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Tropical forests and water flows: from small watersheds to the pantropics “Functional Value of Biodiversity” Project with support from World Bank Netherlands Partnership Program “FVOB” is a component of ASB’s crosscutting assessment “Forest and Agroecosystem Tradeoffs in the Humid Tropics” a sub-global component of

Tropical forests and water flows: from small watersheds to the pantropics “Functional Value of Biodiversity” Project with support from World Bank Netherlands

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  • Tropical forests and water flows: from small watersheds to the pantropics Functional Value of Biodiversity Project with support fromWorld Bank Netherlands Partnership Program

    FVOB is a component of ASBs crosscutting assessment Forest and Agroecosystem Tradeoffs in the Humid Tropicsa sub-global component of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA)

  • Team members Jeffrey Richey, UWEllen Douglas & Charles Vrsmarty, UNHKate Sebastian & Stanley Wood, IFPRIKenneth Chomitz, DECRGMeine van Noordwijk & Thomas Tomich, ICRAFplus other team members not here todayplus contributions of others not directly involved in this project

    nn

  • OverviewIntroductionIntegrated assessment of real concerns FrameworkMicro scaleMeso scalePantropic scaleConclusions

  • The ASB MatrixTP Tomich

  • ASB Matrix for the Forest Margins of SumatraTP Tomich

    Land use

    Global environment

    Agronomic sustainability

    National policymakers concerns

    Adoptability by smallholders

    Description

    Scale of operation / evaluation

    Carbon

    sequestra-tion

    Biodiversity

    Plot-level production sustainability

    Potential profitability

    Employment

    Production incentives

    House-hold food security

    Institutional & policy issues

    Time averaged (MT/ha/yr)

    Above-Ground

    species / modi ratio

    Overall rating

    Main sustain-ability issues (1)

    Returns to land

    (Rp 000 / ha) at social prices

    Time averaged labor input (days/ha/yr)

    Returns to Labor

    (Rp / day) at private prices

    Food entitle-ment

    via:

    Market imper-fections (2)

    Other institutional problems (3)

    Natural forest

    25 ha fragment / 1 ha

    254

    2.78

    1

    0

    0

    0

    n.a.

    Community-based forest management

    35,000 ha common forest

    / 1 ha

    176

    2.74

    1

    9.4 to 18

    0.2 to 0.4

    11,000 to 12,000

    own prodn & exchange

    o

    N, R, P, C

    Commercial logging

    35,000 ha concession / 1 ha

    150

    2.84

    0.5

    C

    (32) to 1,500

    5

    (20,000) to (4,400)

    wages

    O, K

    N, R, E, P, B, C

    Rubber agroforest

    1-5 ha plots / 1 ha

    116

    2.08

    0.5

    C

    73

    111

    4,000

    exchange

    P, b, c

    Rubber agroforest w/ clonal planting material

    1-5 ha plots / 1 ha

    103

    0.5

    C,K,W,P

    230 to 3,600

    150

    3,900 to 6,900

    exchange

    I, k

    N, P, b, c

    Rubber monoculture

    1-5 ha plots / 1 ha

    97

    1.86

    0.5

    C,W,P

    (990)

    133

    1800

    exchange

    I, k

    N, P, b, c

    Oil palm monoculture

    35,000 ha estate

    / 1 ha

    91

    1.18

    0.5

    C,Fert

    2500

    108

    8,600

    wages

    I, o, K

    N, R, e, P, B, c

    Upland rice / bush fallow rotation

    1-2 ha plots / 1 ha

    74

    1.39

    0.5

    Fert,P

    (180) to 53

    15 to 25

    2,700 to 3,300

    own production

    n, P, c

    Continuous cassava degrading to Imperata

    1-2 ha plots within settlement project / 1 ha

    39

    1.1

    0

    C,Fert,W

    (700) to (1,700)

    63 to 73

    1,800 to 3,300

    own prodn & exchange

    o, K

    n, E, p, c

  • Strong coincidence of watershed functions, biodiversity and poverty alleviation agendasLittle overlap, separate attention for watershed_functions*poverty and biodiversity* poverty

  • Tropical Forest Biomes

  • River Basins Containing Tropical Forest Biomes

  • Population density within the pan-tropic basins

  • Share of pre-industrial land cover converted by 1992/93 (Contemporary)Conversion is the sum of agricultural (cropland and pasture rainfed & irrigated) and urban land cover contained in the contemporary land cover.

  • Table 1. Measurability of land use impacts by basin size (Kiersch and Tognetti, 2002) x = Measurable impact; = No measurable impact___________________________________________________Impact Type Basin size [km2]0.1 1 10 102 103 104 105_____________________________________________________________________________________Thermal regimex x Pathogens xxxAverage flow x x x x Peak flowx x x xBase flowx x x x Groundwater recharge x x x x Organic matter x x x x Sediment load x x x x Nutrients x x x x x Salinity x x x x x x xPesticides x x x x x x xHeavy metals xxx x xx x1.Is there simply a lack of data here?2. Are LU impacts on this group of functions really restricted to small areas?3. Do we understand why this could be so?4. What does it mean for upland-lowland interactions?

  • Watershedfunctions1. Transmit water2. Buffer peak rain events3. Release gradually4. Maintain quality5. Reduce mass wastingSite cha- racteristicsRainfallLand formSoil typeRooting depth (natural vegetation)RelevantforDownstream water users,esp. living in floodplains & river beds, w.o. storageor purification

  • stem-flowthrough-fallrainfallcloudinterceptionlateraloutflowpercolationrechargeinfiltrationsurfaceevaporationtranspirationcanopy waterevaporationuptakequick-flowbaseflow{the treesthe soilWhat matters most in a forest:the landscape?

  • Looking at the water balance in summary terms:and understanding it from a summation of event-level processes:We need models to keep track of the various interaction terms.

  • Hydrological null-model

    Chart6

    10252501225

    1325250925

    5757501175

    3251250925

    2512501225

    5257501225

    Slow flows

    Quick flow

    EvapTrans

    Stage in land use change

    Fraction ofr annual rainfall

    1stStepTotWatYieldInc

    Annual rainfall,Typical water use of natural forest vegetationTotal water yield,Typical water use of agricultural cropsTotal water yield,Range of differences in vegetation water use,Maximum relative increase in total water yield of catchment after forest conversion

    00

    500400100225275-200 0175500

    1000775225475525-300 01331000

    15001000500700800-300 0601500

    200011508008501150-300 035

    2500122512759251575-300 024

    3000125017509502050-300 017

    3500122522759252575-300 013

    4000120028009003100-300 011

    Elementary calculations of the impactys of a change in vegetation water use and run-off fractions on tital water yield, quick flows (linked to surface runoff) and slow flows (linked to infiltration into the soil)

    1stStepTotWatYieldInc

    Typical water use of natural forest vegetation

    Typical water use of agricultural crops

    rainfall

    Annual rainfall, mm year-1

    Water use, mm year -1

    2ndStepSlowFlowDec

    Annual rainfall,Typical water use of natural forest vegetationTotal water yield,Typical water use of agricultural cropsTotal water yield,Range of differences in vegetation water use,Maximum relative increase in total water yield of catchment after forest conversionNatural forestSlowFlow ~ Increase in runoff fractionForest quickflowQuickflow ~ Increase in runoff fraction

    0.100.10.20.30.40.500.10.20.30.40.5

    500400100225275-200 0175502251751257525-255050100150200250300

    1000775225475525-300 013312542532522512525-75100100200300400500600

    15001000500700800-300 06035065050035020050-100150150300450600750900

    200011508508501150-300 035650950750550350150-5020020040060080010001200

    2500122512759251575-300 02410251325107582557532575250250500750100012501500

    3000125017509502050-300 0171450175014501150850550250300300600900120015001800

    3500122522759252575-300 013192522251875152511758254753503507001050140017502100

    4000120028009003100-300 0112400270023001900150011007004004008001200160020002400

    Annual rainfall,Typical water use of natural forest vegetationTotal water yield,Typical water use of agricultural cropsTotal water yield,Range of differences in vegetation water use,Maximum relative increase in total water yield of catchment after forest conversionNatural forestSlowFlow ~ Increase in runoff fractionForest quickflowQuickflow ~ Increase in runoff fraction

    0.300.10.20.30.40.500.10.20.30.40.5

    500400100200300-200 0200-50150100500-50-100150150200250300350400

    1000800200500500-300 0150-1002001000-100-200-300300300400500600700800

    15001050450750750-300 06703001500-150-300-45045045060075090010501200

    200011508508501150-300 035250550350150-50-250-4506006008001000120014001600

    2500122512759001600-300 025525850600350100-150-40075075010001250150017502000

    3000125017509502050-300 0178501150850550250-50-35090090012001500180021002400

    3500122522759252575-300 013122515251175825475125-2251050105014001750210024502800

    4000120028009003100-300 0111600190015001100700300-1001200120016002000240028003200

    rainfall

    Maximum relative increase in total water yield of catchment after forest conversion

    Annual rainfall, mm year-1

    Increase in total water yield, %

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    2ndStepSlowFlowDec

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    0

    0.1

    0.2

    0.3

    0.4

    Natural forest

    Annual rainfall, mm year-1

    Slow flows, mm year-1

    3rdStepTotSlowFlowReforestation

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    Increase in run-off fraction

