Urdu Journalism - A Histroy

7/24/2019 Urdu Journalism - A Histroy

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PRESENTED BY ANTARACHAKROBORTHY

DIKSHITA KALADE RAWJITH KAUR SOUNDARYA.J

HISTORY OF PRESSHISTORY OF VERNACULAR

PRESS IN URDU


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VERNACULAR PRESS

native languageor native dialect of a

specific population

newspapers came from smaller places of

the country. newspapers -published in local language

or native language or vernacular language.

remarkable growth of vernacular press. Newspapers role - creating socio-political

consciousness.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_language


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URDU

Associated with Muslims of the region

of Hindustan.

The national language of Pakistan

An official language of five Indian states

one of the scheduled languagesin

the !onstitution of India.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_languages_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_languages_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Pakistan


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URDU JOURNALISMTHE FORERUNNER

The Persian newspapers of "est #engal

The decline of Persian$ %ise of &rdu.

Jam-e-Jahan Numa$ a &rdu newspaperstarted in march '$().

*ditor - Harihar dutta.

+ound that it would be very difficult to

continue the publication of newspaper in

&rdu

!hanged it to a Persian daily from may(,$

().


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THE FIRST URDU NEWSPAPER

The first &rdu newspaper - DELHI URDU

AKHBAR in 1836.

tarted by MA&/I M01AMM*2 #A3A%. Many &rdu newspapers and weeklies

started.

+our main factors helped in progress of&rdu 4ournalism in 5rdand 6thdecade of (7th

century


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FACTORS BEHIND PROGRESS OFURDU JOURNALISM

In ()58$ *I! declared &rdu the official

language for government institutions and

court of law. o &rdu gained prominence.

After ()59$ many vernacular languagenewspapers came to frontline. Among those $

&rdu language newspapers were most

important because &rdu was the officiallanguage.


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FACTORS BEHIND PROGRESS OFURDU JOURNALISM

In ()5,$ itho-type printing started. It was

attractive and of low cost. !onse:uently$ cost

of printing &rdu newspaper reduced. Itbecame easier to start an &rdu newspaper.

&rdu newspapers - suitable medium for

promoting western ideas. The governmentpurchased &rdu newspapers. +inancially

supported some of the newspapers.


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URDU NEWSPAPER-PLACES OFPUBLICATION

Later, many ne Ur!" #a#er$ $tarte! %n &'(('%n) #(a*e$

De(+%,

La+'re,

M"(tan,

G"arat,Pe$+aar,

Raa(#%n!%,

L"*n',

B'm.ay,A(%)ar+ an!

Ma!ra$/

H'e0er, Delhi and Lah!e are *'n$%!ere! t' .e

"he #"he! land $ U!d% &%!nali'#.


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READERSHIP OF URDUNEWSPAPERS, JOURNALS,

WEEKLIES. Not very remarkable. Koh-e-Noor,started by Munshi Harsukh Rai -

highest circulation with 598copies a day.

Another weekly$ yed-ul-Akhbar - the lowestcirculation of 'copies.

Ma4ority of the newspapers ; 98 copies per day.

some papers - 88 copies because the #ritishtook 98 to (88 copies on permanent basis.


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THE FIRST JOURNALIST MART1R

Maulvi Mohammed #a:uar- founder ofDelhi Urdu Ah!ar

sentenced to death by #ritish government .

+irst 4ournalist to martyr in the history of

Indian 4ournalism.

Another incident-three year imprisonment

given to editorJamaludin of weekly "#ed-ul-Ah!ar.

A dramatic effect on &rdu 4ournalism


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A NEW ERA BEGINS

In ()6)$ there were , newspapers in India invernacular language$ out of which (7 were &rdu

newspaper.

The great rebellion in ()9' also called as epoy

mutiny affected the newspapers. ome newspapers ceased publication.

After the ma4or setback in ()9'$ &rdu newspaper

realigned soon. A new era of &rdu 4ournalism began.


