Unit 2: Part A The Gratitude We Need 21st Century College English: Book 4

Unit 2: Part AUnit 2: Part AUnit 2: Part AUnit 2: Part A

The Gratitude The Gratitude

We NeedWe Need

21st Century College English: Book 421st Century College English: Book 4

• Pre-Reading Activities

• Text A: Language Points

• Exercises

• Assignment

Unit 2: Part AUnit 2: Part A

The Gratitude We NeedThe Gratitude We Need

Pre-Reading ActivitiesPre-Reading Activities

• Preview

• Pre-Reading Listening

Sometimes it seems that the greatest difficulty in life is simply Sometimes it seems that the greatest difficulty in life is simply finding a way to coexist peacefully with our neighbors. In this unit, finding a way to coexist peacefully with our neighbors. In this unit, you will receive some advice from the experts on how to meet this you will receive some advice from the experts on how to meet this challenge. Text A “The Gratitude We Need,” explains how simply challenge. Text A “The Gratitude We Need,” explains how simply taking the time to show appreciation for the efforts of others can taking the time to show appreciation for the efforts of others can make the world a better place. Text B is adapted from a speech given make the world a better place. Text B is adapted from a speech given at Harvard University by Judith Martin, who writes a newspaper at Harvard University by Judith Martin, who writes a newspaper column on the proper way to behave. Her speech explains “Why column on the proper way to behave. Her speech explains “Why Manners Matter” more than ever in today’s world. Finally, American Manners Matter” more than ever in today’s world. Finally, American religious leader Norman Vincent Peale was made famous in the religious leader Norman Vincent Peale was made famous in the 1950’s by his self-help book The Power of Positive Thinking in Text 1950’s by his self-help book The Power of Positive Thinking in Text C, he explains why he explains why he feels courtesy is the “Key to C, he explains why he explains why he feels courtesy is the “Key to a Happier World.” a Happier World.”


PreviewPreview

Before listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following woBefore listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words. Then listen to the tape again choose the best answers for the frds. Then listen to the tape again choose the best answers for the following questions.ollowing questions.

fare 乘客 buck （俚）一元 trace 找到

glare 盯视 gratitude 感激 gracefully 得体地


Check-upCheck-upCheck-upCheck-up

1.1. How did the man who had lost his wallet react to it being rHow did the man who had lost his wallet react to it being returned? eturned?

A)A) He acted hostile towards the cabdriver. He acted hostile towards the cabdriver.

B)B) He took it without a word, but smiled his thanHe took it without a word, but smiled his thanks. ks.

C)C) He gave the driver some money, but no thanks.He gave the driver some money, but no thanks.

D)D) He thanked the driver, but gave him no rewarHe thanked the driver, but gave him no reward.d.

1.1. How did the man who had lost his wallet react to it being rHow did the man who had lost his wallet react to it being returned? eturned?

A)A) He acted hostile towards the cabdriver. He acted hostile towards the cabdriver.

B)B) He took it without a word, but smiled his thanHe took it without a word, but smiled his thanks. ks.

C)C) He gave the driver some money, but no thanks.He gave the driver some money, but no thanks.

D)D) He thanked the driver, but gave him no rewarHe thanked the driver, but gave him no reward.d.


2.2. What does the story of the cabdriver show? What does the story of the cabdriver show?

A)A) Cabdrivers are usually honest people. Cabdrivers are usually honest people.

B)B) People need to be shown gratitude. People need to be shown gratitude.

C)C) You should always give a tip for good service. You should always give a tip for good service.

D)D) It’s not worthwhile to help other people.It’s not worthwhile to help other people.

2.2. What does the story of the cabdriver show? What does the story of the cabdriver show?

A)A) Cabdrivers are usually honest people. Cabdrivers are usually honest people.

B)B) People need to be shown gratitude.People need to be shown gratitude.

C)C) You should always give a tip for good service. You should always give a tip for good service.

D)D) It’s not worthwhile to help other people.It’s not worthwhile to help other people.


3.3. Which of the following is NOT an example of expressing gWhich of the following is NOT an example of expressing gratitude? ratitude?

A)A) returning wallet someone has left behindreturning wallet someone has left behind

B)B) gracefully receiving an act of kindness from gracefully receiving an act of kindness from another personanother person

C)C) thanking and praising coworkers, family and thanking and praising coworkers, family and friendsfriends

D)D) making a small gesture of appreciationmaking a small gesture of appreciation

3.3. Which of the following is NOT an example of expressing gWhich of the following is NOT an example of expressing gratitude? ratitude?

A)A) returning wallet someone has left behindreturning wallet someone has left behind

B)B) gracefully receiving an act of kindness from gracefully receiving an act of kindness from another personanother person

C)C) thanking and praising coworkers, family and thanking and praising coworkers, family and friendsfriends

D)D) making a small gesture of appreciationmaking a small gesture of appreciation


4.4. Why does the author consider the gratitude so important? Why does the author consider the gratitude so important?

A)A) It keeps people from getting angry. It keeps people from getting angry.

B)B) It helps you to get what you want. It helps you to get what you want.

C)C) It makes others like you more. It makes others like you more.

D)D) It makes the world a more pleasant place to liIt makes the world a more pleasant place to live.ve.

4.4. Why does the author consider the gratitude so important? Why does the author consider the gratitude so important?

A)A) It keeps people from getting angry. It keeps people from getting angry.

B)B) It helps you to get what you want. It helps you to get what you want.

C)C) It makes others like you more. It makes others like you more.

D)D) It makes the world a more pleasant place to liIt makes the world a more pleasant place to live.ve.


ScriptScriptScriptScript

As I got into a taxi one afternoon, the driver was very angry abouAs I got into a taxi one afternoon, the driver was very angry about something that had happened to him earlier that day. Here’s how he t something that had happened to him earlier that day. Here’s how he told the story:told the story:

““One of my fares left a wallet in my cab this morning. Nearly threOne of my fares left a wallet in my cab this morning. Nearly three hundred bucks in it. I spent more than an hour trying to trace the ge hundred bucks in it. I spent more than an hour trying to trace the guy. Finally I found him at his hotel. He took the wallet without a word uy. Finally I found him at his hotel. He took the wallet without a word and glared at me as though I’d meant to steal it.”and glared at me as though I’d meant to steal it.”

