Regents Prep Day 13

Neolithic, Agriculture, Industrial Revolutions & Economic Systems

Reminders

1)

I) Neolithic Revolution (10,000 B.C.)A) Hunters & gatherers Early people hunted animals and gathered food. These people were always on the move (Nomads)

B) Neolithic Revolution People collected seeds and began farming. This began villages forming and a surplus (extra amounts) of food

II) The Agricultural Revolution of the 1700s

A) New inventions and ideas led to more food, which led to larger families and people losing jobs on the farms due to technology.

B) Examples of new ideas / technology:

1) Enclosures Combining small farms into one large farm2) Crop Rotation3) Fertilizer4) Seed Drill

III) The Industrial Revolution

A) Industry The making of goods

B) Industrial Revolution A change to making goods by machines instead of by hand

C) Industrial Revolution began in Britain. Why?

1)New Resources Coal Fuel for machines Iron Type of metal. Stronger than wood

2) Good Geography (Many ports for trade)

3) Britain avoided revolutions

III) The Industrial Revolution

D) Factories used new machines to make goods quicker and more efficient

E) James Watts Created the steam engine (made transportation faster)

F) Robert Fulton Invented the steam-powered ship.

G) George Stephenson Invented steam-powered locomotive.

III) The Industrial Revolution

H) Urbanization - The movement of people to the cities

I) Tenements Urbanization leads to crowded filthy slums apartment buildings

J) Unsafe Working Conditions Women taken advantage of. Child Labor. No safety or benefits for workers

K) Response to Unsafe Working Conditions Child Labor laws, forming unions, setting minimum wages, Strikes

IV) New Economic Systems (1800s)

A) Big gap forms between the wealthy and poor. The new MIDDLE CLASS is formed

B) Adam Smith creates Laissez Faire - Government should NOT interfere with business

IV) New Economic Systems (1800s)

C) Capitalism Also known as a Market Economy

1) Supply and demand determine what to produce, how much to produce, and the price of goods2) Big gap between the classes3) Government only interferes in business to prevent monopolies

IV) New Economic Systems (1800s)

D) Socialism / Communism Created by Karl Marx

1) The benefit of the whole outweighs the individuals2) Government control / ownership of everything3) The peasants / working class will rise together and start a revolution (Class struggles)