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The Youth Risk Behavior The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS):Surveillance System (YRBSS):
20032003
National, State, and Local DataNational, State, and Local Data
Purposes of the YRBSS
Focus the nation on behaviors among youth causing the most important health problems
Assess how risk behaviors change over time
Provide comparable data
Behaviors That Contribute to the Leading Causes of Morbidity and Mortality
Behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence
Tobacco use
Alcohol and other drug use
Sexual behaviors
Unhealthy dietary behaviors
Inadequate physical activity
Leading Causes of Death Among Persons Aged 10-24 Years in the U.S., 2001
Suicide12%
Motor Vehicle Crashes
32%
Other Unintentional
I njuries12%
Other Causes29%
Homicide15%
Leading Causes of Death Among Persons Aged 25 Years and Older in the U.S., 2001
Cancer24%
Other Causes29%
COPD5%
Diabetes3%
Cardiovascular Disease
39%
Impact of Sexual Behaviors
870,000 pregnancies occur each year among 15-19 year olds
490,000 live births occur each year to teen mothers aged 15-19 years
3 million sexually transmitted diseases occur each year among 13-19 year olds
Characteristics of the National, State, and Local School-based YRBS
9th-12th grade students
Probability samples of schools and students
Anonymous
Self-administered computer-scannable questionnaire
Completed in one class period (45 minutes)
Conducted biennially during the spring
2003 National YRBS
National probability sample of public and private schools
n=15,214
School-level response rate = 81%
Student-level response rate = 83%
Overall response rate = 67%
Response Rates and Sample Sizes National YRBS, 1991-2003
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
School response rate
75% 78% 70% 79% 77% 75% 81%
Student response rate
90% 90% 86% 87% 86% 83% 83%
Overall response rate
68% 70% 60% 69% 66% 63% 67%
Sample size 12,272 16,296 10,904 16,262 15,349 13,601 15,214
State and Local YRBS Participation1991 - 2003
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Number of states (excluding DC)
26 40 39 38 41 37 43
Number of territories 2 2 5 4 4 7 5
Number of cities (including DC)
11 14 17 17 17 19 22
Total number of sites 39 56 61 59 62 63 69
Number and percent of weighted sites
N=17
44%
N=33
59%
N=37
61%
N=42
71%
N=38
61%
N=38
60%
N=55
80%
YRBSS Information
www.cdc.gov/yrbss
2003 questionnaire and item rationale
MMWR Surveillance Summaries
Youth 2003 Online
Data and codebooks for the national surveys
Publications, journal articles, and fact sheets
Policy and Program Applications
Describe risk behaviors
Create awareness
Set program goals
Develop programs and policies
Support health-related legislation
Seek funding
Describe Risk Behaviors
Overall and among subgroups of youth
How risk behaviors are interrelated
Create Awareness
Among: Legislators, boards of education, and school
administrators Parents Community members School staff Students Media
Set Program Goals
Strategic plans for school health programs
Healthy People 2010 objectives
American Cancer Society measures of success
CDC’s Performance Plan
HIV Prevention Strategic Plan Through 2005
Develop Programs and Policies
School health programs and policies
Programs and policies for youth in high risk situations
Instructional guides and materials
Teacher training programs
Support Health-Related Legislation
School health program requirements
School health council requirements
Drug-free or weapon-free school zone laws
Minors access laws
Drinking and driving laws
Bans on billboards and other advertising
Competitive food policies
Seek Funding
Justify funding from federal, state, and private agencies and foundations
2003 YRBS Results
Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Seat Belts,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* When riding in a car driven by someone else** M > F
21.516.9
20.6 20.218.214.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Seat Belts,* 1991 - 2003
* When riding in a car driven by someone else1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
25.919.1 21.7 19.3
16.4 18.21
14.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rcen
t
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Seat Belts,*
Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* When riding in a car driven by someone else
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
5.6 5.4
15.112.1
23.2
33.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Bicycle Helmets,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Among the 62.3% of students who rode bicycles during the 12 months preceding the survey** B, H > W; B > H
87.283.8
94.690.185.9
84.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
* Among students who rode bicycles during the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Bicycle Helmets,* 1991 - 2003
96.2 92.8 92.888.4
85.3 85.9184.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Bicycle Helmets,*
Across 28 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Among students who rode bicycles during the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
75.2
86.6 89.095.7 97.1
52.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Rode with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Alcohol,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey** H > W, B
29.2 28.5 30.936.4
30.2 31.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
Percentage of High School Students Who Rode with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Alcohol,* 1991 - 2003
39.935.3
38.8 36.633.1 30.2130.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Rode with a Driver Who Had Been
Drinking Alcohol,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
17.9 18.6
28.2
42.8 40.6
28.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Drove After Drinking Alcohol,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F; W > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
15.0 12.99.1 11.712.1
8.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
Percentage of High School Students Who Drove After Drinking Alcohol,* 1991 - 2003
16.713.5 15.4 16.9
13.1 12.1113.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Drove After Drinking Alcohol,* Across
32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* In a car or vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
7.44.5
11.3
7.4
26.7
12.3
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
26.9
16.7 17.3 16.517.1
6.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon,* 1991 - 2003
* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
26.122.1 20.0 18.3 17.3 17.1117.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon,* Across 28 States
and 18 Cities, 2003
* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
12.3 11.3
16.9 16.0
24.6 25.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Gun,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
10.25.9 6.0 5.4
6.11.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Gun,* 1993 - 2003
* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
7.9 7.6 5.9 4.9 6.115.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Per
cen
t
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Gun,* Across 26 States and
18 Cities, 2003
* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
3.4 3.4
5.9 5.7
10.58.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; B, H > W; B > H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
40.5
30.5
39.736.133.0
25.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight,* 1991 - 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
42.5 41.838.7 36.6 35.7 33.0133.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight,* Across 32
States and 18 Cities, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
26.4 27.230.3
37.4
44.3