    0

    0.1

    0.2

    0.3

    0.4

    Natural forest

    Annual rainfall, mm year-1

    River quick flow, mm year-1

    Summary

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    0

    0.1

    0.2

    0.3

    0.4

    Natural forest

    Annual rainfall, mm year-1

    River quick flow, mm year-1

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    000000

    0

    0.1

    0.2

    0.3

    0.4

    Natural forest

    Annual rainfall, mm year-1

    Slow flows, mm year-1

    Forest water use0.5DeltaInfiltrationRelative change in slow flowDeltaInfiltrationRelative change in quick flow

    RainfallCumSlowFlow00.10.20.300.10.20.3CumQuickflow00.10.20.300.10.20.3

    50040022525-175-125-75-25-700.00-500.00-300.00-100.00250.000-50-100-1500.00-20.00-40.00-60.00

    100077547525-300-200-1000-1200.00-800.00-400.000.00500.000-100-200-3000.00-20.00-40.00-60.00

    1500100070050-300-1500150-600.00-300.000.00300.00750.000-150-300-4500.00-20.00-40.00-60.00

    20001150850150-300-100100300-200.00-66.6766.67200.001000.000-200-400-6000.00-20.00-40.00-60.00

    25001225925325-300-50200450-92.31-15.3861.54138.461250.000-250-500-7500.00-20.00-40.00-60.00

    30001250950550-3000300600-54.550.0054.55109.091500.000-300-600-9000.00-20.00-40.00-60.00

    35001225925825-30050400750-36.366.0648.4890.911750.000-350-700-10500.00-20.00-40.00-60.00

    400012009001100-300100500900-27.279.0945.4581.822000.000-400-800-12000.00-20.00-40.00-60.00

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    Reduction in runoff

    0

    0.1

    0.2

    0.3

    Rainfall, mm year-1

    Change in Quick Flow, mm year-1

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    Aa

    0

    0.1

    0.2

    0.3

    Rainfall, mm year-1

    Change in Slow Flow, mm year-1

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0

    0.1

    0.2

    0.3

    Rainfall, mm year-1

    Reforestation effect on quick flow, %

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0

    0.1

    0.2

    0.3

    Rainfall, mm year-1

    Reforestation effect on slow flow, %

    0.10.10.30.50.50.3

    Slow flowsForestAfter conversionInitial degradationSerious degradationAfter reforestationLong term rehab

    500 mm year-1502257525-150-50

    100012542512525-275-75

    150035065020050-25050

    2000650950350150-150250

    25001025132557532525525

    300014501750850550250850

    Quick flows

    5005050150250250.00150.00

    1000100100300500500.00300.00

    1500150150450750750.00450.00

    200020020060010001000.00600.00

    250025025075012501250.00750.00

    300030030090015001500.00900.00

    EvapTrans

    500400225275225400400

    1000775475575475775775

    1500100070085070010001000

    20001150850105085011501150

    25001225925117592512251225

    30001250950125095012501250

    at 1500 mmat 2500 mm

    500 mm year-1

    1000

    1500

    2000

    2500

    3000

    Stage in land use change

    Slow flows, mm year-1

    n

    500

    1000

    1500

    2000

    2500

    3000

    Stage in land use change

    Quick flow, mm year-1

    Slow flows

    Quick flow

    EvapTrans

    Stage in land use change

    Fraction ofr annual rainfall

    Slow flows

    Quick flow

    EvapTrans

    Stage in land use change

    Fraction ofr annual rainfall

  • TimeSpace(km2)HoursDaysWeeksMonthsYears1101001,00010,000100,000Nested, Overlapping Hydrologic Model CapabilitiesGENRIVER,DHSVMWANULCAS

    VIC

    WBM

    FALLOW

  • Way Besai (Indonesia), 2.5 m rainfall, 100 persons km-2 Mae Chaem (Thailand),1.5 m rainfall, 10 persons km-2 River flow Rainfall

    Chart1

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

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    000000000000000

    000000000000000

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    000000000000000

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    000000000000000

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    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    01.40000000000000.1

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    000000000000000

    000000000000000

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    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

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    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000100.0714285714

    000000000000000

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    002.8000000000000.2153846154

    000.9000000000000.0692307692

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    0000000000001.200.0857142857

    000000000000000

    0000000000001.500.1071428571

    0Mar / 1Mar / 1Mar / 10Mar / 1Mar / 1Mar / 10Mar / 1Mar / 1Mar / 10Mar / 10

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    00.60000000000000.0428571429

    000003.5000000000.25

    0.5000010.2000000000.7642857143

    01.30007.6000000000.6357142857

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    00000020000013.501.1071428571

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    0000007000000005

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    000300000000000.2142857143

    0001.5002100000001.6071428571

    0000.800000000000.0571428571

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    000000000009.4000.6714285714

    005000000000000.3571428571

    0000000001100000.7857142857

    00.600013.40000014.5002.0357142857

    0000003.500000000.25

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    01.300006.300000000.5428571429

    0000000000007.500.5357142857

    0000013.20018.2000002.2428571429

    12.400001.20000030.5003.15

    1.400000000008000.6714285714

    0000000006602.7004.9071428571

    0.5000000000003.500.2857142857

    20.203.7000000000001.7071428571

    7001.50000021006.502.5714285714

    0030.700000000000.2642857143

    01.28.2000003.70001.501.0428571429

    000006.1000000000.4357142857

    0000.5000010000000.75

    00000000039.500002.8214285714

    00023.20000030.500003.8357142857

    0010.48.500005.400026.203.6071428571

    000001.32.5041.822.2018.55.406.55

    26.2000.2000.505.8000002.3357142857

    5.207.53.8005.9000022.432.205.5

    008.70.509.63.10000036.504.1714285714

    8.501.41.501.2000000000.9

    0017.10004.800000421.9928571429

    32.8000002.63.5000050.51.26.4714285714

    002.1000027.84.4000883.5928571429

    26.600.8000028.812.50005.505.3

    10.607.800010.907000002.5928571429

    027.32.7000164.202.30023.25

    0.208.30001137.8000002.24.25

    08.84.5003.34.61020043005.0923076923

    014.827.1030818.40001613.307.1857142857

    033.15.119.511.54.25.21.6009.236513.512.85

    8.43.10.6000015.20007.47607.9071428571

    22.10400.601.112.30032.35.7441.48.8214285714

    22.51003.9023.20.820003.58.2206.7214285714

    4.41.221.20019.17.60000018.23.65.3785714286

    37.923.58.55.7033.90.610.50000744.812.3142857143

    0.606009.33.912.51.40062.630.55.2

    0.38.930.5010.9121.1012.72010.505.81.58.1571428571

    2.215.115.4010.40.92.50124.67.819.326.429.1142857143

    000.40006.8018.33.62928.813.107.1428571429

    2.906.402.515.63.4001.89.71.4543.7642857143

    1.504.701.83.54019.603.514.64.504.1214285714

    013.5150001.880004.28.503.6428571429

    00.53.1005.707.70006.51.221.9071428571

    003.80000.8014.20072.83.52.2928571429

    010.6014.600004.100319.243.9642857143

    00.60.325.705.112.27.56.128.5103.707.87.6785714286

    6.6762303.18.81.86.26.427.53.55.6110.8214285714

    1.60.463.514.30.524.5730.512.805.12.94.81.814.6928571429

    028.780.31.855.33.80.600010.324.51.89.65

    0.59.68.30.6023.98.23.100603036.6571428571

    2.537.21.313.8156.63.51.86.80041.721610.5857142857

    25.68.112.60.804.346.31.210010.12.538.25

    21.10.31.50.443.10200.500028.98.408.8714285714

    14.78.114.24.80.610.171.20000022.32.410.6

    38.75.90.80.51.512.29.807.7003.115.95.17.2285714286

    39.522.50.335.7003.502.3002.58.608.2071428571

    3.52.101.30.302.3130002.55.91.5642857143

    8.83.604.82.602.217.35.200003.73.4428571429

    2.86.40.915.74.31.15.16.520.4009.504.45.5071428571

    0.95.538.23.15.90511.923.2005.51.307.1785714286

    0.112.414.53.51.20.5573.405.1322.516.3

    018.47.57.62.64.25.11.51.50004.244.0428571429

    162.80.65.522.53.55.221.501.906.83.95.8

    061.23.50.66.33.23.13.201.2012.13.53.1357142857

    00.71.30.48.20.86.52.814.2002.75.25.53.45

    0.560.645.21.363.241.60007.33.55.6571428571

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    310.9326.54.42.23.404.62008.301.27.5357142857

    2234.50.70.61.82.96.810.324.600205.6571428571

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    0.622.60.21.10.40.26.34.325.41.803.83.315.0714285714

    00.12.110.70.61075.503.210.3002.8928571429

    0.90.70.46.22.20.25.55.27.2049.2002.9785714286

    1.901.36.73.50.910201.516.61.93.62.9214285714

    4.52.36.114.96.807.14.52.300752.24.4785714286

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    001.575.3005.55.22.916.821004.6571428571

