Third MSL Workshop Notes FINAL

8/13/2019 Third MSL Workshop Notes FINAL

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Notes from the Third Mars Science Laboratory Landing Site Workshop

September 15-17, 2008Doubletree Hotel, Monrovia, CA

Compiled by:Saron !il"on #urdy, Smit"onian $n"titution,purdy"%"i&edu

and 'enni(er )ri((e", Cal *e+, ri((e"%p"&+alte+&edu

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Monday September !"th#############################################################################################################$

We%come&'ntrod(ctory )resentations################################################################################## ###$

*ohn +rant############################################################################################################################$

Sandra Wiseman and ,ay Ar-idson#################################################################################!.

1
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Monday September !"th

We%come&'ntrod(ctory )resentations

'on )rant

Overview of Process and Goals

MS "ite "ele+tion mile"tone"

!e are ere to di"+u"".evaluate te "+ien+e, enineerin +on"traint" /ill not

(a+tored into di"+u""ion (or "ite "ele+tion

a+ "ite /ill be evaluated on te (ollo/in +riteria: diver"ity, +ontet,

abitability and pre"ervation

Mike Meyer

*an" (or parti+ipatin in te /or"op and tan" to te orbiter team" (or

main data +olle+tion (or propo"ed "ite" a priority

3o+u" on rover4" ability to determine.a""e" te abitability *i" /or"op i" not a +ompetition /e /ant to (o+u" on be"t "ite to a++ompli"

te oal" o( te MS mi""ion

Mike Watkins 6MSMi""ion Manaer

Site Selection Process and Schedule

vervie/ o( pro9e+t "tatu" - imae" o( rover a""embly, eat "ield, payload 6mo"t

/ill be delivered to '# in te net (e/ mont", round "y"tem and trainin

H3 lin analy"i" improved into a "inle taret "pe+ +overin ;05? "u++e"" rate ba"ed on +urrent data

Matthe/ +o%ombek

Surface Characteristics Supporting Safety Evaluations

All o( te landin "ite" are viable at ti" "tae ba"ed on landin "ite +riteria

6in+ludin atmo"peri+ propertie", radar re(le+tivity, roune"", toporapy and

"lope", termal inertia, ro+ abundan+e, et+&

@Sa(e aven" (or ea+ "ite ave been eliminated

2


3/66

0abitabi%ity and )reser-ation on Earth and Mars )resentations

Moderated by 'on )rotBiner

A""umin li(e o++urred on Mar", /i+ o( te"e abitable environment" ave te

be"t +an+e o( pre"ervation !e /ant to "ta+ te de+ in our (avor and pi+ te

be"t "et o( +ir+um"tan+e" to ive u" te be"t +an+e o( (indin li(e on Mar",eepin in mind tat it4" in+redibly di((i+ult to (ind eviden+e o( early li(e on

art&

,oger B(ick6*erre"trial (ield eoloi"t and bioloi"t

Earth's Earliest Record of Life

Mar" mit be a better pla+e to (ind li(e "in" o( early li(e +ompared to art

!at type" o( (o""il eviden+e are tere )eoloi+ "ettin" Ho/ +an tey be

pre"erved or de"troyed

*ype" o( eviden+e

o Mi+ro(o""il"


4/66

++ur" mo"tly in +arbonate", al"o ba"alti+ la"" and "edimentary

"ul(ide mineral" o++ur" /ere mi+robe" et+ or di""olve mineral"


5/66

o #oor pre"ervation o( ro+" pre"ent" reate"t di((i+ulty on art in "ear+

(or orani+ matter

o De"tru+tive pro+e""e" in+lude eoloy, ioniBin radiation


6/66

Compare /ater a+tivity on Mar" ver"u" "ea/ater: +lorite" are bad 6at "ini(i+ant

lo/ /ater a+tivity, "ul(ate v"& +loride are in"en"itive to So I.Cl ration o( initial

/ater, yp"um K +arbonate" are in"oluble 6re(le+t i H20

Di"tin+tion bet/een oriination in and adaptin to lo/ aH20 li(e /ould ave to

adapt to "alty +ondition" /indo/ o( abitability on Mar" /a" "ort and

appened early, liely bet/een I&5 and ;&5 billion year" ao 6i toleran+e i"evolutionary

n lo+al.reional "+ale:


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o Step" not mutually e+lu"ive

o Same eomorpi+ aent +an be involved in more tan one "tep

o Multiple +y+le" o( tran"port and depo"ition

Caveat":

o andin at a "ite may not provide larer eomorpi+ +ontet or /ell-

de(ined ae +on"traint" 6Meridianio May be "urpri"ed about /at /e di"+over about (ormative environment

6)u"ev

Site" ere ave di((erin deree" o( interpretability o( "our+e to "in +ontet

Site" /it be"t +on"traint" in relatively +lo"ed ba"in 6Holden, )ale, ber"/alde

o )reate"t diver"ity o( eomorpi+ environment"

Eonu" o( en+lo"ed ba"in "ite" are (rinin alluvial (an" 6in+ludin "ample" o(

an+ient iland" +ru"t

o $n(ormative o( ydroloi+ +ondition"

o 3luvially dominated (an" ave more di"tin+t beddin 6v"& debri" (lo/

dominated (an"o Di((erin atmo"peri+ +emi"try on Mar" implie" di((eren+e" in mineral

"tability and /eaterin potential

ue"tion":

(? !hy would channels #e raised on the fans?

6Alan Ho/ard Aeolian ero"ion "tripped (iner-rained material tat /a" overlyin+annel" +on"i"tin o( +oar"er-rained material", /i+ are more re"i"tant to ero"ion&

*ohn +rot1inger

+SL Science Goals and Site Evaluation Criteria

Habitability: inventory +emi+al buildin blo+" o( li(e& $nve"tiate +emi+al,i"otopi+, mineraloi+ +ompo"ition o( Martian "ur(a+e and near-"ur(a+e eoloi+al

material"

o Studie" o( terre"trial mi+robe" in+rea"inly "o/ te viability o( (indin

abitable environment" on Mar" 6mi+robe" on art +an live any/ere -

varyin.etreme temperature, pre""ure, pH, toin", "aline environment",

L epo"ure, varyin 2+on+entration, deep "ur(a+e, et+&

Diver"ity: reate"t number o( po""ible "+ien+e ob9e+tive"

o !ant multiple "+ien+e taret" and "tyle" o( "tratirapi+ epre""ion

o !ant "ite /it bot morpoloi+ and mineraloi+ eviden+e (or pa"t /ater

o Diver"e ydrated mineral"

o Multiple "tyle" o( "tratirapi+ epre""ion

Geional +ontet i" important to +ara+teriBe "ite

Habitability /ant an environment tat +an "upport mi+robial li(e

o #re"en+e o( H2, enery "our+e, +arbon 6(or li(e a" /e no/ it on art

o $denti(y a parti+ular eoloi+ environment 6or "et o( environment" tat

/ould "upport mi+robial li(e

#re"ervation 6taponomy applie" to orani+", tra+e element", et+&

8


9/66

o Some pro+e""e" are more (avorable to biomarer" or (o""il pre"ervation

6taponomi+ /indo/

o *aponomi+ /indo/ i" dominated by bioeo+emi+al and termal

pro+e""e" (or mi+robe"

o arly diaeneti+ i"tory o( +lay" i" +riti+al to teir ability to "eFue"ter

orani+ "ub"tan+e"o ven i( li(e i" not pre"erved at "pe+i(i+ "ite, /ant to at lea"t identi(y te

abitable environment or taponomi+ /indo/

Criteria and eample" (or de(inin te diver"ity, abitability, eoloi+ +ontet and

pre"ervation o( (o""il" in ro+ re+ord

ue"tion":

(Eldar .oe o#rea !e "ight learn so"ething fro" studying the #oundary #etween wet)

ancient +ars and dry) younger +ars (e$g$ along the .oachian/,esperian transition$

(? !e need to re"e"#er what the payload can and cannot do$

(,ugh !hat is the e-tent cli"ate change or other processes on +ars "ight havedegraded the preservation on +ars that we don0t thin a#out on Earth?

6Da/n Sumner Mar" a" better pre"ervation potential +ompared to art be+au"e la+ o(

te+toni+" and dry +ondition"&

*eff Bada

Preservation of Organic +atter in Sulfates

3a+tor" in biomarer pre"ervation on Mar"

o Current environmental +ondition" are ar"

o Mineraloi+al +on+ern"

o #a"t environmental +ondition"

Hyper"aline /ater bodie" on Mar"

valuation o( "tability i""ue" /it re"pe+t to pre"ervation

o "e amino a+id" a" mea"ure o( pre"ervation o( art

Amino a+id" are ubiFuitou" in all (orm" o( li(e

Ga+emiBe, de+arbonylate and deaminate 6te"e pat/ay" o((erae in(o

o )eneral +la""e" o( mineral" dete+ted on Mar": "ul(ate", alite,

pyllo"ili+ate"

Sul(ate and alite are ood +andidate" (or pre"ervation

#yllo"ili+ate" are ood (or pre"ervation only i( tey /ere depo"ited andpre"erved in anoi+ depo"itional environment

)o to a "ite /it more tan 9u"t pyllo"ili+ate" to (urter pre"ervation potential

ue"tion":

(? !hat a#out a"orphous silica?

6'e(( Eada )round-up FuartB depo"it" are te +leane"t "tu(( you +an (ind&

>


10/66

(? !hen you converted fro" Earth te"peratures to +ars te"peratures) did you use the

average te"perature or the average effect over +artian te"perature ranges?

6'e(( Eada !e u"ed te averae temp /eited to/ard te ie"t temperature 6averaeeponential temperature& $( you arue (or ier temperature", te al(-live" /ould be

"orter&

+enera% 2isc(ssion of )reser-ation and 0abitabi%ity

(*ohn Grot1inger 2he "ost i"portant "ediu" to preserve traces of life are sedi"entaryrocs$ 3s the taphono"ic window the sa"e for Earth and +ars?