““He didn't give you a reward?” I asked.He didn't give you a reward?” I asked.

““Not a cent. But it wasn’t the money I wanted,” he fumbled, then Not a cent. But it wasn’t the money I wanted,” he fumbled, then exploded. “If the guy had only said something…”exploded. “If the guy had only said something…”

Why was the driver so upset? All he wanted was something simpWhy was the driver so upset? All he wanted was something simple, but even more valuable than money: to be thanked for his efforts. le, but even more valuable than money: to be thanked for his efforts. In short, what he wanted, what he needed but did not get, was a little In short, what he wanted, what he needed but did not get, was a little bit of gratitude. bit of gratitude.

Gratitude is the art of receiving gracefully, of showing Gratitude is the art of receiving gracefully, of showing appreciation for, every act of kindness, big or small, that others do appreciation for, every act of kindness, big or small, that others do for you.for you.

Gratitude can take many forms:Gratitude can take many forms:

It can be expressed by a large, dramatic gesture or it can be It can be expressed by a large, dramatic gesture or it can be shown in a small way, like finding a very original and personal way shown in a small way, like finding a very original and personal way to say thanks for a friend’s gift.to say thanks for a friend’s gift.

Sometimes gratitude is anonymous. Sometimes it is very Sometimes gratitude is anonymous. Sometimes it is very personal, such as when we take the time to thank and praise personal, such as when we take the time to thank and praise coworkers, family and friends instead of taking them for granted.coworkers, family and friends instead of taking them for granted.

We can never express our gratitude too much, the people around We can never express our gratitude too much, the people around us build up their approach to life out of all the little gestures of us build up their approach to life out of all the little gestures of appreciation we all make. The smiles and the thanks we give help us appreciation we all make. The smiles and the thanks we give help us to build a better world, one that we can all live in and enjoy. to build a better world, one that we can all live in and enjoy.


Language PointsLanguage Points

The Gratitude The Gratitude We NeedWe Need

The Gratitude The Gratitude We NeedWe Need

Text A:

The Gratitude We Need The Gratitude We Need

A.J.Cronin

11 On a fine afternoon in New York, I got into a taxi. From the driveOn a fine afternoon in New York, I got into a taxi. From the drive

r’s expression and the way he r’s expression and the way he slammed in his in his gears, I could tell that , I could tell that

he was upset. I asked him what was the trouble. “I’ve he was upset. I asked him what was the trouble. “I’ve

got good reason to be sore,” he growled. “One of my fares left a walle,” he growled. “One of my fares left a walle

t in my cab this morning. Nearly three hundred t in my cab this morning. Nearly three hundred bucks in it. I spent m in it. I spent m

ore than an hour trying to trace the guy. Finally I found him at his hoore than an hour trying to trace the guy. Finally I found him at his ho

tel. He took the wallet tel. He took the wallet without a word and and glared at me as though I’d me as though I’d

meant to steal it.”meant to steal it.”


22 “He didn't give you a reward?” I exclaimed. “He didn't give you a reward?” I exclaimed.

33 “Not a cent. But it wasn’t the dough I wanted...” he fumbled, the“Not a cent. But it wasn’t the dough I wanted...” he fumbled, the

n exploded, “If the guy had only said something...” n exploded, “If the guy had only said something...”

44

Because his helpful, honest act had not been appreciated, that cabdriver’

s day was poisoned, and I knew he would think twice before rendering a

similar service

. The need for gratitude is something we all feel, and . The need for gratitude is something we all feel, and denial of it can it can

do much to harm the spirit of kindness and cooperation.do much to harm the spirit of kindness and cooperation.


55 During World War II a mother in During World War II a mother in Cincinnati received a letter from

her son in the army in which he spoke of a woman in a village in

Normandy who had taken him into her home when he was wounded and

hungry, and hidden him from the Germans. Later on, unhappily, the boy

was killed in the Ardennes offensive.

Yet the mother was moved by an irresistible intention. She saved up for

two years, crossed the Atlantic and

located the village referred to by her son. After many inquiries, she found

the woman who had sheltered her


son — the wife of an impoverished farmer — and son — the wife of an impoverished farmer — and pressed a package

into her hand. It was the gold wristwatch her son had received on his

graduation, the only object of real value the boy had ever possessed.

The mother’s act of gratitude so touched people’s

hearts that it has become something of a legend in and around the villag

e

.

It has done more than fine speeches to foster good feeling toward Americ

ans

.


66 Gratitude is the Gratitude is the art of receiving gracefully, of showing appreciation

for every kindness, great and small. Most of us do not fail to show our

pleasure when we receive hospitality, gifts and obvious benefits,

but even here we can perfect our manner of showing gratitude by making

it as personal and sincere as possible

. Recently, when touring in southern Italy with my wife,


I sent to a friend in I sent to a friend in Connecticut several bottles of a local wine which

had taken our fancy. It was a trifling gift, yet to our surprise, instead of the

conventional letter of thanks, we receive a phonograph record. When we

played it, we heard our friend’s voice speaking after dinner, describing

how he and his guests had enjoyed the wine and thanking us for our

thoughtfulness. It was pleasant to have this unusual proof that our gift

had been appreciated.


77 Gratitude is sometimes more than a personal affair. My son, Gratitude is sometimes more than a personal affair. My son,

studying medicine at studying medicine at McGill University, told me of a patient brought into

hospital in Montreal whose life was saved by a blood transfusion. When

he was well again he asked: “Isn’t there any way I can discover the name

of the donor and thank him?” He was told that names of donors are never

revealed. A few weeks after his discharge he came back to give a pint of

his own blood. Since then he has returned again and again for the same

purpose. When a surgeon commented on this splendid record of

anonymous service, he answered simply: “Someone I never knew did it

for me. I’m just saying ‘thanks’ “.


88 It is a comforting thought that It is a comforting thought that

gratitude can be not merely a passing sentiment but a renewal which can, in some instances, persist for a lifetime. A husband who recalls appreciatively some generous or unselfish act on his wife’s part, or a wife who never forgets the gifts her husband has given her, does much to keep the domestic wheels spinning smoothly. W.H. Hudson, British author and naturalist, has written: “One evening I brought home a friend to share our usual evening meal. Afterward he said to me: “You are fortunate to have a wife who, despite ill health and children to look after, cooks such excellent meals.” That tribute opened my eyes and taught me to show gratitude for my wife’s day-to-day heroism, which I had hitherto taken for granted.”


