Theory-ICT Revision Questions

8/18/2019 Theory-ICT Revision Questions

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Theory – last hour revision


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Q1:- Give advantages & disadvantages of using computerrather than (nurses, students, etc).

Q2:- Give advantages & disadvantages of having laptop

computer rather than a desktop computer.

Q3:- Give advantages & disadvantages of using robotrather than humans.

Q4:- Give advantages & disadvantages of using DTPrather than website.

Q5:- Give advantages & disadvantages of using G!.

Q6:- Give advantages & disadvantages of using "#!.

Q7:- Give the di$erences between %' and %'.

Q8:- Give advantages & disadvantages of usingngerprint.

Q9:- Give the usage, advantages & disadvantages of thefollowing*+

a)'agnetic tripe %eader. b) "hip & Pinreaders.

c) #ight pen.

d)'%. e) "%. f)'!"%.

Q10:- Describe how a microprocessor+controlled such a

s-stem.

Q11:- ame three sensors and its uses in the following*+

i. /ashing machine.ii. Greenhouse.iii. Growing condition.


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iv. /hether station.v. uch a s-stem.

Q12:- /hat is meant b- 01TP and how such a s-stem

work2Q13:- /h- computer can3t read data directl- from sensor,and what device is needed to allow computer to readthese data2

Q14:- Describe the facts of the microprocessor+controlledon lifest-le2

Q15:- Describe the inputs, outputs, hardware andprocessing involved in such a burglar alarm s-stem2

Q16:- /hat is meant b- video+conferencing, and giveadvantages & disadvantages of using it, and hardwareneeded for using it2

Q17:- Di$erences between hard disc and the following*+

a)1lopp- disc

b)"D %'

Q18:- 04plain wh- the P"s is used with the following*+

a)Pen drivesb)5lu+ra-c) 1i4ed hard disc drived)'agnetic tapee)"D %

f) D6D %'

Q19:- Give the denition, and di$erences of thefollowing*+

a)/


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b)/#c) #

Q20:- Give the advantages & disadvantages of /#.

Q21:- Give the advantages & disadvantages of usinginternet.

Q22:- Give the di$erences between !ntranet & !nternet.

Q23:- 04plain wh- connecting computers to network ma-need*+

• 'odem

• browser.• n !P.

• 5ridge.

• witch.

• 7ub.

Q24:- /hat should managers do to make their datasecure2

Q25:- Describe the role of a pro4- server2Q26:- Describe the role of router2

Q27:- /hat are the features of the following*+

i. Database.ii. preadsheet.

Q28:- Give the advantages of creating database ratherthan manual s-stem.

Q29:- Give the avigation aids that would be part of well+designed on screen+input form.

Q30:- /hat is meant b- simulation2


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Q31:- Give the advantages of sending message b- e+mailrather than b- post8hand.

Q32:- Give the advantages & disadvantages of using

online shopping.

Q33:- Give the advantages & disadvantages of usingmobile phone in accessing internet rather than P"

Q34:- /hat is meant b- virus, and how the- can beprevented2

Q35:- /hat are the purposes of Decr-ption & 0ncr-ption2

Q36:- /hat is meant software cop-right, and how toprevent it from being broken, and how to break it2

Q37:- /hat is meant b- 5log & /iki2

Q38:- Give the t-pes of securit- needed to preventhacking.

Q39:- tate health & safet- problems, and the wa- to

prevent them.

Q40:- tate the wa-s in which computers containingpersonal data can be misused, and how to prevent them.

Q41:- Give the steps order of "hip and P! s-stem.

Q42:- Give reasons wh- some situations should bemodeled.

Q43:- Give e4amples of computer situations.

Q44:- /hat is meant b- e4pert s-stem and what the-might be used2


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Q45:- Describe how an e4pert s-stem can be created &evaluated2

Q46:- Describe the batch processing of bank che9ues2

Q47:- Describe how an e4pert s-stem diagnoses thefaults2

Q48:- Give the components of a t-pical e4pert s-stem2

Q49:- Give the methods of collecting information about a system.