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    037.50.82.25.3009.92.113.418.43.85.747.3642857143

    015.70.335.614.70.65.23.28.44.65.13.54.35

    1.80.501.19.26.60.2307.201.81.20.42.3571428571

    0.800015.5382008.17142857140213.24.4051020408

    0.500.909.52.34.67.35.58.919.601.312.55.2071428571

    0.31.438.202.10.74.22.409.62857142863.205.317.96.0948979592

    3.624.114.503.123.92.3010.35714285717010.914.76.8897959184

    14.42.17.50.40.33.511.53.412.516.87.525.71.36.35

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    1.31.51.24.133.63.61600.400002.44.5785714286

    15.32.81.310.112.60.68.56.74.48.2002.80.55.2714285714

    9.10.20.65.82.85.613.57.107.13.9010.64.75.0714285714

    2.81.14.50.5313.23.84.904013.5114.64.7785714286

    4.74.63401.84.61.69.11.31.402.26.33.1857142857

    015.94.58.42.90.13.17.82.50.301.54.23.23.8857142857

    27.12.20.7101.31.60.63.81000613.44.8357142857

    2.86.30.21.16.915.32.804.19.600094.15

    4.42.32.12.630.64.303.511.5061.333.55.3642857143

    2.80.20.425.224.50.50.701211.305.41.642.49.0714285714

    0.31.81.33.112.703.81.86.82.52.76.500.63.1357142857

    14.26.16.29.20812415.58.61200.36.2214285714

    8.59.23.61.85.802.53.712.37.82861.90.26.5214285714

    0.393.17.90.9029.57.513.814.910.36.800.77.4785714286

    2.49.51.120.86.13.819.519.53.701.5005.6357142857

    2.9102.48.113.50.22.2026.27.7001.90.35.3857142857

    8.56.15.13.525.48.12.736.516.19.20.65.44.60.99.4785714286

    29.25.6010.912.92.47409.13026.500.512.4357142857

    10.32.70.81.50.32.416.210.81110.82.32.40.525.2857142857

    0.84.221.50.33.51.55.78.622.57.11.81.52.14.5071428571

    5.31.43.63.621.5113.51321.53.310.9031.68.6571428571

    1.5629.5012.32.41.812.814.48.47.4016.67.4357142857

    0.40.710.1017.30.22.88.51072.411.213.516.57.1857142857

    0.81.55.126.21.27.531.36.512.313.55.14.36.3071428571

    3.40.310.32.72.50.74.521.23.52.57.917.721228.5857142857

    0.721.82.628.11.24.214.31.82.641.9832.328.112.7571428571

    5.149.93.61.80.87.833.7012202.5123.89

    1.713.910.56.62.14.73.617.25.5114.713.5016.8571428571

    3.63.218.45.40.72.11.623.452.23003.6142857143

    2.7314.949.64.815.51.716.702.209.508.99.25

    12.82.18.110.93.22.71.1514.58.40131.74.26.2642857143

    9.41.716.21.88.525.213.832.79.94.923.25.48.3357142857

    1.84.51.13.428.32.82.813.60.99.44.32.51.23.45.7142857143

    215.10.52.95.97.5261.314.41.59.80046.4928571429

    2.51.5018.356.56.702.530.74075.56.4428571429

    1.10.713.214.4514.85.434.701006.54.9857142857

    1.80.812.139.3410.81207.613.46.5023.23.59.6428571429

    1.76.52.51.23.34.521.2013.61.2012.51.81.55.1071428571

    16.74.2030.40.42.17.44.830.438.102.94.58.2071428571

    0.10.3030.725.915.328.321038.725.220.3012.7714285714

    6.59.60.17016.6448.826.717.256.822.42015.55

    6.70.63.69.929.82.51319.643.46.103.7145.211.2928571429

    14.317.15.12.96.708.47.21.39.804.5005.5214285714

    41.57.51.223.912.420.2013.115.301.510.228.0571428571

    1.13.7152.811.18.59.80.713.40.7011.425.107.3785714286

    8.59.80.29.900.416.810.12.95.7012.328.96.25

    12.19.31525.3000.417.51.55.501.21.836.6142857143

    241.240.8253.521.15.81800.504.24.922.512.25

    6.50.3325.214.446.7921.409.30114.15.111.7857142857

    5.810.91.20.321.73005.7132.92.311.58.60.88.1928571429

    0.50.42.51.61744.200.81416.97.146.808.2714285714

    01.7002.218.107654.52.63.33.54.5011.8857142857

    0.513.19.228.812.3033.524.91.58.408.309.3928571429

    7.52.44.12.10401.80.91.92.433.820.222.27.3785714286

    0.61.400.56.32.902.9013.82.301.372.7857142857

    03.800.72.834.5000117.93.5004.5857142857

    06.74.52.701.7020041.910.2004.9785714286

    15.55.80.5353.203.500201.510.106.15

    17.23.410.31.48.900004.704.62.13.1142857143

    8.81.810.50.62.27.402.72.22.82.223.525.506.4428571429

    5.604.601.70016.22.76.101.722.804.3857142857

    00.217.82.417.33.103.21.68.50001.73.9857142857

    00.226.918.39.70012.512.509.90304912.0714285714

    00.640.72.59.9001.428.904.32402.18.1714285714

    14.20.19.50.221.62.5010.81409.822.8007.5357142857

    0.100.216.80.2002.14.949002.0214285714

    21109.6381.40013.3010006.0928571429

    5.11018.195.6095.61.16.5001.14.4357142857

    6.53.407920.919025.760.60205.112.0142857143

    01604.97.210.2027.33038.13.34.19.38.8142857143

    031.83.80.80.90.20491.50.538.7074.19.8785714286

    013.89.86.618.20015.301056.85.1009.6857142857

    1.22.324.848.20.3003.11.712.3011.91508.6285714286

    03.93.53000046.70171.124.14.5214285714

    0.514.200.49.13.700.413.61101.500.93.95

    0.100235000.24.75.20026.105.2357142857

    8.100.623.27.87000.59.603.914.605.3785714286

    1.401.50.311.900001021.22.102.8142857143

    7.91.33.20031.8013.30000004.1071428571

    0.10.20.53.6024.2015.5027.300005.1

    16.8008.131.400.30002.3002.2785714286

    11.5000.521.205.81.12.400001.75

    0.46.7010.30.81013.800003.22.32.75

    1.922.519001019.306.700005.0285714286

    34.528.36.419.400048.739.623.4001.1014.3857142857

    2.60.51.40.30001.5113.5001.64.21.9

    7.40.917.2000002000001.9642857143

    9.11010.302.30.4006.73.82.214003.7538461538

    2.300.80020515.80.5029.207.24.4857142857

    6.1000.300006.40.50001.41.05

    15003000013.5004.5002.5714285714

    25.50.600000006.20001.62.4214285714

    842.7015.810000000004.8214285714

    21.42.3000.8001.800404.602.4928571429

    0.310.30022.600000011.606.73.6785714286

    14.61.3014.14.90000010.81.32.524.15.2571428571

    17.120.1004.71018.70040404.9714285714

    8.513.101.11.61.200002.3030.204.1428571429

    0.10.76001000000100.6285714286

    0019.81.900.6000000602.0214285714

    0001.58.51.2000000000.8

    1.40000.22.5000000000.2928571429

    00002.50000000500.5357142857

    8.30000.50000001.703.81.0214285714

    016.70000006.51055.91.226.37.6857142857

    010.103.300000.2007.300.51.5285714286

    01.200011.3000001.8730.53.7

    000006.60000032.58.70.53.45

    0000030000012.731.610.84.15

    0000000000051.5003.6785714286

    0000000000015001.0714285714

    00053.80000.814.800309.45.8428571429

    00041.60002.6505.10003.8785714286

    0001.8000001.21.7000.80.3928571429

    003.11.500004.20.50000.60.7071428571

    002.5000004.84.500000.8428571429

    0060000000.500000.4642857143

    000.3000000000000.0214285714

    002.8012.500042001.5004.2

    000000000003.8000.2714285714

    0000000000012.5000.8928571429

    000000000000000

    000000016.70000001.1928571429

    000000060.42.4000004.4857142857

    6.10000000.50001.303.60.8214285714

    29.100000000000002.0785714286

    35.300000000000002.5214285714

    3400000000000002.4285714286

    0.80000000012.200000.9285714286

    000000000000000

    000000000090000.6428571429

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    00000001.80000000.1285714286

    00002.3002.20000000.3214285714

    00002.50000000000.1785714286

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000001.4000.1

    000000000001.4000.1

    000000000000000

    000000000001.6000.1142857143

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000056.6000000002.84.2428571429

    000064.10000000004.5785714286

    000000000000000

    0006.200000000000.4428571429

    0005.400000000000.3857142857

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

    1998

    1999

    2000

    2001

    Average

    Day of year

    Daily rainfall (station level), mm

    Graphs

    Graphs

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    01.40000000000000.1

    02.90000000000000.2071428571

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000100.0714285714

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    002.8000000000000.2153846154

    000.9000000000000.0692307692

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    0000000000001.200.0857142857

    000000000000000

    0000000000001.500.1071428571

    0Mar / 1Mar / 1Mar / 10Mar / 1Mar / 1Mar / 10Mar / 1Mar / 1Mar / 10Mar / 10

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    00.60000000000000.0428571429

