of the number 7, while the bottom segment still is 3.18181 X 10^-3. Yet because I have not gotten that far in the region of establishing these conditions, I have left these numbers out, in time though I would like to see an expansion of the charts, into these uncharted number regions. As I believe that in those numbers lay the hidden secrets of the true gravitational forces in nature. I believe I should have used these numbers in the 7 pole charts for the east and west poles, that could very well be where their flaw lay. (Note I derive the.07 by dividing 7 by 25 = .028 divided by 4 = .070000 then divide by 11)To continue onward, I would now like to lay out as to how I interpret the charts, and their electron designations to determine how they interplay in molecular, magnetic, electro-magnetic, and ionic properties. The charts and their interplay concepts function. 000,090,181,272,363,454 are all low numbers, of the last 3, 545,636,727,818,909 are all high. Low numbers are electromagnetic emitters and heat, generators, while High numbers are magnetic and molecular charges, yet in the low numbers, magnetic proprieties exist, from 272 though 454.Let’s begin by calculating Salt, or Na U Cl > Na/Cl, subset. So to view the isomorphic, sub sets.

Na U Cl > Na/Cl subset 5.22454 8.05727 6.03727 5.22545 8.05818 6.03818 8.70909 6.71545 7.01181 6.53181 5.03636 5.25818 Or

Let’s compare the sub set to the original Na, and Cl Patterns.

The student should note that the sub set is between, sodium and chloride, because that is the region in which it is formed, in other words it is the joining simulacrum atom that binds the two together. So what element is it the closest to in the original charts? The element it is most closely related to is, Pd, yet there are deviations in the wake and south poles, between the two. Let’s compare them.

Because there are some similarities between the north and wave poles of Na/Cl, and Pd, I want to find the characteristics of Pd.

I would say that Pd is just one piece of a giant puzzle; perhaps, it will help to explain why Na, Cl, adheres to the dipoles of water so well because of its absorbing hydrogen. I think I am going to switch tracks now, it is something I have not opened up in the past yet I think it time to do so now. All through my teaching of the mathematics, I have taught element union concepts, now I think it is time I taught the dis-union concept (U). Science has discovered that over time Uranium will deteriorate, into Lead. Let’s find out why? U U Pb > U/ Pb subset 6.67181 5.88636 5.71181 6.67181 5.88636 5.71181 5.63454 4.90636 8.30636 8.45272 7.35909 6.26818 Let’s study the subset to see what it is an isotope of.

Let’s see what the little bugger is an isotope of according to the charts. It seems as if it thinks it is an isotope of Hydrogen.

So what happens when we dis-union it again from Uranium?

U >

So let’s see what isotope this bugger thinks it is? It thinks it is Actinium, At, is a decay product of U/238, how about that! We could continue to dis-union from U, or we could just take the short cut and dis-union At to drop it into Pb, follow the numbers I say. The red numbers indicate radioactive decay or radioactive emissions.

What The Heck Let’s Do More Dis-Union From U.

U U U^Pb subset emissions > U U U/Pb

It appears that its closest match is Terbium. There are also 19 isotopes of which ranges from 147 to 164 weight of Tb, which indicate that this subset could be one of them.

Terbium, can also be used with Zr2 as a crystal stabilizer of fuel cells which operates at high temperature. All of the subset emissions from U, would have to be compacted and built up millions of times to create any real atomic weight, I simple state these are the product emissions that eventually form real matter as they slow and become compacted together. Let’s take UUU/Pb and dis-union it from Uranium again and see what is formed. The UUU/Pb I will call *1 emission so it is shorter to write. So what is it closest to? It falls closest to Neptunium 93 weight 237.0482.

I think that the student is beginning to understand that it will take thousands of dis-Union subsets to finally show the out come of Uranium decaying into Lead. Yet I will do a few more, *1 emission U from Uranium, again and see where that leads us. Rather than use the negative numbers I will round them up a few millions of time to a whole that I will then U (dis-Union).

Rubidium, second most electro-positive and alkaline element, ignites spontaneously in air, reacts violently in water setting fire to the liberated hydrogen.

More Still to Go

U > So what does it think it is as far as an isotope that is? It falls between Rhenium and Osmium.

As is often in the case of Union or dis-union subsets, this one leaves one with a whole lot of questions, yet whatever it is, it’s an emission from decaying Uranium. Let’s do more U sub setting.

U > So what is it?

Yet, it is still quite far in numeration from UU*2U*3, I will just refer to it as *3. So what does it think it is? It thinks it is Xenon, or close to it.

U >

Uranium U *4 and find out what it is. It thinks it is close to Cerium, yet not all the way.