Q50:- Explain the implementation types, and give advantages &disadvantages of each one of them?

Q51:- State what is meant by data validation & verification, and whatis difference between them?

Q52:- State the types of evaluation, and its strategies with its reason.

Q53:- State the items of each document.

Q54:- What is meant by!

a" #ormal range b" $bnormal range

c" Extreme range

Q55:- /hat is meant b- backup, and wh- it is necessar-,

and wh- backing storage is needed, while computer

s-stems have %'2


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Ans1:- Advantages:-

+ "omputer doesn3t take breaks.+ "omputers can work in an- condition (even if

dangerous).+ "omputers can take more than one result in a

moment.+ "omputer takes data more accuratel-.+ "omputers don3t need to be paid.

Disadvantages:-

+ etting up is ver- e4pensive.+ Data can be lost (if not saved well).+ 'aintenance cost can be e4pensive.+ 7ackers ma- displa-8amend8delete the data.+ nemplo-ment.

Ans2:- Advantages:-


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+ #aptop can be easil- transported.

+ #aptop needs less space.

+ #aptop can access it an-where.

Disadvantages:-

+ #aptop can be easil- stolen.

+ #aptop can be easil- damage.

+ #aptop needs charge from time to time.

+ #aptop screen is not clear as the screen of desktop.

Ans3:- Advantages:-

+ %obots can work :; hours a da- ever- da-.

+ %obots don3t need to be paid a wage.

+ %obots can work in an- condition (even if it dangerous).

+ %obots perform tasks more 9uickl-.

Disadvantages:-

+ nemplo-ment.

+ etting up is ver- e4pensive.

+ /orkers become deskilled.+ 'aintenance cost can be e4pensive.

Ans4:- Advantages:-

- n- member of local famil- can see it without worr-ing.


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+ o need of internet to access it.

+ "an read it an-where.

Disadvantages:-

+ o sound in it.

+ o animations in it.

+ ot as eas- to update.

Ans5:- Advantages:-

+ "an use mouse (no need of t-ping in commands).

+ 0asier to change8edit.

+ 0asier to open programs.

Disadvantages:- -5loated software can waste memor-.

+ cripting a G! interaction is not easil-.

+ %e9uires a higher threshold for the interface.

Ans6:- Advantages:-

+ %e9uires a lower threshold for the interface.

+ cripting it is easil-.

+ o bloated software needed.

Disadvantages:-


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+ T-ping in commands is di


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+ 0as- to use.

Disadvantages:- + 6er- limited storage capacit-.

+ $ected b- magnet.+ ot ver- secure.

+ Disable people nd it hard


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Chip & Pin readers:- Pa-ment, identication cards.

Advantages:- 04tra la-er of securit-.

+ llow immediate updating.+ ot a$ected b- magnet.

+ Disable people nd it eas-.

Disadvantages:-+ 04pensive to produce.

+ "ard holder needs to ver- careful to protect their P!.

+ !f the customer forgets the P!, transactions will be

cancelled.

Light pen:- llow the user to point to displa-ed

ob=ects, or to draw on screen.

Advantages:- - 'ake -ou able to interact with screen.

+ 5etter suited to artistic.

+ #ight pen s-stems is ver- e


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Paper 1 - Theory ICT Last Hour Revision

O R:- To input data from pencil8pen.

Advantages:- >uick entr- method.

+ 0as- for user to ll in the form.

+ 'ore accurate.

Disadvantages*+ !f marks didn3t ll completel-, it ma-not be read correctl-.

+ nl- suitable for recording one out of selection of

answers.

OCR:-

"onvert scanned image to understandable te4t.

Advantages:- 1aster method of entr-.

+ Disable people nd it eas-.

Disadvantages:- lot of errors are produced.

+ "annot read hand writing

+ %e9uires ver- high 9ualit- scanned image.

ICR:-ses magnetic ink to print routing and account

numbers.

