Unit One Exam ReviewUnit One Exam Review

Multiple Choice QuestionsMultiple Choice Questions

The Neolithic Revolutions began The Neolithic Revolutions began around 10,000 BCE with thearound 10,000 BCE with the

1.1. First humans bands of hunters and First humans bands of hunters and gatherersgatherers

2.2. Adoption of metals for tools instead of Adoption of metals for tools instead of stonestone

3.3. Rise of the first human towns and citiesRise of the first human towns and cities

4.4. Advent of sedentary agriculture and Advent of sedentary agriculture and domestication of animalsdomestication of animals

5.5. Development of complex institutions such Development of complex institutions such as government and religionas government and religion

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The period of Neolithic Revolutions The period of Neolithic Revolutions and river valley civilizations ended and river valley civilizations ended

whenwhen1.1. Widespread invasions and new Widespread invasions and new

technologies led to rise of large empirestechnologies led to rise of large empires2.2. Various civilizations first established Various civilizations first established

contacts between regionscontacts between regions3.3. Iron was introducedIron was introduced4.4. Civilizations developed writingCivilizations developed writing5.5. Epidemic diseases destroyed the first Epidemic diseases destroyed the first

civilizationscivilizations

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The first truly revolutionary The first truly revolutionary transformation of human society transformation of human society

waswas1.1. Use of fireUse of fire

2.2. Smelting of metals such as copperSmelting of metals such as copper

3.3. Growth of towns and citiesGrowth of towns and cities

4.4. Rise of farmingRise of farming

5.5. Rise of specialized classesRise of specialized classes

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Women were probably the first Women were probably the first farmers becausefarmers because

1.1. Men exclusively huntedMen exclusively hunted2.2. As gatherers they generally knew what As gatherers they generally knew what

seeds to eat and where they grewseeds to eat and where they grew3.3. Women had ample free time to develop Women had ample free time to develop

farmingfarming4.4. Records from this period indicate Records from this period indicate

women originated farmingwomen originated farming5.5. In subsequent civilizations, all women In subsequent civilizations, all women

in societies were farmersin societies were farmers

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Agricultural surpluses seem to have Agricultural surpluses seem to have led most directly toled most directly to

1.1. The rise of citiesThe rise of cities

2.2. The outbreak of warThe outbreak of war

3.3. Monotheistic faithsMonotheistic faiths

4.4. The extinction of Paleolithic peoplesThe extinction of Paleolithic peoples

5.5. Specialized services and socially Specialized services and socially differentiated hierarchiesdifferentiated hierarchies

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Compared to river valley cultures in Compared to river valley cultures in Egypt and Mesopotamia, Chinese Egypt and Mesopotamia, Chinese

civilizationcivilization

1.1. Probably developed after civilizations in the Probably developed after civilizations in the Nile valley and SW AsiaNile valley and SW Asia

2.2. Predates the rise of civilization in Egypt and Predates the rise of civilization in Egypt and MesopotamiaMesopotamia

3.3. Developed at the same time as Egypt and Developed at the same time as Egypt and MesopotamiaMesopotamia

4.4. Did not rely on heavy irrigation as year-round Did not rely on heavy irrigation as year-round water was plentifulwater was plentiful

5.5. Has no verifiable historic origins and left no Has no verifiable historic origins and left no written recordswritten records

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The Aryan invaders of the Indus The Aryan invaders of the Indus ValleyValley

1.1. Were quick to assimilate Harappan Were quick to assimilate Harappan culture and abandon their warrior cultureculture and abandon their warrior culture

2.2. Settled in Indus cities and took over Settled in Indus cities and took over Harappan farmsHarappan farms

3.3. Are related to the Indo Europeans and Are related to the Indo Europeans and IraniansIranians

4.4. Had little use for horses and cattleHad little use for horses and cattle5.5. Quickly overran India, eradicating the Quickly overran India, eradicating the

original inhabitantsoriginal inhabitants

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In early China, unity and cultural In early China, unity and cultural identity were provided byidentity were provided by