    000003.5000000000.25

    0.5000010.2000000000.7642857143

    01.30007.6000000000.6357142857

    000000.2000000000.0142857143

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    002.9000000000000.2071428571

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    01.20000000000000.0857142857

    0000005.700000000.4071428571

    0000002.100000000.15

    00000020000013.501.1071428571

    000000000000000

    00000035.500000002.5357142857

    0000007000000005

    0000001.504.80003.500.7

    0000000000001401

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000300000000000.2142857143

    0001.5002100000001.6071428571

    0000.800000000000.0571428571

    000000000000000

    000000000009.4000.6714285714

    005000000000000.3571428571

    0000000001100000.7857142857

    00.600013.40000014.5002.0357142857

    0000003.500000000.25

    000000000000200.1428571429

    01.300006.300000000.5428571429

    0000000000007.500.5357142857

    0000013.20018.2000002.2428571429

    12.400001.20000030.5003.15

    1.400000000008000.6714285714

    0000000006602.7004.9071428571

    0.5000000000003.500.2857142857

    20.203.7000000000001.7071428571

    7001.50000021006.502.5714285714

    0030.700000000000.2642857143

    01.28.2000003.70001.501.0428571429

    000006.1000000000.4357142857

    0000.5000010000000.75

    00000000039.500002.8214285714

    00023.20000030.500003.8357142857

    0010.48.500005.400026.203.6071428571

    000001.32.5041.822.2018.55.406.55

    26.2000.2000.505.8000002.3357142857

    5.207.53.8005.9000022.432.205.5

    008.70.509.63.10000036.504.1714285714

    8.501.41.501.2000000000.9

    0017.10004.800000421.9928571429

    32.8000002.63.5000050.51.26.4714285714

    002.1000027.84.4000883.5928571429

    26.600.8000028.812.50005.505.3

    10.607.800010.907000002.5928571429

    027.32.7000164.202.30023.25

    0.208.30001137.8000002.24.25

    08.84.5003.34.61020043005.0923076923

    014.827.1030818.40001613.307.1857142857

    033.15.119.511.54.25.21.6009.236513.512.85

    8.43.10.6000015.20007.47607.9071428571

    22.10400.601.112.30032.35.7441.48.8214285714

    22.51003.9023.20.820003.58.2206.7214285714

    4.41.221.20019.17.60000018.23.65.3785714286

    37.923.58.55.7033.90.610.50000744.812.3142857143

    0.606009.33.912.51.40062.630.55.2

    0.38.930.5010.9121.1012.72010.505.81.58.1571428571

    2.215.115.4010.40.92.50124.67.819.326.429.1142857143

    000.40006.8018.33.62928.813.107.1428571429

    2.906.402.515.63.4001.89.71.4543.7642857143

    1.504.701.83.54019.603.514.64.504.1214285714

    013.5150001.880004.28.503.6428571429

    00.53.1005.707.70006.51.221.9071428571

    003.80000.8014.20072.83.52.2928571429

    010.6014.600004.100319.243.9642857143

    00.60.325.705.112.27.56.128.5103.707.87.6785714286

    6.6762303.18.81.86.26.427.53.55.6110.8214285714

    1.60.463.514.30.524.5730.512.805.12.94.81.814.6928571429

    028.780.31.855.33.80.600010.324.51.89.65

    0.59.68.30.6023.98.23.100603036.6571428571

    2.537.21.313.8156.63.51.86.80041.721610.5857142857

    25.68.112.60.804.346.31.210010.12.538.25

    21.10.31.50.443.10200.500028.98.408.8714285714

    14.78.114.24.80.610.171.20000022.32.410.6

    38.75.90.80.51.512.29.807.7003.115.95.17.2285714286

    39.522.50.335.7003.502.3002.58.608.2071428571

    3.52.101.30.302.3130002.55.91.5642857143

    8.83.604.82.602.217.35.200003.73.4428571429

    2.86.40.915.74.31.15.16.520.4009.504.45.5071428571

    0.95.538.23.15.90511.923.2005.51.307.1785714286

    0.112.414.53.51.20.5573.405.1322.516.3

    018.47.57.62.64.25.11.51.50004.244.0428571429

    162.80.65.522.53.55.221.501.906.83.95.8

    061.23.50.66.33.23.13.201.2012.13.53.1357142857

    00.71.30.48.20.86.52.814.2002.75.25.53.45

    0.560.645.21.363.241.60007.33.55.6571428571

    0.61.84.517.24.33.82.81215.60001.52.14.7285714286

    310.9326.54.42.23.404.62008.301.27.5357142857

    2234.50.70.61.82.96.810.324.600205.6571428571

    4.91.70.70.219.61.30.430.412.63.613.23.4006.5714285714

    0.622.60.21.10.40.26.34.325.41.803.83.315.0714285714

    00.12.110.70.61075.503.210.3002.8928571429

    0.90.70.46.22.20.25.55.27.2049.2002.9785714286

    1.901.36.73.50.910201.516.61.93.62.9214285714

    4.52.36.114.96.807.14.52.300752.24.4785714286

    2.50.33.68.66.407.3414.6003.5403.9142857143

    0.324.23.15.12.303.1121.928.54012.817.6642857143

    1.57.61.14.30.66.78.910.921001.703.3071428571

    0.13.22.40.72.96.59.51.5305.8023.524.3642857143

    0.56.45.12.91.72.723.53.51.501.2049.88.77.6785714286

    3.30.31.32.66.37.95.76.33.13.14.50021.54.7071428571

    0.6012.612.612.41.23.52.44.44.20013.2785714286

    001.575.3005.55.22.916.821004.6571428571

    0.515.714.25.64.9002.702.618.32.5104.8571428571

    037.50.82.25.3009.92.113.418.43.85.747.3642857143

    015.70.335.614.70.65.23.28.44.65.13.54.35

    1.80.501.19.26.60.2307.201.81.20.42.3571428571

    0.800015.5382008.17142857140213.24.4051020408

    0.500.909.52.34.67.35.58.919.601.312.55.2071428571

    0.31.438.202.10.74.22.409.62857142863.205.317.96.0948979592

    3.624.114.503.123.92.3010.35714285717010.914.76.8897959184

    14.42.17.50.40.33.511.53.412.516.87.525.71.36.35

    6.724.72.81.50.465.2030.82.81.81.70.64.1428571429

    1.31.51.24.133.63.61600.400002.44.5785714286

    15.32.81.310.112.60.68.56.74.48.2002.80.55.2714285714

    9.10.20.65.82.85.613.57.107.13.9010.64.75.0714285714

    2.81.14.50.5313.23.84.904013.5114.64.7785714286

    4.74.63401.84.61.69.11.31.402.26.33.1857142857

    015.94.58.42.90.13.17.82.50.301.54.23.23.8857142857

    27.12.20.7101.31.60.63.81000613.44.8357142857

    2.86.30.21.16.915.32.804.19.600094.15

    4.42.32.12.630.64.303.511.5061.333.55.3642857143

    2.80.20.425.224.50.50.701211.305.41.642.49.0714285714

    0.31.81.33.112.703.81.86.82.52.76.500.63.1357142857

    14.26.16.29.20812415.58.61200.36.2214285714

    8.59.23.61.85.802.53.712.37.82861.90.26.5214285714

    0.393.17.90.9029.57.513.814.910.36.800.77.4785714286

    2.49.51.120.86.13.819.519.53.701.5005.6357142857

    2.9102.48.113.50.22.2026.27.7001.90.35.3857142857

    8.56.15.13.525.48.12.736.516.19.20.65.44.60.99.4785714286

    29.25.6010.912.92.47409.13026.500.512.4357142857

    10.32.70.81.50.32.416.210.81110.82.32.40.525.2857142857

    0.84.221.50.33.51.55.78.622.57.11.81.52.14.5071428571

    5.31.43.63.621.5113.51321.53.310.9031.68.6571428571

    1.5629.5012.32.41.812.814.48.47.4016.67.4357142857

    0.40.710.1017.30.22.88.51072.411.213.516.57.1857142857

    0.81.55.126.21.27.531.36.512.313.55.14.36.3071428571

    3.40.310.32.72.50.74.521.23.52.57.917.721228.5857142857

    0.721.82.628.11.24.214.31.82.641.9832.328.112.7571428571

    5.149.93.61.80.87.833.7012202.5123.89

    1.713.910.56.62.14.73.617.25.5114.713.5016.8571428571

    3.63.218.45.40.72.11.623.452.23003.6142857143

    2.7314.949.64.815.51.716.702.209.508.99.25

    12.82.18.110.93.22.71.1514.58.40131.74.26.2642857143

    9.41.716.21.88.525.213.832.79.94.923.25.48.3357142857

    1.84.51.13.428.32.82.813.60.99.44.32.51.23.45.7142857143

    215.10.52.95.97.5261.314.41.59.80046.4928571429

    2.51.5018.356.56.702.530.74075.56.4428571429

    1.10.713.214.4514.85.434.701006.54.9857142857

    1.80.812.139.3410.81207.613.46.5023.23.59.6428571429

    1.76.52.51.23.34.521.2013.61.2012.51.81.55.1071428571

    16.74.2030.40.42.17.44.830.438.102.94.58.2071428571

    0.10.3030.725.915.328.321038.725.220.3012.7714285714

