U n i t 3 L e s s o n 2 : U s e o f S e w i n g T o o l s

Unit 3 Lesson 2: Use of Sewing Tools (UT) Table of Contents

Introduction 2

Essential Questions 3

Reach our Goals! 3

Springboard 4

Learn about It! 5

Try It! 17 Different Sewing Machines 18

Try It! 24 Think about It! 25

Check Up 26

Skill Enhancer 27

Did You Know? 28

Wrap Up 29

Introspect: Self-Evaluation 30

Bibliography 31

Glossary 32 GRADE 7/8

1 Copyright © 2018 Quipper Limited

Use of Sewing Tools (UT) Introduction

Figure No.1 Sewing

Sewing is an important aspect to develop your fine motor skills, creativity, and other psychomotor skills. Every individual needs to develop how to identify different tools and equipment in sewing so that he or she will have an idea on how to use them properly. Moreover, having the skills in sewing can be a great help in designing your own clothes and dresses. This skill can be a source of livelihood and can develop your fashion sense. Knowing the proper sewing tools and equipment to use can save time, energy, and money. In addition, having knowledge on the uses of these tools and equipment can prevent any harm and risks.


Essential Questions

Reach our Goals!

In this lesson, you should be able to: ● Identify sewing tools and equipment; ● Describe uses of sewing tools; and ● Classify sewing machines.


Springboard Bring Me

Instructions: 1. The teacher will ask the students to bring the things she asks for. Example, “Bring me a

tailor’s chalk.” 2. The students will bring what the teacher asks. Example, he/she will bring a tailor’s chalk. 3. The first one who brings the tool will win the game if he/she can explain the use or

function of the tools. Example, “the tailor’s chalk is used to mark the seams and hem on the fabric.”

4. The fastest student with an accurate answer will win the game. Guide Questions:

1. Describe the tool. 2. What is the importance of the tool? 3. Where do you usually use the tool? 4. How do you take care of the tool? 5. Explain the method in storing and keeping the tool.


Learn about It!

The activity explains your prior knowledge on the tools and how to use them. In this lesson, you will gain a deeper understanding about different tools and equipment. You will also learn how to use them properly and gain understanding about the right way of taking care of them. Sewing Tools and Equipment and their Uses

Figure 2. Sample Sewing Tools and Equipment

Different Classifications of Sewing Tools

1. Measuring Tools - used to measure the exact length and width of the clothing 2. Drafting Tools - used to sketch the measurement of the clothing 3. Cutting Tools - used to remove unneeded threads, patterns and fabric 4. Marking Tools - used to guide where to sew the fabric 5. Sewing Aids - used in hand-sewing in general


Measuring Tools

Figure 3. Tape Measure

1. Tape Measure

Tape measure is used to take body measurements.

Figure 4. Ruler

2. Ruler

One of the most common measuring devices. It is a 12-inch long to help connect two points in drawing a straight line. It can be plastic or wood.

Figure 5. Sewing Gauge

3. Sewing Gauge

It is a small ruler with a sliding guide in the middle and is about six inches long. This gauge is used for measurements at hem lines, button holes, and areas where other small measurements require checking, such as pleats and tucks. The gauge is usually made of metal or plastic.


Drafting Tools

1. Manila Paper

This is where you sketch the draft of the measurement to create the patterns.

Figure 6. Manila paper

2. Yardstick

A yardstick is made of smooth, shellacked hardwood or metal. It is used for marking hemlines and checking grainlines when laying out the pattern.

Figure 7. Yard Stick

3. L-square

This is an aluminum ruler with 90◦ angle used to draw lines.

Figure 8. L square


4. French Curve

It is an instrument made of flat metal or wood used to shape the areas that need to be curved.

Figure 9. French Curves

Cutting Tools

1. Scissors

Scissors are used to cut threads, trim seams, slash, and cut buttonholes and excess fabric.

Types of Scissors

a. Trimming scissors - It is 3-4 inches long. It is used for trimmings, clipping threads, and snipping slashes.

b. Embroidery scissors - It has 4-5 inches finely tapered blades. Both points are sharp for use in working with fine details in delicate fabrics and in embroidery.

c. Buttonhole scissors - This is for making buttonholes.

Figure 10 Scissors


2. Shears

Shears are used for fabric.