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A NEW ERA BEGINS

ome of the newspapers started after sepoy mutiny in()9' are listed below.

$udh Ah!ar, Lu%no&

'aha(i!-ul-Ah!ar, Ali)arh

'he $udh *un%h, Lu%no& Amalul Ah!ar, Delhi

'he *un+a! Ah!ar, Lahore

"hamul Ah!ar, adra

'he Khahul Ah!ar, Bom!a# /ai0-ul-Ah!ar,Ban)lore.

0ut of these$ $UDH AKHBAR ared in 1828 lived longer

and soon became a daily under the editorship of Ratannath

Sarshar.


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AFTER GREATREBELLIONIn ()9)$ Manbir Kabiruddinstarted 'he

Urdu uide - the first &rdu daily of !alcutta.

Ro(namha-e-*un+a! from ahore in ()9).

$udh Ah!arby Munshi Nawal


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FROM DELHI

The first &rdu newspapers of 2elhi ;

4a&aid-ul-Na(arinand

Kiran-u-"adai$ +ounded by Rama Chandra in ()9.

&rdu press in 2elhi- highly critical of the #ritish

government.

*=ample > The Urdu Ah!ar$ edited by Syed

Hasan$ highlighted many civic issues like drainage$

sanitation$ adulteration of food$ and corruption.


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TREND IN 23456$

In ()''$Maulvi Nasir Alifounded 5newspapers-

Nura-ul-Ah!ar,

Nura-ul-Ilam and

ihir-e-Darahhan.

+ocused on current civil and political affairs$

valuable aids of Muslim empowerment.

In ()''$ $udh *un%h$ started bySajjidHussain.

0udh Punch ; (sthumour maga?ine in &rdu .


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TREND IN 23456$

The first women@s 4ournal in &rdu

wasAh!ar-un-Nia.

2uring this time$ &rdu 4ournalist

started using cartoons and

humour was used as way in

newspaper to attract readers.

The profession threw up a couple

of talented cartoonist.


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IN 23356$ AND 23756$

In ())8s$weeklies came out.

Ah!ar-i-aam, edited by Pandit

Goinath

*aia Ah!ar , edited by MunshiMahboob Aalam

A new phase of &rdu 4ournalism began.

Newspapers - popular for more than half

century. !overage was varied

#ut not e=tensive.


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IN 23356$ AND 23756$

An element added to their advertisements.

*ditorial comment - better informed.

%an on commercial lines and achieved

success.

#y the end of (7th century$ *aia Ah!ar

surpassed all the other &rdu newspapersin circulation.


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BEGINNING OF 85THCENTUR1

Took on a strongly nationalistic note

towards the turn of the 8th century.

Political and social issues dominated.

The political and social movementslaunched by !ongress$

the Muslim league$

Aarya sama4$


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BEGINNING OF 85THCENTUR1

The style more forceful

A much richer and varied vocabulary

developed

%esult of increased tempo and widening

of hori?ons.

Newspapers like 5ameendar,

Hinduan, Al Hilal, *aia Ah!ar,oudh Ah!ar introduced the political

purposefulness of 4ournalism.


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85THCENTUR1

Maulana Muhammad Ali Bauhar started Na:eeb-e-1amdard in (7(.

Another powerful political periodical was the

Madina$ edited by 1amidul Ansari.

The greatest &rdu periodical that time was Al 1ilal$started by Maulana Abul


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85THCENTUR1

In (7(7$ 'he*raa was started in ahore byMahshe


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FATHER OF URDU JOURNALISM

Maulana !a"ar Ali Khan# father of

&rdu 4ournalism

Took charge of (ameendhar and

converted it into a revolutionary press.

Dameendar$ started in ahore in (785.

The first &rdu newspaper to

subscribe to news agencies.


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FATHER OF URDU JOURNALISM

Dameendar was intensely nationalistic

!irculation over 58$888 copies

Mainly due to efforts of Dafar Ali


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DURING AND AFTER PARTITION

&rdu 4ournalism suffered heavily$ during and

after Partition.