35.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Injured in a Physical Fight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey with injuries that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse ** M > F; B, H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
5.7 2.9 5.5 5.24.22.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Injured in a Physical Fight,* 1991 - 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey with injuries that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse1 No change over time
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
4.4 4.0 4.2 3.5 4.0 4.214.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Injured in a Physical Fight,*
Across 29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey with injuries that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
2.4 2.3
3.4
4.8
8.6
4.2
0
5
10
15
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Experienced Dating Violence,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by a boyfriend or girlfriend during the 12 months preceding the survey** B, H > W; B > H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
8.9 7.013.9
9.38.9 8.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Experienced Dating Violence,* 1999 - 2003
* Hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by a boyfriend or girlfriend during the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
8.8 9.5 8.91
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Experienced Dating Violence,* Across 29 States and
17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
6.57.3
10.011.7
14.0
16.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
* Hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by a boyfriend or girlfriend during the 12 months preceding the survey
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Physically Forced to Have Sexual Intercourse, by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* F > M; B, H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
6.1 7.312.3 10.49.0 11.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female* Male White Black* Hispanic*
Per
cen
t
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Physically Forced to Have Sexual
Intercourse, Across 26 States and 15 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
5.4 5.5
8.7 8.5
12.411.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Unsafe at School or On Their Way To or From School ,* by Gender
and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** B, H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
5.5 3.18.4 9.45.4 5.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Unsafe at School or On Their Way To or From School ,* 1993 -
2003
* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
4.4 4.5 4.0 5.2 5.416.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Unsafe at School or On Their Way To or From School,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities,
2003
* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
2.8
5.54.9
9.88.7
16.2
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon on School Property,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
8.95.5 6.9 6.06.1
3.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon on School Property,* 1993 - 2003
* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
11.8 9.8 8.5 6.9 6.116.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon on School Property,*
Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
3.2 3.5
5.8 6.1
10.1 10.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Threatened or Injured with a Weapon on School Property,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* For example, a gun, knife, or club one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; B > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
11.67.8
10.9 9.49.26.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Threatened or Injured with a Weapon on School
Property,* 1993 - 2003
* For example, a gun, knife, or club one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
7.3 8.4 7.4 7.7 9.218.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Threatened or Injured with a
Weapon on School Property,* Across 32 States and18 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
* For example, a gun, knife, or club one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey
5.26.87.5
9.79.7
12.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School Property,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; B, H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
17.1
10.0
17.1 16.7
8.0
12.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School Property,* 1993 - 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
16.2 15.5 14.8 14.2 12.8112.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School
Property,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
8.6 9.3
11.3
15.314.6
22.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Had Property Stolen or Deliberately Damaged on School Property,* by
Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
33.128.2 30.4 32.3
26.229.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had Property Stolen or Deliberately
Damaged on School Property,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
23.0 22.9
28.8 29.0
35.7 36.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Sad or Hopeless,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for > 2 weeks in a row that they stopped doing some usual activities during the 12 months preceding the survey
** F > M; H > W, B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
21.926.2 26.3
35.428.6
35.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Sad or Hopeless,* 1999 - 2003
* Felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for > 2 weeks in a row that they stopped doing some usual activities during the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003
28.3 28.3 28.61
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Sad or Hopeless,* Across 32 States
and 18 Cities, 2003
* Felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for > 2 weeks in a row that they stopped doing some usual activities during the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
20.8
25.927.9
31.131.934.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Seriously Considered Attempting Suicide,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey
** F > M; W, H > B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
12.816.5
12.518.116.9 21.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Seriously Considered Attempting Suicide,* 1991 - 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
29.024.1 24.1
20.5 19.3 16.9119.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Seriously Considered Attempting Suicide,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
13.5
11.5
17.3
14.3
21.019.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Made a Suicide Plan,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey
** W, H > B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
14.1 16.210.4
17.616.5 18.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Made a Suicide Plan,* 1991 - 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
18.6 19.0 17.7 15.7 14.5 16.5114.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Made a Suicide Plan,* Across 30 States
and 17 Cities, 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
10.9
8.6
13.311.7
17.2 16.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Actually Attempted Suicide,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey
** F > M; H > W, B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
5.4 6.9 8.4 10.68.5 11.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Actually Attempted Suicide,* 1991 - 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
7.3 8.6 8.7 7.7 8.3 8.518.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Actually Attempted Suicide,* Across 31
States and 18 Cities, 2003
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
6.67.4
8.59.9
11.9 12.3