1.1. Divine monarchiesDivine monarchies

2.2. Shared religious ceremoniesShared religious ceremonies

3.3. A uniform spoken languageA uniform spoken language

4.4. BuddhismBuddhism

5.5. Common system of writingCommon system of writing

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The start of sedentary The start of sedentary agricultureagriculture

1.1. Occurred at the same time in various Occurred at the same time in various places and spread around the worldplaces and spread around the world

2.2. Began only in West AfricaBegan only in West Africa

3.3. Started in SW Asia first but Started in SW Asia first but developed independently elsewheredeveloped independently elsewhere

4.4. Arose in river valleys of ChinaArose in river valleys of China

5.5. Began after abandonment of hunting Began after abandonment of hunting and gatheringand gathering

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In the influence of geography upon In the influence of geography upon culture, Chinese civilization most culture, Chinese civilization most

closely resemblesclosely resembles

1.1. IndiaIndia

2.2. EgyptEgypt

3.3. GreeceGreece

4.4. MesopotamiaMesopotamia

5.5. RomeRome

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Confucianism, Daoism and Confucianism, Daoism and LegalismLegalism

1.1. Were officially sanctioned doctrines of the Were officially sanctioned doctrines of the Q’in and Ham empiresQ’in and Ham empires

2.2. Are monotheistic religions, which Are monotheistic religions, which developed in classical Chinadeveloped in classical China

3.3. Emphasized the needs of the individual Emphasized the needs of the individual over the welfare of the stateover the welfare of the state

4.4. Had little influence upon Chinese society Had little influence upon Chinese society until the late 900s CEuntil the late 900s CE

5.5. Originated as responses to societal Originated as responses to societal problems during times of disruptionproblems during times of disruption

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Confucian social relationshipsConfucian social relationships

1.1. Established a hierarchy and insisted Established a hierarchy and insisted upon reciprocal duties between upon reciprocal duties between peoplepeople

2.2. Taught its practitioners to seek inner Taught its practitioners to seek inner harmony with the natural wayharmony with the natural way

3.3. Used rewards for correct behavior Used rewards for correct behavior and punishment for sinsand punishment for sins

4.4. Were based on universal love and Were based on universal love and forgivenessforgiveness

5.5. Stressed the welfare and interests of Stressed the welfare and interests of the statethe state

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The Q’in Dynasty differed from the The Q’in Dynasty differed from the Zhou in thatZhou in that

1.1. It was more centralizedIt was more centralized

2.2. It eventually declined and fellIt eventually declined and fell

3.3. It practiced ConfucianismIt practiced Confucianism

4.4. It was defeated by invading HunsIt was defeated by invading Huns

5.5. It lasted longerIt lasted longer

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During the Han Dynasty, scholar During the Han Dynasty, scholar officialsofficials

1.1. Lost their governmental offices to Lost their governmental offices to aristocratsaristocrats

2.2. Came increasingly from the merchant Came increasingly from the merchant and peasant classesand peasant classes

3.3. Utilized Legalism as a ruling doctrineUtilized Legalism as a ruling doctrine4.4. Insisted on harsh law codes to Insisted on harsh law codes to

maintain controlmaintain control5.5. Instituted a system of examination to Instituted a system of examination to

prepare professional civil servantsprepare professional civil servants

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One of China’s key economic One of China’s key economic strengths wasstrengths was

1.1. Early introduction of steam powered Early introduction of steam powered equipmentequipment

2.2. Government encouragement of the Government encouragement of the merchant classmerchant class

3.3. Cheap slave laborCheap slave labor

4.4. Extensive overseas tradeExtensive overseas trade

5.5. High levels of technological innovationHigh levels of technological innovation

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ClassicalClassical Chinese civilization was Chinese civilization was ruled by all of the following EXCEPTruled by all of the following EXCEPT

1.1. The ShangThe Shang

2.2. The ZhouThe Zhou

3.3. The Q’inThe Q’in

4.4. The HanThe Han

5.5. Wu TiWu Ti

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China’s classical period gave rise to China’s classical period gave rise to all of the following EXCEPTall of the following EXCEPT

