The Use of Participles

Participles เปนรปทไมใชกรยาแท (non-finite verbs) ม 3 ชนด

I. Present Participle ไดแก Verb + ing ท าหนาทดงน

1. ตามหลง Verb to be ท าใหประโยคนนเปน Continuous Tense เชน - He is sleeping under the tree. - I have been working here for two hours.

2. ตามหลงกรยาทแสดงความรสก ไดแก see, feel, hear, smell, watch, notice, observe เมอหมายถง “การกระท านน ก าลงด าเนนอย” เชน - The teacher watched us playing football. - I saw her coming here.

3. ใชเปน Adjective หรอสวนประกอบของ Compound Adjective ประกอบหนาค านาม เชน - A crying boy is afraid of a standing dog. - That well-singing girl is my little sister.

4. ใชขยายกรรมของกรยาตอไปน find, keep, leave, catch, set, get, send, discover, bring, draw, imagine, paint, show และ take มโครงสราง คอ Subject + Verb + Object + Present Participle เชน - My friend kept me waiting the whole day. - He left me standing at the hall.

5. ใชตามหลง Verb to have ทไปแสดงผล หรอประสบการณ และใชกบ can’t หรอ won’t กได มความหมายวา “อนญาต” เชน - The doctor will soon have him going home. - The government can’t have you doing that.

6. ใชท าหนาทขยายค านามทอยขางหนา หมายถง นามนนเปนผกระท ากรยา เปนการลดประโยค Complex Sentence ทมประโยครองเปน Adjective Clause โดยลดกรยาของประโยครองใหเปน Present Participle เชน - The man who wrote that book won the prize. = The man writing that book won the prize.

7. ใชขยายกรยาตวอนในลกษณะทการกระท านนกระท าพรอมกนในเวลาเดยวกน เชน - She stood waiting for you. - They entered carrying the posters.

8. ใชรวมประโยค Simple Sentence 2 ประโยคใหเปน Simple Sentence ประโยคเดยว ม 2 ลกษณะ 1. ประธานของทง 2 ประโยคเปนตวเดยวกน 2. ประธานของทง 2 ประโยคไมใชตวเดยวกน

-2- การรวมประโยคทมประธานตวเดยวกน มหลกดงน 1. ตดประธานเสยตวหนง แตถาประธานเปน noun ตวหนง และ pronoun ตวหนง ตดตวทเปน pronoun ทง 2. ดกรยาส าคญของทง 2 ประโยควา กรยาตวใดเกดกอน ท ากรยาตวนนใหเปน Present Participle (กรยาทท าเปน V.-ing และใชน าหนาค าอน เรยกวา Participial Phrase) He saw a tiger. He ran away. = Seeing a tiger, he ran away. I stood on the road. I saw a car accident. = Standing on the road, I saw a car accident.

การรวมประโยคทไมใชประธานตวเดยวกน 1. ประธานของทง 2 ประโยคไมตดทง 2. เปลยนกรยาทเกดกอนหรอทเปนเหตนนเปน Present Participle (Present Participle ในทนจงถกน ามาใชอยางอสระ(absolute) คอ ใช คลายกบเปนกรยาของประธาน แตกไมใช เราเรยก phrase นวา absolute phrase) His mother was absent. He looked after the house. = His mother being absent, he looked after the house. The cinema was full. We went home. = The cinema being full, we went home.

II. Past Participle ไดแก กรยาชองท 3 ท าหนาท 1. ตามหลง Verb to have ท าใหประโยคนนเปน Perfect Tense เชน - We have lived here for five years.

2. ตามหลง Verb to be ท าใหประโยคนนเปน Passive Voice เชน - he was punished by the teacher.

3. ใชเปน Adjective หรอ สวนประกอบของ Compound Adjective ประกอบหนาค านาม เชน - The used car is not dear. - She doesn’t like a badly-built house.

4. ใชขยายนามทอยขางหนา หมายถง นามนนไมไดเปนผกระท ากรยาแตถกกระท า เชน - The songs composed by James are popular. (มาจาก The songs that were composed by James are popular.)

5. ใชรวมประโยค Simple Sentence 2 ประโยคใหเปน Simple Sentence ประโยคเดยว (มหลกการรวมประโยคเหมอนขอ 8 ใน Present Participle) เชน - He was punished by his teacher. He came to school early. = Punished by the teacher, he came to school early.