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Whose Suicide Attempt Required Medical Attention,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey
** B, H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
2.4 1.7 3.7 5.02.9 3.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Whose Suicide Attempt Required Medical Attention,* 1991 - 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
1.7 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.912.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Whose Suicide Attempt Required Medical
Attention,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
1.6 1.72.7
3.3
4.85.0
0
5
10
15
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cigarette Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs
58.7 58.1 58.461.958.4 58.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cigarette Use,* 1991 - 2003
* Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
70.1 69.5 71.3 70.2 70.4
58.4163.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cigarette Use,*
Across 29 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
32.8
43.9
59.953.5
71.166.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Daily Cigarette Use,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Ever smoked 1 cigarettes every day for 30 days** W > B, H
15.718.9
8.2 10.7
15.8 15.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Daily Cigarette Use,*
Across 28 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Ever smoked > 1 cigarettes every day for 30 days
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
4.7
13.4
6.07.9
17.0
26.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** W > B, H
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
21.824.9
15.118.4
21.9 21.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* 1991 - 2003
* Smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
27.530.5
34.8 36.4 34.8
21.9128.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* Across
32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
7.39.1
23.2
13.4
32.7
18.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Smoked cigarettes on > 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey
** W > B, H
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Frequent Cigarette Use,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
9.6 11.85.5 5.5
9.7 9.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Frequent Cigarette Use,* 1991 - 2003
* Smoked cigarettes on > 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
12.7 13.8 16.1 16.7 16.8
9.7113.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Frequent Cigarette
Use,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Smoked cigarettes on 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
3.01.7
11.1
4.0
18.4
8.2
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Smoked > 10 cigarettes per day on the days they smoked during the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F; W > B, H
Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked > 10 Cigarettes Per Day,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
3.6 3.4 1.4 1.73.1
2.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked > 10 Cigarettes Per Day,* 1991 - 2003
* Smoked > 10 cigarettes per day on the days they smoked during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
4.9 4.6 5.7 5.0 5.2 3.114.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked > 10 Cigarettes Per Day,*
Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Smoked > 10 cigarettes per day on the days they smoked during the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
0.3 0.2
2.8
0.9
5.8
2.3
0
5
10
15
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** M > F; W > B
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Smokeless Tobacco Use,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
11.07.6
3.0 4.76.7
2.20
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Smokeless Tobacco Use,* 1995 - 2003
* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003
11.4 9.3 7.8 6.718.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Smokeless Tobacco
Use,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
3.11.5
7.2
2.7
15.3
5.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** M > F
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigar Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
19.915.1 15.0 13.7
14.8
9.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigar Use,* 1997 - 2003
* Smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 - 2003
22.017.7
14.8115.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigar Use,* Across
29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
7.3
5.2
13.5
10.6
18.717.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Smoked cigarettes or cigars or used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** M > F; W > B, H
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Tobacco Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
30.3 31.1
19.322.4
27.524.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Tobacco Use,* 1997 - 2003
* Smoked cigarettes or cigars or used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey 1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 - 2003
43.440.2
27.5133.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Tobacco Use,* Across
29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Smoked cigarettes or cigars or used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
10.311.8
27.7
15.8
41.2
22.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Among the 20.8% of students who were aged < 18 years who smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** During the 30 days preceding the survey*** M > F
Percentage of High School Students* Who Purchased Cigarettes at a Store or Gas Station,** by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
24.217.5
21.8 23.818.9
13.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male*** White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students* Who Purchased Cigarettes at a Store or Gas
Station,** Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
5.9
13.216.3
22.724.1
39.9
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
* Among the 20.8% of students who were aged < 18 years who smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** During the 30 days preceding the survey
* Ever had 1 drinks of alcohol on ≥ 1 days ** H > B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Alcohol Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
73.7 75.471.4
79.574.9 76.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Alcohol Use,* 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* Ever had > 1 drinks of alcohol on ≥ 1 days1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
81.6 80.9 80.4 79.1 81.074.9178.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Alcohol Use,* Across
27 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Ever had 1 drinks of alcohol on ≥ 1 days
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
43.3
63.7
75.770.1
81.1 81.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Alcohol Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** W, H > B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
43.847.1
37.4
45.644.9 45.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Alcohol Use,* 1991 - 2003
* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
50.8 48.051.6 50.8 50.0
44.9147.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Alcohol Use,* Across
32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
21.3
28.7
44.337.6
54.2
44.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Episodic Heavy Drinking,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* Drank > 5 drinks of alcohol in a row on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** W, H > B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
29.031.8
15.3
28.928.327.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Episodic Heavy Drinking,* 1991 - 2003