1.1. BuddhismBuddhism

2.2. DaoismDaoism

3.3. LegalismLegalism

4.4. MohismMohism

5.5. ConfucianismConfucianism

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The Q’in Dynasty was marked by all The Q’in Dynasty was marked by all of the following EXCEPTof the following EXCEPT

1.1. The decrease in power held by The decrease in power held by regional rulersregional rulers

2.2. The building of a Great WallThe building of a Great Wall

3.3. An increase in economic status of An increase in economic status of peasantspeasants

4.4. The incorporation of southern China The incorporation of southern China into the empireinto the empire

5.5. A national censusA national census

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Chinese beliefs systems differ from Chinese beliefs systems differ from Hinduism and polytheism most inHinduism and polytheism most in

1.1. Their secular outlooks on the worldTheir secular outlooks on the world

2.2. Emphasizing correct behaviorEmphasizing correct behavior

3.3. Concentrating on the need for gods’ Concentrating on the need for gods’ saving gracesaving grace

4.4. Supporting a relative legal and social Supporting a relative legal and social equality for womenequality for women

5.5. Defying natureDefying nature

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The highest Hindu caste was The highest Hindu caste was thethe

1.1. SudrasSudras

2.2. VaisayasVaisayas

3.3. KshatriyasKshatriyas

4.4. BrahmansBrahmans

5.5. HarijanHarijan

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The Indian caste systemThe Indian caste system

1.1. Differed little from other systems of Differed little from other systems of inequality in the worldinequality in the world

2.2. Closely resembled the Greco-Roman Closely resembled the Greco-Roman class structureclass structure

3.3. Was extremely complex and stratified; a Was extremely complex and stratified; a person could not change casteperson could not change caste

4.4. Had little basis in Hindu religious writingsHad little basis in Hindu religious writings

5.5. Integrated non-Aryans into ruling castesIntegrated non-Aryans into ruling castes

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The major difference between The major difference between Buddhism and Hinduism wasBuddhism and Hinduism was

1.1. Buddhism denied the need for caste, rites Buddhism denied the need for caste, rites and sacrifice to achieve Nirvanaand sacrifice to achieve Nirvana

2.2. Hinduism was monotheistic and Hinduism was monotheistic and Buddhism was polytheisticBuddhism was polytheistic

3.3. Buddhism denied rebirth and Buddhism denied rebirth and reincarnationreincarnation

4.4. Buddhism encouraged its followers to Buddhism encouraged its followers to renounce a political worldrenounce a political world

5.5. Hinduism taught self respect for all living Hinduism taught self respect for all living things and prohibited killingthings and prohibited killing

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Hindu ethics involvedHindu ethics involved

1.1. Condemnations of money makingCondemnations of money making

2.2. A detailed set of prohibitions on A detailed set of prohibitions on sexual activitysexual activity

3.3. Finding ultimate happinessFinding ultimate happiness

4.4. Emphasis on an individual carrying Emphasis on an individual carrying out the obligations of lifeout the obligations of life

5.5. Attack on all opposing faithsAttack on all opposing faiths

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What Mauryan ruler was fierce What Mauryan ruler was fierce Conqueror who converted to Conqueror who converted to

Buddhism?Buddhism?1.1. ChandraguptaChandragupta

2.2. AkhbarAkhbar

3.3. GandhiGandhi

4.4. AsokaAsoka

5.5. PataliputraPataliputra

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Compared to China, IndiaCompared to China, India

1.1. Had greater contact with other Had greater contact with other societies and civilizationssocieties and civilizations

2.2. Lacked regional diversityLacked regional diversity

3.3. Had more flexible social structureHad more flexible social structure

4.4. Was more secular in outlookWas more secular in outlook

5.5. Had much more recent originsHad much more recent origins

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The Mauryan Dynasty differed from The Mauryan Dynasty differed from the Gupta Dynasty in thatthe Gupta Dynasty in that