-3- III. Perfect Participle ไดแก Having+กรยาชองท 3 มการใช คอ ใชเมอการกระท า 2 อยาง เกดขนไมพรอมกน โดยทการกระท าอนทหนงเกดขนกอน และกจบลงไปแลว จงไดมการกระท าอนทสองเกดขนตามหลง การกระท าทเกดกอนใช Perfect Participle สวนการกระท าทท าตามหลงยงคงไวตามเดม เชน - She arrived in India. She went to see the Taj Mahal. = Having arrived in India, she went to see the Taj Mahal. - They have finished their homework. They go for a swim. = Having finished their homework, they go for a swim. - The sun rose. The fog disappeared. = The sun having risen, the fog disappeared.

NOTE 1. เราสามารถวาง Conjunction ก ากบหนา Participle ได เชน - While waiting for the bus, he met an old friend. - After having studied the question, he started to write.

2. ถากรยาในสวนทจะยอ(หลง Conjunction) เปน be กใหตดทงได เชน - When you are in Rome, do as the Romans do. - When in Rome, do as the Romans do. - If they are hungry, they go to the kitchen. - If hungry, they go to the kitchen.

3. after, before, since เปน preposition ดวย ใชกบ V-ing ไดอยแลว - He has earned his own living since leaving school.

4. as soon as+ประโยค อาจใช on + V.-ing ได - As soon as the dog saw the cat, it ran after it. - On seeing the cat, the dog ran after it.

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EXERCISE

The Use of Participles DIRECTIONS : In the following sentences supply the correct form of the participle.

1. (stare) at him severely, he refused to answer. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. (conclude) her summation of the evidence, the defense attorney rested her client’s case. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3. (tell) he was no longer needed, he decided to ask for a transfer. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4. (find) the door closed behind him, he looks about for an emergency exit. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5. (leave) the Army with an honorable discharge, he was surprised that it took him three months to find work. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6. (receive) the honorary degree, the distinguished physician soon left for the airport. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7. (offer) the house for $ 5,000 less than its market value, he hoped to sell it quickly. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8. Customers (arrive) after six o’clock will find the store closed. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9. The auditors will be concerned with entries (omit) from the books. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10. She will find her new position (challenge). …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11. Have you seen the (wound) soldiers? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12. While (speak) on the soap-box, I was interrupted. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13. I found a book carefully (place) in the desk. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14. The (tire) farmer was wearing a (tear) coat. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15. Though (alarm) at the news, he did not lose all hope. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

-2- 16. After (defeat), the team began to practice much harder than before. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17. (order) to go, he went immediately. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18. (laugh) at by everybody, Malee started to cry. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 19. Critics (review) for the newspapers attended the Gala Premier of the performance. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20. Houses (locate) in town are in great demand. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. DIRECTIONS ; Correct the following sentences. 1. Going at full speed, he was hit by a car. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Getting to school very late, the teacher punished the boy. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3. Having finished my work, the teacher permitted me to go home. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Felt very hungry, he bought food to eat. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. Was fined ten baht, he deplored it. ………………………………………………………………………………………………...

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NAME……………………………………………………………………………. M.6/…………… NO …………..

TEST : The Use of Participles

Directions : Supply the correct form of each word given in brackets. 1. The boy (order) …………………………………….. to do that work is very honest. 2. (see) ………………………………………. a cat sleeping on the sofa, Mary laughed. 3. The stamps (give) ………………………………………. to me are very beautiful. 4. The lessons (learn) ………………………………………. easily are soon forgotten. 5. The butter, (leave) ………………………………………. on the plate, must be put in the refrigerator. 6. While (speak) ……………………………………….. on the soap-box, I was interrupted. 7. Do you know the (educate) …………………………………….. man over there? 8. He has to live in the (finish) half-…………………………………… house because he is rather poor. 9. The (surround) ……………………………………….. soldiers were easily defeated by the enemy. 10. The gardens (surround) ……………………………………. the building are beautiful. Directions : Change the following complex sentences into simple ones. 1. The cat-burglar who was arrested by the police three weeks ago was sent to prison. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. A child who is burnt dreads the fire. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. I don't like the food which was badly cooked. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4. The students who are taught well can pass the final examination. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5. I watched the girls while they were playing tennis. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. Do not disturb the dogs that are sleeping. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7. I stood watching a bird that was feeding its young. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8. While he was going home, he met his father. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