(+a-4 !hen we tal a#out phyllosilicates) we are referring to clay "inerals rather than

grain si1e) right?

(Linda 5eep in "ind concentration6 that0s why sedi"entary rocs are favora#le$ 2he

idea of source to sin is i"portant to thin a#out$

(*en !hen looing for organic "atter on +ars) we are taling a#out trace a"ounts6

S7+ is designed to loo for trace a"ounts of organics and has "ultiple capa#ilities todetect car#on$ 7re we "aing a "istae asserting that the terrestrial environ"ents are

good analogs for +ars?

(Lisa 3n laes and playas on +ars) we assu"e that life is photosynthetic$ 7re wetargeting photosynthetic life or non%photosynthetic life (i$e$ deep #iosphere? &oth are

different parts of the syste" #ut re8uire investigation$ 3f we assu"e life on +ars was

always in deep su#surface) water on +ars is less of a concern and we would loo atfracture/fault do"inated environ"ent$ !ould we #e a#le to see a signal on +ars that0s

not photosynthetic?

(*ac +ustard to Lisa !hat a#out shallow crustal organic "atter? Should we e-pand

the types of environ"ents we are searching for to incorporate non%photosynthetic life?

(*ohn Grot1inger 2he profound difference #etween Earth and +ars is that +ars never

developed a photosynthetic syste"$ !hich environ"ents would #e #est if we were only

dealing with che"olithoautotrophs or alie?

6Dave #re"ervation i" important but you ave to determine te +on+entration me+ani"m&

(*ohn Grot1inger ,ow well would a deep fracture syste" #e preserved?

6i"a At ea+ "ite, /e ave to determine te pro+e"" to "u"tain metaboli"m and promote

"imultaneou" mineraliBation 6in reard" to li(e in deep bio"pere& Site" /it di((erent"trata ive" multiple +an+e" to eamine di((erent depo"itional environment"& Diver"ity i"

important& !e "ould (avor "ite" /it multiple layer", diver"e mineraloy and multiple

teture" 6i&e& ede" o( alluvial (an"&

10


11/66

(Ross 3wrin ,as anyone studied i"pact craters as depositional environ"ents and

hydrother"al syste"s (with apparent heat source and interaction with groundwater?

6Dave ltrama(i+ ro+" in area /it "ediment" 6"erpentinBation&

6Dave $( a mineral i" (ormin at "ame time orani+ matter i" produ+ed, pre"ervation i"in+rea"ed& !eaterin +lay" in a /et environment i" ideal& !e /ant +emi+al a""o+iation

bet/een mineral" and orani+"& Cellular pre"ervation o++ur" be+au"e material i"

entombed by mineral /ile orani+ matter i" "till viable, i"olatin it (rom deradation&!at i" te rane o( environment" tat are po""ible (or ti" "+enario

6Matt )olombe !e don4t no/ /eter te pyllo"ili+ate" (ormed in te ba"in /ere

tey are no/ or /eter tey /ere tran"ported tere&

6Dave Sour+e reion mit o((er better pre"ervation tan environment /ere tey are

tran"ported&

(*ohn 3f there were no photoautotrophs on +ars) would lae environ"ents #e less

favora#le for preservation?6Dave A lae ba"in mit "till be oay i( you ave redu+in po/er to "upport orani+

matter&

6ivio *ornabene Many o( te lae" are in impa+t ba"in" /i+ mit be (ed by eat"our+e and round/ater&

6Eetany lmann 'eBero +rater i" a ood pre"ervation environment be+au"e it a"

"me+tite +lay", /i+ /ere +omin (rom a ue "our+e reion /ere you ad

pyllo"ili+ate" (ormin in "itu&

(&ethany Ehl"ann ,ow co"e isotopic signatures "aintain signatures of organic

"atter?6Goer Eui+ $"otopi+ "inature" are more robu"t to i temperature and pre""ure but

ti" may not apply to Mar"& Nou +an u"e a rane o( di((erent i"otope" tat are pre"erved

in rane o( "edimentary environment" and mineral" tat repre"ent +emo-, etero-, andautotrop"& So, i"otope "inature" are po/er(ul i( you4re 9u"t looin (or orani+"& *o

(ind "ometin "pe+i(i+, you need to ave more "pe+i(i+ +ondition"&

Miyamoto Crater )resentations

0orton Ne/som

Overview of the+iya"oto Crater 9loor Landing Site

!ell-e"tabli"ed eoloi+ i"tory and +ontet

O150 m diameter +rater

Stratirapy and litoloy "imilar to ma9or unit" "een at Ma/rt and $"idi" ba"in

marin

Diver"ity o( Material"

o #yllo"ili+ate" 6"ometime" in a""o+iation /it layer", +loride

rani+ pre"ervation potential

11


12/66

o Cemented inverted +annel depo"it" 6"ili+a and oter +ement" and ba"al

unit "ediment" /it pyllo"ili+ate"

viden+e o( abitable environment"

o Analoou" to )reen Giver +annel" in ta

o arly (luvial epi"ode alteration o( ba"al unit by aFueou" pro+e""e"

o Ma9or (luvial ero"ion epi"ode (ormin reional valley net/or" Crater and valley net/or" early to mid-


13/66

o Sini(i+ant ematite +on+entration" 20-;0 m ea"t o( landin ellip"e

o Du"t i" not "ini(i+ant trouout te reion

o Slope "pe+tral unit a" "imilar "pe+tral, morpoloi+al and termopy"i+al

propertie" a" putative +loride" o( Osterloo et al$)2008 6lo+ated OI0 m to

te /e"t o( te ellip"e

Sandra Wiseman

CR3S+ 7nalysis of +iya"oto Crater

#yllo"ili+ate" 63e.M "me+tite" are pre"ent and appear to be te olde"t epo"ed

material and ave ood pre"ervation potential


14/66

o Doe" not reFuire po"t-impa+t /ater-ro+ intera+tion to (orm +lay"

Hydrotermal +lay" +an be di"tinui"ed (rom devitri(ied +lay":

o $n vein" and a" open "pa+e-(illin teture"

o Clay" more omoeneou" in +ompo"ition

Devitri(i+ation +ould be more prevalent tan ydrotermal a" a +lay-(ormin

me+ani"m /it re"pe+t to lare impa+t" into volatile-ri+ taret" Hydrou" "ili+ate impa+t melt" on Mar"

o are and numerou" impa+t" P volatile-ri+ +ru"t Q ydrated "ili+ate"

Melt-ri+ e9e+ta a""o+iated /it lare-"+ale impa+t ba"in" 6e&&, Hella", $"idi"

Habitability:

o Hydrotermal oa"i", up to 105year" (or lare +rater"

o $mpa+t" al"o in+rea"e ro+ poro"ity and (ra+turin (or +ryptoendoliti+

abitat"

o #re"ervation and tran"(er o( orani+ "inature" to impa+tite

RMartian ydrated "ili+ate" do not ne+e""arily reFuire lon term /aterR

ue"tion":(Scott ,ow i"portant is the process relative to other processes where you get

phyllosilicates? !hat a#out the northern he"isphere/polar? ,ow do you e-plain

intricate layering (e$g$ +awrth where you have 3ron/+agnesiu" silicates?6ivio *ornabene Du"t, "ur(a+e depo"it" and la+ o( out+rop" in nortern emi"pere are

limitin& ro"ion and tran"port o( e9e+ta into layer"& Mo"t e9e+ta on Mar" i" layered

e9e+ta i" not a" +aoti+ a" you tin&

2isc(ssion of Miyamoto Crater

(*i" Please su""ari1e units in the ellipse and their origins$6Horton *ere are t/o unit" /itin te ellip"e& *e ba"al, pyllo"ili+ate bearin unit /it

polyonal (ra+turin and "ome layerin and an overlyin +omple +appin unit /t

inverted +annel depo"it"& *e ypote"i" (or te ba"al unit i" "edimentary ba"in (ill,perap" depo"ited by lare river "y"tem" tat (lo/ed trou +rater& *e ypote"i" (or

te +appin unit i" +emented +annel depo"it"& Cannot readily di"tinui" te

depo"itional "ettin.oriin o( te ba"al unit&

(*ohn Grant !hat can you say a#out the deposition of the layered "aterial? Can you

say anything a#out the nature of the "aterial (sedi"entary) volcanic) etc$?

6Horton*e lo+ation on te (loor o( a lare +rater /i+ i" part o( ti" lare +annel

"y"tem& *e nature o( te material i" un+ertain, but it i" layered, pyllo"ili+ate-bearin&

(*ohn Grant 3n ter"s of the "aterial on top of the #asal unit) how do you now if theyare inverted channels rather than ridges that could for" #y another process? !hy do

you favor fluvial origin? o channels flow across gradient?

6Horton *e a"pe+t ratio o( te ride".+annel" i" indi+ative o( (luvial oriin&


15/66

be trapped in tere 6Fue"tion about ability (or +annel to pre"erve abitable environment

be+au"e +oar"e rained material i" enerally a""o+iated /it +annel (loor"&!e only

ave MA data at ti" point "o toporapy i" not /ell +on"trained 6/aitin (or HiG$SDM&

(? !hat did you "ean #y aspect ratio? Can you access ridges with the rover? id youi"ply that ridges were good for ha#ita#ility and preservation6 channel fills tend to #e

coarse "aterials$

6Horton A"pe+t ratio i" +annel /idt.lent& rani+ matter +an be trapped /itin+ementin aent" tat (orm te"e re"i"tant +annel"& *ere "ould be plenty o( pla+e"

/ere te rover +an a""e"" te +annel" a++e"" "ouldn4t be a problem be+au"e +appin

material i" trouout te ellip"e&

(Eldar .oe o#rea ,ow uni8ue is sulfate in the 2ES detections? Can you use a

different "ineral and still get si"ilar results?