U >

U >

So what does it think it is? It is closest to Americium, getting back to the swing of things.

Again.

U > Again what does it think it is, it falls between Palladium and Silver?

Palladium, atomic number 46, belongs to the Silver, atomic number 47, belongs to the 1B group of theV111, group of the periodic table, discovered periodic table, it was discovered in ancient times. Used forIn 1803 by Wollaston, it is found along with currency, artwork and has excellent electric conduction Other platinum group ores. It has the lowest properties, used in dentistry alloys and a host of otherMelting temperature of the platinum group, it applications. For more information reference the CRC,is steel white in color. White gold is formed by handbook and other sources. the addition of Pd, for more information refer-ence the CRC, handbook and other sources.Pd, absorbs 900 times its volume of H, at room temp

U >

It thinks, it is Barium.

It sure seems to jump around a lot as far as the subsets go, I eventually will have to recheck these hand calculations to make sure they are correct, yet I think that they are.

I know it will require a lot of numbers to complete the task, yet I will do more for a pattern of events, it makes it more predictable that way. Unranium, U *8 >

U > Let’s see what it thinks it is between Polonium and Astatine.

Polonium, atomic number 84, belongs to the Astatine, atomic number 85, belongs to the VIIA group ofVIA, group of the periodic table, discovered in the periodic table, discovered in 1940, by D.R. Corson,1898,, by Mme Curie. She was seeking the cause E. Segre at the university of California when Bismuth was of radioactivity in pitchblende, which came from bombarded by alpha particles. (Again I question even call-Joachimsthal and Bohemia. The electroscope showed ing these types of materials an element, more like a subset,it as separating along with bismuth. It is also called as it only exists for 8.3 hours) for more information refer-Radton. It abundance is .2% of radium. In 1934, it ence the CRC, handbook and other sources.was found when bismuth 209 was bombarded withneutrons, 210 was formed, for more informationreference the CRC, handbook and other sources.Although I am leaning more in favor of Polonium, because of its various isotopes and Uranium ores contain only 100ug per ton.

U > It falls in the region of Neon, although the Wake and South Poles are off.

U >

So what does *11, think it is, it falls between Cobalt and Neptunium.

I would lean in favor of Neptunium, based upon the limited information I have at this time.

U > I lean towards Zirconium, on this one yet, it is also about the same distance numerically from Tungsten. It would depend upon the type of X-rays again, to distinguish between them.

U >

So what is *13?

U >

So what *14 is it closest to, it looks close to Pb.

The problem is the forms that the Wake and South Poles take, they need to go further to become, pure Lead, so we will keep going.

U >

*15, looks to be between Rubidium and Ytterbium, yet I lean to Yb. Finely divided Yb, ignites in air. Natural yttrium contains but one isotope, Y^89. Twenty other unstable nuclides and isomers have been characterized.

U >

*16, falls between Niobium and Rhenium, anyone’s guess until more is known.

U > It is between, Germanium and Arsenic,

Again who knows what that means, lot of numbers between the two.

I am beginning to believe that the odd numbers, that show weaker emissions, could very well be the spent Uranium that the military uses in its munitions. The problem with this is that in time hotter more deadly emissions from the spent Uranium will come about.

U >

*18 falls between Dysprosium and Holmium.

U >

It falls again closest to Palladium.

U >

It falls closest to Germanium.

We will U *20, from U.

U >

It falls closest again to Arsenic and Germanium which is on page 16.

We will U *21 from U.

U >

Again between Rubidium and Ytterbium, again I lean towards Yb.

U *22 from U.

U >

Rhenium and Osmium information is on page 11.

and

U U*2 E page 11, I will continue with more sub sets, until I break through this cycle of events. Then I will stop and the student will learn a lesson that I hope is hard to forget.

U >

Closest to Neodymium, only the South Pole is off, getting closer.

U >

Falls between, Barium and Lanthanum, again the only the South Pole is off an improvement

U >

I lean towards Radon, in this instance, because Rn, Wake is higher than Mn.

U >

These fall in the sub set region of Lead, as well.

U >

Falls closest to Molybdenum, notice also that the poles are getting closer together.

U > Notice, it falls close to Unnilhexium, and in this instance could be real, this is exactly what I was talking about with spent Unranium, it well lead back to this someday.

U > Closest to Chlorine, yet the Wake pole is off.

U >

One pound of Cesium for ionic propulsion will propel a space craft, 140 time’s further than any know liquid or solid per weight. Not usable in the atmosphere due to toxicity.

U >

It is similar to Erbium, but totally unstable because of the Wake and South Poles.

U >

Close to Hydrogen, but unstable due to the Wake and South Poles.