Advantages:- 0ase of readabilit-.

+ 7igh securit-.

+ 1ast wa- to read bank data.

Disadvantages:- 04pensive.

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+ There is a limit to the character set that can be used.

Ans10:-+ 'icroprocessor stores re9uired

temperature8water level as preset value.

+ Data is converted from analogue to digital8D" is used.

+ "ompares temperature8water level with pre+set value.

+ !f temperature is lower than preset value microprocessor

sends a signal to turn heater on.

+ !f higher than preset value microprocessor sends a

signal to turn heater o$.

+ !f values are e9ual microprocessor does nothing.

Ans11:-

Sensors Washi

ng

machi

ne.

Greenh

ouse

Growin

g

conditi

on

Whet

her

statio

n.Temperat

ure

? ? ? ?

pH ? ? ? @Pressure ? @ @ ?Light @ ? ? ?

Ans12:- + + 0lectronic 1unds Transfer at Point of ale.

+ 0nables pa-ment for goods at a checkout using credit.

+ Goods are purchased and bill is calculated.

+ "ustomer inserts card into chip reader.

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+ P! is entered.

+ P! is compared with that stored on the chip.

Ans13:- ensors produce analogue signals, while

computer read onl- digital signals, so analogue to digital

converter is needed.

Ans14:- - People become laAier.

+ "an go out more. 8 + 'ore free time.

Ans15:- Inputs:- ound, Temperature and light sensors.Outputs:- larm light Bashes. 8 larm sounds

Processing:- 'icroprocessor continuall- monitorssensors.

!f light sensor detects light beam interrupted.

!t temperature sensed b- processor is greater than preset

value.

!f sound sensed b- processor is greater than preset value.'icroprocessor sends signal to output device.

Ans16:- 6ideo conference is a live connection between

people in separate locations, in purpose of

communications.

Hardware:- /ebcam C 'icrophone C peakers.

Advantages:- + o need of pa-ing for conferenceroom.

+ o need of pa-ing for emplo-ee travelling e4penses.

+ "onference can be called at short notice.

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Disadvantages:- - #ack of personal touch.+ 6isual and sound ma- be not clear.

+ Di


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!i"ed hard dis#:- + tores 8 + tores software.

Magnetic ta$e:- + 'ake backups. 8 + 5atch Processing.

%D RW:- + %ewritable disc. 8 + %ecording televisionprograms.

D&D'%D ROM:- Displa- movies

Ans19:-

WAN:-!s a computer network that covers a broad area.

LAN:- !s a computer network that covers a small area.

"ifferences

WAN LAN WLANWide Area (etwork. )ocal Area

(etwork.

Wireless )ocal

Area (etwork.#ow transfer rate. 7igh transfer rate. se wireless to

transfer data."an3t connect /

to /.

"an connect # to

#.

Greater securit-. #ess securit-.

Ans20:- Advantages:-

- 0asier to add8move workstations.

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+ 0asier to provide connectivit- in di


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!s /. !s #."an access it an-where. Password controlled pages.!s global. !s within one organisation.

Ans23:-

A Modem:- To convert analogue signals to digitalsignals.

A browser:- To access the (world wide) web.

An ISP:- To access the internet.

A ridge:- "onnects networks.

A Switc!:- Directs data packets to specic computers.

A Hub:- 5roadcasts data packets to computers in a #.

Ans24:-

"irewa##:- Prevents unauthorised computers havingaccess to the network.

Antivirus:-%emoves viruses from storage media.

$ncr%ption:- Data becomes unreadable tounauthorised users.

Ans25:-

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+ ct as a web server.

+ ct as bu$er.

+ "an store the web pages.

+ "an block certain sites.

Ans26:-

+ "onnect # to /.

+ "onnect # to internet.

+ %educe collisions.

+ Passes data to switch.Ans27:- Database:-

+ 0asier to edit data.+ #ess storage capacit- is used.+ >uicker to enter new data.