    6.59.60.17016.6448.826.717.256.822.42015.55

    6.70.63.69.929.82.51319.643.46.103.7145.211.2928571429

    14.317.15.12.96.708.47.21.39.804.5005.5214285714

    41.57.51.223.912.420.2013.115.301.510.228.0571428571

    1.13.7152.811.18.59.80.713.40.7011.425.107.3785714286

    8.59.80.29.900.416.810.12.95.7012.328.96.25

    12.19.31525.3000.417.51.55.501.21.836.6142857143

    241.240.8253.521.15.81800.504.24.922.512.25

    6.50.3325.214.446.7921.409.30114.15.111.7857142857

    5.810.91.20.321.73005.7132.92.311.58.60.88.1928571429

    0.50.42.51.61744.200.81416.97.146.808.2714285714

    01.7002.218.107654.52.63.33.54.5011.8857142857

    0.513.19.228.812.3033.524.91.58.408.309.3928571429

    7.52.44.12.10401.80.91.92.433.820.222.27.3785714286

    0.61.400.56.32.902.9013.82.301.372.7857142857

    03.800.72.834.5000117.93.5004.5857142857

    06.74.52.701.7020041.910.2004.9785714286

    15.55.80.5353.203.500201.510.106.15

    17.23.410.31.48.900004.704.62.13.1142857143

    8.81.810.50.62.27.402.72.22.82.223.525.506.4428571429

    5.604.601.70016.22.76.101.722.804.3857142857

    00.217.82.417.33.103.21.68.50001.73.9857142857

    00.226.918.39.70012.512.509.90304912.0714285714

    00.640.72.59.9001.428.904.32402.18.1714285714

    14.20.19.50.221.62.5010.81409.822.8007.5357142857

    0.100.216.80.2002.14.949002.0214285714

    21109.6381.40013.3010006.0928571429

    5.11018.195.6095.61.16.5001.14.4357142857

    6.53.407920.919025.760.60205.112.0142857143

    01604.97.210.2027.33038.13.34.19.38.8142857143

    031.83.80.80.90.20491.50.538.7074.19.8785714286

    013.89.86.618.20015.301056.85.1009.6857142857

    1.22.324.848.20.3003.11.712.3011.91508.6285714286

    03.93.53000046.70171.124.14.5214285714

    0.514.200.49.13.700.413.61101.500.93.95

    0.100235000.24.75.20026.105.2357142857

    8.100.623.27.87000.59.603.914.605.3785714286

    1.401.50.311.900001021.22.102.8142857143

    7.91.33.20031.8013.30000004.1071428571

    0.10.20.53.6024.2015.5027.300005.1

    16.8008.131.400.30002.3002.2785714286

    11.5000.521.205.81.12.400001.75

    0.46.7010.30.81013.800003.22.32.75

    1.922.519001019.306.700005.0285714286

    34.528.36.419.400048.739.623.4001.1014.3857142857

    2.60.51.40.30001.5113.5001.64.21.9

    7.40.917.2000002000001.9642857143

    9.11010.302.30.4006.73.82.214003.7538461538

    2.300.80020515.80.5029.207.24.4857142857

    6.1000.300006.40.50001.41.05

    15003000013.5004.5002.5714285714

    25.50.600000006.20001.62.4214285714

    842.7015.810000000004.8214285714

    21.42.3000.8001.800404.602.4928571429

    0.310.30022.600000011.606.73.6785714286

    14.61.3014.14.90000010.81.32.524.15.2571428571

    17.120.1004.71018.70040404.9714285714

    8.513.101.11.61.200002.3030.204.1428571429

    0.10.76001000000100.6285714286

    0019.81.900.6000000602.0214285714

    0001.58.51.2000000000.8

    1.40000.22.5000000000.2928571429

    00002.50000000500.5357142857

    8.30000.50000001.703.81.0214285714

    016.70000006.51055.91.226.37.6857142857

    010.103.300000.2007.300.51.5285714286

    01.200011.3000001.8730.53.7

    000006.60000032.58.70.53.45

    0000030000012.731.610.84.15

    0000000000051.5003.6785714286

    0000000000015001.0714285714

    00053.80000.814.800309.45.8428571429

    00041.60002.6505.10003.8785714286

    0001.8000001.21.7000.80.3928571429

    003.11.500004.20.50000.60.7071428571

    002.5000004.84.500000.8428571429

    0060000000.500000.4642857143

    000.3000000000000.0214285714

    002.8012.500042001.5004.2

    000000000003.8000.2714285714

    0000000000012.5000.8928571429

    000000000000000

    000000016.70000001.1928571429

    000000060.42.4000004.4857142857

    6.10000000.50001.303.60.8214285714

    29.100000000000002.0785714286

    35.300000000000002.5214285714

    3400000000000002.4285714286

    0.80000000012.200000.9285714286

    000000000000000

    000000000090000.6428571429

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    00000001.80000000.1285714286

    00002.3002.20000000.3214285714

    00002.50000000000.1785714286

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000001.4000.1

    000000000001.4000.1

    000000000000000

    000000000001.6000.1142857143

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000056.6000000002.84.2428571429

    000064.10000000004.5785714286

    000000000000000

    0006.200000000000.4428571429

    0005.400000000000.3857142857

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    000000000000000

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

    1998

    1999

    2000

    2001

    Average

    Day of year

    Daily rainfall (station level), mm

    Sorted

    29.955616438429.836301369928.452219178132.952328767125.950438356220.030767123342.911589041144.748410958935.693095890426.482273972614.963808219233.388658638442.426481945232.574033342531.4547159458

    20.62316.0413.919.6519.089.2520.6221.317.68145.9948819.630819.0978917.1316835714

    20.62315.7213.919.317.829.2520.2421.318.1145.9948817.09718.0373216.7399428571

    20.622.5615.413.618.617.4920.2421.318.1145.9948817.09718.0373216.5663714286

    20.122.5615.0813.618.2516.26919.4821.318.113.65.9948817.09716.81816.23142

    19.622.1214.7613.617.915.5918.7220.8517.2613.66.94217.09716.81815.9833571429

    19.1621.6814.4413.617.214.36918.7220.8517.2613.26.94217.09716.81815.7376428571

    18.7221.6814.4413.616.8514.36918.7220.8516.8412.86.94217.09716.81815.6226428571

    18.2821.6814.4413.316.514.368.618.7220.851612.46.94217.09716.81815.4276428571

    18.2821.2414.1212.416.1513.988.818.3420.416126.94217.09716.81815.1833571429

    18.2820.813.812.116.1513.988.818.3419.9516126.94217.09716.81815.0755

    18.2820.3613.1812.415.813.988.618.3419.516.4212.46.94217.09716.81815.0083571429

    17.419.9212.5612.116.1513.68.617.5819.517.2612.46.94217.09715.5993414.7648814286

    16.9619.4812.5611.2516.1513.6817.5819.116.42126.94217.09713.87214.3579285714

    18.2819.9212.5611.516.1512.927.817.5819.116.4211.76.94217.09713.87214.4172142857

    17.8419.4812.2511.516.1512.247.817.5818.71611.46.94217.09713.87214.2036428571

    17.419.4812.2511.515.811.9817.5818.315.6411.16.94217.09713.87214.0615

    16.9619.0412.2511.815.4511.567.817.217.915.2810.87.88919617.09713.87213.9212997143

    16.5218.611.9411.815.4511.567.616.8417.915.2810.88.59317.09713.87213.8465714286

    16.0818.1811.941115.4511.567.416.8417.514.9210.89.29582517.09713.87213.7096303571

    16.0817.7611.631115.111.567.416.4817.514.5610.57.00817.09713.87213.3962142857

    16.0817.7611.6310.7514.411.567.615.7617.114.5611.17.00817.09713.87213.3055

    15.6417.3411.9410.7514.7511.567.415.417.114.211.17.00814.5637213.87213.0445514286

    15.216.9211.9410.7514.411.97.415.416.313.8410.87.00813.97713.87212.8362142857

    14.816.9211.9410.514.412.247.215.416.313.8410.57.00813.97713.87212.7783571429

    14.416.9211.6310.513.3511.97.215.0416.314.210.57.00813.97713.87212.6283571429

    14.417.7611.3210.513.3511.567.414.6816.314.210.57.00813.97713.87212.6305

    1419.0411.3210.251311.567.414.6815.914.210.57.00813.97712.14412.4985

    13.618.611.631012.411.227.214.6815.513.8410.27.00813.97712.15412.2863571429

    13.617.7611.941011.810.88714.6815.513.129.64.7195213.97712.1629611.9099628571

    13.616.511.9410.2511.810.88714.6815.512.769.34.56613.97712.28211.7882142857

    13.616.0811.3210.2511.811.566.814.3215.1512.069.34.56613.3914112.28211.6056721429

