Turabian Parenthetical Reference Style List

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KATE TURABIAN: Parenthetical/Reference List Style

PARENTHETICAL REFERENCES

Parenthetical references should include the author's name, the date of publication and thepage number(s)to which you refer.

Examples:

Charles Hullmandel experimented with lithographic techniques throughout the earlynineteenth century, patenting the "lithotint" process in 1840 (Twyman 1970, 145-146).

Human beings are the sources of "all international politics"; even though the holders ofpolitical power may change, this remains the same (Hudson 1997, 5).

If there is no page number, leave it out. If there is no author, use the title.

REFERENCE LIST

Books

Include some or all of the following elements for each complete bibliographic citation in yourreference list, in this order:

1. Author or editor;2. Year of publication;3. Title (capitalize titles and subtitles using sentence style; for example: Social theory as

science: A brief inquiry);4. Compiler, translator or editor (if listed in addition to an author);5. Edition;6. Name of series, including volume or number used;7. Place of publication and publisher.

One Author or Editor, or Corporate Author

Hudson, Valerie N., ed. 1997. Culture and foreign policy. Boulder: L. Rienner Publishers.

Twyman, Michael. 1970. Lithography 1800-1850. London: Oxford University Press.

UNICEF. 1999. Generation in jeopardy: Children in Central and Eastern Europe and theformer Soviet Union. Edited by Alexander Zouev. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.


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Two or More Authors or Editors

Keat, Russell, and John Urry. 1982. Social theory as science. 2d. ed. London:Routledge.

Meyer, Leonard B., Kendall Walton, Albert Hofstadter, Svetlana Alpers, George Kubler,Richard Wolheim, Monroe Beardsley, Seymour Chatman, Ann Banfield, and HaydenWhite. 1979. The concept of style. Edited by Berel Lang. Philadelphia: Universityof Pennsylvania Press.

Electronic Books

Follow the guidelines for print books, adding collection (if there is one), URL and dateaccessed.

Rae, John. 1834. Statement of some new principles on the subject of politicaleconomy. Boston: Hillard, Gray and Company. In The Making of the ModernWorld,http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOME?af=RN&ae=U104874605&srchtp=a&ste=14(accessed June 22, 2009).

Journal Articles

For an article available in more than one format (print, online, etc.), cite whichever one you

used. Include some or all of the following elements in your reference list citations, in thisorder:

1. Author;2. Year of publication;3. Article title (capitalize titles and subtitles using sentence style; for example: Aristotle onmetaphor);4. Periodical title;5. Volume or Issue number (or both);6. Page numbers.

For online periodicals, add:

7. URL and date of access, or;8. Database name, URL and date of access (if available, include database publisher and cityof publication).
http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOME?af=RN&ae=U104874605&srchtp=a&ste=14http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOME?af=RN&ae=U104874605&srchtp=a&ste=14http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOME?af=RN&ae=U104874605&srchtp=a&ste=14http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOME?af=RN&ae=U104874605&srchtp=a&ste=14http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOME?af=RN&ae=U104874605&srchtp=a&ste=14http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOME?af=RN&ae=U104874605&srchtp=a&ste=14


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Print

Freedman, Lawrence. 1998. The changing roles of military conflict. Survival40, no. 4: 39-56.

Kirby, John T. 1997. Aristotle on metaphor. American Journal of Philology 118: 517-554.

Online

Mallan, Kerry, and Natasha Giardina. 2009. Wikidentities: Young people collaborating onvirtual identities in social network sites. First Monday 14, no. 6(June).http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2445/2213(accessed June 22, 2009).

Accessed Through an Online Database

Gaskill, Malcolm. 2008. The pursuit of reality: Recent research into the history ofwitchcraft. Historical Journal51, no. 4: 1069-1088.America: History & Life,EBSCOhost(accessed June 22, 2009).

Magazine Articles

For an article available in more than one format (print, online, etc.), cite whichever one youused.

Print

Goldberger, Paul. 1996. Machines for living: The architectonic allure of theautomobile.Architectural Digest(October): 82.

Online

Dickey, Christopher. 2008. Reflecting on race barriers. Newsweek, November15.http://www.newsweek.com/id/169302(accessed June 22, 2009).

Accessed Through an Online Database

Schlesinger Jr., Arthur M. 1966. McCarthyism is threatening us again. Saturday EveningPost239, no. 17: 10-12.Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost(accessed June 23, 2009).
http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2445/2213http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2445/2213http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2445/2213http://www.newsweek.com/id/169302http://www.newsweek.com/id/169302http://www.newsweek.com/id/169302http://www.newsweek.com/id/169302http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2445/2213


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Websites

In most cases, you will be citing something smaller than an entire website. If you are citing anarticle from a website, for example, follow the guidelines for articles above. You can usually

refer to an entire website in running text without including it in your reference list, e.g.:"According to its website, the Financial Accounting Board requires ...".If you need to cite an entire website in your reference list, include some or all of thefollowing elements, in this order:

1. Author or editor of the website (if known)2. Title of the website3. URL4. Date of access

Example:

Financial Accounting Standards Board.http://www.fasb.org(accessed April 29, 2009).
http://www.fasb.org/http://www.fasb.org/http://www.fasb.org/http://www.fasb.org/

Documents

Turabian Parenthetical Reference Style List