USING SNAKE AND LADDER GAME TO ENHANCE YEAR 4 PUPILS’ ABILITY TO CHANGE WORD FORMS FROM PRESENT TENSE TO

PAST TENSE 

INSTITUT PENDIDIKAN GURU KAMPUS TUANKU BAINUN, MENGKUANG, 14000 BUKIT MERTAJAM,

PULAU PINANG.

NAME : NURUL ATIKAH BT MUHAMAD ZUBAIRISUPERVISOR : TUAN HAJI LATIFF MUSTANUDDINPROGRAMME : 8 PISMP TESL / LGA/ SN

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND

Riedel (2008) emphasizes the benefit of using

games in improving learners’

achievement.

Games encourage learners to direct

their energy towards language

learning by providing them with meaningful contexts (Wright,

Betteridge and Buckby, 2005).

Crystal (2004) says, “Grammar is the structural foundation of our ability to

express ourselves.

Grammar games change students'

perceptions of grammar

instruction, motivate them to

do well and encourage them to use language

authentically.

REFLECTION OF PAST TEACHING EXPERIENCE

Tend to speak in present form when they talk something in the past rather than past tense form.

Pupils were having problem in changing verbs present tense to past tense.

Focus of investigation

Make grammatical errors when they speak or write in

the language.

ISSUE OF CONCERN

Cannot differentiate between the use of the simple present

tense and the simple past tense form.

Unable to use the correct tenses while writing and

speaking in English.

JUSTIFICATION FOR FOCUS STUDY

Workability

Collaboration

Significance Practicality

Relevance to school

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Mulyani Ratna Wulan (2010) stated that grammatical snakes and ladders game is a good way for teacher professional and

student development in learning and understanding simple past tense.

Mu’az Hakimi and Nazeri bin found that snake and ladder game can help

to improve the pupils’ ability in changing verb from present tense to

past tense correctly.

Nazatul Shima Tengku Paris and

Rahmah Lob Yussof (2012) revealed

that students were motivated to learn grammar by using

board game as supplement of

textbook.

RESEARCH FOCUS

Using snake and

ladder game

Enhance pupils’ ability to

change word form from

present tense to past tense.

STEPS IN PLAYING SNAKE AND LADDER GAME

1. Students will take turn to roll the dice and who gets the highest numbered goes first.

2. The first player roles the dice and count according to the numbered on the dice.

3. Wherever the player stop, he or she needs to change the verb present tense to past tense. For example, if he or she stops in number 5 so he or she needs to change the verb in the number 5.

4. If the player fails to change to word correctly, he has to move his marker back one square.

5. The player who has the highest answers will be the winner.

BENEFITS OF SNAKE AND LADDER GAME

Engage students

Promote teamwork

Build good sportsmanshi

p

Practice problem

solving skills

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE RESEARCH QUESTION

To investigate whether snake and ladder game can enhance pupils’ ability to change the word forms from present tense to past tense.To explore ways in which snake and ladder game can help to improve pupils’ ability to change the word forms from present tense to past tense.

can snake and ladder game enhance pupils’ ability to change the word forms from present tense to past tense?

how does snake and ladder game enhance pupils’ ability to change the word forms from present tense to past tense?

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE AND RESEARCH QUESTION

RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS

BACKGROUND OF SCHOOL

RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS

PUPILS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN 2015 MID TERM EXAMINATION

Grade A ( 85-100%)

Grade B (70 -84%)

Grade C (60-69 %)

Grade d (50-59%)

Grade e ( 40-49%)

Grade f (0-39%)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

No.

of p

upils

IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTION Planning phase: Identify a problem or issue that

interests or puzzles me which was my pupils having a problem in changing verbs present tense to past

tense.

Action phase: Implemented the plan or interventions that have been carefully developed to address a particular problem or sets of problems.

Observation phase: Systematic observations of particular, relevant aspects of classroom practice were made to determine what was happening.

Reflection phase: Reflected on what was happening whether my technique solve the

problem of my pupils or not.KEMMIS AND MCTAGGART MODEL

STEPS IN ACTION PLAN

Pre- test Intervention1 & reflective journal

Intervention 2 & reflective journal

Intervention 3 & reflective journal Post-test

Questionnaires

DATA COLLECTIONPost- test & Pre-test

- to investigate whether the snake and ladder game was able

to increase pupils’ ability in changing verb present tense to

past tense.