1.1. It refused to develop a strong armyIt refused to develop a strong army

2.2. Mauryan rulers opposed the caste Mauryan rulers opposed the caste systemsystem

3.3. It was imposed by conquerors from It was imposed by conquerors from GreeceGreece

4.4. It attacked Buddhist beliefsIt attacked Buddhist beliefs

5.5. It ruled a larger territoryIt ruled a larger territory

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Over time in classical India, Over time in classical India, castescastes

1.1. Were replaced by simpler social Were replaced by simpler social groupsgroups

2.2. Died out as Buddhism spread Died out as Buddhism spread throughout Indiathroughout India

3.3. Intensified and began to be more Intensified and began to be more complex within castes from region to complex within castes from region to regionregion

4.4. Lost their religious significance all Lost their religious significance all togethertogether

5.5. Removed restrictions on gender (such Removed restrictions on gender (such as the practice of sati)as the practice of sati) 4511 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111 1212 1313 1414

In Mesopotamia, the cuneiform In Mesopotamia, the cuneiform culture assimilated invaders and culture assimilated invaders and provided continuity. The same provided continuity. The same role in India was performed byrole in India was performed by

1.1. BuddhismBuddhism

2.2. The Hindu social hierarchyThe Hindu social hierarchy

3.3. Jain philosophyJain philosophy

4.4. The Greek culture introduced by The Greek culture introduced by Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great

5.5. The culture of the Indus Valley The culture of the Indus Valley peoplespeoples

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Alexander the Great’s invasion Alexander the Great’s invasion of Idniaof Idnia

1.1. Led to a spread of Hinduism and Led to a spread of Hinduism and BuddhismBuddhism

2.2. Disrupted trading routes between Disrupted trading routes between India and the MediterraneanIndia and the Mediterranean

3.3. Had little lasting influence on either Had little lasting influence on either regionregion

4.4. Led to the rise of the MauryansLed to the rise of the Mauryans

5.5. Isolated India from contacts with other Isolated India from contacts with other regionsregions

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The Greek genius was politics; The Greek genius was politics; the Roman genius wasthe Roman genius was

1.1. EngineeringEngineering

2.2. PoetryPoetry

3.3. ScienceScience

4.4. DemocracyDemocracy

5.5. philosophyphilosophy

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Athenian DemocracyAthenian Democracy

1.1. Was limited to males whose parents had Was limited to males whose parents had been citizensbeen citizens

2.2. Allowed married couples including women Allowed married couples including women to voteto vote

3.3. Permitted all residents who swore an oath Permitted all residents who swore an oath to voteto vote

4.4. Distrusted elitism and special interest Distrusted elitism and special interest groupsgroups

5.5. Created elected representatives to speak Created elected representatives to speak and vote for constituentsand vote for constituents

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In comparison to other civilizations, In comparison to other civilizations, religiously the Greeksreligiously the Greeks

1.1. Most resembled Hinduism with Most resembled Hinduism with polytheism and a caste systempolytheism and a caste system

2.2. Never developed a major religionNever developed a major religion3.3. Developed a compassionate system Developed a compassionate system

similar to Buddhismsimilar to Buddhism4.4. Sought universal harmony in a Sought universal harmony in a

manner similar to Daoismmanner similar to Daoism5.5. Avoided portraying gods with human Avoided portraying gods with human

characterisiticscharacterisitics

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The Roman EmpireThe Roman Empire

1.1. Disallowed the use of slavesDisallowed the use of slaves

2.2. Insisted that all inhabitants become Insisted that all inhabitants become Roman citizensRoman citizens

3.3. Prevented foreigners from trading Prevented foreigners from trading with the empirewith the empire

4.4. Set up a military draft to supply the Set up a military draft to supply the armyarmy

5.5. Generally tolerated local politicians Generally tolerated local politicians and religionsand religions

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Unlike most Greek city-states, Unlike most Greek city-states, Republican RomeRepublican Rome

1.1. Developed a balanced government Developed a balanced government that experiences fewer domestic that experiences fewer domestic tensionstensions

2.2. Had no aristocratsHad no aristocrats3.3. Preferred a monarchical form of Preferred a monarchical form of

governmentgovernment4.4. Granted women and foreigners the Granted women and foreigners the

right to vote and citizenshipright to vote and citizenship5.5. Never allowed the plebeians to Never allowed the plebeians to

participate in governmentparticipate in government4511 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111 1212 1313 1414