6'o" Ean(ield Nou +an u"e oter mineral" and tey are not eFually ood, but "till pretty

ood& Dar "oil" +ome up /it O10? "ul(ate" but tere i"n4t a uniFue "pot /it in+rea"ed"ul(ate mineral"&

(Eldar .oe o#rea 3s the only thing we are seeing una"#iguously the 3ron/+agnesiu"

s"ectite clays?

6Sandra !i"eman Ne", $ /ould aree /it tat&

(Linda 5ah 3f you have a networ of inverted channels) what can you say a#out the

preservation of organic "atter in the underlying phyllosilicate layers assu"ing that

water would liely percolate through the cap unit? Could the phyllosilicates #e entirelydiagenetic?

6Horton Ne", it i" po""ible tat te pyllo"ili+ate" are diaeneti+&

(7lfred +cEwen ,ave you thought a#out a rover traverse?

6Horton


16/66

6Horton *e depo"it" are lo+ated on te (lat +rater (loor "o /ater (ormin te"e +annel"

i" +on"i"tent /it (luvial& *e oter i""ue i" relative uni(ormity o( +appin material"&

(Steve 3n the site evaluation process) do we consider go%to versus non go%to as a selling

point or not?

6Matt )olombe Don4t no/ o/ to evaluate tat (rom an enineerin "tand point "o /edon4t ave a +o"t-bene(it analy"i"&

6Mie !atin" A ood day /ould be "everal undred" o( meter" in (lat terrain i( /e

ave ood MG data in (ront o( u" a bad day /ould be ten" o( meter"& Still a +o"t-bene(it analy"i" to a" /eter it i" /ort ivin up 20 day" o( "+ien+e (or te o-to "ite"&

(+ichelle 2here0s no way to now whether "inerals in channel deposits trapped active

organic "atter$6Horton viden+e (or lo+ation o( (luvial depo"it /ould "ue"t tat ti" i" a rea"onable

po""ibility&

6Da/n Sumner eep in mind tat /e are bia"ed by te pre"ervation o( orani+ matter i"(luvial +annel" by avin an anoi+ environment&

(*oe +ichalsi 3f we had ,iR3SE data prior to the +ER "ission) how would that have

i"pacted "o#ility and "ission operations?

6Matt )olombe $( /e ad HiG$S +overae, pportunity liely /ouldn4t ave otten"tu+ in puratory dune /e /ere naviatin (rom MC


17/66

!e don4t no/ o/ (ar /e"t te Meridiani material etend", but /e "ee an eroded ede

o( te material&

(+ichelle ,ow well do you now age range of units in this area?

6Eryan Hyne Lalley net/or" to te "out are late


18/66

So(th Meridiani )resentations

Sandra Wiseman and ,ay Ar-idson

South +eridiani4 Phyllosilicate / Sulfate%,e"atite Contact

llip"e /itin "ame eoloi+ unit a" area eplored by pportunity rover 6/i+ i"

O75 m to nort $n pla+e


19/66

(5en Edgett So"ewhere in the fluvial dissection) you would i"agine you would see

e:ecta fro" +iya"oto unless it was entirely re"oved #efore the dissection$6Sandra !i"eman


20/66

o Eoundary bet/een pyllo"ili+ate" and a+idi+ unit"

o May re+ord di((erent pre"ervation "tae"

#yllo"ili+ate" ood (or pre"ervation, but liely a((e+ted by a+idi+ event +ould

ave been epo"ed to a+id lea+in /i+ /ould ave de"troyed orani+" at

"ur(a+e

A+idi+ "ul(ate":o Maintain "tru+ture" and orani+" 6yp"um and 9aro"ite re"i"tant to late

"tae di""olution event" and pre"erve orani+" over time, re"pe+tively

o Salt" +an trap dormant mi+robe"

o Some +an (orm under mi+robial mediation

$ron oide":

o Hily re"i"tant to py"i+al and +emi+al /eaterin

o #re"erve" "tru+ture" /ell

o Can pre"erve orani+" but: termodynami+ally un"table and mi+robe" +an

madurate.de"troy orani+"

Carbonate" normally o++ur a" pre+ipitate mediated by mi+robe"

2isc(ssion of So(th Meridiani

(,orton Sandra !ise"an) can you co""ent "ore on the diversity and nature of

layering within the plains? 3n +OC i"ages) 3 interpreted the" as shorelines$ o you

have evidence that those are e-posed stratigraphically?6Sandra !i"eman )eomorpi+ally, tey loo lie di"+rete layer" but it4" not obviou" in

CG$SM& *e CG$SM "inature i" dominated by bedro+ and "and "eet"&

(,orton !hat do you see with CR3S+ at the contact #etween the #ase"ent "aterials?

6Sandra !i"eman *ere i" lot" o( dar mantlin material /i+ mae" it di((i+ult to "eeanytin in CG$SM& All te HiG$S +overae i" in a+tual ellip"e, not out"ide o( ellip"e

alon ti" +onta+t&

(+ichelle 3s there an assu"ption that this is a transition #etween the .oachian to the

,esperian?6Sandra !i"eman *e pyllo"ili+ate-bearin terrain pre-date" te (luvial di""e+tion& *e

ate


21/66

6en dett *e bene(it o( ti" "ite i" tat you o to a di((erent "tratirapi+ layer /itin

a "eFuen+e /e4ve already "tudied /it te pportunity rover /it a di((erent payload and

a pre-ei"tin "et o( Fue"tion"&

6Goer Eui+ *ere +an "till be /eaterin tat re+ord" te i"tory o( te upper part o(

te lo/er unit in an un+on(ormity& So, tere4" a po""ibility o( ettin into tat ap eventou it4" an un+on(ormity, te i"tory i" not all mi""in& $( it4" "ub-aerial you4re

titratin te ro+ /it te atmo"pere& Sub-aFueou", titratin di""olved a"e"& So eiter

/ay you re+ord "ometin intere"tin and po""ibly bioloi+ally "ini(i+ant&

(? 3s it possi#le to record so"e lithological ter"inology in these rocs? =Phyllosilicate%

#earing> is such an opa8ue ter" that 3 can0t "ae out what it really is$

6Sandra !i"eman !it CG$SM, /e +an dete+t iron, bound /ater, "ul(ate"& $( you aveFuartB and pyllo"ili+ate", you +an only dete+t pyllo"ili+ate"&


22/66


23/66

ate "tae, more re+ent land(orm"

Slit ydration +ompared to bedro+ o( (an at outlet o( "appin-

lie valley

Lalley" +ut olivine-ri+ layer

Al"o "inuou" valley" /it (an" 6'eBero

o 'eBero (an U100 m ti+ 6averae At lea"t 10 time" le"" tan /at valley "ould output

'eBero (an +an4t remove all te material (rom te valley

a"t "tae o( a+tivity 6'eBero (an

ate (an" un+ertain to be related to any alteration but tey "ue"t epi"ode" o(

"table liFuid /ater at "ur(a+e

pper valley" and (an are po""ible reli+" (rom a +lima+ti+ optimum 6lon i"tory

related to alteration o( bedro+

Sinuou" valley "y"tem to te ea"t 6=;00 m deep and 'eBero (an" to "outea"t o(

landin ellip"e (ormed a(ter livine-ri+ unit and


24/66

o Contet: "tratirapy i" di"tinui"able

o Habitability: per"i"tently /et and /ell epo"ed, neutral to i pH

aFueou" environment

*osh Banfie%d

2ES and 2,E+3S +ineralogical perspective on .ili 2rough Region and Landing Site */o unit" /it +ompo"ition" "imilar to ba"alt identi(ied in *S.*HM$S data

6"ini(i+ant plaio+la"e, pyroene, le"" i-"ili+a pa"e"

livine and pyroene are inver"ely +orrelated /it i "ili+a pa"e" 6variable

alteration

pper limit o( pyllo"ili+ate abundan+e i" 10-20? 6+an be mu+ ier i( pre"ent

a" lo"e, (ine parti+le"

Gatio "pe+trum a" "tron I5 +m-1 (eature but "me+tite" doublet i" ab"ent

o nly one @dete+tion u"in ration" and indi+e" lead" to (al"e po"itive due

to C2

Similar to Ma/rt Lalli"

*# M(stard

+ineralogic and +orphologic iversity in .ili 2rough

Multiple, di"tin+t abitable environment"

o


25/66

2a-id 2es Marais

Potential ,a#ita#ility and &iosignature Preservation at the .ili 2rough Site


26/66

+on(irm /eter tey are ro/in or not& An eample o( miin "ub"ur(a+e and "ur(a+e

environment" /ould be /ere ba+teria i" ro/in into pillo/ ba"alt"& *i" al"o o++ur" on

a mi+ron "+ale and /ould be unob"ervable /it te MS payload& $4m /orried aboutte"tin "ub"ur(a+e bio"pere on Mar" /it te MS payload&

6'a+ Mu"tard !e don4t under"tand a lot o( te part" o( te "y"tem&

6Dave D *i" "ite o((er" a "pe+trum o( a++e"" (rom te "ub"ur(a+e to te "ur(a+e&

6 Could you "pe+ulate on o/ mu+ orani+ matter you mit epe+t to (ind Ho/

mu+ total orani+ +arbon 6*C $" tat a++e""ible by MS

6Dave D nery "our+e rate and rate o( "eFue"tration& $n terre"trial "ur(a+e

environment", it4" about te rate o( "eFue"tration $n a (ra+ture (ill populated at marin,you +ould ave i, lo+al +on+entration"&

6 *e +on+entration o( total orani+ +arbon in (ra+ture (ill" in a la+ial environment i"

i&

6'a+ Mu"tard $( you averae te total orani+ +arbon, te +on+entration /ill be "mall,but in lo+al environment" te *C i" ier&

(*ohn Grot1inger !hich environ"ents where the organic "atter is trivially present do

you have the #est potential of preservation?

(Linda 5ah 7lteration fronts are favora#le #ut the #recciated #edroc doesn0t offer aconte-tual relationship6 you0re "issing the geoche"ical pathway that you would tae$

,ard to say what fluid pathways "ay have #een due to "issing se8uential relationships$

2here is good evidence for sustained water activity #ut that "ight also hurt preservationpotential$ ,ow can you distinguish clays that are with the pacage? 7re we going to #e

a#le to recogni1e that or are we not going to #e a#le to say anything a#out the

che"istry?