* Drank 5 drinks of alcohol in a row on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
31.3 30.0 32.6 33.4 31.528.3129.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Episodic Heavy Drinking,*
Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Drank 5 drinks of alcohol in a row on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
14.3
27.1
16.7
39.5
24.5
10.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Marijuana Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* Used marijuana ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** M > FNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
42.739.8
43.3 42.740.237.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Marijuana Use,* 1991 - 2003
* Used marijuana ≥ 1 times during their lifetime1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
31.3 32.8
42.447.1 47.2
40.2142.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Marijuana Use,*
Across 29 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Used marijuana ≥ 1 times during their lifetime
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
21.6
29.8
42.5 40.9
49.6 52.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Marijuana Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* Used marijuana 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey** M > FNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
25.121.7 23.9 23.822.4
19.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Marijuana Use,* 1991 - 2003
* Used marijuana 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
14.717.7
25.3 26.2 26.722.4123.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Marijuana Use,*
Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Used marijuana 1 times during 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
11.4
15.3
21.9 22.3
30.628.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cocaine Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* Used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, “crack,” or “freebase”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** W, H > B; H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
9.5 8.73.2
12.58.77.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cocaine Use,* 1991 - 2003
* Used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, “crack,” or “freebase”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime 1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
5.9 4.9 7.0 8.2 9.5 8.719.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cocaine Use,* Across
31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, “crack,” or “freebase”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
5.7
2.3
8.4
6.0
12.711.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
* Used cocaine 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey** W, H > B; H > W
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cocaine Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
4.6 3.8 2.25.74.1
3.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cocaine Use,* 1991 - 2003
* Used cocaine 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
1.7 1.9 3.1 3.3 4.0 4.114.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cocaine Use,* Across
30 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Used cocaine > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
0.8
3.82.8
5.84.9
2.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Inhalant Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** W, H > B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
12.6 12.87.0
12.712.111.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Inhalant Use,* 1995 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003
* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high ≥ 1 times during their lifetime 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
20.316.0 14.6 12.1114.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Inhalant Use,* Across
30 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high ≥ 1 times during their lifetime
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
9.6
5.1
12.4
9.2
15.4
13.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Inhalant Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
4.3 3.6 3.0 4.33.9 3.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Inhalant Use,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003
* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time
4.2 4.7 3.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
1
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Inhalant Use,* Across
30 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
2.41.4
3.8 3.6
5.5 5.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Heroin Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* Used heroin (also called “smack,” “junk,” or “China White”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** M > F; H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
4.3 2.6 2.6 3.93.32.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Heroin Use,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003
* Used heroin (also called “smack,” “junk,” or “China White”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime 1 No change over time
2.4 3.1 3.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
1
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Heroin Use,* Across
29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Used heroin (also called “smack,” “junk,” or “China White”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
1.7 1.4
2.82.3
3.8
5.4
0
5
10
15
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Methamphetamine Use,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Used methamphetamines (also called “speed,” “crystal,” “crank,” or “ice”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
8.3 8.13.1
8.37.66.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Methamphetamine Use,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003
* Used methamphetamines (also called “speed,” “crystal,” “crank,” or “ice”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime 1 No change over time
9.1 9.8 7.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
1
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Methamphetamine
Use,* Across 31 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Used methamphetamines (also called “speed,” “crystal,” “crank,” or “ice”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
4.7
1.7
7.5
4.5
12.5
8.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Steroid Use,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Took steroid pills or shots without a doctor’s prescription ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
6.8 6.2 3.67.26.1
5.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Steroid Use,* 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* Took steroid pills or shots without a doctor’s prescription ≥ 1 times during their lifetime1 Significant linear increase, p < .05
2.7 2.2 3.7 3.1 3.7 6.115.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Steroid Use,*
Across 31 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Took steroid pills or shots without a doctor’s prescription ≥ 1 times during their lifetime
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
3.22.3
4.8
7.1 7.4
3.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Injection-Drug Use,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Reported lifetime illegal injection-drug use and reported lifetime use of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, or steroids
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
3.8 2.5 2.4 3.93.22.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Injection-Drug Use,* 1995 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003
* Reported lifetime illegal injection-drug use and reported lifetime use of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, or steroids1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05
