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Unit 1: ExplorationChapters 1-2, Dual/AP/Honors
Chapter 1, CP
Discovering the New World (867-1607 AD)
Who discovered the New World first?
Theories Native Americans Vikings Chinese Irish missionaries Afro-Phoenicians
How did the first people come to the New World?
Siberian-Alaskan land bridge during the Ice Age 40,000 years ago Hunters, gatherers Followed woolly
mammoth herds
Ancient Cultures of the Americas
Agricultural Revolution 5,000-10,000 years ago Started in Mexico Corn, beans, peppers,
pumpkins Ancient Civilizations in
Central America Mayans Aztecs Incas
Native American Cultures
Native American Cultures Hunter-gatherers Farmers Fishing Organized governments and
religions
Anasazi (Cliff Dwellers)
Plains Indians
First Europeans Arrive(according to most textbooks)
Vikings (Norsemen, Danes) Scandinavia--Sweden,
Norway, Finland Heathens, dangerous Raids/pillaging Colonization
Iceland (867 AD) Greenland (982 AD) Vinland (1000 AD)
• Newfoundland Why do they get credit?
Ship building White
Vikings: Fact vs. FictionHorned helmets
SavagesPillagersUnclean
Eric the RedGreenland
Why didn’t word of discovery of this new continent spread?
Vikings did not get along with other Europeans.
Land bridge disappeared and Native Americans stopped coming.
Background for European Exploration
What Europe was like: Feudal system (peasants) Roman Catholic Church
Changes that brought about exploration: Crusades—holy wars in Middle East--military Increased trade with Orient--economic Protestant Reformation--religious Improvements in ship technology—rudder, map
making, compass, ship construction--scientific Rise of powerful nation-states who wanted
empires --political
Other Europeans Find the New World
Why did they explore? Find an all-water route
to Asia for spices To find gold and other
precious minerals. Expand their
knowledge of the world.
To have an empire. To expand Christianity. To find animal furs. Overland Trade Routes
Which countries sent explorers?
Spain—Columbus (1492—Bahamas), conquistadors
Italy Portugal France England
Major World Powers (1500)
Voyages of Exploration
Results of Exploration Rivalries developed
between European nation nationalism imperialism
Mercantilism—countries wanted to expand to boost their nation’s economies (Triangular Trade)
Cultural diffusion End to many Indian
cultures Disease—90% Murder
Mercantilism Belief that a nation’s wealth was
measured by how much gold and silver it had.
Belief that the government should regulate trade (taxes, tariffs).
Belief that a mother country and her colonies work together to be self-sufficient (Triangular Trade)
Triangular Trade
Worlds Collide Activity Your group will research one of the
following topics: Native Americans and Europeans Africans and Europeans
Answer these questions about your topic: What was the relationship between the groups? What advantages and disadvantages did each
group have? Which group dominated and why? What lasting effects did each group leave on
America?
European Colonization of the New World
European Power
Area Settled Methods of Land
Distribution/Settlement Patterns
Reasons for Colonization (economic,
religious, etc.)
Government Structure
Relationship with Native Americans
Contributions to America
BRITISH
SPANISH
FRENCH
DUTCH
Cultural Diffusion Meshing of cultures
Government Religion Language Foods Clothing Music Technology
(gunpowder, compass) Columbian Exchange
Old & New World Globalization
Columbus landing in New World