6Dave D& $( you /ant i temperature pro+e""e" do/n to ambient, ti" i" te pla+e to

o&

6'a+ Mu"tard !it te array o( morpoloi+ (eature" and mineraloi+ +ontet you ave

a "ite tat o((er" "tratei+ de+i"ion" on o/ to employ te MS a""et"&

6 *e a""emblae play" an important role& 3rom te CeMin point o( vie/, te bland

+ap ro+ "eem" lie olivine plu" vol+ani+ la""&

6ivio *ornabene CG$SM +an4t "ee plaio+la"e but you "ee pyroene, olivine&

6Dave 'u"t ettin te (ull mineraloy o( te "ample /ill ive you a lot&

(Ross 3rwin 2here is clear evidence of wetness #ut no convincing evidence of

=sustained> wetness (e$g$ flooding$ 9luvial landfor"s are poorly developed relative to

2


27/66

other places on +ars$ 2he phyllosilicate%#earing unit is old) predating the 3sidis #asin

i"pact) and what is the potential diagenesis?

6'a+ Mu"tard *at4" true (or every "ite but /e +an +onne+t te dot" (rom "our+e to "in&6ivio *ornabene $( te pyllo"ili+ate-bearin material" are ba"in e9e+taV

6'a+ Mu"tard !e are out"ide te tran"ient +rater o( $"idi"& *ere(ore you4re in te Bone

o( e9e+ta a++umulation, liely a ilometer& *e meabre++ia" tat /e "ee tere i" liely(rom $"idi"& *i" i" a very /ell-epo"ed eample o( te aren0t dies (whichare uninha#ita#le or .eptunian dies (re"o#ili1ed and filled fro" a#ove rather than

evidence for a hydrother"al syste" which would #e indicative of su#surface

environ"ent?

6'a+ Mu"tard $ don4t no/ te oriin o( te (ra+ture", te"e are ypote"e"& *ere area

lot o( unan"/ered Fue"tion" at all te propo"ed "ite"&

27


28/66

(*ohn Grot1inger Can you point to "inerali1ed dies? Other sites point to a delta$

6ivio *ornabene HiG$S +an4t do it&

6Al(red Nou +an put toeter a "tory but lot" o( /or need" to be done&6ivio *ornabene Eut iven te eoloi+ "ettin, you /ould epe+t an array o( te"e

(eature"&

6Eetany *e (ra+ture" don4t +ut trou many o( te unit" tey are re"tri+ted to telo/er unit& *at doe"n4t rule out te po""ibility tat tey +ould ave been die" tat /ere

intruded prior to te empla+ement o( te upper unit"&

6inda a $4ve looed at +arbonate /eaterin in ba"alti+ +ap" and (ra+ture" and you

don4t "ee anytin tat int" at orani+ +arbon /itin (ra+ture" o( /eaterin pro(ile"& $(

you move into te bae Bone, you lo"e all "inature"&

6 !en $ ear te term @"u"tained /ater, $ tin o( aFueou" environment"& !at /e

don4t ave at ti" "ite i" eviden+e o( la+u"trine or marine environment", /i+ i" /ere

/e et pre"ervation o( (o""il" and rapid burial& *at4" a problem /it u"in

(luvial.alluvial environment /en looin (or abitability&

6'a+ Mu"tard *i" i" not a la+u"trine "ite& *ere a"n4t been enou +onver"ation orepert" to di"+u"" te po""ibility o( pre"ervation in abitable environment" tat /eren4t

la+u"trine& !e need per"pe+tive in a +ru"tal bio"pere /at /a" te potential (or

abitability tere

6ivio *ornabene !e don4t no/ o/ lon a la+u"trine environment on Mar" la"t"&

6#an Conrad n art, /en you ave orani+ matter livin in +ra+", tey ave to ettere and "urvive (rom "ome/ere el"e& ven at lo"t +ity, /en you4re in te "ubmarine

and looin (or te ydrotermal vent, you +an4t "ee it until you4re almo"t on top o( it&

*e robu"t bio"ere around te vent i" at te vent& *e "ur(a+e o( Mar" i" lie a nu+learrea+tor& Nou +an4t elp but tin tat you need "tandin /ater and "lo/ depo"itional

reime, prote+ted (rom te radiation environment "o tat you +an ere"" (rom te old to

ne/ environment and pre"erve to"e "inature"&


29/66

Some "tru+tural de(ormation o( bed" a(ter empla+ement 6(ra+ture" in +rater (loor

Di"tal alluvial and la+u"trine depo"itional "ettin

Diver"e unit": lit-toned layered depo"it", dar +appin material, mea-bre++ia

6ba"ement

o Meabre++ia ob"erved in +rater /all", o++ur a" di"tin+t J+la"t"4, "ome

"tand in po"itive relie(, lo+ally a""o+iate /it Jvein"4, diver"e, "ome lit-toned +la"t"

An+ient aFueou" "ettin"

o Ea9ada "ur(a+e in landin ellip"e in+lude" lo/-relie(, inverted +annel"

o *ree member" o( lo/er unit, all bedded /it pyllo"ili+ate "inature,

+on"i"tent /it lon-lived la+u"trine or di"tal alluvial depo"ition in


30/66

o Bboi (lood depo"it" 618 m priority ;

o Eedro+ out+rop 62 m priority I

Clear +ontet:

o amine litoloy o( alluvial "and, ravel and boulder"

o #re-ero"ional and po"t-depo"itional /eaterin environment

o 3luvial tran"port pro+e""e" and environmental impli+ation"o Detailed "edimentary "eFuen+e" and "tru+ture" and relative timin o(

ma9or "tratirapi+ unit"

o Eedro+ out+rop, impa+t ydrotermal "ettin

o $mpli+ation" o( above ob"ervation" (or paleoenvironment and abitability

*aret" +an be put into a reional eoloi+ (rame/or and are at te


31/66

Morpoloy, rai"ed +annel", radiatin (rom point "our+e area", +oale"+in

nature, +ro"" "e+tional morpoloy +on"i"tent /it alluvial (an"& Morpoloy

+on"i"tent /it "ome amount o( /ater (or "ome period o( time&

3ull drainae ba"in" are te "our+e o( te (an"

#rovide" +ontet (or lit-toned layered depo"it", typi+al o( oter alluvial (an" in

latitude belt on Mar"

(? ?

6elin !ipple pe+t to ave a "eFuen+e in "tratirapi+ layer" tat /ill ive u" a

+an+e to di"+over "edimentary "tru+ture" and addre"" te nature o( te material6mud(lo/", et+& *ey do appear to be +on(ormable /it "lope o( te (an& )iven limited

epo"ure, o/ever, it4" ard to determine (rom orbit o/ tabular tey are&

(&ill ietrich !hy are the fans concentrated on only one side of the crater?6Alan Ho/ard *at4" /ere te /all" are te ie"t and te mo"t relie( to drive

material&

*osh Banfie%d

2ES and 2,E+3S for ,olden Crater

*/o unit" /it +ompo"ition" "imilar to olivine ba"alt" are pre"ent /itin Holden

Eul o( all "ur(a+e" at all "ite" tu" (ar are ba"alt& $n Holden, mo"tly olivine ba"alt

1 6relatively unaltered /it "maller, i"olated o++urren+e" o( olivine ba"alt 2

6enri+ed in ma(i+" - ier olivine and pyroene&

Sur(a+e i" du"t-(ree

,a%ph Mi%%iken

CR3S+ Results for ,olden Crater


32/66

3luvial (eature" in upper unit "ue"t i enery (loodin event a""o+iated /it

Bboi brea+

*i+ "eFuen+e" o( "tratirapy tat re+ord i"tory o( alluvial, (luvial and po""ible

la+u"trine environment"

2isc(ssion of 0o%den Crater

(&ill ietrich 3s there anything here #esides clays?

6Galp !e are looin (or "ul(ate", evaporate", et+& but aven4t (ound tem yet& *at

doe"n4t mean tat tey aren4t tere&

(? 2he strength of spectral signature see"s 8uite wea) especially co"pared to other

sites$6Galp Millien *ere i" not a 1-1 +orrelation bet/een "trent o( "inature and

abundan+e& Ne", te "trent o( te "pe+tral "inature i" /eaer ere but tat doe"n4t

mean tat tey are "ini(i+antly le"" abundant&

(*ac +ustard 7ssu"ing we are evaluating these sites in a consistent way) what would

the i"plications #e of a weaer signature in ter"s of preservation and ha#ita#ility? 3f the

a#undance is truly less) what does that "ean?

(*ohn Grot1inger &ased on this data) does the spectroscopy co""unity clai" you found

clays on +ars?6'a+ Mu"tard Ne", ab"olutely& *ere are pyllo"ili+ate "inature" at ti" "ite&

(Golo"#e Can you clarify the distri#ution of clays in ,olden?

6Galp *e "inature i" +on"i"tent /it "me+titie"& $n +ertain "ite", te "me+tite

"inature" loo di((erent tan oter "ite"& Some band a"ymmetry mit be re"ult o(miin& Holden "me+tite" are di((erent tan /at you "ee in Ma/rt and )ale, /i+

mit re(le+t miin&

(*ac +ustard 9ro" a ha#ita#ility standpoint) what are the i"plications for having a

roc with AB clay co"pared to the lielihood of preservation in a roc where you haveD clay?

6Da/n Sumner po"ure to orani+ matter, te depo"itional environment, and te po"t-

diaeneti+ i"tory are predi+tive mea"ure" o( orani+ pre"ervation rater tan te per+ent

o( +lay in a ro+&6 A ro+ /it a ier per+entae o( +lay /ill in+rea"e pre"ervation potential by

+loin pore "pa+e and preventin /ater to per+olate trou&

6Galp Millien *e "trone"t +lay "inature" are a""o+iated /it te lo/e"t member in

te lo/er unit&

(? ;ou "ight have "i-ed a lot of different rocs in CR3S+ pi-els$ !hen you0re driving

+SL) how are you going to find what you0re looing for?