99

It is, above all, in the little things that the grace of gratitude should be mo

st employed

. The boy who delivers our paper, the milkman, the mailman, the barber,

the waitress at a restaurant, the elevator operator — all

oblige us in one way or another.

By showing our gratitude we make routine relationships human and rend

er monotonous tasks more agreeable

.


1010 A patient of mine in London who worked as a bus conductor A patient of mine in London who worked as a bus conductor

once once confided to me, “I get fed up with my job sometimes. People

grumble, bother you, haven’t got the right change for their tickets. But

there’s one lady on my bus morning and evening, and she always thanks

me in a particularly friendly way when I take her ticket. I like to think she’s

speaking for all the passengers. It helps me to keep smiling.”


11 11 Arnold Bennett had a publisher who had a publisher who boasted about the extraordinar the extraordinar

y efficiency of his secretary. One day Bennett said to her, “Your emy efficiency of his secretary. One day Bennett said to her, “Your em

ployer claims that you are extremely efficient. What is your secret?” ployer claims that you are extremely efficient. What is your secret?”

“It’s not my secret,” the secretary replied. “It’s his.” Each time she p“It’s not my secret,” the secretary replied. “It’s his.” Each time she p

erformed a service, no matter how small, he never failed to acknowlerformed a service, no matter how small, he never failed to acknowl

edge it. Because of that she edge it. Because of that she took infinite pains with her work.her work.

1212 Some persons Some persons refrain from expressing their gratitude because t expressing their gratitude because they feel it will not be welcome. A patient of mine, a few weeks after hey feel it will not be welcome. A patient of mine, a few weeks after his discharge from the hospital, came back to thank his nurse. “I dihis discharge from the hospital, came back to thank his nurse. “I didn’t come back sooner,” he explained, “because I imagined you mudn’t come back sooner,” he explained, “because I imagined you must be bored to death with people thanking you.”st be bored to death with people thanking you.”


1313 ““On the contrary,” she replied, “I am delighted you came. Few

realize how much we need encouragement and how much we are helped

by those who give it.”

1414 Gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much. For

on the smiles, the thanks we give, our little gestures of appreciation, our

neighbors build up their philosophy of life.

(1061 words)(1061 words)


Text-related informationText-related information

A.J.Cronin, Scottish novelist and A.J.Cronin, Scottish novelist and

accomplished storyteller. Gained accomplished storyteller. Gained

fame with his novel fame with his novel Hatter’s Hatter’s

CastleCastle(1931). He produced several (1931). He produced several

bestsellers with social concerns. bestsellers with social concerns.

Cronin continued to wrote until he Cronin continued to wrote until he

was in his eightieth year. His book was in his eightieth year. His book

also gained a wide audience also gained a wide audience

through files and television.through files and television. A.A. J. CroninJ. Cronin 克罗宁克罗宁(1896-1981)(1896-1981)

to slam sth.to slam sth.

— — vv. shut, put, push,throe or knock with great force.. shut, put, push,throe or knock with great force.

The act of slamming always involves great force and usuThe act of slamming always involves great force and usually a loud noise.ally a loud noise.

Examples:Examples:

•• The door The door slammedslammed. .

•• I was so annoyed that I just I was so annoyed that I just slammedslammed the phone the phone down. down.

gearsgears

— — nn. (pl) set of toothed wheels which fit into another set t. (pl) set of toothed wheels which fit into another set to transmit power from a vehicle’s engine to its road wheo transmit power from a vehicle’s engine to its road wheels. els. （机动车辆）传动装置，排挡（机动车辆）传动装置，排挡

Examples:Examples:

•• The car has four forward The car has four forward gearsgears （前进挡）（前进挡） and one rand one reverse everse geargear （倒挡（倒挡）） ..

have (every) good reason to do sth.have (every) good reason to do sth.

—— be fully justified to do sth.be fully justified to do sth.

Examples:Examples:

•• We We have good reason tohave good reason to mistrust you. mistrust you.

•• The police The police have very good reason tohave very good reason to believe he is believe he is guilty.guilty.

More to learnMore to learnMore to learnMore to learn

sore sore a.a.

1)1) painful or aching from a wound, infection or (of musclpainful or aching from a wound, infection or (of muscles) hard usees) hard use

2)2) (AmE) angry, esp, from feeling unjustly treated.(AmE) angry, esp, from feeling unjustly treated.

Examples:Examples:

•• My feet are My feet are soresore from all that running yesterday. from all that running yesterday.

•• Don’t joke about his weight; it’s rather a Don’t joke about his weight; it’s rather a soresore point point with him.with him.

buckbuck

— — nn. (Am sl.) = U. S. dollar. (Am sl.) = U. S. dollar

Other informal American expressions for money includeOther informal American expressions for money include

dough,bread,moola(h) and greenback.dough,bread,moola(h) and greenback.

Examples:Examples:

•• The drinks cost me four The drinks cost me four bucksbucks..

•• How the hell could we scrape up enough How the hell could we scrape up enough doughdough to to pay him off.pay him off.

without a word without a word

—— without saying anything. Here it refers to word of without saying anything. Here it refers to word of gratitude.gratitude.

Examples:Examples:

•• He left He left without a wordwithout a word..

•• He took away the book He took away the book without a wordwithout a word, which made , which made me rather angry.me rather angry.

glare atglare at

—— to look in an angry way.to look in an angry way.

Examples:Examples:

•• They didn’t fight, but stood there They didn’t fight, but stood there glaring at glaring at one anotone another.her.

•• He didn’t shout or swear, but just He didn’t shout or swear, but just glared silently at glared silently at me.me.

Because his helpful, honest act had not been Because his helpful, honest act had not been appreciated, that cabdriver’s day was poisoned, and I appreciated, that cabdriver’s day was poisoned, and I knew he would think twice before rendering a similar knew he would think twice before rendering a similar service. service.

Translate the sentence:Translate the sentence:

??

Key:Key:

由于他助人为乐的诚实行为没有得到认可，那位出租车司机由于他助人为乐的诚实行为没有得到认可，那位出租车司机一天的心情都被搅糟了。我相信他下次向他人伸出援助之手一天的心情都被搅糟了。我相信他下次向他人伸出援助之手之前可能就会考虑再三。之前可能就会考虑再三。


to poison (an occasion, a situation, relationship, etc.) to poison (an occasion, a situation, relationship, etc.)