    13.215.2411.321011.811.566.813.9615.1512.069.34.56612.18512.28211.3873571429

    13.214.410.4510.2511.811.226.813.9615.512.069.64.56612.18512.28211.3052142857

    12.814.0310.21011.810.546.813.9615.512.49.34.56612.18512.4009211.17728

    12.413.669.951011.810.26.813.9615.512.069.34.56612.18511.27710.9755714286

    1213.299.959.7511.59.946.613.615.511.729.34.56612.18511.27710.7984285714

    1213.669.79.7511.29.686.613.615.512.0694.56612.18511.27710.7698571429

    1213.669.459.510.99.686.613.2415.511.728.724.56612.18511.27710.6427142857

    1213.669.45910.99.426.612.8815.511.048.444.56612.18511.27710.4941428571

    1213.299.458.810.99.166.612.8815.510.78.444.56612.18511.27710.4105714286

    11.613.299.458.610.98.9612.8815.1510.78.444.56612.18511.27710.2812857143

    11.213.299.28.610.38.645.612.5214.810.78.164.56612.18511.27710.0741428571

    11.612.929.28.69.58.645.411.814.4510.78.164.56612.18511.2779.9284285714

    11.612.929.28.29.758.95.411.0814.111.048.164.56612.18511.2779.8841428571

    11.212.559.4589.258.385.410.3613.7511.047.884.56612.18511.2779.6634285714

    11.211.819.288.58.125.210.3613.7510.77.044.56612.18510.153529.3417514286

    10.8410.78.957.88.758.385.210.3613.0510.77.324.56610.978210.1349.1234428571

    10.8410.368.457.88.58.125.210.3613.0510.367.324.56611.129610.1349.0135428571

    10.4810.028.27.68.257.86510.7212.710.027.324.56610.56510.115238.815445

    10.4810.027.957.68.57.6510.7212.79.687.324.41259510.5659.2048.6965425

    10.1210.027.957.68.257.6510.3612.79.347.323.87810.5659.2048.5647857143

    10.1210.027.788.257.36510.3615.158.747.323.87810.5659.2048.6905

    9.769.687.788.257.124.841028.688.226.763.87810.5659.2049.4755

    9.769.347.77.68.57.124.361036.048.226.763.87810.5659.2049.9319285714

    9.769.348.457.68.257.124.361033.688.486.763.87810.5659.2049.8176428571

    9.49.349.457.67.757.124.369.4423.558.486.763.87810.00059.2049.02375

    9.049.349.77.48.257.124.528.8819.196.763.3427049.4258.291948.583546

    8.6899.27.411.26.884.528.8817.596.766.2838.849628.328.7480442857

    8.688.668.457136.884.528.3216.396.766.28310.2568.3498.747

    8.688.667.95712.76.44.368.3214.88.746.766.28310.2569.8078.6225714286

    8.688.667.76.810.35.924.368.3214.196.489.22270810.2569.8078.5432648571

    8.328.667.26.69.55.924.368.3212.79.346.488.80111.662539.8078.4050378571

    7.968.667.26.48.755.924.528.3212.796.28.3788259.8869.8078.1215589286

    7.968.326.956.48.256.164.528.0423.195.996.3427639.8869.8078.6232687857

    7.67.986.456.67.56.44.368.0415.158.745.575.5779.8869.8077.8328571429

    7.967.986.76.67.256.164.368.0413.48.745.575.5779.8869.8077.7164285714

    7.67.646.456.46.55.924.368.0413.057.965.575.5779.8869.8077.4828571429

    8.327.646.456.26.55.684.368.0412.357.965.575.5779.8869.8077.4528571429

    8.327.646.766.55.684.367.7611.77.965.365.5779.8869.8077.375

    8.327.646.766.56.44.367.4811.47.75.365.5779.88611.2647.4705

    8.328.666.4566.57.64.367.211.17.75.365.5779.88617.073187.9847271429

    7.968.666.266.510.24.367.210.87.445.155.5779.88614.20447.8669571429

    7.968.666.25.86.58.644.26.9510.56.925.155.5778.1103517.9977.7974535714

    7.969.345.955.86.258.124.046.4510.56.925.155.5778.38817.9977.7458571429

    7.68.665.955.867.64.046.4510.56.925.155.5778.38817.9977.6165714286

    7.298.325.956.266.883.886.210.26.925.155.5778.38821.790477.7675335714

    6.988.325.765.756.164.046.210.26.925.155.5778.38817.1857.3264285714

    6.988.325.765.55.444.26.29.96.925.155.5778.38817.1857.2471428571

    6.677.646.75.85.55.034.046.29.96.925.155.5778.38817.1857.1928571429

    6.677.016.75.65.54.694.046.29.97.445.155.5778.38817.1857.1464285714

    6.676.726.455.25.54.694.046.29.67.445.155.5778.38817.1857.0578571429

    6.366.726.755.254.354.045.959.37.445.155.5778.38817.1856.9578571429

    6.056.726.25.25.254.184.046.29.37.445.155.5778.38812.579366.5910257143

    5.746.725.75.254.184.045.959.37.185.155.5778.38811.0286.3680714286

    5.746.725.285.254.184.046.959.37.185.154.8114278.38811.0286.3548162143

    5.746.435.0754.74.184.214.6897.185.154.4918.38811.0286.8026428571

    5.746.434.655.24.74.1824.271096.924.944.4918.38811.0287.8526428571

    5.436.144.654.854.74.1834.411096.664.944.4918.38811.0288.4905

    5.746.144.864.854.74.1847.79.169.66.44.734.4918.6663211.0289.4460942857

    5.746.144.654.854.73.8440.28.69.36.44.734.4918.00911.0288.7627142857

    5.746.724.654.84.73.8422.747.089.36.49.94.4918.0099.476447.7033171429

    3.36.894.5457.284.7711.87.087.976.49.544.4918.0099.084726.8681942857

    3.526.894.336.66.764.779.726.67.976.46.654.4918.0098.693386.5288128571

    3.526.64.1211.26.764.59.166.127.736.46.154.4918.0096.8486.5434285714

    3.36.374.126.46.764.58.66.127.496.45.94.4917.352346.8486.0465242857

    3.36.144.126.86.764.57.485.887.496.45.44.4918.276.8485.9913571429

    3.085.914.336.46.764.56.75.647.265.95.154.4918.276.8485.8027857143

    3.085.684.755.66.764.36.25.647.495.95.154.4918.276.8485.7256428571

    2.865.455.175.26.54.55.75.647.736.45.154.4918.276.8485.7077857143

    3.35.455.1756.58.325.455.647.737.545.154.4918.276.8486.0613571429

    3.085.224.544.86.247.25.25.167.738.35.154.4918.276.8485.8735

    3.745.224.334.66.246.664.954.927.736.785.154.4918.276.8485.7092142857

    3.525.224.124.66.246.124.74.687.496.44.94.4918.276.8485.5427857143

    3.524.994.544.66.55.589.164.4410.66.154.94.4918.276.8486.0420714286

    3.744.994.544.66.56.669.164.210.35.94.94.4918.276.8486.0785

    4.984.994.544.46.57.211.084.2105.654.44.4918.276.8486.2535

    5.854.764.544.45.986.6610.364.2108.34.214.4918.276.8486.3477857143

    7.34.764.544.25.726.398.044.0210.68.684.214.4918.276.8486.2906428571

    7.014.764.125.85.725.316.75.889.79.064.214.4918.276.8486.2770714286

    13.664.534.1210.35.465.045.955.168.88.684.44.4918.276.8486.8363571429

    16.084.534.546.25.724.775.454.28.27.164.44.4918.276.8486.4899285714

    13.294.535.175.65.724.35.24.0212.96.154.214.4918.276.8486.4785

    10.024.535.175.25.465.044.954.02105.94.214.4918.276.8486.0077857143

    7.34.535.1765.025.854.954.0210.95.94.024.4918.276.8485.9477857143

    5.854.765.175.44.8410.64.76.611.8811.463.834.4918.276.8486.7642142857

    5.854.994.967.94.6611.84.74.210.625.343.644.170089.186695.002027.6427707143

    6.144.994.5410.34.847.764.494.4414.2617.463.645.7402810.9315.297647.48778

    6.144.994.9610.35.466.394.955.8828.1415.423.647.76110.9315.12518.57765

    7.014.994.7510.66.55.588.0426.626.1613.143.459.781810.9314.83310.1689857143

    17.344.994.5410.66.765.0410.3613.7522.812.723.2615.9761710.9314.29710.2402978571

    14.034.997.059.46.55.3111.449.315.810.623.078.4439512.674523.761058.7421085714

    11.814.766.88.26.765.3113.68.5212.99.063.077.2179812.3423.887788.15984

    17.344.7611.187.36.245.048.8810.811.548.33.0722.3622812.010339.9059.909115

    16.54.5312.556.45.984.777.215.513.246.783.0738.51264.6929.90514.9735

    16.54.538.0565.464.57.211.415.85.43.0738.51264.6929.90514.3585

    19.044.311.855.65.24.16.79.919.445.153.0738.51264.6929.90514.8185

    24.384.39.265.45.024.16.4512.723.285.153.0738.51264.6929.90515.4442142857

    41.515.9122.654.843.95.9513.7519.444.653.0738.51264.6929.90517.4092142857

    25.767.7614.34.84.664.38.615.1515.44.43.2638.51264.6929.90515.8213571429

    14.8212.3815.374.84.484.39.7220.413.244.153.6438.51264.6929.90515.7435

    10.368.6342.65.64.844.111.4424.5212.94.43.6454.6611264.6929.90518.7348657143

    8.328.9237.15.45.25.5822.5239.7611.884.153.6444.48764.6929.90519.3967142857

    11.0719.9419.0976.766.6618.7226.0810.64.154.0244.48764.6929.90518.0838571429

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    44.0439.534.578.126.2221.0936.6846.0447.434.1721.231.67249.4225.59538.2590714286