2.1 2.1 1.8 3.212.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Injection-Drug
Use,* Across 30 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Reported lifetime illegal injection-drug use and reported lifetime use of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, or steroids
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
1.30.7
2.31.7
3.33.9
0
5
10
15
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked a Whole Cigarette Before Age 13 Years, by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* * M > F; W, H > B
20.0 18.915.3
18.318.316.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked a Whole Cigarette Before Age 13 Years, 1991 - 2003
1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
23.826.9 24.9 24.8 24.7
18.3122.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked a Whole Cigarette Before Age
13 Years, Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
9.112.4
19.2
15.0
29.4
18.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
* Other than a few sips** M > F; B, H > W
Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol Before Age 13 Years,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
32.025.7
31.2 30.227.823.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol Before Age 13 Years,* 1991 - 2003
* Other than a few sips1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
32.7 32.9 32.4 31.1 32.227.8129.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol Before Age 13 Years,*
Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Other than a few sips
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
17.4
24.426.4
28.9
34.732.9
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Tried Marijuana Before Age 13 Years, by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* M > F; B > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
12.68.7
12.1 10.76.9
9.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male* White Black* Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Tried Marijuana Before Age 13 Years, 1991 - 2003
1 Significant linear increase, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
7.4 6.9 7.6 9.7 11.3 9.9110.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Tried Marijuana Before Age 13 Years,
Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
5.8 6.8
10.4 11.013.4 14.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked Cigarettes on School Property,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Smoked cigarettes on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** W > B, H
8.2 8.95.9 6.0
8.0 7.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked Cigarettes on School Property,* 1993 - 2003
* Smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
13.2 16.0 14.6 14.08.019.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked Cigarettes on School Property,*
Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Smoked cigarettes on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
2.7 2.5
7.7
5.1
14.3
8.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F
Percentage of High School Students Who Used Smokeless Tobacco on School Property,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
8.5 6.72.5 3.6
5.93.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Used Smokeless Tobacco on School Property,* 1995 - 2003
* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 No change over timeNational Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003
6.3 5.1 4.2 5.915.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used Smokeless Tobacco on School
Property,* Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
1.5
0.4
4.1
1.6
9.3
3.5
0
5
10
15
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F; B, H > W
Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol on School Property,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
6.0 3.9 5.8 7.65.24.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol on School Property,* 1993 - 2003
* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
5.2 6.3 5.6 4.9 5.214.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol on School Property,*
Across 31 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
2.6 3.14.6
5.77.4
8.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Used Marijuana on School Property,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Used marijuana > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey ** M > F; H > WNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
7.64.5 6.6 8.25.8
3.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Used Marijuana on School Property,* 1993 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
* Used marijuana > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey 1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05
5.68.8 7.0 7.2 5.815.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used Marijuana on School Property,*
Across 31 States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
* Used marijuana > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey
2.63.3
4.5
6.7
8.0 8.2
0
5
10
15
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Offered, Sold, or Given an Illegal Drug on School Property,* by
Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; H > W, B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
31.927.5
23.1
36.528.7
25.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Offered, Sold, or Given an Illegal Drug on School Property,*
1993 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05
24.0
32.1 31.7 30.2 28.7128.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Offered, Sold, or Given an Illegal Drug on School Property,* Across 32 States and 18
Cities, 2003
* During the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
18.1 18.3
26.731.2
34.541.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Ever Had Sexual Intercourse, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* B, H > W; B > H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
48.041.8
67.3
51.445.3
46.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black* Hispanic*
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Ever Had Sexual Intercourse, 1991 - 2003
1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
54.1 53.0 53.148.4 49.9
46.7145.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Ever Had Sexual Intercourse, Across 29
States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
36.4 38.844.3
53.7
63.961.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Had First Sexual Intercourse Before Age 13 Years, by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* M > F; B, H > W; B > H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
10.44.2
19.0
8.37.44.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male* White Black* Hispanic*
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Had First Sexual Intercourse Before Age 13 Years, 1991 - 2003
1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
10.2 9.2 8.9 7.2 8.3 7.416.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had First Sexual Intercourse Before Age
13 Years, Across 29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
2.8
5.95.8
11.111.4
18.2
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Had 4 Sex Partners During Their Lifetime, by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* M > F; B, H > W; B > H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
17.510.8
28.8
15.714.411.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male* White Black* Hispanic*
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Had 4 Sex Partners During Their Lifetime, 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
18.7 18.7 17.8 16.0 16.2 14.4114.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had 4 Sex Partners During Their
Lifetime, Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
8.9 9.5
13.8
20.223.6