—— to spoil it in an unpleasant and nasty way so that you to spoil it in an unpleasant and nasty way so that you no longer feel happy and optimistic about it.no longer feel happy and optimistic about it.

Examples:Examples:

•• The quarrel The quarrel poisoned poisoned our friendship.our friendship.

•• The long dispute has The long dispute has poisoned poisoned relations between the relations between the two countries.two countries.


to think twice (again) before (about) doing sth.to think twice (again) before (about) doing sth.

—— to think carefully before deciding to do sth.to think carefully before deciding to do sth.

Examples:Examples:

•• You’ve got to You’ve got to think twice before think twice before you spend 100 yuan you spend 100 yuan on a book.on a book.

•• You should You should think twice about think twice about employ someone you’vemploy someone you’ve never met.e never met.


render render vt.vt.

1)1) give (esp. sth. abstract, such as help, service, give (esp. sth. abstract, such as help, service, thanks, etc.) thanks, etc.)

2)2) cause (sb. or sth.) to be in a certain conditioncause (sb. or sth.) to be in a certain condition

Examples:Examples:

•• We would never have succeeded without the aid you We would never have succeeded without the aid you rendered rendered ..

•• Your action has Your action has renderedrendered our contract invalid. our contract invalid.


serviceservice

—— nn. something one does that helps or benefits another or . something one does that helps or benefits another or othersothers

Examples:Examples:

•• You did me a great You did me a great service service by showing me the truth.by showing me the truth.

•• In a sense he did do a In a sense he did do a serviceservice to British journalists. to British journalists.

denial of sth.denial of sth.

—— nn. a refusal to give or allow. a refusal to give or allow

Examples:Examples:

•• They protested against the They protested against the denial denial of basic human of basic human freedoms.freedoms.

•• Sex discrimination is the most basic Sex discrimination is the most basic denialdenial of equal of equal opportunities.opportunities.


Cincinnati is the third largest

city of Ohio, and busy hub of a

seven-county metropolitan area

in three states. It is

picturesquely situated between

the Little Miami and Great Miami

rivers where they empty into the

Ohio. The city is encircled by

hills and is a major industrial

center.

CincinnatiCincinnati

辛辛那提辛辛那提


NormandyNormandy

A historic and cultural region coextensive with the former A historic and cultural region coextensive with the former

province of Normandy, France. Normandy was the province of Normandy, France. Normandy was the

location of the Allied invasion of German-occupied location of the Allied invasion of German-occupied

France during World War II. France during World War II.


The Ardnnes offensiveThe Ardnnes offensive

Also called the battle of Ardennes, or the battle of Bulge (Dec. 16, Also called the battle of Ardennes, or the battle of Bulge (Dec. 16,

1944-Jan.16,1945), the Ardennes offensive was the last German off1944-Jan.16,1945), the Ardennes offensive was the last German off

ensive on the Western Front during ensive on the Western Front during World War II. It was an unsuccWorld War II. It was an unsucc

essful attempt to push the Allies back from the German home territessful attempt to push the Allies back from the German home territ

ory. The name “Battle of Bulge” was appropriated from Winston Cory. The name “Battle of Bulge” was appropriated from Winston C

hurchill’s optimistic description, in May 1940, of the resistance thahurchill’s optimistic description, in May 1940, of the resistance tha

t he mistakenly supposed was being offered to the Germans’ breakt he mistakenly supposed was being offered to the Germans’ break

through in that area just before the Anglo-French collapse. The “bthrough in that area just before the Anglo-French collapse. The “b

ulge” refers to the wedge that the Germans drove into the Allied linulge” refers to the wedge that the Germans drove into the Allied lin

eses..

Yet the mother was moved by an irresistible Yet the mother was moved by an irresistible intentionintention


??

Key:Key:

母亲却为完成愿望的坚定决心所激励着。母亲却为完成愿望的坚定决心所激励着。

to locate (some place) to locate (some place)

— — to learn the position of to learn the position of

Examples:Examples:

•• We We locatedlocated the schools and shops as soon as we the schools and shops as soon as we moved into the town.moved into the town.

•• I am trying to I am trying to locate locate Mr..Green. Do you know where Mr..Green. Do you know where he is?he is?


refer to refer to

— — to mention, speak of. to mention, speak of.

Examples:Examples:

•• When I said somebody is stupid, I wasn’t When I said somebody is stupid, I wasn’t referring toreferring to you.you.

•• Which one did you Which one did you refer to refer to when you mentioned “yo when you mentioned “you”.u”.

press (into, on, upon,etc)press (into, on, upon,etc)

— — giving in a very forceful way, allowing no refusal to giving in a very forceful way, allowing no refusal to accept accept

Examples:Examples:

•• Mary Mary pressed pressed money money into into John’s hand to express her John’s hand to express her gratitude.gratitude.

•• His aunt His aunt pressed upon pressed upon him cups of tea and chocolate him cups of tea and chocolate cookies.cookies.

The mother’s act of gratitude so touched people’s The mother’s act of gratitude so touched people’s heart that it has become something of a legend in and heart that it has become something of a legend in and around the village.around the village.


??

Key:Key:

母亲表示感激的行动深深地触动了人们的心灵，成为有口皆母亲表示感激的行动深深地触动了人们的心灵，成为有口皆碑的传奇故事，在村子的周围广为流传碑的传奇故事，在村子的周围广为流传。。


something of something of

— — to a degree but not complete to a degree but not complete

Examples:Examples:

•• George found himself George found himself something of something of a celebrity a celebrity （小有（小有名气）名气） ..

•• He is He is something of something of an expert on linguistics. an expert on linguistics.


legendlegend

— — a very old story or set of stories from ancient times, a very old story or set of stories from ancient times, or the stories that people tell about a famous event or the stories that people tell about a famous event or person. or person.

Examples:Examples:

•• Elvis Presley Elvis Presley （猫王）（猫王） is one of the greatis one of the great legends legends of pof pop music.op music.

•• His bravery behind the enemy lines is now His bravery behind the enemy lines is now legendlegend..

It has done more than fine speeches to foster good It has done more than fine speeches to foster good feeling towards Americans.feeling towards Americans.


??