Rome successfully expanded for Rome successfully expanded for all of these reasons EXCEPTall of these reasons EXCEPT

1.1. It possessed a discipline, trained armyIt possessed a discipline, trained army2.2. It had a rich agricultural economy, It had a rich agricultural economy,

which supported a large populationwhich supported a large population3.3. Roman government proved flexible Roman government proved flexible

and tolerantand tolerant4.4. Roman leaders made citizens out of Roman leaders made citizens out of

conquered elitesconquered elites5.5. It had no organized and powerful It had no organized and powerful

rivals to oppose expansion in the arearivals to oppose expansion in the area

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Far more than classical Greece, Far more than classical Greece, India and China, slavery in RomeIndia and China, slavery in Rome

1.1. Was hereditaryWas hereditary

2.2. Granted no rights or protections to Granted no rights or protections to slavesslaves

3.3. Was lenient and refused to enslave the Was lenient and refused to enslave the young and elderlyyoung and elderly

4.4. Dominated labor markets: Rome Dominated labor markets: Rome became dependent on slaverybecame dependent on slavery

5.5. Encouraged Romans to develop their Encouraged Romans to develop their technology in agriculture and industrytechnology in agriculture and industry

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Roman slaves were used in all of Roman slaves were used in all of the following EXCEPTthe following EXCEPT

1.1. Work in the minesWork in the mines

2.2. Agricultural laborAgricultural labor

3.3. Household careHousehold care

4.4. Military serviceMilitary service

5.5. tutoringtutoring

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Mediterranean agriculture under Mediterranean agriculture under the Greeks and Romans wasthe Greeks and Romans was

1.1. Extremely efficient and self-Extremely efficient and self-sufficient, supplying large surpluses sufficient, supplying large surpluses for tradefor trade

2.2. Not as dependent on irrigation as Not as dependent on irrigation as were other classical civilizationswere other classical civilizations

3.3. Relied heavily on imported grain Relied heavily on imported grain stuffs and the export of cash cropsstuffs and the export of cash crops

4.4. Yielded insufficient surpluses to Yielded insufficient surpluses to support high urban populationssupport high urban populations

5.5. Favor the small farmers instead of Favor the small farmers instead of large, landed estateslarge, landed estates 4511 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111 1212 1313 1414

The senate of republican Rome The senate of republican Rome consisted of what group?consisted of what group?

1.1. Landed aristocracyLanded aristocracy

2.2. EmperorsEmperors

3.3. Urban workersUrban workers

4.4. Merchants and businessmenMerchants and businessmen

5.5. Citizens elected by the general male Citizens elected by the general male populationpopulation

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In that the Americas were isolated, In that the Americas were isolated, the development of civilization the development of civilization

involvedinvolved

1.1. Convergent developmentConvergent development

2.2. Contact and exchangeContact and exchange

3.3. DiffusionDiffusion

4.4. ConnectionsConnections

5.5. Independent innovationIndependent innovation

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In Axum and Ethiopia, trade In Axum and Ethiopia, trade contacts led tocontacts led to

1.1. An insulted culture from African An insulted culture from African influencesinfluences

2.2. Each kingdom converting to Each kingdom converting to ChristianityChristianity

3.3. Brought the state into contact with Brought the state into contact with Bantu peoplesBantu peoples

4.4. Led to conquest by ArabsLed to conquest by Arabs

5.5. Introduced Hinduism and Buddhism Introduced Hinduism and Buddhism from Indiafrom India

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Early historic Japanese cultureEarly historic Japanese culture

1.1. Was frequently invaded by China and Was frequently invaded by China and KoreaKorea

2.2. Was the product of migrations and Was the product of migrations and constant contacts with diverse constant contacts with diverse peoplespeoples

3.3. Remained indigenous and uniqueRemained indigenous and unique4.4. Developed at the same time as Developed at the same time as