28.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Currently Sexually Active,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey** B, H > W; B > HNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
33.830.8
49.0
37.134.3 34.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Currently Sexually Active,* 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* Sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey1 No change over time
37.5 37.5 37.934.8 36.3 34.31
33.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Currently Sexually Active,* Across
29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
26.525.0
31.6
39.0
46.3 47.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Used a Condom During Last Sexual Intercourse,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Among currently sexually active students** M > F; B > H, W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
68.862.5
72.8
57.4
63.0
57.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Used a Condom During Last Sexual Intercourse,* 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* Among currently sexually active students1 Significant linear increase, p < .05
46.252.8 54.4 56.8 58.0
63.01
57.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used a Condom During Last Sexual Intercourse,* Across 29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Among currently sexually active students
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
55.4 52.7
70.270.4
77.5
62.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Used Birth Control Pills Before Last Sexual Intercourse,* by Gender
and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Among currently sexually active students** F > M; W > B, HNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
13.1
22.3
7.911.2
17.0 20.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Used Birth Control Pills Before Last Sexual Intercourse,* 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* Among currently sexually active students1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05
20.8 18.4 17.4 16.6 16.2 17.0118.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used Birth Control Pills Before Last Sexual
Intercourse,* Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Among currently sexually active students
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
11.9
5.5
21.6
8.6
36.7
16.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Used Alcohol or Drugs Before Last Sexual Intercourse,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Among currently sexually active students** M > F; W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
29.826.8
19.524.1
25.421.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Used Alcohol or Drugs Before Last Sexual Intercourse,* 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* Among currently sexually active students1 Significant linear increase, p < .05
21.6 21.324.8 24.7 24.8 25.4125.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used Alcohol or Drugs Before Last
Sexual Intercourse,* Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Among currently sexually active students
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
18.1
13.2
24.4
18.4
33.7
25.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Had Been Pregnant or Had Gotten Someone Pregnant, by Gender
and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* F > M; B > W, H; H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
3.5 2.39.1 6.44.2 4.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female* Male White Black* Hispanic*
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Had Been Pregnant or Had Gotten Someone Pregnant, 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
6.0 6.6 6.9 6.5 6.3 4.214.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had Been Pregnant or Had Gotten Someone
Pregnant, Across 26 States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
2.3 2.44.1
7.77.7
10.3
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Taught in School about AIDS/HIV, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* W > B, H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
87.290.3
85.1 83.487.9 88.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White* Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Taught in School about AIDS/HIV, 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05
83.3 86.1 86.391.5 90.6 87.9189.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
77.9 78.8
88.4
84.6
93.6 92.7
50
60
70
80
90
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Taught in School about AIDS/HIV,
Across 30 States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
0
Percentage of High School Students Who Were at Risk For Becoming Overweight,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Students who were > 85th percentile but < 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data** B, H > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
15.5 14.118.3 17.315.4 15.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were At Risk For Becoming Overweight*, 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 - 2003
14.3 13.6 15.41
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
* Students who were > 85th percentile but < 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data1 No change over time
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were at Risk For Becoming
Overweight,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Students who were > 85th percentile but < 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
11.0
14.214.5
17.416.7
20.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Overweight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Students who were > 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data** M > F; B > W
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
17.412.2
17.6 16.813.59.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Overweight*, 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 - 2003
10.8 10.513.51
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
* Students who were > 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data1 No change over time
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Overweight,* Across 31 States and
18 Cities, 2003
* Students who were > 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
7.0
9.3
11.1
13.8
15.7
19.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Described Themselves as Overweight, by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* F > M; W, H > B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
23.5
30.8
22.3
31.629.636.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female* Male White* Black Hispanic*
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Described Themselves as Overweight, 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
31.8 34.327.6 27.3 30.0 29.6129.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Described Themselves as Overweight,
Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
26.5 27.4
34.9 36.1
21.0
31.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Trying To Lose Weight, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* F > M; W, H > B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
29.1
44.8
34.7
49.443.8
59.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female* Male White* Black Hispanic*
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Trying To Lose Weight, 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
1 Significant linear increase, p < .05
41.8 40.3 41.4 39.742.7 43.8146.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
41.6
30.5
44.743.0
51.053.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Trying To Lose Weight, Across