Key:Key:

它比出色的演讲更能让人培养起对美国人的好感。它比出色的演讲更能让人培养起对美国人的好感。

an artan art

— — an activity of a high level of skill or a special abilityan activity of a high level of skill or a special ability

Examples:Examples:

•• It is important to learn It is important to learn the art the art of appearing confident of appearing confident in an interviewin an interview

•• Treading needle is an Treading needle is an art art in itself.in itself.

but even here we can perfect our manner of showing but even here we can perfect our manner of showing gratitude by making it as personal and sincere as gratitude by making it as personal and sincere as possible.possible.


??

Key:Key:

即使在这种情况下，我们也可以尽量通过真诚和个人化的方即使在这种情况下，我们也可以尽量通过真诚和个人化的方式使我们表达感激的形式尽善尽美。式使我们表达感激的形式尽善尽美。


American history is deeply rooted American history is deeply rooted

in Connecticut, one of the 13 in Connecticut, one of the 13

original states. It is known as the original states. It is known as the

Constitution State because the Constitution State because the

set of laws by which the first set of laws by which the first

settlers agreed to govern settlers agreed to govern

themselves – the Fundamental themselves – the Fundamental

Orders of Connecticut(1639) – Orders of Connecticut(1639) –

embodied the first laws that embodied the first laws that

recognized the people as the real recognized the people as the real

basis of civil authority. This basis of civil authority. This

principle was later incorporated principle was later incorporated

in the United States Constitution. in the United States Constitution.

ConnecticutConnecticut

康涅狄格州康涅狄格州

take / catch one’s fancytake / catch one’s fancy

— — please or attract sb.please or attract sb.

Examples:Examples:

•• The idea of being an actress quite The idea of being an actress quite took her fancytook her fancy..

•• She saw a suit in the shop window and it She saw a suit in the shop window and it caught her caught her fancy fancy immediately.immediately.


McGillMcGill

McGill is an international university whose main McGill is an international university whose main

language of instruction is English. Located in Montreal, language of instruction is English. Located in Montreal,

Quebec, Canada, McGill’s 22 faculties and professional Quebec, Canada, McGill’s 22 faculties and professional

schools offer over 3,000 programs at the schools offer over 3,000 programs at the

undergraduate, graduate and doctoral levels.undergraduate, graduate and doctoral levels.


Montreal is a cosmopolitan city Montreal is a cosmopolitan city

in Quebec, Canada, in which in Quebec, Canada, in which

about two thirds of the people about two thirds of the people

speak French the culture here speak French the culture here

also remains French. Montreal also remains French. Montreal

is the second largest inland is the second largest inland

seaports. The commercial hub seaports. The commercial hub

of Canada, it is a leading of Canada, it is a leading

financial and manufacturing financial and manufacturing

canter. It is also one of canter. It is also one of

Canada’s oldest cities. Canada’s oldest cities.

MontrealMontreal

蒙特利而蒙特利而

Isn’t there any way (that)…Isn’t there any way (that)…

— — Is it possible that…?Is it possible that…?

Examples:Examples:

•• Isn’t there any way Isn’t there any way I can talk to him in person.I can talk to him in person.

•• Isn’t there any way thatIsn’t there any way that the murderer has already the murderer has already escaped to another place?escaped to another place?

gratitude can be gratitude can be not merelynot merely a passing sentiment but a passing sentiment but a renewal which can, in some instances, persist for a a renewal which can, in some instances, persist for a lifetime.lifetime.


??

Key:Key:

感激不仅仅是转瞬即失的情感，在有些情况下会延续一生。感激不仅仅是转瞬即失的情感，在有些情况下会延续一生。


not merelynot merely

— — emphasize how important and surprising something is emphasize how important and surprising something is by comparing it with something else what is less by comparing it with something else what is less important or surprising.important or surprising.

Examples:Examples:

•• He is notHe is not merely merely a good artist, but a great one. a good artist, but a great one.

•• Much of the new industry is not Much of the new industry is not merely merely in China, it in China, it is Chinese-owned.is Chinese-owned.

on sb.’s part / on the part of sb.on sb.’s part / on the part of sb.

——made or done by sb.made or done by sb.

Examples:Examples:

•• It was an error It was an error on my parton my part..

•• The agreement has been kept The agreement has been kept on my part on my part but not on but not on his, ie by me but not by him.his, ie by me but not by him.

keep the domestic wheels spinning smoothlykeep the domestic wheels spinning smoothly


??

Key:Key:

• 使家庭生活保持和谐。使家庭生活保持和谐。


William H. Hudson, British writer, naturalist, William H. Hudson, British writer, naturalist,

and ornithologist (and ornithologist ( 鸟类学家鸟类学家）） , is best kno, is best kno

wn for his exotic romance. He was born in wn for his exotic romance. He was born in

Quilmes, Argentina, of American parents. HQuilmes, Argentina, of American parents. H

udson spent his early years on the Argentinudson spent his early years on the Argentin

e Pampas as a naturalist specializing in Orne Pampas as a naturalist specializing in Orn

ithology. In 1874 he settled in England, and ithology. In 1874 he settled in England, and

in 1900 became a British subject. His life wain 1900 became a British subject. His life wa

s passed in poverty and obscurity until 190s passed in poverty and obscurity until 190

4, when his best-known work, the novel 4, when his best-known work, the novel GreGre

en Mansionsen Mansions, was published., was published.

William H. HudsonWilliam H. Hudson

郝德森郝德森

(1841-1922)(1841-1922)

That tribute That tribute opened my eyesopened my eyes and taught me to show and taught me to show gratitude for my wife’s day-to-day heroism.gratitude for my wife’s day-to-day heroism.


??

Key:Key:

那句赞美的话打开了我的眼睛，它教会我要感谢妻子日复一那句赞美的话打开了我的眼睛，它教会我要感谢妻子日复一日的，而一直被我习以为常的英雄行为日的，而一直被我习以为常的英雄行为。。


open one’s eyesopen one’s eyes

— — make one aware for the first time that something is make one aware for the first time that something is different from the way that you thought it wasdifferent from the way that you thought it was

Examples:Examples:

•• Travel to the island countryTravel to the island country opened his eyes opened his eyes to the to the poverty for the first time.poverty for the first time.

•• John’s eyes were John’s eyes were opened up opened up to the world of nature to the world of nature when he had visited that museum.when he had visited that museum.