;2


33/66

6Galp Millien *ere4" CemCam, but overall, on a lare "+ale, it4" Fuite omoenou"

and you /ould ave a (airly repre"entative vie/ o( te material" a" a /ole&

6Galp Millien !e 9u"t don4t no/ enou (rom /ell-+ontrolled lab eperiment" to

+orre+t (or abundan+e" o( a+tual ro+"&

(? Can you infer concentration fro" other "eans?

6'& Eibrin uantitative a""e""ment" are available and /e /ill "o/ you o/ to do

tat in te pre"entation by 3ran+io" #oulet& Hi abundan+e" o++ur /ere tepyllo"ili+ate" (ormed in "itu& *ran"port de+rea"e" te pyllo"ili+ate abundan+e"& a+ o(

diver"ity limit" +ondition" (or abitability and pre+lude" te po""ibility o( inve"tiatin

abitability&

6'on )rant *e pre"en+e o( +lay" "upport" eviden+e (or a Fuie"+ent depo"itional

environment&

6'on )rotBiner Habitability model i" a tra+er (or /ere "edimentation +on+entrationo++ur"&

(? 3f the +SL rover is on a solid) sloped surface) can you sa"ple on a slope?

6 *e rover a" problem" on "and rater tan bedro+&

6en dett nineerin reFuirement (or te rover /a" to traver"e up to ;0 deree"lope"&

6'on )rant *e "lope" tat Go"" $r/in "ited /ere averae "lope" and many o( te

"tratirapi+ "e+tion i" "tair-"tepped /i+ ive" u" more option" (or maneuverin&

(&ill ietrich ,ow were clays generated? 3s the source of light%toned layered deposits

associated with 1#oi #reach?

6'on )rant *e lit-toned layered depo"it" predate te brea+ and /ere depo"ited inan en+lo"ed ba"in /ere material /a" derived (rom te /e"t and "out al+ove" alon te

+rater /all& *ere are +lay" in te +rater /all, "ome or all are liely detrital& Some o( te

+lay" may repre"ent in "itu /eaterin&

6Galp Millien Holden i" part o( mu+ larer "y"tem tat a" been in(illed /it +lay

bearin unit", "o tey mit be re+y+led "edimentary ro+"&

6'on )rant *e lit-toned depo"it" are overlain by te upper member tat i" related to

te Bboi brea+&

(? !here is the polygonally fractured layer?

6'on )rant )oin (rom la+u"trine, inter-(inerin /it alluvial, to playa i"tory&

*ere4" no brea+ in te +rater /all, "o te /ater i" +omin (rom round/ater orpre+ipitation& 3an" /ere "our+ed (rom te +rater /all&

;;


34/66

(? 2he lac of phyllosilicate diversity is speaing to availa#le energy at this site6 there

are no gradients$ 3f we0re speaing of che"olithoautotrophs) that would noc this site

down$6Galp Millien $n term" o( +emi+al +ompo"ition, Holden i" not tat diver"e&

6 *ere i" not +lear eviden+e (or enery (lo/ in Holden& Eut you +an enerate +emi+al

radient" in oter /ay", lie in a "tandin /ater body& *i" pro+e"" mit not be re(le+tedreadily in te mineraloy&

6ivio *ornabene !e +annot rule out ydrotermal produ+t" depo"ited into Holdenyllo"ili+ate" in te +rater /all" mit be ot-"prin depo"it" related to te (ormation o(

Holden& Al"o, mea bre++ia i" epo"ed on te "ur(a+e /i+ /ould be ood to a""e""&

6Galp Millien $ /ouldn4t "ay ot "prin, but maybe ydrotermal& *e"e +lay" are

+omparable to +lay" all around Mar"& *ere are many /ay" to et +lay" on bot art andMar"&

(? Could you interpret the lower "e"#er to #e a dune deposit and the chaotic "iddle

"e"#er to #e an alluvial fan?6'on )rant


35/66

Clo"ed ba"in /it in(lo/in +annel" and ti+ "ta+ o( layered ro+"

Delta" ave "ub-aerial and "ub-aFueou" +omponent"

o Gapid burial 6in+rea"e" pre"ervation potential

o SeFue"ter orani+"

o a+u"trine "ediment" are lo/ enery aFueou" depo"it"

$ndi+ate" "u"tained ponded /ater environment, ideal (or abitability andpre"ervation o( bioeni+ material" ba"ed on terre"trial eperien+e

Di"tributary, multi-lobate (an

Meander", di"tributive beavior indi+ate /ater (lo/

"tae" (or ber"/alde 6propo"ed

o +annel "inuo"ity rane" (rom 1&17 to 1&77 6up to 2&8 in "ome rea+e"

o mo"t +annel" under 200 meter" /ide

o lea( "aped lobe" "ue"t more aradational pro+e""

o tonue "aped lobe" "ue"t proradational pro+e""

Cro""-+uttin di"tributary relation"ip" indi+ative o( per"i"tent (lo/

andin ellip"e in propo"ed lae (loor 6a++e"" to la+u"trine "ediment" Diver"e litoloie"

*(ergen Schieber

2he epositional Setting at E#erswalde Crater

!ell-no/n reional +ontet and oriin o( material

o #re"erved "our+e-to-"in +ontinuity

Delta developed bet/een 150,000 year" to "everal million year"

Crater i" older tan Holden and i" partial (illed by Holden e9e+ta

Diver"ity: meabre++ia, layer", delta, +annel"

Habitability /ater environment, numerou", eten"ive, and ti+ layer" #re"ervation la+u"trine ba"in, limited +ir+ulation, pyllo"ili+ate-ri+, epo"ed by

aeolian ero"ion allo/in a++e"" to unaltered material

o Depo"ited by "tandin /ater

o Depo"ition o( di"tal (ine"

o ten"ive and diver"e pyllo"ili+ate"

*aret":

o $nverted "inuou" +annel" and depo"itional lobe"

o it toned ro+" /it pyllo"ili+ate"

o umed multi-tread +annel" 6(luvial, on ill-"lope

o

"+arpment" o( la+u"trine depo"it"o umed (rom la+u"trine blanet depo"it" 6delta bottom"et

o Me"a" o( (lat-lyin depo"it"

o Meabre++ia

Debate a" to /eter it +an be interpreted a" Holden e9e+ta


36/66

llip"e a" numerou" (luvial (eature" 6ana"tomo"in, "inuou", bran+in

+annel"

Clay mineral" /ide"pread

A++e"" to deeper +ru"tal litoloie" 6meabre++ia

Already /ell "tudied "o no/ addre""in net eneration o( Fue"tion"

ue"tion":

(Steve Ruff o we now anything a#out the height of the water in the sin?

5e-in Le/is

Geo"orphic 7spects of E#erswalde elta and Potential +SL 2raverse

Clear eoloi+ +ontet and "et o( "+ienti(i+ Fue"tion"

!ile delta i" to te /e"t, oter (luvial depo"it" are in te ellip"e

Cannel" are toporapi+ i" and +an be tra+ed a+ro"" delta "ur(a+e

Multiple lobe" indi+ate "everal "tae" o( +on"tru+tion

o

Ea"e level drop" bet/een lobe"o


37/66

o Ge+ently epo"ed

o !ell under"tood ba"i+ eoloy

ue"tion":

(? !hat is the co"position of the coarse grained "aterial?

6evin e/i" Galp Millien /ill di"+u"" +ompo"ition&

*eff Moore

epositional Setting and Sedi"entary +aterials at the E#erswalde Crater Site

3luvial environment in reion durin -580 m;." (or bimodal unimodal di"tribution yield" di"+are

rate o( 1,820 m;."

o Can "u+ di"+are" +arry boulder" a+ro"" "u+ a lo/ radient

probably

Di"+u""ion o( #arana Ea"in di"+are

Multi-de+ade delue ero"ion:o $( rained lie mad (or 1,000 year", don4t et eomorpoloy epe+ted

o $( only rained on+e every t/o /ee" or "o but (or mu+ loner, et

pattern" /e "ee no/ implie" lon lived /et environment 6but not+ata"tropi+

)lobal Lie/: and(orm evolution model o( Mar" "o/" tat


38/66

Clay" in landin ellip"e, "out o( ellip"e 6altou not +ontiuou" /it delta and

in te delta

o de" o( delta "o/ iron-ri+ +lay", in+rea"e" in pyroene

*ree unit" in ber"/alde: +lay-bearin unit /it pyroene, pyroene unit /it

+lay", 3e-ri+ +lay unit 6po""ibly e9e+ta (rom Holden, indi+ative o( redu+in

+ondition" very iron-ri+, not mane"ium-ri+o


39/66

band /avelent"& ter" are "i(ted to/ard te Mane"ium-ri+ "ide& $t4" not uniFue to

Holden, but tere i" variability in te band po"ition"&

(+ie Carr 3s there any evidence for evaporitic "inerals in ,olden or E#erswalde?

6Galp Millien !e ave looed (or +arbonate", ydrated "alt", et+&, but ave not

dete+ted tem in te"e area"& $( tae" lot" o( "ili+a to (orm "me+tite" and you /ouldepe+t a ue e+e"" o( +ation" tat /ould ave to o "ome/ere, "o you /ould epe+t

"alt" or "ometin el"e tere& *i" i" a "+enario tat you /ould epe+t at te"e "ite" and

every/ere&

(? 2he sedi"ent to water ratio would indicate @DB%BBB cu#ic "$ 2he duration of the

lae is li"ited #y the ti"e it taes to evaporate that a"ount of water (%A " of lost

water$ 3t would #e interesting to calculate how long it would tae to get rid of thata"ount of water$

6'e(( Moore $t /ould be more +ompli+ated i( te lae /ere i+e-+overed&

(? 3n cases where you "ight have a car#onate%type roc) would you e-pect differences inspectral signatures?