Spreads!eet:-

+ Performs what ifs.+ %eplicate formulas.+ "an make graphs or charts.

Ans28:- + >uicker to enter8update8edit data.

+ 1ew errors are likel-

+ #ess duplication of data

Ans29:- + 5ackward

+ 1orward

+ ew record button

+ 04it button

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Ans30:- imulation modeling is the process of creating

and anal-Aing a digital protot-pe of a ph-sical model to

predict its performance in the real world

Ans31:- + 'essage can be send an-time.+ 'essage will be delivered faster.

+ ou don3t have to leave -our house to send email.

+ 'essage can be read from an- location.

+ ou can send attachments.


+ Don3t have to leave the house.

+ aves travelling time.

+ aves travelling e4penses.

+ "an shop when shops are closed.

Disadvantages:-+ eed a credit card.

+ eed internet and computer.

+ #ess of personal touch.

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+ "an3t see the goods in realit-.


+ 'obile is more portable than laptop.

+ "an access internet from greater number of places.

+ 0asier to use while on the move.

Disadvantages:-

+ Displa- screen is smaller.

+ Ee-board is smaller.

+ ome sites do not have full facilities for mobile phone.

Ans34:-

+ program that has been created with the purpose of

damaging a computer s-stem.

+ Prevent entering suspicious websites.

+ !nstall good anti+virus software.

+ top downloading software.

+ !nstall anti+malware software.

Ans35:-

$ncr%ption:- Prevents hackers from understandingdata.

+ crambling the data.

+ !t doesn3t destro- viruses.

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Decr%ption:- The purposes of decoding data.

+ %e9uires a secret ke- or password.

Ans36:-Preventation:-

+ hould not be copied.

+ hould not be used on network.

+ hould not be renting without owner3s permission.

ro&en b%:-

+ Giving software copies to others without the owner3spermission.

+ 'aking a cop- of a disk without the owner3s permission.

+ elling copies of the software without the owner3s

permission.

Ans37:-

#og:- Personal 1orum.

+ suall- one author.

+ "an be an electronic diar-.

+ thers can comment.

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+ nl- author can edit entries.

Wi&i:-General forum.

+ suall- 'an- authors.+ suall- ob=ective.

+ !nternal and e4ternal links.

+ "ontributors can edit entries.

Ans38:-

Pro'% server:- 5lock suspicious websites.

"irewa##:- Provide a shield between a computer and theinternet.

Data $ncr%ption:- Prevent hackers from

understanding data.Parenta# guidance settings:- "an block

undesirable topics.

Ans39:-

Sa(et% Precautio

n

Hea#t!

%

Precaution

0lectrocution. "able

insulation.

7eadac

hes.

Take regular

breaks. Trailing

cables.

"reate

ducts.

%!. 1inger

e4ercises.1ire. 04tinguisher. 0-estrai Get anti+glare

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n. screen.09uipment

falling.

#arge tables. 5ackach

es.

traight back

chair.

Ans40:-

+ 7ackers ma- read the data and pass it on.

+ 7ackers ma- delete the data.

+ 7ackers ma- amend the data.

Preventation:-

+ Data should be encr-pted.

+ se username and password.

+ Do not connect the computers to a network.

+ Ph-sical securit- (locks on computer room doors).

Ans41:-

+ -stem used to read bank8credit cards.

+ t T' or 01TP s-stems.

+ P! is t-ped in using P! PD.

+ Details on chip are read b- chip reader.

+ !f P! correct the customer will be able to enter the

account.

+ !f not correct, the s-stem will ask the customer to re+

enter the P!.

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Ans42:-

+ ome situations is too dangerous to build.

+ ome situations is too e4pensive to build.

+ ome situations is time consuming to build.

+ ome situations its time scales are too vast.

Ans43:-

FD modelling. 8 1light simulation. 8 Driving simulation.

Ans44:-

+ 04pert s-stems are special databases which are

designed to cop- the e4pertise and knowledge of a

human e4pert in man- sub=ects.