-2- 9. The time which is lost is lost forever. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10. I found a man who was lying by the footpath. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Directions : Combine each pair of sentences into ONE simple sentence, using v-ing or p.p. 1. The road leads to Trad province. It is called Sukhumvit Road. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. I explained my case to the doctor. I was seated on the chair. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. He saw the girl in danger. He swam to her assistance. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4. They will pull down the house next week. It was built fifty years ago. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5. The policeman heard a noise behind him. He turned quickly. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. Sunan passed the examination. She wanted to continue her study of English abroad. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7. The janitor went to bed immediately. He had locked the three front doors. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8. I was returning home. I saw a man. He was lying by the roadside. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9. I didn't know my way. I asked a policeman. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10. She sat on the bench. A scorpion stung her. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Denotation/Connotation Exercises Define denotation: __________________________________________________________________________ Define connotation: _________________________________________________________________________ For each pair of words and a phrase, list the one that is positive in the “positive connotation” category, the one that is negative in the “negative connotation” category, and the phrase that is a more neutral definition for both words in the “denotation” column. The first two are done for you.

1. gaze, look steadily, stare 2. fragrance, odor, a smell sensed by the olfactory nerve 3. brainwash, persuade, influence one way or another 4. delayed, not on time, tardy 5. somewhat interested, nosy, curious 6. lazily, without haste, leisurely 7. ask of someone, demand, request 8. gathering, a large group, mob 9. slim, skinny, less than average build 10. discuss with others, debate, argue 11. observe, watch, spy 12. a young age, youthful, immature 13. not having a care, irresponsible, carefree 14. unique, not commonly found, strange 15. find, detect, snoop 16. inexpensive, fairly priced, cheap 17. isolation, privacy, having an opportunity to be alone 18. assertive, firmly confident, pushy 19. extravagance, generosity, giving much

Positive Connotation Denotation Negative Connotation 1 gaze look steadily stare 2 fragrance a smell sensed by the olfactory nerve odor 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Choose four words from the table above . Write a sentence in which the word appears, the word’s part of speech, its denotation, and positive or negative connotations associated with it.

Example: 1. WORD: fragrance

SENTENCE USING THE WORD: The candlemaker chose a pleasing, spicy fragrance for the Holiday-scented candle. PART OF SPEECH: noun DENOTATION: a smell sensed by the olfacroty nerve POSITIVE CONNOTATION: fragrance SYNONYMN WITH NEGATIVE CONNOTATION: odor

2. WORD: _______________________________

SENTENCE USING THE WORD: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART OF SPEECH: _____________________________

DENOTATION: _____________________________________________________________________ POSITIVE CONNOTATION:___________________________________________________________ SYNONYM WITH NEGATIVE CONNOTATION: _________________________________________

3. WORD: _______________________________

SENTENCE USING THE WORD: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART OF SPEECH: _____________________________ DENOTATION: _____________________________________________________________________ POSITIVE CONNOTATION:___________________________________________________________ SYNONYM WITH NEGATIVE CONNOTATION: _________________________________________

4. WORD: _______________________________

SENTENCE USING THE WORD: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART OF SPEECH: _____________________________ DENOTATION: _____________________________________________________________________ POSITIVE CONNOTATION:___________________________________________________________ SYNONYM WITH NEGATIVE CONNOTATION: _________________________________________

5. WORD: _______________________________

SENTENCE USING THE WORD: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART OF SPEECH: _____________________________ DENOTATION: _____________________________________________________________________ POSITIVE CONNOTATION:___________________________________________________________ SYNONYM WITH NEGATIVE CONNOTATION: _________________________________________

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Denotation/Connotation Test

1. Select a synonym for "Denotation" a. Definition b. Diction c. Reference d. Meaning 2. What does "Connotation" mean? a. Definition b. Diction c. Cultural definition 3. If someone uses the term "rug rat", is this a denotative or connotative definition for the term "child"? a. Connotative b. Denotative c. Neither 4. What is the denotation of "snake"? a. An amphibian b. A liar, cheater, or fraud c. Snake 5. What is a connotative meaning of the term, "dog"? a. A rich person b. A canine c. Someone who is morally detestable 6. What is the denotative meaning of the phrase, "Kick the bucket." a. Actually kicking a bucket with your foot b. Dying c. Falling in a bucket and getting totally embarrassed 7. How is denotation different from connotation? a. Denotation is a definition, whereas connotation is created through cultural references b. Denotation is a cultural reference, whereas connotation is a strict dictionary definition c. They are basically the same thing 8. In the following sentence, is the connotative or denotative definition used for "piece of cake"?" a. That test was a piece of cake!" b. Connotative c. Denotative d. Neither 9. Which is more serious? a. Problem b. Disaster 10. Which is more polite? a. To sip a drink b. To gulp a drink ******************************************************************************************