6Galp Millien !e don4t no/ /eter "ul(ate" are o++urrin a" yp"um or a" pore-(illin +ement& $t depend" on poro"ity o( material and CG$SM +an4t dete+t FuartB&

6'ueren Nou don4t ave to ave evaporate" in a lae alon /it +lay" te /ater mitbe "ome/ere el"e /it te "olute"&

6'e(( Moore $( te delta i" entirely +ompo"ed o( (ine-rained material, ten it4" eFually

"u"+eptible to ero"ion&

(*$ P$ &i#ring 9or phyllosilicates to for" in situ) you need water) "afic "aterial and an

energy source$ !ithout an energy source you won0t "ae clays$ !hat is the energysource to war" the water?

6Galp Millien


40/66

(?Can you co""ent on the o-idation of the organic "atter and the state of

preservation?

(Eileen 7re clays a re8uired part of the argu"ent for ha#ita#ility and preservation?

6inda a 3ine-rained "ediment trap orani+ matter more e((i+iently tan +oar"e-rained "ediment& Gapid burial /ould al"o aid in te pre"ervation o( orani+ matter&

Ee+au"e ti" i" an intriuin "ite, many "tudie" ave already been done&

6Eetany lmann *e abundan+e o( +lay" is important in te pre"ervation o( orani+

matter&

6'on )rotBiner !at doe" abundan+e mean and /at doe" +lay diver"ity mean"Abundan+e i" not +riti+al (or a la+u"trine model, but /e u"e it a" a bea+on ba"ed on

terre"trial eperien+e& Clay" are a proy (or te "ettlin velo+ity o( (ine-rained material,

and tat4" po""ibly /ere te orani+" /ould be loo /ere te (ine" are, not te

"and"tone" or bre++ia& $( you land in ti" area, you +an Fui+ly a""e"" /ere te (ine-rained material "ould be ba"ed on te (amiliar "tru+ture o( a delta depo"it&

6Da/n Sumner Geturnin to te i""ue o( enery "our+e"VMa(i+ mineral" plu" /ater are

9u"t a" a+tive, altou temperature i" lo/er, but tey are "till driven te "ame /ay and

li(e +an tae advantae o( termodynami+ radient"& Cemi+al radient" are "teepe"t atte "ur(a+e be+au"e you ave di((erent pro+e""e"& *e "ur(a+e o( te lae mit "erve a"

layer o( prote+tion&

Ma/rth 6a%%is )resentations

*#7)# Bibring

2he +awrth


41/66

Francios )o(%et

+ineralogy "odel of phyllosilicate%rich deposits

aboratory eperiment" u"in varyin mineral a""emblae" to model "pe+tra

ob"erved (rom M)A "pe+tra in Ma/rt Lalli"

o 3or Ma/rt 2, model (it" /it a mi o( nontronite, (erriydrite,

plaio+la"e and du"to Hydrated mineral" 6$ron and Aluminum pyllo"ili+ate" plu" iron

ydroide = 0? by volume

o Anydrou" +omponent 6plaio+la"e U25?

o Some pyroene

Modal mineraloy o( depo"it" indi+ate" a larer and.or di((erin deree o(

alteration P pyllo"ili+ate"-ri+ layer" depo"ited above a le"" altered "ur(a+e

o Anydrou" mineral" mae up mo"t o( te per+entae

*osh Banfie%d

2,E+3S

*HM$S ob"erve" (ull rane o( type 1 and type 2 "ur(a+e" a" /ell a" te +onta+t"

bet/een tem

Can "ee +onta+t" o( "ur(a+e type 1 and 2

ot o( type 2

Ste-e ,(ff

2ES

llip"e" 2 and ; relatively i albedo o++urren+e" 6above 0&2

o "ually over 0&2 mean" du"t +overed, yet not ere

o


42/66

o Minimum I "ub-unit" 50 to 100 meter" ea+ 6total 200 m ti+ne"",

+on(ormable /it pre-ei"tin toporapy

*# Bishop N# Mc5eo/n and M# )arente

5aolinite eposits) 78ueous che"istry) and ,a#ita#ility at +awrth % CR3S+

Diver"ity o( pyllo"ili+ate" 6nontronite, montmorilinite, aolinite in layered"tratirapy

aolinite implie" "table /ater at or near te "ur(a+e, "litly a+idi+ environment

and moderate pH, /i+ are abitable

pan"ive body o( /ater

Gedo +emi"try

Advan+ed alteration at top o( pyllo"ili+ate" pro(ile

o Hydrated "ili+a

o aolinite

#yllo"ili+ate" provide "ur(a+e" (or bindin.trappin orani+"

Sili+a enable" pre"ervation o( (o""il" viden+e (or undred" o( m o( pyllo"ili+ate" implie" /ide"pread aFueou" event

3e.M "me+tite", 3e2P material, ydrated "ili+a, montmorillonite, aolinite

3errou" "lope ob"erved at tran"ition (rom nontronite to Al-+lay.ydrated "ili+a

layer"

o iely to be mi+a 6+ould al"o be +arbonate, "ul(ate, olivine

o $mplie" aFueou" a+tivity

MS more liely to (ind variou" pa"e" o( 3e tan CG$SM

*ames Wray

Co"positional Stratigraphy and Evidence for a rape deposit

Ma/rt a" diver"e mineraloy and eomorpoloy

3o+u" on polyon", +ompo"itional layerin, (ra+ture (luid (lo/, po""ible (olded

layer", (illed +rater"

Abundant polyon" in llip"e 2

o Lariation" in "iBe and "+ale over even "mall area

o Ho/ did te polyon" (orm De""i+ation Mineral deydration

!eaterin #erila+ial at i obliFuity

o Ho/ re+ent.old are tey

o Could mea"ure +ompo"ition, dept, layer ti+ne"", et+& /it MS

o $ron.Mane"ium +lay" ave Jle""-ordered4 (ra+ture pattern" tan Al-+lay"

Aluminum-bearin unit 6polyon" i" di((erent morpoloi+ally tan $ron-bearinunit 6rubbly

Halo bounded (ra+ture"

o 3luid (lo/in trou (ra+ture liely +aned material", eiter +emi+ally

or py"i+ally

#o""ible (old" in nontronite-bearin layer"

o Con"i"tent /it 6but not diano"ti+ o( "o(t "ediment de(ormation

I2


43/66

3illed +rater" in nontronite-bearin unit

o ua"i-+ir+ular +olor.albedo (eature" o( varied "iBe

o niFue to nontronite-bearin material"

Compo"itional layerin:

o Al to 3e.M-+lay tran"ition epo"ed in /all o( +rater near +enter o( llip"e

2o Some epo"ure" o( bot +lay" in ellip"e I 6even tou it4" a @o-to "ite

epo"ed in +rater /all and e9e+ta

Al-+lay" al/ay" overly 3e.M +lay unit

o $" Al-unit pyro+la"ti+."edimentary depo"it draped over Ma/rt Lalli" tat

/a" "ub"eFuently altered in pla+e r did te alteration o++ur el"e/ere

o *i" rule" out depo"ition into a +lo"ed ba"in or tat te unit i" Cry"e

impa+t e9e+ta

3e.M unit +annot be "imilarly +on"trained be+au"e +an4t "ee bottom o( tat unit

6+an4t "ee te unaltered "tu((

E%dar Noe 2obrea

2he +awrth


44/66

6'oe Mi+al"i ne eomorpi+ arument i" tat /e ave a diver"e and ti+ "eFuen+e

o( ro+"& Eeddin i" epre""ed be+au"e o( ero"ional and litoloi+ di((eren+e"& Some o(

tem ave to be "and"tone" or aeolian ro+" o( "ome "ort&6'& Ei"op $t +ould mae "en"e tat te nontronite layer /a" (ollo/ed by an aFueou"

event tat altered te material in "itu&

(Ralph +illien !hat is uni8ue a#out the spectra that "aes you thin it is ferrous

"ica?

6'& Ei"op Mo"t liely a (errou" mi+a but +ould be oter tin"&(Ralph +illien 2here are no clear a#sorptions that were indicative of ferrous "ica?

6'& Ei"op *at4" +orre+t&

(*ohn Grant 3n the a#sence of a confined #asin at that scale of stratigraphy) are you leftwith airfall as the "ost via#le origin?

6*im #arer *e nortern plain" isa ba"in&

6ldar


45/66

(Linda 5ah ,ow is a story going to co"e out of this? 2here is a widespread occurrence

of clays covered #y alu"inu"%rich clays and this pattern e-ists over a #road region$ 2he

units are finely layered$ 2here are "orphological features such as folds) although 3 don0tagree that they are truly folds) an array of possi#le origins for the "aterial including

i"pact) sedi"entary (and within sedi"entary you have aeolian) lacustrine or fluvial) a

variety of hypotheses for the origin of the "ineralogy alteration including lacustrineenviron"ent) diagenetic phase) circulation #eneath of a volcanic cap$ ,ow can +SL

possi#ly distinguish #etween any of these and deter"ine what is going on at this site??

6'oe Mi+al"i !e ave an i""ue o( "+ale but /e ave many te"table ypote"e"& $t i"+ompli+ated but MS +an te"t te"e ypote"e" by drivin up to te out+rop and

eaminin te mineraloy and beddin "tru+ture"&

(? ,ow thic is this pacage of stratigraphy?6


46/66

(7lan ,oward Landing site @ is the only place where we can analy1e the stratigraphy$

2he other sites are very far fro" the valley$ 3f this is pri"arily a weathering layer

pheno"enon) will that preserve #iological "aterial?(? 2here is li"ited "eta#olis" (delta g$ !hat "eta#olic processes would weathering

processes support? 3 can0t see "any of the"$

6avid es +arais *o /eater ro+", you redo and relea"e enery& !eaterinpro+e"" +ould "upport biota, but ti" pro+e"" doe" not ave a" reat o( potential a" oter

me+ani"m"&

(*ohn Grant 3f this is a leaching process) one of the first things to go is the organics$ 3s

that right?