32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Fruits and Vegetables ≥ 5 times Per Day,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Had consumed 100% fruit juice, fruit, green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables ≥ 5 times per day during the 7 days preceding the survey ** M > F; H > WNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
23.620.5 23.2 24.422.0
20.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Fruits and Vegetables ≥ 5 times Per Day,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003
23.9 21.4 22.01
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
* Had consumed 100% fruit juice, fruit, green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables ≥ 5 times per day during the 7 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Fruits and Vegetables ≥ 5 times Per
Day,* Across 27 States and 16 Cities, 2003
* Had consumed 100% fruit juice, fruit, green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables ≥ 5 times per day during the 7 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
13.2 14.5
18.4 18.8
28.4 29.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Had Drunk > 3 Glasses Per Day of Milk,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* Had drunk > 3 glasses of milk per day during the 7 days preceding the survey ** M > F; W > B, HNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
22.7 20.0
11.6 13.117.1
11.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Had Drunk > 3 Glasses Per Day of Milk,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003
18.0 16.4 17.11
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Per
cen
t
* Had drunk > 3 glasses of milk per day during the 7 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had Drunk > 3 Glasses Per Day Of Milk,*
Across 31 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Had drunk > 3 glasses of milk per day during the 7 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
8.45.7
16.7
10.5
28.2
11.9
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* by Gender
and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M; W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
49.0
58.5
47.5
58.957.165.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* 1995 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05
51.0 51.558.4 57.1159.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
53.2
38.7
59.556.5
63.8 64.1
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised to Lose Weight or to Keep
From Gaining Weight,* Across 29 States and 16 Cities, 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
0
Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Less Food, Fewer Calories, or Foods Low in Fat to Lose Weight or to
Keep From Gaining Weight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M; W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
28.9
44.6
30.5
44.242.2
56.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Less Food, Fewer Calories, or Foods Low in Fat to Lose Weight or to
Keep From Gaining Weight,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003
40.443.8 42.21
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
* During the 30 days preceding the survey1 No change over time
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Less Food, Fewer Calories, or
Foods Low in Fat to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* Across 28 States and 16 Cities, 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
37.6
27.3
41.1
37.2
46.9
41.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Went Without Eating for > 24 Hours to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
8.512.5 12.5 13.713.3 18.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Went Without Eating for > 24 Hours to Lose Weight or to Keep From
Gaining Weight,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003
12.6 13.5 13.31
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
* During the 30 days preceding the survey1 No change over time
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Went Without Eating for > 24 Hours to
Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* Across30 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
9.1 9.8
12.3 11.9
17.3
14.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Took Diet Pills, Powders, or Liquids to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Without a doctor’s advice during the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M; W, H > B National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
7.1 9.85.0
10.59.2 11.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Took Diet Pills, Powders, or Liquids to Lose Weight or to Keep From
Gaining Weight,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003
7.6 9.2 9.21
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
* Without a doctor’s advice during the 30 days preceding the survey1 No change over time
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Took Diet Pills, Powders, or Liquids to
Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* Across31 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Without a doctor’s advice during the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
5.34.5
7.76.8
11.8
9.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Vomited or Took Laxatives to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining
Weight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
3.7 5.5 5.3 7.46.0 8.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Vomited or Took Laxatives to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining
Weight,* 1995 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey1 No change over time
4.8 4.5 4.8 6.015.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Vomited or Took Laxatives to Lose
Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* Across 31 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* During the 30 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
3.1
5.3 5.1
7.5 7.5
4.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorous Physical Activity,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Exercised or participated in physical activities that made students sweat and breathe hard for > 20 minutes on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey** M > F; W > B, H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
70.065.2
54.859.3
62.6
55.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorous Physical Activity,* 1993 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 - 2003
* Exercised or participated in physical activities that made students sweat and breathe hard for > 20 minutes on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey1 No change over time
65.8 63.7 63.8 64.7 62.6164.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorous
Physical Activity,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Exercised or participated in physical activities that made students sweat and breathe hard for > 20 minutes on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
53.3
40.1
62.8
54.0
71.165.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Moderate Physical Activity,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Physical activities that did not make students sweat and breathe hard for > 30 minutes on > 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey** M > F; W > B, H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
27.2 26.221.7 22.0
24.722.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Moderate Physical Activity,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003
* Physical activities that did not make students sweat and breathe hard for > 30 minutes on > 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time
26.7 25.5 24.71
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Moderate
Physical Activity,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
* Physical activities that did not make students sweat and breathe hard for > 30 minutes on > 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
18.014.9
25.6
21.0