Figure 11. Shears

Types of Shears

a. Bent-handled dressmaker’s shears - These are made of quality steel and hold a sharp cutting edge. The blades move easily and cut smoothly along the entire length and the points should come together. Shears have the length of 7- 12 inches and are satisfactory for most apparel fabrics.

a. All steels, chrome-plated shears are for heavy duty cutting

b. Stainless steel blades and plastic handles are fine for lightweight fabrics

c. Serrated edge shears give maximum cutting control and is used for synthetic fibers and slippery knits

b. Pinking Shears - This is used in zigzagging, scalloped edge, or for seam finishes. This is used to finish seams and raw edges and to create decorative edges on many types of fabric. It cuts a ravel-resistant edge. This is not useful for straight cutting.


3. Seam Ripper

This tool is intended for cutting off stitches of a seam.

Figure 12. Seam Ripper

4. Snip Thread

This is used to remove excess threads and loose fabrics or himulmol.

Figure 13. Snip Thread

Marking Tools

1. Tracing Wheel

This is an instrument that produces dots on the fabric.

Figure 14. Tracing Wheel


2. Tailor’s Chalk

It is used to mark the fabric. It is made of hard chalk and can be removed by brushing.

Figure 15. Tailor’s Chalk

3. Chalk Pencils/Dressmaker Pencils

This chalk pencil is used to make fine lines on fabric. It has an erasing brush at one end.

Figure 16. Chalk Pencil

4. Liquid Marking Pen

Liquid marking pens come in two types: one that washes out and one that fades after 48 hours. Those that wash out should not be used on fabric that show water marks. The mark should be removed before pressing the fabric.


Figure 17. Liquid Marking Pen

Sewing Aids

1. Needle

A needle is a sharp, pointed tool used in sewing.

Figure 18. Needle

3 TYPES OF NEEDLES

1. Sharp needle – have short oval eyes, used for ordinary hand stitching. 2. Crewels – have long, oval eyes, designed for embroidery work. 3. Millimeters- are longer than sharps and used for basting.


2. Thread

The thread type is determined by the color and weight of the fabric and should either match the fabric or should have a darker shade than the fabric.

Figure 19. Thread

Kinds of Threads

a. Mercerized cotton is strong and does not shrink. Ex. For light to medium weight fabrics

b. Synthetic thread is stronger than the cotton thread. Ex. For knitted, stretchable and man-made fabrics

c. Silk thread is durable and elastic. Ex. For animal fibers fabrics

3. Pins

Pins are used to hold the fabric while sewing or tracing. Choose fine, smooth, and sharp rust proof pins so it will not destroy the fabric when they are pinned.

Figure 20. Pins


4. Threader

This is a diamond shaped wire attached to a handle to insert the thread through the needle eye.

Figure 21. Threader

5. Thimble

Thimbles protect fingers from getting pricked while sewing.

Figure 22. Thimble

6. Pin Cushion

A pin cushion is used to hold pins and needles while sewing.

Figure 23. Pin Cushion


7. Emery Bag

An Emery bag is a small bag that looks like a pin cushion. It is filled with fine sand to polish and clean pins and needles. This is helpful to keep the needle from rusting.

Figure 24. Emery bag

8. Sewing Box

A sewing box is where you keep the different sewing tools.

Figure 25. Sewing box


Textile

It is commonly known as fabric which is made of natural or synthetic fibers that are knitted, woven, or felted together to create a cloth.

Fabric

It is a cloth or other material produced by weaving together cotton, nylon, wool, silk, or other threads.

Figure 26. Fabric and textiles


Try It! 1. Identify the function of each tool.

Sewing Tool Function

Sewing gauge

Seam ripper

Threader

Thimble

Pin cushion

2. What are the differences between bent-handled dressmaker’s shears and pinking shears? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What are the three types of needle? Explain their uses. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What are the three kinds of threads? Elaborate their differences. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Give one difference between the function of the pin cushion and an emery bag. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Different Sewing Machines

Types of Sewing Machines

1. Lockstitch Sewing Machine, also known as Domestic Sewing Machine

This is used at home and in school. It is run by foot or manual sewing and may also be converted to electric power machine.

FIgure 27. Lockstitch sewing machine

Two Major Parts of the Lockstitch Sewing Machine

The two major parts of the lockstitch sewing machine are the upper and lower parts.

a. The Upper Parts 1. Head is the complete sewing machine without a cabinet or stand. 2. Arm is the curve part of the head containing mechanism for operating the machine. 3. Bed is the flat portion of the machine. There is a feed dog where it is mounted, and the

shuttle and lower thread are placed.