    43.0238.9539.3570.425.820.7236.6844.7852.235.5118.0531.67249.4225.59538.0105

    4239.536.0572.525.3820.3536.244.7850.436.1816.2531.67249.4225.59537.5912142857

    41.5137.85355924.9619.9835.4443.5245.636.1815.831.67249.4225.59535.8233571429

    41.0236.7541.5655.426.6419.6135.4443.5240.234.8414.931.67249.4225.59535.4690714286

    40.5335.6578.7252.431.519.2434.6842.8937.233.51431.67249.4225.59537.6426428571

    40.0435.1495028.3218.8734.342.263632.831431.67249.4225.59534.8147857143

    39.0635.139.3548.226.6418.8733.9249.3134.932.1613.2431.67249.4225.59534.1026428571

    38.5735.136.640.1526.6418.533.5475.334.3531.4913.6231.67249.4225.59535.0390714286

    38.083436.0545.225.818.533.1660.4834.930.8213.6231.67240.4342525.59533.4508035714

    39.5533.53455.425.818.1533.1647.9733.2530.1513.6231.67238.47725.59532.8781428571

    49.343332.542.3525.3818.1532.7844.1532.728.8113.6231.67236.5191225.59531.89758

    81.763330.541.825.3818.1532.442.2632.728.8113.2431.67233.70425.59533.6407857143

    110.0533.529.1540.725.3818.1532.0240.3832.728.8112.8631.67233.70425.59535.3336428571

    98.0832.528.739.625.3818.1532.0239.1432.731.4912.4831.67233.70425.59534.3722142857

    65.883228.2538.524.5417.832.0238.5231.0530.8212.131.67233.70425.59531.6036428571

    55.63127.83824.5417.4532.0237.931.0529.4812.4831.67233.70425.59530.5922142857

    50.463028.737.524.1217.131.6436.6630.528.8115.3531.67233.70425.59530.1293571429

    47.12927.836.523.717.131.2636.6629.4227.4716.731.67233.70425.59529.5486428571

    44.552926.93623.2817.131.2636.0429.4226.815.3531.67233.70425.59529.0479285714

    422926.4535.523.2816.7530.8837.928.8826.161431.67233.70425.59528.6979285714

    41.0227.6525.5534.522.4416.432.437.2828.3425.5213.2431.67230.88825.59528.0353571429

    39.5527.225.134.522.8616.435.8234.827.2624.8812.131.67229.29725.59527.6452857143

    38.5727.224.23424.9616.0533.1634.2426.1823.611.7230.2062829.29725.59527.0698771429

    37.5927.223.753323.2816.0531.6433.1226.1823.612.128.5629.29725.59526.4972857143

    36.1227.223.332.522.4416.0530.532.5626.1821.6812.4828.5629.29725.75226.0442142857

    36.1225.8522.853121.616.0531.643226.1821.6811.7228.5629.29723.53725.5774285714

    35.1425.422.8530.520.7615.731.2631.4426.1821.6811.7228.5629.29723.53725.2874285714

    34.1624.522.430.520.7615.3529.3631.4426.1821.6811.3428.5629.29723.53724.9331428571

    33.6724.121.953020.341528.9830.8825.121.6810.9628.5629.29723.53724.5752857143

    33.1823.721.52919.9214.6528.9830.8825.121.6810.5828.5629.29723.53724.326

    32.223.321.128.0519.514.328.9830.3225.121.0410.5828.5629.29723.53723.9902857143

    31.7422.920.327.1519.513.9528.2229.225.121.0410.228.5627.7053723.53723.5073121429

    31.2822.519.926.2519.0813.2527.0828.1624.6119.969.5428.5627.30823.53722.9296428571

    30.3622.119.525.3518.2413.2527.0827.6423.6319.529.5428.5626.9095423.53722.5154671429

    30.3621.319.524.4518.2412.926.3227.1223.1419.088.8828.5624.30623.53721.9780714286

    30.3620.518.324.4517.0212.925.5627.1222.1618.28.8828.5624.30621.32221.4027142857

    30.3619.817.92416.6413.2525.1826.622.1617.768.2228.5624.30620.20521.0672142857

    29.4419.117.22416.6413.2524.826.0822.1618.27.8926.9126524.30619.53520.6795464286

    28.9818.7517.223.616.2613.2524.4225.5622.1618.27.5625.11624.30619.49720.3470714286

    28.5218.416.923.215.8812.5524.0425.5621.1817.767.5623.44824.30619.49719.9143571429

    27.618.416.622.815.8811.8524.4224.5221.1817.327.5623.44824.30619.49719.6700714286

    26.6818.416.922.415.8811.524.422420.216.887.5623.44824.30619.49719.4336428571

    26.6818.416.62215.51124.4223.5520.2167.8923.44824.30619.49719.2493571429

    26.2218.0516.32214.741123.6623.5520.215.67.8923.44824.30619.49719.0329285714

    26.2218.0516.32214.3610.7522.923.5519.3614.88.2223.44824.30619.49718.8400714286

    25.7618.051621.213.9810.7522.5223.5519.3615.27.8923.44821.7029619.49718.4934257143

    25.318.0515.720.413.9810.522.5223.119.3615.27.8923.44820.75919.49718.2645714286

    25.317.3515.7204310.2522.1423.119.3614.87.8923.44820.75919.49720.1852857143

    24.8417.3515.72092.76102122.6519.3614.47.5623.44820.75919.45823.5203571429

    24.381715.42052.69.752122.6519.3614.47.2323.44819.8151119.90520.4955792857

    23.4616.3614.822.830.59.7520.6221.7518.5214.46.921.7803619.45719.90518.6430257143

