TITLE: FORESTS AND TITLE: FORESTS AND WILDLIFEWILDLIFE

AUTHOR’S NAME: DHANYA MANOORAUTHOR’S NAME: DHANYA MANOORAFFILIATION: STUDENT AFFILIATION: STUDENT

(10(10THTH STANDARD, VIKASA HIGHSTANDARD, VIKASA HIGH SCHOOLSCHOOL))ADDRESS: VIKASA HIGH SCHOOL, ADDRESS: VIKASA HIGH SCHOOL,

ALKOLA, SHIVAMOGGA 577204ALKOLA, SHIVAMOGGA 577204

FORESTS:FORESTS:

Generally saying Generally saying FORESTSFORESTS are the large are the large areas covered thickly with plants and trees.. areas covered thickly with plants and trees..

TROPICAL EVER GREEN TROPICAL EVER GREEN FORESTSFORESTS

TROPICAL DECIDUOUS TROPICAL DECIDUOUS FORESTSFORESTS

TROPICAL THORN AND SHRUB TROPICAL THORN AND SHRUB FORESTS:FORESTS:

These forests are found where rain fall is These forests are found where rain fall is between 60 and 75 between 60 and 75 cmscms. These forests have . These forests have short stem treesshort stem treesBabul , Kasvi ,coarse grass ,palms and Kikar Babul , Kasvi ,coarse grass ,palms and Kikar trees are found trees are found

DESERT VEGETATIONDESERT VEGETATION

MANGROOVE FORESTSMANGROOVE FORESTS

HIMALAYAN OR ALPINE HIMALAYAN OR ALPINE VEGETATIONVEGETATION

IMPORTANCE OF FORESTSIMPORTANCE OF FORESTS1.1. They provide raw materials to Industry They provide raw materials to Industry 2.2. They provide food, fodder, fuel, fertilizer and They provide food, fodder, fuel, fertilizer and fibrefibre..3.3. They prevent soil erosion and preserve the fertility of theThey prevent soil erosion and preserve the fertility of the

soil.soil.4.4. They provide moisture and lower the temperature.They provide moisture and lower the temperature.5.5. They are the home for many animals and birds, thus , They are the home for many animals and birds, thus ,

they preserve the biodiversity.they preserve the biodiversity.6.6. They maintain the ecological balance.They maintain the ecological balance.

DEPLETIONDEPLETION OF FORESTSOF FORESTS

•• Large scale cutting of trees for different Large scale cutting of trees for different purposes like Industries.purposes like Industries.

•• Over grazing by cattle.Over grazing by cattle.•• Irrigation and power projects.Irrigation and power projects.•• Forest fire, floods etc.Forest fire, floods etc.

CONSERVATIONCONSERVATION OFOF FORESTSFORESTS

1.1. Nationalization of forest operationsNationalization of forest operations2. Protection and operation of wild life and 2. Protection and operation of wild life and

environment.environment.3.3. Commercialization of Industrial forest operation.Commercialization of Industrial forest operation.4.4. Raising the forest area to 33.3% of land of India.Raising the forest area to 33.3% of land of India.5.5. Social forestrySocial forestry

SOME OF THE FACTS SOME OF THE FACTS REGARDING THESE FORESTSREGARDING THESE FORESTSForests in India that constitutes about 2% of Forests in India that constitutes about 2% of the Worldthe World’’s total area cover 22.8% of the land.s total area cover 22.8% of the land.

Arunchal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh have Arunchal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh have the largest and the denser forest area in India.the largest and the denser forest area in India.

Haryana has the lowest forest area.Haryana has the lowest forest area.

WILD LIFEWILD LIFE

WILD LIFEWILD LIFE means the native animals of a means the native animals of a region. region.

NEELGAINEELGAI

SWAMP DEERSWAMP DEER

CHAUSINGACHAUSINGA

ENDANGERED SPECIESENDANGERED SPECIES

These are the species, which are in danger of These are the species, which are in danger of extinction and which may not survive if the extinction and which may not survive if the adverse factors continue to rotate.adverse factors continue to rotate.

VULNERABLE SPECIESVULNERABLE SPECIES

The species likely to move into the endangered The species likely to move into the endangered category in the near future if the causal adverse category in the near future if the causal adverse factors continue to operatefactors continue to operate

RARE SPECIESRARE SPECIES

These are the species with small populationThese are the species with small population in in the world and are at riskthe world and are at risk

THREATENED SPECIESTHREATENED SPECIES

These are Species, which are in any one of the These are Species, which are in any one of the Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare Species Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare Species categoriescategories

THREATENED REPTILES, BIRDS AND THREATENED REPTILES, BIRDS AND

MAMMALS OF INDIAMAMMALS OF INDIA

AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES BIRDS MAMMALS

SalamanderMarsh CrocodileEstuarine CrocodileGharial

The Great Indian BustardThe white winged wood duck

Capped langurTigerLionLeopardSnow leopardGolden CatFishing catSloth bearDesert Cat

TIGER SNOW LEOPARDTIGER SNOW LEOPARD

FISHING CATFISHING CAT

MARSHY CROCODILEMARSHY CROCODILE

GREAT INDIAN GREAT INDIAN BUSTARDBUSTARD

WHITE WINGED WOOD DUCKWHITE WINGED WOOD DUCK

REASONS FOR DEPLETION OF REASONS FOR DEPLETION OF WILD LIFEWILD LIFE

1. Absence of shelter to wild animals.1. Absence of shelter to wild animals.2.2. Deforestation Deforestation 3. Destruction of wild plants which affects 3. Destruction of wild plants which affects

the survival of wild life the survival of wild life 4. Pollution4. Pollution

NECESSITY FOR WILD LIFE CONSERVATION

1.1. The wild life helps us in maintaining balance The wild life helps us in maintaining balance of nature.of nature.

2.2. It can increase our foreign exchange if linked It can increase our foreign exchange if linked with tourism.with tourism.

3.3. The preservation of wild life helps to make The preservation of wild life helps to make their study easy.their study easy.

4.4. The wild life of India is our cultural asset and The wild life of India is our cultural asset and had deep rooted effect on Indian art, sculpture had deep rooted effect on Indian art, sculpture and religion.and religion.

MODES OF WILD LIFE MODES OF WILD LIFE CONSERVATIONCONSERVATION

Protection by lawProtection by lawProtected species of Indian wild lifeProtected species of Indian wild lifeEstablishment of Sanctuaries and National park Establishment of Sanctuaries and National park Natural habitates of wild life should be carefully Natural habitates of wild life should be carefully protectedprotectedShooting and hunting of endangered species should Shooting and hunting of endangered species should be totally bannedbe totally bannedResearch on wildlife should be encouragedResearch on wildlife should be encouragedPublic should be educatedPublic should be educated

NATIONAL PARKS IN NATIONAL PARKS IN KARNATAKAKARNATAKA

BandipurBandipurBannerghattaBannerghattaNagaraholeNagaraholeKudermukhKudermukhAnashiAnashi

National parksNational parks of Karnatakaof Karnataka

SANCTURIES IN KARNATAKASANCTURIES IN KARNATAKA

AdichunchanagiriAdichunchanagiriArabithittuArabithittuAttiveriAttiveriDarojiDarojiGudaviGudaviRanganathittuRanganathittuShettihalliShettihalliMookambikaMookambikaGhataprabhaGhataprabha