U >

Close to Astatine, yet unstable due to the Wake Pole.

U >

Close to Gadolinium, and is more stable.

U >

Close to Aluminum, yet is a high numeration on the last 3, hmmm.

I had to take the subtracted wake and times by two to get higher number and the south and times by four of *37

U >

Between Pu, and Cm, still unstable due to Wake and South Poles. Again could emit radioactivity.

U >

U >

U >

Again close to Ytterbium, even the poles are closer.

U >

The students guess is as good as mine, as the Wake and the South Poles are off.

Between Rhenium and Osmium.

U >

U >

I am beginning to believe that quite a few of the nonsense numbers are the Neutrons and the Protons associated with radioactive emission. These numbers if true still represent a danger to people by calling Uranium spent. Just because what is given off does not seem to be a danger does not mean that it is not. Let’s see what *43, is close to, looks like Helium.

U >

Closer to Helium than the previous Helium sub set two up in this page.

U >

U > This little bugger emulates Californium, and will give off radioactive particle emissions this is another example of why the use of spent Uranium in not too wise.

U >

U >

U >

I would state that Actinium still emits radiation and as unstable as this sub set is I would think that it too will come about over time with spent Uranium.

U >

Note, the Wake and South Poles are off; still this would emit radiation so much for depleted Uranium.

U >

Close to Neodymium, again the Wake Pole is off thought the South Pole is very close.

U >

The Wake and South Poles are off.

U >

Or

U > The Wake is in the High 5.00000 on 54, Unh is in the low 6.00000 while the South Poles are off.

U >

U >

Polonium is the closest, yet the Wake Pole is off, the South Pole of the *56 is in the high 6.00000, and the Po is in the low 7.00000

U >

The Wake and South Poles are off which effectively cause only the release of Neutron’s and Proton’s with all of the sub sets similar to these.

U >

The Wake and South Pole numerations are reversed in sub set.

U >

U >

Again

I would have to say that the *60 is again proton’s and neutron’s.

U >

U >

At this point is where I stop. I believe that the student can get the general drift of events so far. Again as the Wake and South Poles vary from the original charts, I believe that these forms of emissions are mostly due to the neutrons and Protons that come about from the decay of Uranium. I also believe that the ones falling closest to Pb, will become Pb, and some of the sub sets laid out are very close to the original charting. It would be prudent for the student to recheck all my numbers, as previous students have found some errors. It will give a double dose to the student that way in helping to understand the mathematics and to improve the science.

Converging lenses affect By Wayne Griswold August 23, 2007

Years ago, I was able to establish, that a magnetic lens could be created to hold an aluminum can in a given region, or orbital around the lens, by increasing the field strength I was able to propel the can further away, with less energy draw it closer to the lens. If I pulled the can out of the region it was always drawn back to where it was converged, if I pushed it closer to the lens, it was propelled back to the fixed position; if I rotated the can, it in turn would rotate; then if I increased the field or decreased the field strength it would still rotate yet do so in relation to the direction and orbit of the lens.

It made me ponder, if I could do it with an aluminum can then, why could not the sun operate, using a similar principle? Though along the lines of black and dark matter; which I believe is the basis of magnetic as well as gravitational forces.

This would simply mean that as the Sun rotates, it gains and loses gravitational and magnetic field strength, because of the distortion to its rotating attitude; thus the sun is accomplishing the same motion as I was able to while moving the magnetic lens.

I also believe this is done on a micro scale, in the domains of the elements, along with the domains of magnets; that align the elements in an orderly fashion whether magnetic, molecular or gravitational.

Wave Lengths By Wayne Griswold December, 09- 2007

Wave motion, I really like the work of Paul G. Hewitt; because he gives simple pictures to illustrate the topics he covers. I will also draw something along his lines of concept.

This is not a wave, yet it is a picture of a wave for the calculations from everything from sound waves, radio frequencies, X-ray emissions, nuclear emissions, etc.The unit of frequency is termed, hertz, (Hz) after Heinrich Hertz who discovered radio waves in 1886. If the swinging sand bag is sped up then the sign waves become tighter; which indicates a higher frequency, etc; he used this concept, attaching a pencil to a magnetic coil, using a moving scroll, the faster the generative forces the tighter the frequencies (nowadays used in lie detectors etc) But In 1819, Hans Oersted of Denmark discovered, that an electric current sets up a magnetic field around a wire in which the current is flowing; and when the wire was wrapped into loops one face of the wire loop becomes a north pole while the opposite face of the loop forms the south pole. Current that is D.C. where the current passes from negative to positive, determines that the north pole of the loop becomes north and the negative side of the loop becomes south.