    23.4616.3614.824.4525.389.252121.7518.113.66.920.69719.45719.90518.2220714286

    2316.3614.522.822.029.52121.318.113.66.920.69719.45719.90517.7956428571

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

    1998

    1999

    2000

    2001

    average

    Day of year

    River debit, m3 s-1

    Debit

    241.2047168309

    240.3954071034

    229.2612033011

    265.4425009455

    208.9548491641

    161.4187625107

    345.7988939253

    360.6052132449

    287.6084499834

    213.3767441876

    120.5908060807

    268.9805680014

    341.9181232376

    262.4009492138

    Year

    River flow, mm

    Rainfall

    0.1951494473

    0.1920923767

    0.1951460314

    0.2164120841

    0.176080601

    0.1511232814

    0.2932909506

    0.266857128

    0.2157674319

    0.196003086

    0.1289655982

    0.1955271047

    0.2371960619

    0.2819545766

    Rainfall, mm

    River flow/Rainfall

    241.2047168309

    240.3954071034

    229.2612033011

    265.4425009455

    208.9548491641

    161.4187625107

    345.7988939253

    360.6052132449

    287.6084499834

    213.3767441876

    120.5908060807

    268.9805680014

    341.9181232376

    262.4009492138

    Rainfall, mm

    River flow, mm

    0.1951494473

    0.1920923767

    0.1951460314

    0.2164120841

    0.176080601

    0.1511232814

    0.2932909506

    0.266857128

    0.2157674319

    0.196003086

    0.1289655982

    0.1955271047

    0.2371960619

    0.2819545766

    Rainfall, mm

    River flow/Rainfall

    0.00019565640.0001956564

    0.00039131290.0003913129

    0.00058696930.0005869693

    0.00078262570.0007826257

    0.00097828210.0009782821

    0.00117393860.0011739386

    0.0013695950.001369595

    0.00156525140.0015652514

    0.00176090780.0017609078

    0.00195656430.0019565643

    0.00215222070.0021522207

    0.00234787710.0023478771

    0.00254353360.0025435336

    0.002739190.00273919

    0.00293484640.0029348464

    0.00313050280.0031305028

    0.00332615930.0033261593

    0.00352181570.0035218157

    0.00371747210.0037174721

    0.00391312850.0039131285

    0.0041087850.004108785

    0.00430444140.0043044414

    0.00450009780.0045000978

    0.00469575430.0046957543

    0.00489141070.0048914107

    0.00508706710.0050870671

    0.00528272350.0052827235

    0.005478380.00547838

    0.00567403640.0056740364

    0.00586969280.0058696928

    0.00606534920.0060653492

    0.00626100570.0062610057

    0.00645666210.0064566621

    0.00665231850.0066523185

    0.0068479750.006847975

    0.00704363140.0070436314

    0.00723928780.0072392878

    0.00743494420.0074349442

    0.00763060070.0076306007

    0.00782625710.0078262571

    0.00802191350.0080219135

    0.00821756990.0082175699

    0.00841322640.0084132264

    0.00860888280.0086088828

    0.00880453920.0088045392

    0.00900019570.0090001957

    0.00919585210.0091958521

    0.00939150850.0093915085

    0.00958716490.0095871649

    0.00978282140.0097828214

    0.00997847780.0099784778

    0.01017413420.0101741342

    0.01036979060.0103697906

    0.01056544710.0105654471

    0.01076110350.0107611035

    0.01095675990.0109567599

    0.01115241640.0111524164

    0.01134807280.0113480728

    0.01154372920.0115437292

    0.01173938560.0117393856

    0.01193504210.0119350421

    0.01213069850.0121306985

    0.01232635490.0123263549

    0.01252201130.0125220113

    0.01271766780.0127176678

    0.01291332420.0129133242

    0.01310898060.0131089806

    0.01330463710.0133046371

    0.01350029350.0135002935

    0.01369594990.0136959499

    0.01389160630.0138916063

    0.01408726280.0140872628

    0.01428291920.0142829192

    0.01447857560.0144785756

    0.0146742320.014674232

    0.01486988850.0148698885

    0.01506554490.0150655449

    0.01526120130.0152612013

    0.01545685780.0154568578

    0.01565251420.0156525142

    0.01584817060.0158481706

    0.0160438270.016043827

    0.01623948350.0162394835

    0.01643513990.0164351399

    0.01663079630.0166307963

    0.01682645270.0168264527

    0.01702210920.0170221092

    0.01721776560.0172177656

    0.0174134220.017413422

    0.01760907850.0176090785

    0.01780473490.0178047349

    0.01800039130.0180003913

    0.01819604770.0181960477

    0.01839170420.0183917042

    0.01858736060.0185873606

    0.0187830170.018783017

    0.01897867340.0189786734

    0.01917432990.0191743299

    0.01936998630.0193699863

    0.01956564270.0195656427

    0.01976129920.0197612992

    0.01995695560.0199569556

    0.0201526120.020152612

    0.02034826840.0203482684

    0.02054392490.0205439249

    0.02073958130.0207395813

    0.02093523770.0209352377

    0.02113089410.0211308941

    0.02132655060.0213265506

    0.0215222070.021522207

    0.02171786340.0217178634

    0.02191351990.0219135199

    0.02210917630.0221091763

    0.02230483270.0223048327

    0.02250048910.0225004891

    0.02269614560.0226961456

    0.0228918020.022891802

    0.02308745840.0230874584

    0.02328311490.0232831149

    0.02347877130.0234787713

    0.02367442770.0236744277

    0.02387008410.0238700841

    0.02406574060.0240657406

    0.0242613970.024261397

    0.02445705340.0244570534

    0.02465270980.0246527098

    0.02484836630.0248483663

    0.02504402270.0250440227

    0.02523967910.0252396791

    0.02543533560.0254353356

    0.0256309920.025630992

    0.02582664840.0258266484

    0.02602230480.0260223048

    0.02621796130.0262179613

    0.02641361770.0264136177

    0.02660927410.0266092741

    0.02680493050.0268049305

    0.0270005870.027000587

    0.02719624340.0271962434

    0.02739189980.0273918998

    0.02758755630.0275875563

    0.02778321270.0277832127

    0.02797886910.0279788691

    0.02817452550.0281745255

    0.0283701820.028370182

    0.02856583840.0285658384

    0.02876149480.0287614948

    0.02895715120.0289571512

    0.02915280770.0291528077

    0.02934846410.0293484641

    0.02954412050.0295441205

    0.0297397770.029739777

    0.02993543340.0299354334

    0.03013108980.0301310898

    0.03032674620.0303267462

    0.03052240270.0305224027

    0.03071805910.0307180591

    0.03091371550.0309137155

    0.03110937190.0311093719

    0.03130502840.0313050284

    0.03150068480.0315006848

    0.03169634120.0316963412

    0.03189199770.0318919977

    0.03208765410.0320876541

    0.03228331050.0322833105

    0.03247896690.0324789669

    0.03267462340.0326746234

    0.03287027980.0328702798

    0.03306593620.0330659362

    0.03326159260.0332615926

    0.03345724910.0334572491

    0.03365290550.0336529055

    0.03384856190.0338485619

    0.03404421840.0340442184

    0.03423987480.0342398748

    0.03443553120.0344355312

    0.03463118760.0346311876

    0.03482684410.0348268441

    0.03502250050.0350225005

    0.03521815690.0352181569

    0.03541381330.0354138133

    0.03560946980.0356094698

    0.03580512620.0358051262

    0.03600078260.0360007826

    0.03619643910.0361964391

    0.03639209550.0363920955

    0.03658775190.0365877519

    0.03678340830.0367834083

    0.03697906480.0369790648

    0.03717472120.0371747212

    0.03737037760.0373703776

    0.0375660340.037566034

    0.03776169050.0377616905

    0.03795734690.0379573469

    0.03815300330.0381530033

    0.03834865980.0383486598

    0.03854431620.0385443162

    0.03873997260.0387399726

    0.0389356290.038935629

    0.03913128550.0391312855

    0.03932694190.0393269419

    0.03952259830.0395225983

    0.03971825470.0397182547

    0.03991391120.0399139112

    0.04010956760.0401095676

    0.0403052240.040305224

    0.04050088050.0405008805

    0.04069653690.0406965369

    0.04089219330.0408921933

    0.04108784970.0410878497

    0.04128350620.0412835062

    0.04147916260.0414791626

    0.0416748190.041674819

    0.04187047540.0418704754

    0.04206613190.0420661319

    0.04226178830.0422617883

    0.04245744470.0424574447

    0.04265310120.0426531012

    0.04284875760.0428487576

    0.0430444140.043044414

    0.04324007040.0432400704

    0.04343572690.0434357269

    0.04363138330.0436313833

    0.04382703970.0438270397

    0.04402269610.0440226961

    0.04421835260.0442183526

    0.0444140090.044414009

    0.04460966540.0446096654

    0.04480532190.0448053219

    0.04500097830.0450009783

    0.04519663470.0451966347

    0.04539229110.0453922911

    0.04558794760.0455879476

    0.0457836040.045783604

    0.04597926040.0459792604

    0.04617491680.0461749168

    0.04637057330.0463705733

    0.04656622970.0465662297

    0.04676188610.0467618861

    0.04695754260.0469575426

    0.0471531990.047153199

    0.04734885540.0473488554

    0.04754451180.0475445118

    0.04774016830.0477401683

    0.04793582470.0479358247

    0.04813148110.0481314811

    0.04832713750.0483271375

    0.0485227940.048522794

    0.04871845040.0487184504

    0.04891410680.0489141068

    0.04910976330.0491097633

    0.04930541970.0493054197

    0.04950107610.0495010761

    0.04969673250.0496967325

    0.0498923890.049892389

    0.05008804540.0500880454

    0.05028370180.0502837018

    0.05047935820.0504793582

    0.05067501470.0506750147

    0.05087067110.0508706711

    0.05106632750.0510663275

    0.0512619840.051261984

    0.05145764040.0514576404

    0.05165329680.0516532968

    0.05184895320.0518489532

    0.05204460970.0520446097

    0.05224026610.0522402661

    0.05243592250.0524359225

    0.05263157890.0526315789

    0.05282723540.0528272354

    0.05302289180.0530228918

    0.05321854820.0532185482

    0.05341420470.0534142047

    0.05360986110.0536098611

    0.05380551750.0538055175

    0.05400117390.0540011739

    0.05419683040.0541968304

    0.05439248680.0543924868

    0.05458814320.0545881432

    0.05478379960.0547837996

    0.05497945610.0549794561

    0.05517511250.0551751125

    0.05537076890.0553707689

    0.05556642540.0555664254

    0.05576208180.0557620818

    0.05595773820.0559577382

    0.05615339460.0561533946

    0.05634905110.0563490511

    0.05654470750.0565447075

    0.05674036390.0567403639

    0.05693602030.0569360203

    0.05713167680.0571316768

    0.05732733320.0573273332

    0.05752298960.0575229896

    0.05771864610.0577186461

    0.05791430250.0579143025

    0.05810995890.0581099589

    0.05830561530.0583056153

    0.05850127180.0585012718

    0.05869692820.0586969282

    0.05889258460.0588925846

    0.0590882410.059088241

    0.05928389750.0592838975

    0.05947955390.0594795539

    0.05967521030.0596752103

    0.05987086680.0598708668

    0.06006652320.0600665232

    0.06026217960.0602621796

    0.0604578360.060457836

    0.06065349250.0606534925

    0.06084914890.0608491489

    0.06104480530.0610448053

    0.06124046170.0612404617

    0.06143611820.0614361182

    0.06163177460.0616317746

    0.0618274310.061827431

    0.06202308750.0620230875

    0.06221874390.0622187439

    0.06241440030.0624144003

    0.06261005670.0626100567

    0.06280571320.0628057132

    0.06300136960.0630013696

    0.0631970260.063197026

    0.06339268240.0633926824

    0.06358833890.0635883389

    0.06378399530.0637839953

    0.06397965170.0639796517

    0.06417530820.0641753082

    0.06437096460.0643709646

    0.0645666210.064566621

    0.06476227740.0647622774

    0.06495793390.0649579339

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