ค าศพททมความหมายหลายนย

ภาษาองกฤษ เปนภาษาทมค าศพทมากมาย ค าศพทแตละค าอาจมความหมายไดหลายนยหรอหลายความหมาย โดยความหมายจะแตกตางกนไปตามปรบท

ตวอยางค าศพททมความหมายหลายนย

1. blue (adj.) 1.1 เศรา / เสยใจ I always feel blue when the sun sets. ฉนมกจะรสกเศราเมอยามพระอาทตยตก 1.2 เกยวของกบเรองเพศ Some say Thai jokes are a bit blue. บางคนกลาววาเรองตลกแบบไทย ๆ มกจะเกยวกบเรองเพศ 1.3 ดนตรประเภทหนง (noun - เปนรปพหพจนเสมอ) I like the blues. ฉนชอบเพลงบล 1.4 อยางไมคาดฝน (ส านวน out of the blue) He arrived completely out of the blue. เขามาโดย (ทเรา) ไมคาดฝนเลย

2. body (n.) 2.1 สวนล าตว / ตวถงของเรอบน / รถยนต The Boeing 747 has a wide body. เครองบนโบอง 747 มล าตวกวาง 2.2 ซากศพ Several bodies from the wrecked ship were washed ashore. ซากศพหลายศพจากเรอแตกถกพดมาเกยฝง 2.3 เนอหาสวนทส าคญ A piece of news has a lead and a body. ขาวชนหนงประกอบดวยบทน าขาวกบเนอขาว 2.4 รางกาย We wear clothes to keep our bodies warm. เขาสวมใสเสอผาเพอท าใหรางกายอบอน

3. confidence (n.) 3.1 ความเชอมนในความสามารถ He lacks confidence in himself when he appears in public. เขาขาดความเชอมนในตนเองเมอปรากฎตวในทสาธารณะ

-2- 3.2 ความศรทธา ความไววางใจ ความไวใจในคนอนหรอสงอน They have no confidence in the computer system. เขาไมมความไววางใจระบบคอมพวเตอร 3.3 ความลบ The girl exchanged confidences about their boyfriends. เดกผหญงแลกความลบเรองแฟน ๆ ของเธอ 3.4 บอกความลบ He took her into his confidence and told her the whole truth. เขาบอกความลบและความจรงทงหมดใหเธอทราบ

4. critical (adj.) 4.1 ส าคญมาก This was a critical moment in his career. ตอนนเปนชวงเวลาทส าคญมากในอาชพของเขา 4.2 สาหส / อนตราย He was taken to hospital because his condition was critical. เขาถกน าสงโรงพยาบาลเพราะอาการสาหส 4.3 แสดงความคดเหนอยางรนแรง He was highly critical of the government’s policy. เขาวพากษวจารณนโยบายรฐบาลอยางรนแรง

5. deliver (v.) 5.1 สง The postman delivers letters every day. บรษไปรษณยสงจดหมายทกวน 5.2 บรรยาย / ปราศรย He delivered an interesting lecture on Thai history at the seminar. เขาบรรยายเรองประวตศาสตรไทยในสมมนา 5.3 ชวยท าคลอด The co-pilot and the steward delivered a baby girl in mid-flight. ผชวยกปตนและพนกงานตอนรบชายชวยท าคลอดทารกเพศหญงในระหวางเทยวบน

6. a. fair (adj.) 6.1 ยตธรรม You must be fair to both sides. คณตองยตธรรมตอทงสองฝาย

-3- 6.2 ดพอใช His knowledge of English language is fair. ความรภาษาองกฤษของเขาพอใชได 6.3 ผวขาว / ผวสออน Unprotected fair skin gets sunburned quickly. ผวขาวทไมไดปกปองถกแดดเผางาย

b. fair (n.) 6.4 การแสดงสนคา I bought many books at the Chula book fair. ฉนซอหนงสอหลายเลมจากงานหนงสอจฬาฯ 6.5 งานออกราน The Thai Red Cross fair is usually held in January. งานกาชาดมกจะจดในเดอนมกราคม