An A.C. current causes the loops to reverse directions at the frequency of the generator’s motion. Hertz is the measurement of these frequencies. Oersted’s discovery was of current direction and magnetic loop formations. Faraday’s discovery was of generation of electricity by moving a copper wire through a magnetic field. In 1834 a British scientist named Michael Faraday, reported the results of chemically changing water compounds by passing electricity through a solution; and that matter was electrical in nature. G.J. Stoney, 40 years later proposed the existence of particles of electricity that he termed electrons. Towards the close of the 19th century physicists began work to investigate electric current in gas discharge tubes. It was determined that electricity flowed from the cathode to the anode, (or from negative to positive).

An example, I have crudely formed, as with all of the others.

Short rendition, indicates that the properties of cathode rays, are deflected by an electric magnetic field or by a permanent magnetic field. This indicates particle properties of electricity, shown below.

These particles are also called the fundamental particles in cathode ray’s are in fact the particles of electrons proposed by Stoney. The electron charge was also proven in 1908, using a different method; by R. A, Millikan.

Electron’s were attracted to the positive plate in his experiment by drawing oil droplets to them; proving that electrons were negative in nature. So what does all of this have to do with Schrödinger and Everett’s deviation from physics? Everett is claimed as the man as the one to came up the quantum theory of multiple universes. Personally I don’t think that he did. Einstein was the one who conceived distant Parallism; which in my mind is one and the same thing wherein we study, Everett his macroscopic classical level of modern

physics, and his superposition of two or more states of being, nor do we see macroscopic objects superposition. Let’s look at what Einstein said on the subject.

1 n-bein field and metricGiven an arbitrary point P of the n-dimensional continuum, let's imagine an orthogonal n-bein of n unit vectors that represents a local coordinate system. Aa are the components of a line element or another vector with respect to this local system (n-bein). Besides that, we introduce a Gaussian coordinate system of the x for describing a finite domain. Let A be the components of a vector (A) with respect to that, and h a

the -components of the unit vectors forming the n-bein.

OR

1 The structure of the continuum

Since the number of dimensions has no impact on the following considerations, we suppose an n-dimensional continuum. To take into account the facts of metrics and gravitation we assume the existence of Riemann-metrics. But in nature we have also electromagnetic fields, which cannot be described by Riemannian metrics. The question arises: How can we join to our Riemannian spaces in a naturally logical way an additional structure that provides a uniform character of the whole thing?

A rose by any other name is still a rose. What Everett, labeled, universes; Einstein called dimensions; same damn thing as far as I can see. All of these Universes, of Everett, or Einstein’s dimensions all interact, with our universe and space time. I personally don’t give a damn, whether you call it Dark energy, Black matter, Dark matter, Simulacrum particle projects, It is all the same damn thing. This is exactly why gravity is misunderstood; it is why, magnetic fields and forces are so primitive in usage, and why every damn pet physicist is looking for fame and glory at the expense of the founders of science by not giving credit where credit is do.

I use these energies in damn near everything I do, whether it is motors, or enhanced magnetic molecular fields; everything from stripping carbon away from the CO2, or anything else I do for that matter. It takes one hell of a lot of Research to find the ideas and innovations of this world’s past scientists, the ones that have made, everyone’s work including mine to have a place in existence. That is it in a nut shell. Schrödinger theorized that electrons would vibrate, similar to the strings on a guitar, and emit waves of energy; in 1929, Erwin Schrödinger (1881- 1961) applied mathematics of the waves in the hydrogen atom; and began a field of study known as wave mechanics or quantum mechanics. His work came on top of everyone else’s at the time, Einstein, first wrote of distant parallism in 1914, and had created earlier works, that I am quite sure Schrödinger, Everett, and damn near everyone else was aware of; hell all of science is the collective knowledge of everyone in the fields of science. Everyone taking tidbits of information to fit their perspective views, I’m no different either. Neither was Einstein, he saw Madam Curries, (a chemist) work on nuclear, reactions; and decided to warn President Roosevelt

about a possible bomb made from the works by the Germans. Because at the time the energy related works, were in the field of chemistry, not physics; but because of Einstein’s warning, the physicists received all the future funding and glory on nuclear energy and just about everything else for that matter; and that is some, and only a small portion of the historical facts.

Further thoughts about Simulacrum Science By Wayne E. Griswold 4-14-2006

It is my goal to create a text book of Simulacrum Science. Simulacrum is a shadowy, imaginary image of something. A set is a term used in arithmetic, that elements in a group can be comprised of combinations real or imagined.

