Unit 10- Age of Oil-BLACK GOLD!!! Texas History Bonham Middle
School 2013-2014
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Table of Contents Defining Characteristics Political Impact of
Oil Social Impact 0f Oil Economic Impact of Oil Farming Populism
Progressive Womens Suffrage Agrarian Groups Labor Unions Civil
Rights Movement
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Defining Characteristics Hurricane of 1900 Spindletop Populism
Progressive Era Texas Railroad Commission James Hogg Growth of
urban areas Womens Suffrage Temperance Movement Prohibition World
War I
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Political Impact of Oil Involvement of the Texas Railroad
Commission set limits to regulate and control oil prices
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Social Impact 0f Oil Growth of cities and rise of boomtowns
Increased jobs and oil-related services Development of other parts
of the state Growth of automobile industry
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Economic Impact of Oil Improved the standard of living in
Texas
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Farming Reconstruction to Progressive Era Agriculture was the
leading industry in Texas Expansion of urban areas created demand
of agricultural products The value of agricultural products
increased Farmers continued to increase the production of
agricultural products Farmers began to organize and machines were
used to produce goods faster and more efficiently Prices began to
drop because there were too many agricultural products on the
market
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Populism Populism Nationwide movement of rural citizens who had
not benefited from the modern lifestyle made by the growth in
industry Goal in Texas Wanted the government of the people to
protect the interests of common workers Farmers Alliance (farmers,
ranchers, and farm laborers) spread throughout South Texas forming
their own party in 1892. They called themselves the Peoples Party
or Populist Party Demanded government regulation of businesses;
public ownership of the railroads, telephone, and telegraph lines;
and elimination of the national banking system Called for labor
reform, a graduated income tax, and the direct election of U.S.
Senators (17th Amendment 1913) Supported the creation of public
warehouses where farmers could store their excess crops until
prices increased Won some elections in 1892 and 1894 at the state
level but movement faded after 1896 because the Democratic Party
began to adopt many of the Populists ideas.
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Progressive Legislative reforms were passed in the areas of
labor, child labor, education, prisons, banking, and public safety.
These reforms continue protecting Texans. Most reforms ignored
minorities
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Womens Suffrage 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote in
the United States. The Texas Equal Suffrage Association supported
and campaigned for the passage of this amendment
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Agrarian Groups Grange The Grange or Patrons of Husbandry
organized in Texas in 1873. Offered cooperation in business,
happier home lives, more social contacts, and better educational
opportunities
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Labor Unions Texas Farmers Union 1902 A small newspaper editor
from Point organized this Union after the failure of the Populists
Party. They were active in agricultural and rural public
policies
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Civil Rights Movement Turn of the 20th Century grew out of the
Temperance Movement Early 1900s Chapters of the Texas Womens
Suffrage Movement were formed in major Texas cities 1929 League of
United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) was formed in Corpus Christi
to support the rights for Spanish- speaking people The Texas Equal
Suffrage Association supported and campaigned for the passage of
this amendment. August 18, 1920 19th Amendment gave women the right
to vote in the United States. 1920s Jane McCallum was a member of
the "Petticoat Lobby," which worked for education, prison reform,
prohibition, mother and child health, literacy, and the elimination
of child labor. She was appointed as Secretary of State under
Governor Dan Moody
