TitaniumMartina Tycová

Tereza Mlatečková

Discovery of titanium

• was discovered by William Gregor in 1791

• first was named by Martin Klaprothem in 1795

• is never found in elemental form (only in alloys and compounds)

OccurrenceTitanium is seventh most widespread metal in earth crust.

Titanium is included in minerals.

ilmenit FeTiO3 rutil TiO2

widespread – rozšířený crust - kůra

ilmenit FeTiO3

crystal structures

perowskitCaTiO3

rutilTiO2

Properties

• hard, light, tenacious, resistent to extremes of temperature, corrosion and salt water

• soluble in concentrate acids and insoluble in water

• extremely brittle, malleable, ductile• strong as steel, but lighter; twice

strong than aluminium

tenacious – houževnatý malleable – kujný ductile – tažný brittle - křehký

Name Titanium

Symbol Ti

Atomic number 22

Atomic mass 47,867

Melting point 1660°C

Boiling point 3287°C

Crystal structure hexagonal

Color silverish

Industrial production

TiCl4 + 2Mg -> Ti + 2MgCl2

CompoundsTiO2 - known as titanium white

- used for white covering pigment TiCl4 –interproduct of manufacture of

elementary titanium

Usage• for alloys – aluminium, molybdenon,

manganese, iron and other metals• solar observatories• paint as excellent reflector of infrared

radiation• missiles, space capsules (=Apollo)• aircraft – components, engines, fire walls,

outer skin, airframes

missile – řízená střela engine – motorairframe – kostra letadla capsule – kabina

• surgery - replacement for joints, bone

and cartilage

- pipe and tank lining in food processing - teeth

replacement - náhrada cartilage - chrupavkajoints - klouby tank lining – vložka do žaludku

• jewellery – rings, earrings, watches..

• dishes – pans, frying pans, pot, saucepan

• other usage – gun, spanner, spigot..

spigot – pípa spanner - klíč

Thanks for your attention