%iots in ahore lead to mobs raiding the

office of Milap and burning machines andnewsprint.

Its Managing *ditor$ %anbir was stabbed

and the paper was closed for si= weeks. It

then shifted to 2elhi. 2ue to the unrest$ the Pratap also shifted to

2elhi.


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At the time of partition there were 6(9 &rdu

newspapers .

After partition 569 of them remained in India

As per the %NI report of (79'$ there were 9(5&rdu newspapers and the combined circulation

was '.6) lakh.

+ifty years later the number of &rdu dailies

alone was 5(,) and the combined circulationof all &rdu newspapers was (.' crore as per

%NI report 88'.


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&rdu newspapers after partition in Indiaare 2awat$ Nai 2uniya$ a popular &rdu

weekly

After (7)8s $ a gradual decline in the

number of publications and readership . ome ceased publication. +or e=ample$ in

"est #engal han-e-Millat$ Imro?e$ Asre-

Badeed$ Cha?i and I:ra were closed. In (stcentury$ a number of new

newspapers making their entry.


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TODA16S SCENARIO

More number of urdu newspapers published today

Till 88, Andhra Pradesh had the ma=imum

number of registered &rdu newspapers E98,F

Mumbai have several &rdu publications includingThe In:uilab daily and &rdu Times.

"est #engal$ especially


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TODA1,S SCENARIO-GETTING INTOINTERNET

1yderabad based iyasat was the first &rdunewspaper to start a web edition in late 78s.

everal other &rdu publications presently have

their web edition. 0M* &%2& N*"PAP*P%**NT T02AG

Hamara SamajHindustan $%ress

&n'uilab# Mumbai

Jadeed Mail# Ne( )elhi

Jadid Khabar# Ne( )elhiMunsi"#Hyderabad

Rashtriya Sahara

Ro*nama Saha"at

Siasat# Hyderabad

+rdu ,imes# Mumbai.
http://hamarasamaj.com/http://dailyhindustanexpress.com/http://inquilab.com/http://www.jadeedmail.com/http://jadidkhabar.com/http://www.munsifdaily.com/http://roznamasahara.com/http://www.sahafat.in/http://www.siasat.com/english/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=267020&Itemid=79&cattitle=Hyderabadhttp://www.urdutimes.in/http://www.urdutimes.in/http://www.siasat.com/english/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=267020&Itemid=79&cattitle=Hyderabadhttp://www.sahafat.in/http://roznamasahara.com/http://www.munsifdaily.com/http://jadidkhabar.com/http://www.jadeedmail.com/http://inquilab.com/http://dailyhindustanexpress.com/http://hamarasamaj.com/


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REFERENCES

-)r. Mrinal Chatterjee/ Pro"essor# &ndian &nstitute o" Mass

Communi0ation (((.mrinal0hatterjee.in

-http>HHwww.orissadiary.comH

12&K&P$)&A3en.wikipedia.orgHwikiHurdu

4((( .docstoc.com/docs/23631682/Hior#-o-Urdu-Journalism

6Fmadrasa.wordress.comHcategoryHurdu-4ournalismH

9Fwww.gktoday.in

,Fwww.thefreedictionary.in

'Fwww.mediahive.co.in

)Fwww.urdumediamonitor.com

7Fblogs.thenews.com.pk

(8Fwww.nusratalinsari.com

((Fwww.google.co.in
http://www.mrinalchatterjee.in/http://www.orissadiary.com/http://www.gktoday.in/http://www.thefreedictionary.in/http://www.mediahive.co.in/http://www.urdumediamonitor.com/http://www.google/http://www.google/http://www.urdumediamonitor.com/http://www.mediahive.co.in/http://www.thefreedictionary.in/http://www.gktoday.in/http://www.orissadiary.com/http://www.mrinalchatterjee.in/


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Urdu Journalism - A Histroy