7. figure (n.) 7.1 ตวเลข Her income is in six figures. รายไดของเธอเปนตวเลขหกหลก 7.2 จ านวน According to the research, there are high unemployment figures. จากผลการวจย มจ านวนคนตกงานสง 7.3 รปราง She is doing exercises to improve her figure. เธอออกก าลงกายเพอท าใหรปรางดขน 7.4 บคคลส าคญในแขนงใดแขนงหนง The late President Yitzak Rabin was one of the leading political figures of this country. อดตประธานาธบด ยทซค ราบน ผลวงลบเปนบคคลส าคญทางการเมองคนหนงในประเทศน

8. host (n.) 8.1 เจาภาพ Since his father was still abroad, he acted as host at the dinner party. เพราะวาพอของเขายงอยตางประเทศ เขากเลยตองเปนเจาภาพงานเลยงอาหารเยน 8.2 พธกรรายการวทย, โทรทศน Jack is a famous talk show host. แจคเปนพธกรรายการพดทมชอเสยง 8.3 ประเทศเจาภาพ Thailand was the host country for the World Bank meeting in 1991. ประเทศไทยเปนประเทศเจาภาพในการประชมธนาคารโลกในป ค.ศ. 1991

-4- 9. ill (adj.) 9.1 ปวย David was ill when he returned from upcountry. เดวดปวยเมอเขากลบมาจากตางจงหวด เมอใชในความหมายอนๆ นอกจากปวย 9.2 There’s a lot of ill feeling (= jealousy, anger, etc.) about her being promoted. มการอจฉารษยาเกยวกบเรองทเธอไดเลอนต าแหนง 9.3 If a black cat crosses your path, it’s considered ill omen. ถาแมวด าวงตดหนาไปถอวาเปนลางราย (โชคราย)

10. man (n.) 10.1 คน (ทงผหญง ผชาย) Any man could do that. ใคร ๆ กท าได 10.2 มนษย / มนษยชาต Man is mortal. มนษยไมเปนอมตะ (มนษยทกคนตองตาย) 10.3 ผชาย She behaves like a man. เธอประพฤตตวราวกบผชาย 10.4 สาม They are man and wife. เขาเปนสามภรรยากน

11. operation (n.) 11.1 ปฏบตการ U.S. soldiers performed important military operations in Bosnia. ทหารสหรฐฯ ปฏบตการทางทหารครงส าคญทบอสเนย 11.2 การผาตด The surgeon is performing a minor operation on her hand. ศลยแพทยก าลงผาตดเลกทมอของเธอ 11.3 ส านวน in (into) operation หมายถง ก าลงด าเนนการ หรอ ก าลงใช When does the new traffic law come into operation? เมอไหรกฎหมายจราจรจะออกใช

-5- 12. to run (v.) 12.1 รบผดชอบ / ดแล / จดการ She runs the household. เธอดแลบาน 12.2 เลอย The vine runs over the porch. เถาองนเลอยไปตามระเบยง 12.3 ก าลงท างาน The engine is running. เครองจกรก าลงท างาน 12.4 ไหล Tears were running his face. น าตาไหลอาบหนาเขา 12.5 ส (ตก) ของเหลว (ละลาย) เพราะความรอนหรอน า If a dye is nonfast, the colour will run when the material is washed. ถาสยอมไมตด เมอน าไปซกสกจะตก

13. sentence (n.) 13.1 ประโยค The structure of this sentence is awkward. โครงสรางของประโยคนพกล 13.2 การตดสนลงโทษ The sentence was three years in prison and a fine of 100,000 baht. การตดสนลงโทษ คอ จ าคก 3 ป และปรบเปนเงน 1 แสนบาท

14. subject (n.) 14.1 หวขอ He tried to change the subject of the conversation from politics to sport. เขาพยายามเปลยนหวขอการสนทนาจากเรองการเมองเปนกฬา 14.2 วชา Chemistry is my favorite subject เคมเปนวชาทฉนชอบมาก 14.3 พลเมองของประเทศทมพระมหากษตรยเปนประมข He denied that he is a British subject. เขาปฏเสธวาไมไดเปนพลเมององกฤษ

