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Ultrasonic System 1
GENERAL ULTRASONIC SYSTEM
• TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
• ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCERS
• RECEIVER CIRCUIT
• MEASURING CIRCUIT
• ANALYZER CIRCUIT
• SIGNAL PROCESSOR
• DISPLAY CIRCUIT
Ultrasonic System 2
GENERAL ULTRASONIC SYSTEM
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Ultrasonic System 3
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Signal Generator Pulse Generator Modulator Electronic Switch Power Amplifier High Voltage Power Supply
Ultrasonic System 4
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT (1)
Pulse Generator
High Voltage Power Suply
Electronic Switch 100 V – 1500 V
Start
T
of
1T
Ultrasonic System 5
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT (2)
12 VSignal Generator
Pulse Generator
Modulator Power Amplifier
Start
fo
of
1
Ultrasonic System 6
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Transmitter Transducer Electric Acoustic Loudspeaker
Ultrasonic System 7
TRANSMITTER TRANSDUCER
Straight beam transducer Angle beam transducer Transmitter/Receiver (TR) transducer Focused transducer Immersion transducer
Ultrasonic System 8
ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER
Wide-band Transducer
Narrow-band Transducer
Ultrasonic System 9
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Radiated Waves : Longitudinal Wave Transversal Wave Rayleigh Wave
Ultrasonic System 10
RADIATED WAVES
Longitudinal wave Perpindahan partikel sejajar dengan arah gelombang
Transversal wave Perpindahan partikel tegak lurus arah gelombang
Rayleigh wave (surface wave) Perpindahan partikel berbentuk ellips
Ultrasonic System 11
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Received Waves : Reflected Wave Transmitted Wave Refracted Wave Diffracted Wave Scattered Wave
Ultrasonic System 12
RECEIVED WAVES
Transmitted wave
Reflected wave
Incident wave
Refracted wave
Incident wave
Ultrasonic System 13
RECEIVED WAVES
Scattered waveIncident wave
Diffracted wave
T R2
Incident wave
R1 R3
Ultrasonic System 14
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Receiver Transducer Acoustic Electric Microphone
Ultrasonic System 15
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Pre-Amp Low Pass Filter High Pass Filter Amplifier
Ultrasonic System 16
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
Pre-Amplifier LPF AmplifierHPF
Ultrasonic System 17
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Peak Detector Comparator Monostable Flip-Flop Oscillator Modulator Counter
Ultrasonic System 18
MEASURING CIRCUIT
Time Analysis
Monostable
Frequency Analysis
Amplitude AnalysisPeak Detector
Comparator
Receiver Circuit
Ultrasonic System 19
Start
Stop
Transmitted Signal
Received Signal
Reference Signal
Ultrasonic System 20
Time Measurement
Start
Stop
Oscillator
Flip-Flop Modulator Counter
Monostable 1
Monostable 2
Ultrasonic System 21
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Time Amplitude Frequency
Ultrasonic System 22
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
A/D Converter Microprocessor Micro Controller
Ultrasonic System 23
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Velocity Atenuation Frequency Contents
Ultrasonic System 24
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Calibration curve Neural network Spectroscopy Tomography
Ultrasonic System 25
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Oscilloscope Seven Segments Computer Display Liquid Crystal Detector
Ultrasonic System 26
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Materials : Metals, Polymers, Ceramics Concretes, Soils and Rocks Woods, Rubbers, Pulps Vegetables and Fruits Liquids and Gas
Ultrasonic System 27
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
RECEIVER CIRCUIT
MEASURING CIRCUIT
ANALYZER CIRCUIT
SIGNAL PROCESSOR
DISPLAY CIRCUIT
T R
OBJECT
Measured Variables : Mechanical Properties Physical Properties Chemical Properties Process Variables
Ultrasonic System 28
MEASURED VARIABLES
• Mechanical Properties– Young Modulus
– Shear Modulus
– Poisson Ratio
• Chemical Properties– Glucose Concentration
– Salt Concentration
– Liquid Composition
• Physical Properties– Porosity
– Compressive Strength
– Firmness
– Mass density
– Viscosity
• Process Variables– Temperature
– Pressure
– Flow
– Level
