Upload
robyn-hamilton
View
223
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Unit 6 Microorganisms Unit 6 Microorganisms & Fungi& Fungi
Ch. 21 FungiCh. 21 Fungi
What are Fungi?What are Fungi?
Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs that Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs that have cell wallshave cell walls
ChitinChitin - makes up cell walls, a complex - makes up cell walls, a complex carb. also found in the external skeletons carb. also found in the external skeletons of insectsof insects
Structure & Function of FungiStructure & Function of Fungi
HyphaeHyphae - thin filaments that make up - thin filaments that make up multicellular fungimulticellular fungi
Structure & Function of FungiStructure & Function of Fungi
The bodies of multicellular fungi are The bodies of multicellular fungi are composed of many hyphae tangled composed of many hyphae tangled together into a thick mass called a together into a thick mass called a myceliummycelium
MyceliumMycelium - absorbs food, has a large - absorbs food, has a large surface area to come in contact with the surface area to come in contact with the food source food source
Structure & Function of FungiStructure & Function of Fungi
Fruiting bodyFruiting body - a reproductive structure - a reproductive structure growing from the mycelium in the soil growing from the mycelium in the soil beneath itbeneath it
Reproduction in FungiReproduction in Fungi
Most fungi reproduce both asexually & Most fungi reproduce both asexually & sexuallysexually
SporangiaSporangia - structure where spores are - structure where spores are producedproduced
Classification of FungiClassification of Fungi
The kingdom Fungi has over 100,000 The kingdom Fungi has over 100,000 speciesspecies
They are classified according to their They are classified according to their structure & method of reproductionstructure & method of reproduction
The 4 main groups of fungi are: common The 4 main groups of fungi are: common molds, sac fungi, club fungi, & the molds, sac fungi, club fungi, & the imperfect fungiimperfect fungi
Classification of FungiClassification of Fungi
The Common Molds grow on meat, The Common Molds grow on meat, cheese, & breadcheese, & bread
There are more than 30,000 species of There are more than 30,000 species of sac fungi, making it the largest phylum of sac fungi, making it the largest phylum of the kingdom Fungithe kingdom Fungi
Classification of FungiClassification of Fungi
Club fungi gets its name from a Club fungi gets its name from a specialized reproductive structure that specialized reproductive structure that resembles resembles a club a club
Classification of FungiClassification of Fungi
The imperfect fungi are so named The imperfect fungi are so named because our understanding of their life because our understanding of their life cycles may not be perfectcycles may not be perfect
A sexual phase has never been observed A sexual phase has never been observed in their life cyclesin their life cycles
Ecology of FungiEcology of Fungi
All fungi are heterotrophsAll fungi are heterotrophs Many are Many are saprobessaprobes - organisms that - organisms that
obtain food from decaying organic matterobtain food from decaying organic matter
Ecology of FungiEcology of Fungi
Fungi as Decomposers:Fungi as Decomposers: Fungi play an essential role in Fungi play an essential role in
maintaining equilibrium in maintaining equilibrium in nearly every ecosystem, nearly every ecosystem, where they recycle nutrients where they recycle nutrients by by breaking down the bodies breaking down the bodies & & wastes of other organisms wastes of other organisms
Ecology of FungiEcology of Fungi
Fungi as Parasites:Fungi as Parasites: Parasitic fungi cause Parasitic fungi cause
serious plant & animal serious plant & animal diseasesdiseases
A few cause diseases in humansA few cause diseases in humans
Ecology of FungiEcology of Fungi
Symbiotic Relationships:Symbiotic Relationships: Some fungi form symbiotic relationships in Some fungi form symbiotic relationships in
which both partners benefitwhich both partners benefit 2 such mutualistic associations, lichens & 2 such mutualistic associations, lichens &
mycorrhizae, are essential to many mycorrhizae, are essential to many ecosystemsecosystems
Ecology of FungiEcology of Fungi
Symbiotic Relationships:Symbiotic Relationships: LichensLichens - mutualistic relationship - mutualistic relationship
between a fungus & an alga or a between a fungus & an alga or a cyanobacterium, or bothcyanobacterium, or both
Ecology of FungiEcology of Fungi
Symbiotic Relationships:Symbiotic Relationships: MycorrhizaeMycorrhizae - associations of - associations of
plant roots & fungi plant roots & fungi