It is, above all, in the little things that the grace of It is, above all, in the little things that the grace of gratitude should be most employed.gratitude should be most employed.


??

Key:Key:

感激的艺术首先应该在小事情上用得最多感激的艺术首先应该在小事情上用得最多。。

to oblige someoneto oblige someone

— — means to be helpful to them by doing what they have means to be helpful to them by doing what they have asked you to do.asked you to do.

Examples:Examples:

•• Please Please oblige me oblige me by closing the door. by closing the door.

•• Could you Could you oblige me oblige me with 50 pounds until the with 50 pounds until the weekend.weekend.


(in) one way or another(in) one way or another

— — by some means, methods, etc.by some means, methods, etc.

Examples:Examples:

•• One way or anotherOne way or another, I’m going to leave this town., I’m going to leave this town.

•• We must finish the job this week We must finish the job this week one way or anotherone way or another..

By showing the gratitude we make routine By showing the gratitude we make routine relationship human and render monotonous tasks relationship human and render monotonous tasks more agreeable.more agreeable.


??

Key:Key:

通过感谢我们可以使日常平淡的关系变得有人情味，让单调通过感谢我们可以使日常平淡的关系变得有人情味，让单调枯燥的工作也变得令人愉快。枯燥的工作也变得令人愉快。

confide sth. to sb.confide sth. to sb.

— — tell sth. (esp. a secret) to sb. confidentially tell sth. (esp. a secret) to sb. confidentially

Examples:Examples:

•• He He confided confided his trouble his trouble to to his friend.his friend.

•• Mary Mary confided to confided to me that she had applied for another me that she had applied for another job.job.

be (get) fed up with (about) sb.(sth.) be (get) fed up with (about) sb.(sth.)

— — (infml) be or become unhappy, bored or tired of sb. or (infml) be or become unhappy, bored or tired of sb. or sth., esp. what one has been experiencing for a long timesth., esp. what one has been experiencing for a long time

Examples:Examples:

•• I I am fed up with am fed up with her complaints.her complaints.

•• I won’t wait any longer; I I won’t wait any longer; I amam fed upfed up..

One of the most popular English One of the most popular English

novelists of the early 20novelists of the early 20thth

century, Arnold Bennett was also century, Arnold Bennett was also

a journalist and a playwright. His a journalist and a playwright. His

versatility and his huge output, versatility and his huge output,

however, resulted in unevenness however, resulted in unevenness

of his work. He was noted for his of his work. He was noted for his

sympathetic portrayals of sympathetic portrayals of

women. women.


Arnold Bennett 阿诺德 . 本涅特 (1867-1931)

boast (about / of / that)boast (about / of / that)

— — talk (about sth., esp. sth. one has done or one owns) in talk (about sth., esp. sth. one has done or one owns) in a way that shows excessive pride and pleasure a way that shows excessive pride and pleasure

Examples:Examples:

•• John is always John is always boasting aboutboasting about his children’s success at his children’s success at school.school.

•• Mike Mike boasted thatboasted that he was the best player in the team. he was the best player in the team.

take pains with / over / to do sth.take pains with / over / to do sth.

— — make a great effort to do sth. or to do it properlymake a great effort to do sth. or to do it properly

Examples:Examples:

•• She always She always takes great pains withtakes great pains with her hair-style. her hair-style.

•• Great pains Great pains have have been taken tobeen taken to ensure the safety of ensure the safety of passengers.passengers.

refrain from sth./ doing sth.refrain from sth./ doing sth.

— — deliberately avoid to do somethingdeliberately avoid to do something

Examples:Examples:

•• I carefully I carefully refrained fromrefrained from looking at her. looking at her.

• • We hope the country will We hope the country will refrain from refrain from hostile actions.hostile actions.

on the contraryon the contrary

— — expressing strong opposition to what had just been expressing strong opposition to what had just been saidsaid

Examples:Examples:

•• I don’t like my job; I don’t like my job; on the contraryon the contrary, I think it’s very , I think it’s very dull. dull.

•• It doesn't seem ugly to me; It doesn't seem ugly to me; on the contraryon the contrary, I think , I think it’s rather beautiful.it’s rather beautiful.

Gratitude is something of which none of us can give Gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much.too much.


??

Key:Key:

我们所给予的感激永远不会过多。我们所给予的感激永远不会过多。

philosophy of lifephilosophy of life

——one’s approach to life and his way of dealing with itone’s approach to life and his way of dealing with it

Examples:Examples:

•• Live now, pay later – that’s my Live now, pay later – that’s my philosophy of life philosophy of life ..

• • He was an angry, embittered man, rich man, with no He was an angry, embittered man, rich man, with no philosophy of life philosophy of life beyond self-indulgence .beyond self-indulgence .

Unit 2 Unit 2 • • ExercisesExercises

• ComprehensionComprehension Ex. IIEx. II

• Vocabulary Ex. III & Ex. IVEx. III & Ex. IV

• Listening Part 2.2Part 2.2

ExercisesExercises

Exercises Exercises • • ComprehensionComprehension

《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. II, p. 46Ex. II, p. 46《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. II, p. 46Ex. II, p. 46

1.1. Why did the New York taxi driver get upset?Why did the New York taxi driver get upset?

2.2. Why does the author want to show us through the story of the Why does the author want to show us through the story of the New York taxi driver?New York taxi driver?

Answer the following questions:

He did not get any expression of the thanks that he He did not get any expression of the thanks that he deserved for returning a wallet. deserved for returning a wallet.

He wants to show how much people need gratitude to keep He wants to show how much people need gratitude to keep up the spirit of kindness and cooperation. up the spirit of kindness and cooperation.


3.3. How does the mother in Cincinnati show her gratitude to the How does the mother in Cincinnati show her gratitude to the woman in Normandy?woman in Normandy?

4.4. What did the author’s friend in Connecticut do to show his What did the author’s friend in Connecticut do to show his gratitudegratitude??

She saved up for two years, went to Normandy in person, She saved up for two years, went to Normandy in person, and gave her son’s golden wristwatch to woman. and gave her son’s golden wristwatch to woman.

He recorded a short talk expressing his appreciation of the He recorded a short talk expressing his appreciation of the author’s thoughtfulness and sent it over to the author. author’s thoughtfulness and sent it over to the author.