29.527.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in an Insufficient Amount of Physical Activity,* by Gender
and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Had not participated in sufficient vigorous physical activity and had not participated in sufficient moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey** F > M; B, H > W; B > H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
26.931.0
41.236.533.4
40.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female** Male White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in an Insufficient Amount of Physical Activity,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003
* Had not participated in sufficient vigorous physical activity and had not participated in sufficient moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey1 No change over time
30.5 31.2 33.41
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in an Insufficient Amount of Physical Activity,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
* Had not participated in sufficient vigorous physical activity and had not participated in sufficient moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey
24.830.332.0
41.541.9
55.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Had Not Participated in Vigorous or Moderate Physical Activity,*
by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Had not participated in either vigorous physical activity or moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey** B > W, HNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
10.0 10.216.3
13.011.5 13.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Had Not Participated in Vigorous or Moderate Physical Activity,*
1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003
* Had not participated in either vigorous physical activity or moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey1 No change over time
9.4 9.5 11.51
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Per
cen
t
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had Not Participated in Vigorous or
Moderate Physical Activity,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
* Had not participated in either vigorous physical activity or moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey
5.3
9.49.1
14.015.3
26.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Enrolled in Physical Education Class*, by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
58.553.7 56.0 58.855.7
52.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
* On ≥ 1 days in an average week when they were in school
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Enrolled in Physical Education Class*, 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* On ≥ 1 days in an average week when they were in school1 No change over time
48.952.1
59.6
48.8
56.1 55.71
51.7
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Enrolled in Physical Education
Class*, Across 29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
27.332.6
44.948.1
93.788.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
* On ≥ 1 days in an average week when they were in school
Percentage of High School Students Who Attended Physical Education Class Daily*, by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
30.524.9
33.036.7
28.426.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
* 5 days in an average week when they were in school
** H > W
Percentage of High School Students Who Attended Physical Education Class Daily*, 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* 5 days in an average week when they were in school1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
41.6
34.3
25.4 27.4 29.1 28.4132.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Attended Physical Education Class
Daily*, Across 29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
8.2 9.2
27.524.5
37.2
51.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
* 5 days in an average week when they were in school
Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised or Played Sports > 20 Minutes During an Average Physical Education Class *, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
84.581.5
74.078.2
80.3
75.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
* Among the 55.7% of students enrolled in PE class
** M > F; W > B
Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised or Played Sports > 20 Minutes During an Average Physical
Education Class *, 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* Among the 55.7% of students enrolled in PE class1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05
78.4
80.7
70.3
75.2
76.3
83.4
80.3
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
1
60
70
80
90
100
0
Pe
rcen
t
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised or Played Sports > 20 Minutes During an Average Physical Education Class *, Across
29 States and 17 Cities, 2003
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
* Among the 55.7% of students enrolled in PE class
76.2
55.7
84.5
72.4
91.1
82.0
States Cities
50
70
80
90
100
0
Pe
rcen
t
60
Percentage of High School Students Who Played on > 1 Sports Teams,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* Run by their school or community groups during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; W > B, H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
64.060.8
53.249.551.0
57.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Played on > 1 Sports Teams,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 - 2003
55.1 55.2 57.61
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
* Run by their school or community groups during the 12 months preceding the survey 1 No change over time
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Played on > 1 Sports Teams,* Across
28 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* Run by their school or community groups during the 12 months preceding the survey
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
50.756.3
47.9
64.9
55.8
44.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Did Strengthening Exercises,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,
2003
* For example, push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey to strengthen or tone their muscles** M > F; W, H > B
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
60.153.6
45.451.5
43.4
51.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Did Strengthening Exercises,* 1991 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
* For example, push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey to strengthen or tone
their muscles 1 Significant linear increase, p < .05
47.851.9 50.3 51.4 53.6 51.9153.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Did Strengthening Exercises,* Across 27
States and 17 Cities, 2003
* For example, push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey to strengthen or tone their muscles
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
42.637.2
44.9
58.4 56.851.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt
Percentage of High School Students Who Watched > 3 Hours Per Day of Television,* by Gender and
Race/Ethnicity, 2003
* On an average school day** B, H > W; B > H
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003
39.3
29.3
67.2
45.9
37.038.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic**
Per
cen
t
Percentage of High School Students Who Watched > 3 Hours Per Day of Television,* 1999 - 2003
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 - 2003
* On an average school day1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05
42.838.3 38.21
0
20
40
60
80
100
1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Watched > 3 Hours Per Day of
Television,* Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003
* On an average school day
State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003
21.3
41.8
32.2
53.754.1
65.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
States Cities
Pe
rce
nt