A. Parts of the Sewing Machine in the Arm

1. Spool Pin is the thread holder.

2. Thread Guide keeps the thread in position.

3. Thread Take up Lever releases the thread and interlocks with the bobbin thread.

4. Presser bar lifter moves the presser foot.

5. Tension controls the looseness and tightness of stitches.

6. Needle Bar holds the needle in place.

7. Needle Clamp holds and tightens the needle.

8. Presser Foot holds the fabric in place while sewing.

9. Needle is a slender tool attached in the needle clamp used for sewing.

10. Bobbin Winder controls the bobbin while winding thread.

11. Stitch regulator checks the length of the stitches.

12. Balance Wheel sets the mechanism in motion.

13. Belt connects the balance wheel to the drive wheel.

14. Stop Motion Screw hinders moving when loosened and starts sewing.

B. Parts of Sewing Machine under the Bed

1. Feed Dog moves the fabric while sewing.

2. Throat plate is the windows of the feed dog and it is where the bobbin threads come out.

3. Slide plate is a movable plate that covers the shuttle and bobbin case.

4. Shuttle holds the bobbin case while sewing.

5. Bobbin is a metal spool for winding thread.

6. Bobbin Case holds the bobbin.


C. The Lower Parts of the Lockstitch Sewing Machine

The lower parts of the sewing machine are the cabinet and the stand. The cabinet has drawers and screw on the hinges for the attachment of the head.

The following are the lower parts of the sewing machine and their uses:

1. Band Wheel leads the balance wheel through the belt connection.

2. Band Wheel Crank moves the band wheel.

3. Pitman Rod holds the treadle to band wheel crank.

4. Belt Guide holds the belt to its place.

5. Belt Shifter removes the belt from the wheel.

6. Dress Guard protects the dress from the wheel.

7. Treadle is where the feet are stationed to drive the band wheel through the pitman rod.

8. Legs support the cabinet of the machine.

9. Cabinet holds the head of the machine by interlocking screw on the hinges.

2. Hi-Speed Lockstitch Sewing Machine

This is sometimes called straight stitching machine or industrial sewing machine. It has automatic lubrication and is used by tailors and dressmakers.

Figure 28. Hi-speed lockstitch sewing machine


3. Over Edging Machine

Other companies call it a small machine. It finishes the raw edges of the pattern for construction.

Figure 29. Over edging machine

4. Embroidery Machine

This is used in making fancy stitches and in making different kinds of embroidery stitches on fabrics for the Barong Tagalog, pillow cases, linen, and other novelty items.

Figure 30. Embroidery machine


5. Button-holer Machine

This is used in making buttonholes on garments.

Figure 31. Button-holer machine

6. Button Attachment Machine

This is used in attaching buttons to the garments.

Figure 32. Button attachment machine


7. Double Needle Machine

This is used in the construction of the different kinds of clothing especially for the inseam, outseam and side seam.

Figure 33. Double needle machine

8. Bartacking Machine

This is used in reinforcing the opening and closing of pockets.

Figure 34. Bartacking machine


Try It!

1. Identify the function of each machine.

Machine Function

Hi-Speed Lockstitch Sewing Machine

Over Edging Machine

Embroidery Machine

Button-holer Machine

Bartacking Machine

2. Give the three upper parts of a lockstitch sewing machine. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Why is it necessary to use different machines in sewing?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What is the use of a stop-motion screw? Explain. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


5. What is the use of a double needle machine? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Think about It!


Check Up

Read and understand the questions. Answer based on the instructions given.

A. True or False. Write TRUE if the sentence is correct, otherwise, write FALSE.

1. Liquid marking pens come in two types. There is one that washes out and one

that fades after 48 hours.

2. Bartacking machine is used in the construction of the different kinds of clothing especially for the inseam, outseam, and side seam.

3. A belt guide holds the treadle to band wheel crank. 4. A Thread Take up Lever releases the thread and interlocks with the bobbin

thread.

5. Arm is the curve part of the head containing mechanism for operating the machine.

B. Matching Type. Match the corresponding questions in A to the sewing tools or machines from B. Write your answers on the underline.

COLUMN A COLUMN B 1. It is a 3-4 inches long scissors. It is used for trimmings, clipping threads and snipping slashes. 2. These are shears made of quality steel and hold a sharp cutting edge. 3. This shears is used in zigzagging, scalloped edge, or for seam finishes. 4. This scissors is for making buttonholes. 5. It has 4-5 inches finely tapered blades scissors. Both points are sharp for use in working with fine details in delicate fabrics.


C. Identification. Identify the machines. 1. It finishes the raw edges of the pattern for construction. 2. This is used in attaching buttons to the garments. 3. It is run by foot or manual sewing and may also be converted to electric power

machine. 4. It has automatic lubrication and is used by tailors and dressmakers. 5. This is used in the construction of the different kinds of clothing especially for the

inseam, outseam, and side seam.

Skill Enhancer

F.U.N

Answer the following questions:

Feel. Understand. kNow. (F.U.N.)