5.5. What example does the author give to show that gratitude is What example does the author give to show that gratitude is sometimes more than a personal affair ? sometimes more than a personal affair ?

6.6. How does the author prove that gratitude can be more than a How does the author prove that gratitude can be more than a passing sentimentpassing sentiment? ?

A patient whose life was saved by blood transfusion came A patient whose life was saved by blood transfusion came back again and again to donate his blood anonymously so back again and again to donate his blood anonymously so that more patients could be saved. that more patients could be saved.

He does it by citing W. H. Hudson’s gratitude for his He does it by citing W. H. Hudson’s gratitude for his wife’s day-to-day heroism. wife’s day-to-day heroism.


7.7. According to the author, who need our gratitude most? According to the author, who need our gratitude most?

8.8. What difference can gratitude make in people’s daily workWhat difference can gratitude make in people’s daily work? ?

Those people who do little things for us all the year round. Those people who do little things for us all the year round.

It can make people take infinite pains with their work. It can make people take infinite pains with their work.


9.9. According to the author, how much gratitude is too much ? According to the author, how much gratitude is too much ?

Gratitude is needed all the time and none of us can give Gratitude is needed all the time and none of us can give too much of them. too much of them.


《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. III, p. 46Ex. III, p. 46《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. III, p. 46Ex. III, p. 46

Exercises Exercises • • VocabularyVocabulary

1.1. The author’s son was studying medicine at McGill The author’s son was studying medicine at McGill

University with the ________ of becoming a surgeon.University with the ________ of becoming a surgeon.


2.2. I took his criticism as a ________ desire to see improvement I took his criticism as a ________ desire to see improvement

in my work.in my work.

III.III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. form where necessary.

intentionintention

sinceresincere

generousgenerous tributetribute denialdenial intentionintention sinceresincere gratitudegratitude slamslam soresore tracetrace glareglare conventionalconventional renderrender proofproof agreeableagreeable


3.3. They didn’t fight, but stood there ________ at one another.They didn’t fight, but stood there ________ at one another.




4.4. Don’t get ________ at me because you got low marks in your Don’t get ________ at me because you got low marks in your

exams.exams.


glaringglaring

soresore

5.5. Though the poem is well-known, no one has yet been able to Though the poem is well-known, no one has yet been able to

________ its author.________ its author.


6.6. The new club strives to educate its member to ________ servThe new club strives to educate its member to ________ serv

ice to the community.ice to the community.


tracetrace

renderrender



7.7. Mary likes to go dancing on weekends because she does not Mary likes to go dancing on weekends because she does not

believe that the ________ of pleasure is a virtue.believe that the ________ of pleasure is a virtue.


8.8. People place stamps on letters or packages as ________ that People place stamps on letters or packages as ________ that

they have paid for mailing.they have paid for mailing.


denialdenial

proofproof



9.9. The major praised the Lei Feng Spirit that could be found eThe major praised the Lei Feng Spirit that could be found e

very where in the city and paid particular________ to youngvery where in the city and paid particular________ to young

sters who helped the elderly.sters who helped the elderly.


10.10. These disks hold more than 400 times as much information These disks hold more than 400 times as much information

as a ___________ floppy disk.as a ___________ floppy disk.


tributetribute

conventionalconventional



11.11. Though he didn’t have much to give, he was __________ witThough he didn’t have much to give, he was __________ wit

h his money.h his money.


12.12. Father’s Day is a day on which the people of many countrieFather’s Day is a day on which the people of many countrie

s express their __________ and appreciation for their fathers express their __________ and appreciation for their father

s by giving them gifts or greeting cards .s by giving them gifts or greeting cards .


generousgenerous

gratitudegratitude



13.13. She ________ on the brakes and the car came to a sudden stShe ________ on the brakes and the car came to a sudden st

op.op.


14.14. You might be more successful in your job if you could take tYou might be more successful in your job if you could take t

he trouble to make yourself more __________ to your colleahe trouble to make yourself more __________ to your collea

gues as well as your employer.gues as well as your employer.


slammedslammed

agreeableagreeable



《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. IV, p. 47Ex. IV, p. 47《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. IV, p. 47Ex. IV, p. 47


IV.IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with phrases or expression from the following sentences with phrases or expression from the text that best keep the original meaning. text that best keep the original meaning.


1.1. The only thing on the scale that The only thing on the scale that attracted meattracted me was a little Fre was a little Fre

nch clock. (fancy) nch clock. (fancy)

The only thing on the scale that The only thing on the scale that caught/took my fancycaught/took my fancy was a was a

little French clock.little French clock.



2.2. It was It was John’s mistakeJohn’s mistake to sign the agreement without readin to sign the agreement without readin

g it carefully. ( on Sb’s part ) g it carefully. ( on Sb’s part )

It was It was a mistake on John’s parta mistake on John’s part to sign the agreement to sign the agreement

without reading it carefully.without reading it carefully.



3.3. We We fail to appreciate sufficientlyfail to appreciate sufficiently all sorts of things that are s all sorts of things that are s

upplied to us easily by nature. ( take) upplied to us easily by nature. ( take)

We We take for grantedtake for granted all sorts of things that are supplied to all sorts of things that are supplied to

us easily by nature.us easily by nature.



4.4. If a criminal fears that he is going to get caught, he will If a criminal fears that he is going to get caught, he will hesithesit

ateate before he robs or steals. ( think) before he robs or steals. ( think)

If a criminal fears that he is going to get caught, he will If a criminal fears that he is going to get caught, he will

think twicethink twice before he robs or steals. before he robs or steals.



5.5. She had She had put aside moneyput aside money for a long time for his holiday and for a long time for his holiday and

she meant to enjoy every minute of it. (save) she meant to enjoy every minute of it. (save)

She had She had saved upsaved up for a long time for his holiday and she for a long time for his holiday and she

meant to enjoy every minute of it.meant to enjoy every minute of it.



6.6. We have to take into account the data We have to take into account the data mentionedmentioned in the ann in the ann

ual report. (refer) ual report. (refer)

We have to take into account the data We have to take into account the data referred toreferred to in the in the

annual report.annual report.



7.7. It is unpleasant to hear Tom It is unpleasant to hear Tom talk too proudly oftalk too proudly of his ability a his ability a

nd achievement. (boast) nd achievement. (boast)

It is unpleasant to heat Tom It is unpleasant to heat Tom boast aboutboast about his ability and his ability and

achievement.achievement.