Shang ChinaShang China5.5. Was a blend of Korean and Chinese Was a blend of Korean and Chinese

ideas which the Japanese filteredideas which the Japanese filtered4511 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111 1212 1313 1414

At the end of the Classical AgeAt the end of the Classical Age1.1. Belief systems failed to survive the Belief systems failed to survive the

collapse of classical civilizationcollapse of classical civilization2.2. Only the Mediterranean Greco-Roman Only the Mediterranean Greco-Roman

civilization experienced upheavalscivilization experienced upheavals3.3. The Huns destroyed every part of the The Huns destroyed every part of the

classical civilizationsclassical civilizations4.4. There was a religious upsurge as a There was a religious upsurge as a

result of social and economic problemsresult of social and economic problems5.5. Trade ceased to be importantTrade ceased to be important

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As the Han Empire collapsedAs the Han Empire collapsed

1.1. Daoists established political control Daoists established political control of the various Chinese statesof the various Chinese states

2.2. Nomads swept into China replacing Nomads swept into China replacing the Han with a “barbarian dynasty”the Han with a “barbarian dynasty”

3.3. Landowners and warlords dominated Landowners and warlords dominated the successor governmentsthe successor governments

4.4. Christianity was introduced to China Christianity was introduced to China and began to spreadand began to spread

5.5. Internal warfare subsidedInternal warfare subsided

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In comparison to the end of In comparison to the end of classical civilizations in China and classical civilizations in China and India, the collapse of the Roman India, the collapse of the Roman

Empire wasEmpire was1.1. Milder and the recovery which followed Milder and the recovery which followed

was quickwas quick

2.2. More severe and extensive than elsewhereMore severe and extensive than elsewhere

3.3. Largely due to internal political, economic Largely due to internal political, economic and social decayand social decay

4.4. Caused exclusively by Germanic and Caused exclusively by Germanic and Hunnic invasionsHunnic invasions

5.5. Credited with destroying institutions Credited with destroying institutions associated with Christianityassociated with Christianity

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All of these contributed to the All of these contributed to the early decline and fall of Rome early decline and fall of Rome

EXCEPT:EXCEPT:

1.1. The spread of ChristianityThe spread of Christianity

2.2. Nomadic invasionsNomadic invasions

3.3. The collapse of effective governmentThe collapse of effective government

4.4. Plagues which decimated Plagues which decimated populationspopulations

5.5. Economic disruptionsEconomic disruptions

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The fall of the Roman EmpireThe fall of the Roman Empire

1.1. Left behind a common culture unifying Left behind a common culture unifying the Mediterranean basinthe Mediterranean basin

2.2. Left the Persian Empire in control of the Left the Persian Empire in control of the eastern Mediterraneaneastern Mediterranean

3.3. Divided Christianity into Catholic and Divided Christianity into Catholic and Orthodox sectsOrthodox sects

4.4. Had little effect on artistic and cultural Had little effect on artistic and cultural traditionstraditions

5.5. Divided the Mediterranean into 3 Divided the Mediterranean into 3 different geographic cultural zonesdifferent geographic cultural zones

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By 600 CE, looking at the entire By 600 CE, looking at the entire world, a good definition of world, a good definition of

“barbarian” would be“barbarian” would be

1.1. Someone who is not ChristianSomeone who is not Christian

2.2. Someone who fights better than a Someone who fights better than a peasantpeasant

3.3. Someone who is not part of a Someone who is not part of a civilizationcivilization

4.4. Someone who is illiterateSomeone who is illiterate

5.5. Someone who is a knightSomeone who is a knight

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In India during the period after In India during the period after the Gupta collapsethe Gupta collapse

1.1. Buddhism reasserted its influence, Buddhism reasserted its influence, replacing Hinduismreplacing Hinduism

2.2. The caste system lost its influenceThe caste system lost its influence

3.3. Hinduism maintained cultural cohesion Hinduism maintained cultural cohesion when the central state collapsedwhen the central state collapsed

4.4. Invaders rarely assimilated into Hindu Invaders rarely assimilated into Hindu cultureculture

5.5. Trade and commercial activities Trade and commercial activities collapsedcollapsed

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