-6- 15. table (n.) 15.1 ตาราง The figures in the table show the decrease in this year’s profits. ตวเลขในตารางแสดงใหเหนผลก าไรทลดลง 15.2 สารบญ The table of contents shows the different parts into which the book is divided. สารบญจะแสดงถงสวนตาง ๆ ตามทหนงสอแบงไว 15.3 ส านวน under the table (of money) เงนสนบน เงนใตโตะ They offered me one million under the table if I would vote against the government’s plans. เขาตดสนบนฉนเปนจ านวนเงน 1 ลานบาท ถาฉนออกเสยงคดคานแผนการของรฐบาล timetable (n.) = ตารางเวลาเขา/ออก ของรถ/รถไฟ/เครองบน (British English) = ตารางสอน (American English)

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แบบฝกหด จงแปลประโยคตอไปนใหไดใจความ

1. The death sentence has been abolished in many countries and replaced by a life sentence. 2. Many countries have joined in the famine relief operation in Africa. 3. She underwent a major heart operation.

4. His Majesty the King always cares for his subjects. 5. She wrote a book on the subject of cooking. 6. My sister is forty now, but she has kept her figure. 7. Please write the number both in words and in figures. 8. We exchanged confidences and I promised to keep each other’s secrets forever. 9. He had no confidence in anyone around him. 10. Will you deliver these goods for me at home? 11. President Clinton delivered an emotional speech at the funeral of the late

President Rabin. 12. The baby had to be delivered by caesarian operation. 13. She felt blue after giving birth to the baby. 14. His illness is rather critical.

15. She was fair and blue-eyed. 16. Look for the information in the table of contents.

17. Drinks were being prepared by the host. 18. His host country had supplied him with a place to live for a week. 19. She said she did not want to go out with a man who had such ill manners. 20. Somsri has been ill for a couple of days. 21. There’s a lot of ill feeling between father and son. 22. The sewing machine won’t run properly. 23. The tears ran down her cheeks. 24. If you have a bad cold, your nose runs. 25. He hopes his son will run the business successfully. 26. All men must die. 27. Nelson’s body was brought back to England for burial. 28. The bodies of most animals are covered with hair or fur. 29. Man is said to be able to live without food for seven days. 30. Men are weak, but men are also strong. *************************************************************************************

Idioms

Direction : Complete the sentences with the correct idiom and translate them.

1. After announcing that we would get no pay increase, the boss ………………………………………………

by increasing our work hours.

Translation________________________________________________________

2. From the tower of the cathedral, you have ……………………………………………………………… of the city.

Translation________________________________________________________

3. Little Molly is ………………………………………………….. her mother’s……………………………………………… .

Translation________________________________________________________

4. I could never go to a karaoke night. I need to relax and ………………………………………………… a bit.

Translation________________________________________________________

5. The sports teacher says he’ll take me off the football team if I don’t ……………………………………..

Translation________________________________________________________

the apple of someone eye.

a bird’s eye view

added fuel to the fire

let down your hair

pull your socks up

Idioms

Directions : Complete the sentences with one of the phrases below.

1.I’m ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. snakes

2.The dog next door …………………..……………………………………………….. me every time.

3.I would ……………………………………………………………………………… to protect my family.

4.Villagers near the forest ………………………………………………………………… attacks from wolves.

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Fight to the death Live in fear of

Scared to death of Frighten the life out of

Directions : Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate idioms. 1. He _______ me _______. very late last night. make out 2. Don’t ___________ the poor. put up with 3. I want to be ________ take to 4. Do you think he will _______if I give him some whisky. went over 5. I will _______________you as far as the post office. come round 6. The police tried to _______ the crime. come by 7. He _______ the house thoroughly before buying it. go with 8. Why do people___________ such silly things? call on 9. Boys ________ girls like fish to water. get over 10. I can’t ___________the meaning of the poem. drop in 11. You should buy that blouse. It will _______ well _________ your red suit. look down on 12. I hope that money was honestly __________ turned out 13. Let’s _________John at John’s house. take out 14. Sompong was really upset when he failed the test. clear up He thought he would never _________ feeling so stupid. come along with 15. Some rich people ___________ for a long holiday abroad. took down 16. She knows how to __________ her father. called up 17. This school has _________ some first-rate scholars. get round 18. The students _________ what this teacher lectured. went away 19. _________ your hands __________ of your pocket. by myself 20. I thought I’d ________ on you while I was passing.