Feel: What and why do I Feel toward topic, idea, or skill in question (link)?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Understand: What do I Understand about question (comprehension)?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

kNow: What do I need to kNow to Understand the question (clarity)?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Demonstration of the Sewing Tools

Demonstrate the proper use of different sewing tools.

RUBRICS

Criteria [1] Below expectations

[2] Needs

Improvement

[3] Successful

performance

[4] Exemplary

performance

Identification and explanation of sewing tools and equipment

Standards are not addressed. Lacks knowledge about the sewing tools and equipment.

Standards are somewhat addressed. There is sufficient knowledge about the sewing tools and equipment.

Standards are adequately addressed. The knowledge about the sewing tools and equipment is evident and smooth.

Further researched are shown. There is a smooth and good discussion of the sewing tools and equipment.

Demonstration of the lockstitch sewing machine preparation

Standards are not addressed. Lacks following of the procedure. Did not memorize the steps.

Standards are somewhat addressed. There is a sufficient knowledge about the lockstitch sewing machine. Sufficient memorization of steps.

Standards are adequately addressed. The preparation of the lockstitch sewing machine properly done. Some memorization of steps.

Further researched are shown. There is a good performance in showing the preparation and assembly of a lockstitch sewing machine. Memorize the steps.

Remarks TOTAL

Did You Know?

Back when there are still cavemen, over 17,000 years ago, they used bone needles for sewing and sinew thread to patch together pieces of leather to cover themselves when temperature was unbearable. The first textiles were also made from intertwined stems and grasses, this is a way of twisting short fibers and animal hairs into continuous strands evolved about 10,000 BC.


Wrap Up

Sewing Tools and Sewing Machines

Measuring Tools ● Tape Measure ● Ruler ● Sewing Gauge ● Yard Stick ● L-Square ● French Curve

Drafting Tools ● Manila Paper ● Ruler ● Yard stick ● L-Square ● French Curve ● Pencil

Cutting Tools ● Scissors ● Shears ● Seam ripper ● Snip thread

Marking Tools ● Tracing wheel ● Tailor’s Chalk ● Chalk Pencil/ Dressmaker pencil

Sewing Aids ● Needle ● Thread ● Pins ● Threader ● Thimble


● Pin cushion ● Emery bag ● Sewing box ● Textiles ● Fabric

Sewing Machines ● Lockstitch Sewing Machine ● Hi-Speed Lockstitch Sewing Machine ● Over Edging Machine ● Embroidery Machine ● Button-holer Machine ● Button Attachment Machine ● Double Needle Machine ● Bartacking Machine

Introspect: Self-Evaluation Check the appropriate box.

Skills

I still need to practice with maximum supervision

I can do some of the tasks but with minimum supervision

I can independently perform the tasks properly

I can classify sewing tools and machines

I can use the sewing tools and machines efficiently

I understand the


proper use of different sewing tools and machines

Bibliography

bieap.gov. “Sewing Equipment and Tools.” Accessed December 1, 2018. http://bieap.gov.in/Pdf/FGMPaperI.pdf

Department of Education-Philippines. “K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology

and Livelihood Education Learning Module: Dressmaking/Tailoring.” Accessed December 1, 2018. https://www.slideshare.net/salmanranaw/k-to-12-dressmaking-and-tailoring-learning-modules

Esmilla, M.V.C. (2013). “Harnessing your skills in HELE (K-12 Ed) (pp. 65-92)”. Tomas

Morato Ave., Quezon City: Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House, Inc.

Esmilla, M.V.C. (2013). “Harnessing your skills in HELE (K-12 Revised Ed) (pp. 18- 42)”. Tomas Morato Ave., Quezon City: Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House, Inc.

Utah State University. (2008). “Basic Sewing Supplies”. Accessed December 1, 2018.

https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1037&context=extension_curall

Weebly. (2018). “Sewing Tools and Equipment”. Accessed December 1, 2018.

https://phsclothingtech.weebly.com/sewing-tools-and-equipment.html


Glossary

● Altering - changing portion of a garment so that it fits the body.

● Cutting Tools - tools used in cutting materials

● Fabric - the cloth used in making garments.

● Measuring Tools - tools used to measure the size, width, and length of a material

● Sewing Machine - a textile machine used to stitch fabric, cards and other material with

thread.

● Sewing Tools - instruments that aid in accomplishing a sewing task

● Textile - It is commonly known as fabric which is made of natural or synthetic fibers

that are knitted, woven, or felted together to create a cloth.


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U n i t 3 L e s s o n 2 : U s e o f S e w i n g T o o l s