6 $( you ave /eaterin rea+tion", orani"m" +an tap and utiliBe tat enery& *at4" not

to "ay tat a+tually appened, but eo+emi+al rea+tion" tend to "upport metaboli+rea+tion"& $n a pedoeni+ pro+e"", you tend to et orani+" on te "ur(a+e layer but in te

lon run, very (e/ orani+" are pre"erved in te ro+", /i+ a" to do /it te early and

late pedoene"i"& *at in+lude" all "oil"& Maybe tere are oter +emi+al /ay" o(

ob"ervin tat&

6


47/66

6'on )rotBiner $t doe"n4t matter to me /eter tey /ere tran"ported or not, it4"

intere"tin eiter /ay&

6'& #& Eibrin Ma/rt provide" a++e"" to te +ru"t and above and /e +an (ollo/ te

evolution o( Mar"&

(5elin !hipple 30" confused a#out the constraint on the age$ ;ou eep stressing early

+arsFif these units) where o#served) are confor"a#le to the "odern topography that

i"plies huge levels of stripping$ !hy are these units not considered younger?

6Eibrin *at i" too di((i+ult to eplain rit no/ but $ /ill eplain it to you later i( you

/ant& *e pyllo"ili+ate" (ormed early in te i"tory o( Mar" and te "ul(ate" (ormed

"ub"eFuently&

Wednesday September !8th

+a%e Crater )resentations

2a/n S(mner

unit does

not appear to have craters$

I7


48/66

6en dett *ere4" a lot more to ti" mound and it" "tory tat /e +an pre"ent in ;0

minute"& !e (o+u"ed on te /or tat MS +an do in te (ir"t +ouple Mar" year"&

(Livio 2orna#ene Of all the sites) Gale has a considera#le a"ount of dust$ Can the

instru"ents on +SL deal with that?

6Da/n Sumner *e du"t inde i" lo/er on te bottom part o( te mound& *e rea"on too to )ale i" te +ombined "tratirapy and "pe+tral "inature"& *ere i" "o mu+ to do at

te bottom o( te "ta+ /ere it4" relatively du"t-(ree +ompared to te top it /ill be a

mira+le i( /e mae it to te top o( te "ta+T

*osh Banfie%d

*S and *HM$S

Sur(a+e type 1 and du"t

*op o( mound +overed /it du"t "ome du"t in landin ellip"e

ue"tion":

(*i" Rice id you do any at"ospheric correction for the low elevation of the ellipse?6'o" Ean(ield !e +on+entrated on 9u"t te (loor out"ide o( te mound&

,a%ph Mi%%iken

CR3S+ view in Gale

Mineral Diver"ity: iron-ri+ "me+tite", 3e.M "me+tite", aluminum in o+taedral

"ite" o( "me+tite", potential miture" o( aluminum and iron "me+tite", mono andpolyydrated "ul(ate" 6mo"t liely mane"ium, miture" o( "me+tite" and

"ul(ate", iron oide", olivine

Correlation o( mineraloy to "tratirapi+ layer".bed"

Mineral a""emblae" vary trou "tratirapi+ "e+tion and tu" trou time


49/66

(9$ Poulet ;our spectra for sulfate is very controversial$

6Galp Millien $ aree tat it4" not a" +lear, but i( you do te +ontinual removal you et

te true band +enter& Nou et te drop in re(le+tan+e tat i" +ommon (or "ul(ate"& *e"pe+tra +learly map" out a" "ul(ate" in te te+tra+olor& Nou ave te /ater (eature and te

drop o(( in re(le+tan+e&

(*ac +ustard !hat is the #and at @$@ "icrons? 3 agree that the $A and @$ a#sorptions

are right) #ut what is the odd concave feature #etween these a#sorptions?

6Galp Millien #erap" ti" (eature i" mied 6po""ibly /it du"t& Eut /en /e dono/, tey ave mu+ +learer "ul(ate "inature"&

6 *e pre"en+e o( +al+ium interbedded /it "me+tite" ive" you ma""ive amorpou"

bed" in"tead o( tin, /ell-+ry"talliBed pre"entation&

6 *ere i" no eviden+e o( +al+ium&

6Galp Millien !e ave diver"e mineraloy and miture" o( +lay" and "ul(ate", andyou4re liely "amplin diver"e environment"&

(? Could the calciu" still #e there? 2hat would affect preservation$

6Galp Millien !e don4t "ee +al+ium, but tat doe"n4t mean tat tey aren4t tere&

(*ac +ustard 2he "ineral signatures appear to #e weaer co"pared to signaturesfro" other sites$

6Galp Millien *e "inature" are de(initely tere, but $ aree, tey are /eaer tan

oter "ite"& ven in Meridiani, /e no/ (rom pportunity tat tere i" ;5? "ul(ate in tero+" but /e don4t "ee tat "inature (rom orbit& *e abundan+e" +an be very i, very

lo/ or any/ere in bet/een&

6'a+ Mu"tard !ell, tat about +over" it&

Brad Thompson

Stratigraphy at the Gale Crater Landing Site

#o"itive relie( (ra+ture "y"tem"

o/er mound layer" 10 to ;0 meter" ti+

o Apparent "lope about 2 deree"

pper mound layer" about ; to 7 meter" ti+

o Apparent "lope" o( 5 to 10 deree"

)eometry o( upper unit +onta+t not +on"i"tent /it la+u"trine depo"it 6"ome

aeolian in(luen+e Morpoloi+ally diver"e pre"ented di((eren+e" o( upper and lo/er mound

)ale (ormed in te late


50/66

on "edimentary re+ord +apture" environmental +ane" durin depo"ition

Ae +ontet:

o Continuin ero"ion

o nlappin valley net/or depo"it" on +rater (loor

o $nterior +annel depo"it"

o Depo"ition o( upper mound layer"o Depo"ition iatu".ero"ional epi"ode

o Depo"ition o( lo/er mound layer"

o )ale impa+t 6late


51/66

(&ethany Ehl"ann 2he ri" of Gale is well%preserved$ 7re there any inflow or ouflow

channels? 3s it reasona#le to say that the source of alteration was ground water anddelivery of sedi"ents the result of aeolian processes?

6Erad *omp"on *ere are many "mall in(lo/ valley" 6on te rim& !e ave not done a

ma"" balan+e +al+ulation "o $ +an4t determine te role o( round /ater&6en dett $n re"pon"e to Eetany4" Fue"tion, $ don4t no/ /eter tere /a" a lae

tere& Nou ave to eep in mind tat te valley" tat delivered material to te mound

mit al"o be eroded& *i" i" a +ommon "tory all over te planet&

6Eetany lmann !e al"o "ee many +rater" /it in(lo/ and out(lo/ +annel"&

6 *e i""ue /it )ale i" to prove /eter it4" la+u"trine& *ere i" no dire+t +onne+tion

to a depo"itional environment ere&

6'a+ Mu"tard *ere i" a +lear "our+e-to-"in "ituation in ber"/alde, (or eample, but

in )ale tere i" no +lear +onne+tion bet/een te +annel" and te "ediment&

6Da/n Sumner *e advantae ere i" tat )ale a" a ue "tratirapi+ "e+tion& Eut it i"

impo""ible to identi(y lae depo"it" /itin te "tratirapy (rom orbit& !e ave anoppo"ite problem ere /e +an te"t ti" (rom te rover by looin at "edimentary

"tru+ture", di"tribution o( mineral", et+& 3or eample, i( tere /a" a playa lae, /e /ould

"ee mud +ra+"& $( it /ere a deeper lae environment, /e /ould loo (or turbidite"& !e+an4t develop a (a+ie" model (rom orbit& $t i" a lare


52/66

looin at it (rom orbit& Eut tere i" a 5 m-ti+ "ta+ o( layer" tat repre"ent" a lare

portion o( te eoloi+ i"tory o( Mar"&

(*i" Rice 3s there a fan associated with the =grand canyon> in Gale?

6en dett in Gale) right?

6en dett


53/66

6Dave !e are limited and it4" le"" tan per(e+t& !e +an tell a lot, e"pe+ially i( /e +an

(ind a "me+tite" in te a""emblae& !e +an4t tell /eter tey are bi or tri-o+taedral but

/e +an tell di((eren+e" bet/een ma9or +la""e" and oter pyllo"ili+ate" lie aolinite&6Galp Millien Nou ave di((erent "me+tite" /it di((erent +ation" 6M, 3e, Al in

o+taedral "ite"&

(Steve Ruff !hat are the ellipse science possi#ilities? 2his is the dustiest site$ !hy was it

chosen? 7nd if the rover never leaves the ellipse) what co"pelling science are we going

to get?

6en dett *e landin ellip"e /a" po"itioned tere be+au"e it4" te only pla+e to put

an ellip"e tat ive" you a++e"" to mound and it4" (ree o( "and "eet"& *e point o(

landin in )ale i" to et to te mound& $t4" a ne/ ri" to ave a Jo to4 "ite&

6 $n term" o( @o to ver"u" @non-o to "ite", $ +on"ider it an advantae to move a/ay

(rom landin "ite to et a/ay (rom te plume a""o+iated /it landin& $t i" part o( te

reFuirement o( te mi""ion to do traver"e", "o in /eiin te ri" and bene(it, it4" /ortte ri"&

6'on )rant Nou need to et about 100 m a/ay to di"tan+e te rover (rom te landinplume&

(&ryan ,yne !hat is the consensus on the age of the "ound?6Galp Millien $ did not mean to imply tat te entire i"tory o( Mar" i" repre"ented in

)ale& !e ave to"e mineral" in a "tratirapi+ "e+tion but don4t no/ te ae"&

6en dett $ doubt tat tere are di"tin+t era" o( +emi+al alteration& He"peria #lanum

didn4t undero tat mu+ ero"ion, "o it a" to be older& !at doe" it mean /en you oup-"e+tion and ave mineral +ane" *e mound i" "et up to an"/er te"e type" o(

Fue"tion" you ave a++e"" to te tran"ition"&

6Matt )olombe )ale +rater it"el( i"


54/66

(+ichelle o so"e sites have a #etter age constraint?