Science as a tool has allowed man to be objective in his strife to understand the world around him. There are almost a countless array of studies experiments and opinions that describe the physical and spiritual forces of the Universe. Mathematics in its various forms are used as the medium for thought transfer, so that in describing an event the one studying another’s events can use a fixed reference and create experiments that will duplicate the original experiment thus creating event’s to fix certain segments to ascertain as to how something is accomplished, in the mind of one person to another. So to a scientist there can be no greater language than mathematics.

Sir Isaac Newton is credited with the formulation of the basic laws of classical physics. His contributions to the optics and mathematics are of mayor and lasting importance. He formulated the basic laws of gravitation and mechanics. To understand the laws of mechanics is achieved by the basic concepts of motion, speed distance. Something is moving in reference to something stationary; S=d/time describing speed is referring to velocity, which implies of how quickly something crosses a distance. Distance is how far in a pure universe (or an abject thought). In a pure universe there is nothing that would act upon velocity once something were caused into motion. There would be no forces to stop it and it would continue on forever. But in our universe this does not happen. The object is eventually slowed and stopped, which implies the formula of acceleration=change of velocity/time. For in our universe acceleration is acted upon by gravity. Galileo has laid down basic experiments using balls rolling down runner slides; the runners were placed in various positions to create fall from different angles or descents in the influence of gravity, thus forming V=gt leads an investigator, to again look back to a stationary object acted upon, to

create motion (velocity) acceleration over distance or

Velocity and distance is a product of imagination, because in that they are measured in an arbitrary manner. One step to cross a small puddle (1 instant) 2 steps to cross a larger puddle (2 instances) which is a measurement of time; which implies that, time itself is arbitrary in that time refers to a continuous something over an imaginary distance because distance as we know and understand it is also arbitrary; in other words man has invented both concepts from imagination. Or a small rock fits in my hand, while a large rock exceeds my holding it in both hands (arbitrary). In other words I view a pen, as something smaller than my physical self (much smaller in fact). While an ant would view it as extremely large; so much so that if Tom Thumb existed, it would be considered very large to him as well, “arbitrary” all of these concepts are arbitrary. Thus it is in the world the Physicist, lives in, thus it is also in the world of Simulacrum Science. Yet by using a constant application of applied simulacrum science’s mathematics, it further fills in the gaps to help create and understand new concepts when dealing with scientific studies. So

to speak, volume and or size of a mass is arbitrary. It becomes arbitrary because it is viewed from the reference point of an observer. Simulacrum particle projections, or magnetic and gravitational forces are observed from the reference point of simulacrum mathematics, which is sad to say is my reference of simulacrum is my own mathematical pocket of rocks, therefore also arbitrary. Yet in the world of science, if a reference medium can be established and proven it has a tendency to be used over and over again as a guide or until a better pocket of rocks is discovered. Thus by certain standards, Simulacrum Mathematics, is an extension to Physics and Chemistry.

So it is established that velocity verses distance are arbitrary. I don’t want to beat this topic into the ground, yet it is an important concept to understand; if the student is to understand Simulacrum Science’s mathematics; from its intended point of view. As an observer, if I strike a match stick across a strike strip; what would be the velocity obtained by a single atom at the matches outer edge? Could it be close to the speed of light? In other words, if the match were as large as a mountain; and moved across a very large strike strip, what would a single boulders velocity have to be, to be equal to that of the single atom, of the match strip?

So therefore in dealing with light photons, and subatomic particles, the energy required to excite electrical fields, into magnetic forces; is still mechanical in their structure, aren’t they? Though, through a different medium or a form of kinetic transfer isn’t it? So when I view molecular forces more closely related to gravitational forces, and I create molecular transferences, using magnetic forces; isn’t it just a simple extension of that logic?

Let us also consider, the concept of binary mathematics, or simple yes and no, or 0 and 1 or simply on and off. Aren’t the basic charges of almost all chemical reaction, positive and negative? Attraction or repulsion? Even with this basic premise the concepts when viewed from practicable, application become quite complicated. So here I come along with North, South, Wake, Wave, East, and West, poles, and all of the possible applications possible from that point of view. Believe me I do understand why, people become confused.

I will use a simple example, of Al, verses Fe; it is known that an alloy cannot be formed with these two, true or not true? Let’s take one at a time, because using Simulacrum mathematics, a solution has been found and it is rather simple.

H0H

Let’s look at Fe.

It should become apparent as to why the two do not want to alloy. 636 exit energies cannot fit into Al, because the largest energy stream it will accept is 272, the same is true with the 545 exit of Fe, by the way. Yet it is possible for Al, to enter into the region of Fe, IF THE RIGHT CONDITIONS ARE MET.