Document analysis ( pupils’ worksheet)

- record and analyse their progress and development.

Reflective journals- to check the progress

of my pupils’ participations during

my lesson.

Questionnaires- to obtain opinions

about the techniques that I used.

DATA ANALYSIS

Document analysis

Reflective journals

Pre and post-test

Questionnaires

PRE-TEST AND POST-TEST SCORES

A (85-100 %) B ( 70-84%) C (60-69%) D ( 50-59 %) F ( 01-39%)0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 01

0

29

9

13

3

5 5

Pre-test Post-test

No.

of p

artic

ipan

ts

SUMMARY SCORES OBTAINED BY THE RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS DURING INTERVENTION 1, INTERVENTION 2 AND INTERVENTION 3

A(85-100%) B(70-84%) C(60-69%) D(50-59%) E(40-49%) F(01-39%)0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

3

8

3

1

4

11

98

3

6

3

1

19

10

01

0 0

Intervention 1 Intervention 2 Intervention 3

No.

of p

artic

ipan

ts

SUMMARY OF QUESTIONNAIRES RESULT

1 2 3 4 50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

AGREEDISAGREE

ITEMS NO.

NO

. OF

RESE

ARCH

PAR

TICI

PAN

TS

CATEGORIES ITEMSAnalysis of the pupils’ interest toward snake and ladder game

I like snake and ladder game.

Analysis of the pupils’ perception toward snake and ladder game

I find that snake and ladder game easy to play.Snake and ladder game help me to remember verbs easily.

Analysis of the effectiveness of snake and ladder game

I learn new verbs through snake and ladder game.Snake and ladder game help me to remember verbs easily.

ANALYSIS OF THE PUPILS’ INTEREST TOWARD SNAKE AND LADDER GAME

NO. ITEM AGREE DISAGREE

1 I like snake and ladder game.

30 0

TOTAL 30 0

100%

PERCENTAGE OF PUPILS' INTEREST

AGREEDISAGREE

ANALYSIS OF THE PUPILS’ PERCEPTION TOWARD SNAKE AND LADDER GAME

NO. ITEM AGREE DISAGREE1 I find that snake and

ladder game easy to play.25 5

2 I find that it is easier to change word form from

present tense to past tense through snake and

ladder game

15 5

TOTAL 40 10

80%

20%

PERCENTAGE OF PUPILS' PERCEPTION

AGREEDISAGREE

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SNAKE AND LADDER GAME

NO. ITEM AGREE DISAGREE1 I learn new verbs through

snake and ladder game.20 10

2 Snake and ladder game help me to remember

verbs easily.

22 8

TOTAL 42 18

70%

30%

PERCENTAGE OF EFFECTIVENESSAGREE DISAGREE

RESULT FROM REFLECTIVE JOURNALS

Pupils’ participation

Problems in participation

Motivating factors

Effects

FINDINGS

• Research participants’ performance in changing word form from present tense to past tense

• Research participants’ ability to change word form from present tense to past tense.

• Research participants’ perception in using snake and ladder game

REFLECTION

STRENGTHS• Simple and handy board

games.• Lends themselves well to

revision exercises helping learners to recall a grammar material in a pleasant, entertaining way.

• Enable learners to acquire new experience within the foreign language that were not always possible during a typical lesson.

WEAKNESSES• Problem in determine the

winner.• Teacher needs extra energy

and preparation.• Board needed extra time to

prepare in order to make it interesting and provide meaningful contents.

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER

RESEARCH

Advisable to teach only 6 verbs for a

lesson if the pupils are in

lower- intermediate

level.

Need more variation in term

of topics, exercises and

rules.

Have a complete understanding

of the definitions of games, which

usually are defined as a form of play concerning

rules, competition,

and an element of fun.

REFERENCES• Mu’az Hakimi bin Zakaria, Nazeri bin Mohd Amin. The Use of

Snake and Ladder to Increase Pupils' Ability in Changing the Verb from Present Tense to Past Tense. 1-11.

• Tengku Nazatul Shima Tengku Paris, Rahmah Lob Yussof (2012). Enhancing Grammar Using Board Game. ScienceDirect , 213-221.

• Mulyani Ratna Wulan (2010). Using Grammatical Snake and Ladders Game in Teaching Simple Past Tense. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah , 1-113.

• Crystal, D.. (2004). Words And Deed. Available online at http://www.davidcrystal.com/DC_articles/Education2. pdf.