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Two Words Verb

Complete the following sentences using appropriate idiomatic expressions.

1. If she has ……………………….. her mind on getting something, there is no stopping her.

a) set b) kept c) turned

2. Although I tried really hard, I couldn’t take my mind ……………………… the work pressure.

a) on b) off c) of

3. …………………….. my mind, this is quite unacceptable.

a) for b) to c) at

4. This apartment was designed with Ann ………………………. mind.

a) in b) on c) at

5. My mind has gone ………………………… I can’t remember anything.

a) wrong b) blank c) full

6. There is nothing that you can’t achieve if you put your ………………………. to it.

a) brain b) mind c) heart

7. You look worried. Have you got something ……………………….. your mind?

a) on b) off c) at

8. Come on, ……………………… up your mind.

a) make b) bring c) put

9. Knowing that he is just a phone call away is a ………………………. off my mind.

a) matter b) weight c) concern

10. I told them that I have a/an ……………………. mind on the matter.

a) open b) closed c) sincere

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Two Words Verb

Complete the following sentences. 1. The police accused me ………… (to, of, by, on) stealing a car. 2. Steven is accustomed …………. (to, of, with, on) eating Thai food. 3. His knowledge is superior ………………. (than, to, at, on) hers. 4. The novel written in U.S.A. is based ……………. (on, from, by, in) his experience of life. 5. Let me congratulate you …………… (in, with, on, to) your success. 6. Though I don’t allow him to say, but he persists ……….. (of, on, at, in) saying. 7. I went to see my friend …………….. (of, off, from, in) at Don Muang when he left here for England. 8. My friend boasted ………………. (about, on, of, to) his success too much. 9. These foreigners want to exchange dollars …………… (for, in, with, at) Thai money at my office. 10. Can he confess the truth …………. (at, with, on, to) the police? 11. Thai soldiers have to protect their country, and they won’t yield ……………… (with, to, from, by) the communists. 12. Her means is equivalent ……………. (to, with, than, at) yours. 13. Our teacher prohibited us ……………………. (to, from, about, at) smoking. 14. She is sick ……………… (of, to, at, on) living with her husband together. 15. Your manager is never responsible ………………… (of, for, to, with) his duty. 16. Somsri was employed …………….. (to, of, at, in) washing clothes in my house. 17. His brother disappointed …………… (to, with, for, at) low marks. 18. Our country is famous …………. (for, about, to, at) the fine arts. 19. This television is similar ………….. (with, for, about, to) that one. 20. You shouldn’t be jealous …………… (of, with, from, to) her beauty. 21. When you get …………….. (to, by, off, at) the post office, please lay this letter into the box. 22. Her reason is excellent so I give ……………. (on, over, with, up) chatters. 23. After his father had died, he look …………… (on, over, with, up) chattles. 24. He lost his pen and then he went back to look ………..(after, at, for, in) it. 25. She suspected you …………. (to, of, on, in) the thief who stole her diamond ring last night. ******************************************************************************************

Synonym

Choose the alternative that best keeps the meaning of the underlined word (s). 1. The Prime Minister proposed the road map for national reconciliation. (a) division (b) reunion (c) recommendation (d) interest 2. Kasornkasivit School, a vocational institute aimed at training buffaloes and farmers, was officially launched in March 2009. (a) inaugurated (b) laid down (c) completed (d) constructed 3. Although Jane’s aunt is 60 years old, she still looks well. (a) attractive (b) fine (c) healthy (d) good 4. The problems of drug and human trafficking along Thai borders need to be resolved.

(a) transportation (b) trade (c) exchange (d) tracking 5. Thailand’s stance, which rejected a draft text on climate change, was in line with G 77 countries. (a) statement (b) discussion (c) opposition (d) position 6. The business companies pledged to freeze prices of basic consumer goods for another 3 months. (a) promised (b) rejected (c) proposed (d) allowed 7. The World Bank disclosed that China’s economic outlook remained favorable. (a) status (b) performance (c) forecast (d) stability 8. It is doubtful that the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system can help solve traffic congestion in Bangkok. (a) flow (b) movement (c) digestion (d) jam 9. Farmers are warned to delay their major rice crop cultivation due to widespread dry spell. (a) drought (b) flooding (c) cold (d) warmth 10. Foreign tourists enjoy a haven of tranquility in northern hilly area in Chiang Mai Province. (a) transit (b) pleasure (c) calm (d) recreation

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