6Matt )olombe Ne", "ome "ite" ave dire+t +rater +ount", lie Ma/rt& *e mound in

)ale doe"n4t provide +on"traint"&6aleb 3o""et Ae +on"traint" vary amon all te propo"ed "ite"& *e mound in )ale i"

+ompletely up in te air& Holden a" marer time" be+au"e te Bboi brea+ +ut" a /ell-

dated +rater& Some "ite" ave better +on"traint" tan oter"&

6Erad *omp"on *e idea tat te ae o( te depo"it" in )ale are AmaBonian i"

ridi+ulou"&

6Galp Millien !e /ant to tap into a" many eo+emi+al event" a" po""ible& )ale i"

+emi+ally diver"e and a" a ue "ta+ o( material"&

(? 3s there any #ase"ent or "ega#reccia in Gale?

6Galp Millien $ ave not "een any&

6Al(red M+/en *e +entral pea mit be epo"ed in te "out "ide o( mound&

6en dett *ere i" a +an+e tat te (an in ellip"e in+orporated and tran"ported /allro+&

6*im #arer eep in mind tat pportunity a" one t/enty time" loner tan it"

de"in&

6Al(red M+/en *e amount o( "tru+tural upli(t (or tat +rater tat "iBe mit be more

tan 10 m but te upli(t i" draped by youner "ediment"&

Open 2isc(ssion of A%% )roposed Landing Sites

(? !hich sites can you drive up%section? ,ow "uch of a stratigraphic section can wesa"ple?

6Matt )olombe 3or all @o-to "ite", it4" po""ible to drive up te "tratirapi+ pa+ae&

6'im Gi+e 150 m in ber"/alde6ldar


55/66

6Horton Nou /ould epe+t to "ee ydrotermal e((e+t" around rim" o( te"e lare

+rater"& )ale, te rim o( )ale, Holden, Holden4" +entral upli(t and Miyamoto& *ere i"n4t

a lot o( data +overae&6'im Gi+e ber"/alde a" /ell be+au"e it i" 7 m in diameter&

6ivio *ornabene Ne", you +an mae te "ame arument (or ber"/alde&

(*i" &ell People have done a great :o# on evaluating each siteH Can you tal through

the rationale for spectral detection? Can you co""ent on longer wavelengths where

there are diagnostic #ands?6Eetany lmann Spe+tra ave parti+ular ab"orption" at parti+ular pla+e"& *e 2&5

mi+ron ab"orption and it" "lope and te (errou" "lope 6a broad "lope do/n to one mi+ron&

planation o( ratioed and un-ratioed "pe+tra& At te


56/66

6Eetany !e are very +on(ident tat te"e mineral "inature" are di"tin+t& *ere i"

+arbonate ere be+au"e o( te intera+tion o( /ater /it olivine&

6Comment:


57/66

one i" "olar, one i" blind, oter" are narro/ band (ilter"& Eot ave ue bu((er you +an

tae movie" i( you /ant& imited remote "en"in mineral di"+rimination +apability&

GAD 6Gadiation a""e""ment dete+tor: Atmo"peri+ in"trument looin at radiation and

"olar enery parti+le"& Mea"ure albedo and ydroen ratio depo"it" on "ur(a+e&

6A"/in 6DA


58/66

6'on )rotBiner *ere i" notin tat $ /ant to prevent more tan to "ay /e are oin

to (ind bio-"inature on Mar"& *e +an+e tat ti" appen" i" really "mall be+au"e it

doe"n4t /or on art very o(ten& n Mar", it4" only arder& ur oal o( te mi""ion i" toinve"tiate abitable environment" and te in"trument" /ill allo/ u" to a" Fue"tion"

about taponomi+ /indo/"& A(ter di"+u""ion and votin, /ant ma9ority o( people to (eel

appy /it any o( te "ite" above te bar& $""ue o( pre"ervation i" a little more a++e""ible&Can mae ob"ervation" about mineral" u"ed to pre"erve tin"& !eitin "ould be

more on +ontet and diver"ity mo"t important (or pi+in a ood (ield area& Z)o over

Fue"tion" (or votin[& $" it really 9u"t an i""ue o( abundan+e to +ara+teriBe diver"itySpa+e and time i" important (or relative +ronoloy& !en bioma"" i" pre"erved on eart,

mineral" /e "ee better be +ontemporaneou" /it time orani+" are tere& $( mineral"

+ome a(ter orani+", /e ave a po"t-depo"itional alteration event& Do /e /ant tat $(

(luid" in +ra+", are mineral" /e "ee +ontemporaneou" /it orani+" *aponomi+/indo/ i" important ere& Can timin be relatively e"tabli"ed !e may not no/ tat

(or any o( te"e "ite"& Mo"t people tin about oidiBin i""ue, but did /e tin about

i /ater.ro+ ration i""ue Additional /ater a(ter orani+" trapped i" not a ood tin&

6: !at doe" a reen mean on la"t point $" it detrimental or not

6'on )rant $n term" o( te di"+u""ion o( te"e "ite" and te uideline" (or votin, te

"+ien+e +ommunity doe" not @pi+ te landin "ite& *e #S) and *e #ro9e+t tae our

input and re+ommend" te "ite, and it4"


59/66


60/66

6'on )rotBiner $ tin te epert" on ea+ "ite "ould ave to "/ap and promote

di((erent "ite"T

6'a+ Mu"tard $ don4t tin tat te e((ort put into te"e "ite" /ill be lo"t, but perap"

MG re"our+e" "ould be dire+ted to/ard (uture mi""ion"&

6Matt )olombe


61/66

$nverted +annel" on top o( pyllo"ili+ate depo"it"

Diver"e mineraloy to ea"t 6"ul(ate" and +lorite" /ell to te /e"t

ue"tion":

(? ,as anyone considered the uplin situation with Opportunity in the sa"e place?6Matt )olombe $ don4t tin "o, but tat "ouldn4t be an i""ue&

So(th Meridiani


62/66


63/66

6'on )rant An alluvial (an i" a delta& *ere are +ertainly (an delta" related to a ier

enery event 6e&& Bboi di"+are in Holden&

Ma/rth 6a%%es


64/66

6ded *e oriin o( te layered mound in )ale i" "ue"ted to be aFueou" but aeolian

pro+e""e" +an4t be ruled out& Aeolian pro+e""e" ere mit even be more liely due to

la+ o( morpoloi+al eviden+e "u+ a" valley" and rim di""e+tion& *i" i" a terri(i+ "ite/it mineral diver"ity /it a++e"" to many material", but te mineraloy mit not be

indi+ative o( te environment&

6en dett *ere are lot" o( +rater on Mar" tat ave been (illed and eumed& $( any

o( te"e ind" o( pla+e" /ere lae", o/ /ould /e ever no/ /itout oin tere nly

ber"/alde i" a +ertain lae environment& !en are /e oin to te"t ti" ypote"i"

6Hu !it te time"+ale" /e ave ere, tere4" time to "eal lateral permeability&

6'on )rotBiner $ don4t tin it4" pro(itable to /orry about tran"port o( altered materialv"& alteration o( material in "itu& Gater, i( you ave to"e mineral", /at ay +ould you

mae /it te payload

6 $ ave not "een eviden+e o( "tandin /ater at any o( te propo"ed "ite"&

6'a+ Mu"tard 2,


65/66

(? 2han you for putting up the PowerPoint presentations so rapidly on "arsowe#$

6'on )rant )inny )uli+ and *rent Hare are re"pon"ible (or tat&

(*ac +ustard Can we go #ac to the =fever chart> for a "inute? 2he first seven

8uestions are the ones that should "ae a significant difference) whereas the last A8uestions relate to ha#ita#ility and preservation$

6Matt )olombe ven i( you only loo at te (ir"t "even Fue"tion", te re"ult" on te

(ever +art are "till te "ame a" te overall trend&6'on )rant *e di((eren+e bet/een \; and \I are "mall and mit "/it+ pla+e"& Eut

te di((eren+e bet/een \1 and \7 i" real, a" i" te di((eren+e bet/een \2 and \&

(Steve Ruff 2he voting process forces our views into the views e-pressed on the feverchart$ !hy didn0t we ran these sites %I in ter"s of our personal preference? ;ou0re

forced to respond to each 8uestion that "ay not #e ger"ane to how you factor the vote$

6Matt )olombe !e /anted a more "y"temati+ vote ba"ed on te oal" o( te mi""ion&

(Steve Ruff !hat "ore did we learn and how will that ulti"ately affect the fever chart?

6'on )rant !e +an4t ive you an an"/er to tat& *at /a" te rea"on (or po"tin te"eFue"tion" be(ore te /or"op&

6Matt )olombe !e are not intere"ted in your (avorite "ite& !e are intere"ted in o/

you tin ea+ "ite relate" to te oal" o( te mi""ion&

6Horton


66/66

6!atin" !e don4t no/ ea+tly o/ it4" oin to play out at ti" point& *ere /ill be

more in(ormation and /e4ll tae it a" it +ome"&

6'on )rant Steve, you4re rit i( it4" literal& Eut /e4re not "plittin air" tat (inely at

ti" point& $ don4t tin tat /ould ave altered /ere te"e "ite" ended up&

(Charles ,ow can you differentiate #etween ,olden and E#erswalde?

6'on )rant $t4" oin to ave to appen, but /e are not avin tat +onver"ation rit

no/& $t4" not 9u"t te #S) input, tey /ill put a layer over te top o( ti"&

(Charles !ith two sites at the sa"e latitude) would you want to vote #etween the"?

6'on )rant *e +ommunity (eel" tat bot ber"/alde and Holden are +ompellin and

/i+ever one oe" (or/ard /ill be oay&

(+ichael !ere there any that were diverged in the vote? &i"odal votes?

6Matt )olombe

Documents

Third MSL Workshop Notes FINAL