- +sed in:- "ar fault diagnosis. 8 Ta4. 8 "hess games.

Ans45:-

+ !nterview the e4perts, and collect knowledge.

+ Enowledge base is created, organiAed and stored.

+ !nference engine is created, organiAed and stored.

+ %ule base is created, to allow users to communicate

with the e4pert s-stem.

+ Testing b- 9uestions in form of (check bo4es).

Ans46:-

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+ "he9ues are collected together, during the course of the

da-.

+ "he9ues are then processed all at once.

+ "he9ues are processed overnight.

+ 5ank accounts updated following morning.

Ans47:-

+ Data is read b- sensors.

+ ses interactive interface.

+ 04pert s-stem compares s-mptoms, with those in theknowledge base, using rules base, then matches are

found.

Ans48:-

+ -mptoms are entered using the user interface

+ ser interface displa-s 9uestions.+ 04pert s-stem compares s-mptoms, with those in the

knowledge base, using rules base, and then matches

are found.

Ans49:- !nterviews C >uestionnaires C bservations C04amining documents.

Ans50:-

Direct imp#ementation:- 'eans that the old s-stem

is stopped, and the new s-stem is started.

Advantages:- ave time. 8 ave costs.

Disadvantages:- ta$ ma- nd it di


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+ !f the s-stem is down there is no other s-stem to act as

backup

P!ased imp#ementation:- 'eans that the new

s-stem is introduced step b- step (in phases)

Advantages:- !f the s-stem is down there other will actas a backup

+ 0as- to train sta$.

Disadvantages:- problem is that it might take toomuch time to introduce the new s-stem.

+ 04penses of running : s-stems.

Pi#ot imp#ementation:- 'eans that the new s-stemreplaces the old s-stem in one operation, but onl- on a

small scale.

Advantages:- aves cost. 8 0as- to train sta$.

Disadvantages:- !t will take too much time to get apilot to completel- replace of the old s-stem.

Para##e# imp#ementation:- 'eans that the news-stem is started, but the old s-stem is kept in running

(in parallel)

Advantages:- 0as- to train sta$.

+ !f the s-stem is down there other will act as a backup.

Disadvantages:- 04penses of running : s-stems.

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+ problem is that all tasks should be done twice.

Ans51:-

Data )a#idation:- !t checks if the data from thecorrect t-pe or not.

*ange+ presence+ digit+ data t%pe+ #engt!+ and

(ormat checks,

Data verication:- !t makes sure that data isaccurate.

+ Proof reading, double+entr-.

"ifferences

Data Validation Data Verification"hecking if the data is

reasonable or acceptable.

"hecking if data has been

accuratel- copied or not.!t will pick up errors if

verication does not

!t will pick up errors if

validation does not

!t alwa-s carried out b-computer

!t alwa-s carried out b- user

Ans52:-

+ 0ase of use

+ The appropriateness of the solution.

Strateg !eason

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"omparing the solution with

the original task

re9uirements.

To ensure that re9uirements

have been met.

"ollect data from the users

of the new s-stem.

To see how well the new

s-stem works.nal-se the user3s

responses to the testing

results

o that users needs are

takes into account

Ans53:- .ser Documentation

+ 7ow to load8run software.

+ 7ow to save a le.

+ 7ow to Print.

+ 7ow to add8edit8delete records.

/ec!nica# documentation

+ Program listening.

+ 1ile structure.

+ Print formats

+ Purpose of the s-stem.

+ creen la-outs.

Ans54:-

Norma# range:- Data within the given range.

Abnorma# range:- Data outside the given range,

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$'treme range:- Data on the boundaries of therange.

Ans55:- 5ackup is the activit- of cop-ing les or

databases, in case the le is accidentall- deleted,

corrupted, changed, deleted, hacked, or got a virus. !t is

necessar- even if %' is present because, if power is lost

%' will lost, while backing up the les will not be lost

even if power is lost.

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Theory-ICT Revision Questions