8.8. After his husband died at the age of 35, Mary After his husband died at the age of 35, Mary made great effmade great eff

ort to ensureort to ensure her five children’s education. (pains) her five children’s education. (pains)

After his husband died at the age of 35, Mary After his husband died at the age of 35, Mary took pains took pains

with with her five children’s education. her five children’s education.



9.9. For better health you must For better health you must avoidavoid eating too much. (refrain) eating too much. (refrain)

For better health you must For better health you must refrain fromrefrain from eating too much. eating too much.



10.10. Mr. Eden is one of the most prominent scientist in the countMr. Eden is one of the most prominent scientist in the count

ry and to ry and to a certain extenta certain extent a media star. (something) a media star. (something)

Mr. Eden is one of the most prominent scientist in the Mr. Eden is one of the most prominent scientist in the

country and country and something ofsomething of a media star. a media star.



11.11. If you help a neglected child, he may not actually show you gIf you help a neglected child, he may not actually show you g

ratitude, but chances are that you will get thanks ratitude, but chances are that you will get thanks by some mby some m

eans or othereans or other. (way) . (way)

If you help a neglected child, he may not actually show you If you help a neglected child, he may not actually show you

gratitude, but chances are that you will get thanks gratitude, but chances are that you will get thanks in one in one

way or anotherway or another..



12.12. She got a little She got a little boredbored with the habit he had of never allowing with the habit he had of never allowing

her to finish a sentence. (feed) her to finish a sentence. (feed)

She got a little She got a little fed upfed up with the habit he had of never with the habit he had of never

allowing her to finish a sentence.allowing her to finish a sentence.

Listening and Speaking IVListening and Speaking IV

ConversationConversation

Part 2.2, pp. 16~17Part 2.2, pp. 16~17

Listening and Speaking IVListening and Speaking IV

ConversationConversation

Part 2.2, pp. 16~17Part 2.2, pp. 16~17

ListeningListening

Study the following words before Study the following words before listening.listening.think twicethink twice

take one’s fancytake one’s fancy

obligeoblige

refer torefer to

take sth. for grantedtake sth. for granted

refrain from refrain from

再三考虑再三考虑

受某人青睐受某人青睐

迫使，责成迫使，责成 // 帮帮 ……忙忙提到，涉及提到，涉及

想当然想当然

忍住，抑制忍住，抑制

ListeningListening

First Listening First Listening

Listening to the conversation twice and find answers to Listening to the conversation twice and find answers to

questions that follow.questions that follow.

Second Listening Second Listening

ListeningListening

Answer the following questions

1. Why didn't the son want to eat the dinner?

2. Why did the mother feel angry?

3. Why did the son finally agree to eat the

dinner?

Check-upCheck-upCheck-upCheck-up

ListeningListening

1.1. Why didn’t the son want to eat dinner?Why didn’t the son want to eat dinner?

Possible Answers

Because he already ate. Because he already ate.

Because he found his mother was hurt and he ate the Because he found his mother was hurt and he ate the dinner to comfort her.dinner to comfort her.

2.2. Why did the mother feel angry?Why did the mother feel angry?

Because she worked all day to prepare his favorite dishes Because she worked all day to prepare his favorite dishes but he didn't appreciate it.but he didn't appreciate it.

3.3. Why did the Why did the son finally agree to eat the dinner?

ScriptScriptScriptScript

ListeningListening

(A mother and a son)(A mother and a son)

M:M: Oh, you’re home! Finally. I was getting worried, it’s so Oh, you’re home! Finally. I was getting worried, it’s so late!late!

S: S: Hi, Mom. Hi, Mom.

M:M: I kept dinner warm for you.I kept dinner warm for you.

S:S: I already ate, Mom.I already ate, Mom.

M:M: But I cooked all your favorite dishes!But I cooked all your favorite dishes!

S: S: Oh. Well, thanks, Mom, but I’m really not hungry. MaOh. Well, thanks, Mom, but I’m really not hungry. Maybe I’ll reheat it later on.ybe I’ll reheat it later on.

M:M: [tearful] [tearful] That’s the thanks I get for slaving over a hot stThat’s the thanks I get for slaving over a hot stove all day to cook for you ove all day to cook for you — you stay out all night wit— you stay out all night with God-knows-who and forgot all about your own motheh God-knows-who and forgot all about your own mother!r!

S: S: I wasn’t out “all night”, Mom! It’s only 7:30! I wasn’t out “all night”, Mom! It’s only 7:30!

M:M: I’ve worked and slaved and sacrificed everything for yoI’ve worked and slaved and sacrificed everything for you, and this is how you thank me!u, and this is how you thank me!

S:S: Well, I’m sorry. Mom, but I told you before I left not to Well, I’m sorry. Mom, but I told you before I left not to expect me for dinner.expect me for dinner.

M:M: I just couldn’t believe you’d rather eat with God-knowI just couldn’t believe you’d rather eat with God-knows-who instead of with your mother!s-who instead of with your mother!

S: S: All right, all right! I’m sorry! I’ll eat the damn dinner iAll right, all right! I’m sorry! I’ll eat the damn dinner if it’s so important to you!f it’s so important to you!

M:M: “Damn dinner”! Oh, how can you talk to me that way, “Damn dinner”! Oh, how can you talk to me that way, after all I’ve done for youafter all I’ve done for you!?!?

S: S: [sighing] [sighing] I’m sorry, Mom. I didn’t mean it. Of course I’I’m sorry, Mom. I didn’t mean it. Of course I’m always grateful to you for your delicious dinners. Anm always grateful to you for your delicious dinners. And I guess I am hungry after all. Shall we eat?d I guess I am hungry after all. Shall we eat?

ListeningListening

1.1. Review Text AReview Text A

2.2. Do exercises:Do exercises:

•• ClozeCloze (Ex. VIII, p. 50)(Ex. VIII, p. 50)

•• Translation Translation ((Ex. IX& XEx. IX& X, p. 51), p. 51)

3.3. Structured Writing (Ex.XII, p. 53)Structured Writing (Ex.XII, p. 53)

AssignmentAssignmentAssignmentAssignment

Documents

Unit 2: Part A The Gratitude We Need 21st Century College English: Book 4