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US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Transformation of Semiconductor R&D
Dr. Katsuhiro ShimohigashiGeneral Manager
Semiconductor Technology Development DivisionSemiconductor & Integrated Circuits
Hitachi,Ltd.
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
OUTLINE
1. Semiconductor Industry - History , Technology , and Market
2. Industry Vicissitude - Historical Perspective of Semiconductor Industry
3. Transformation of Semiconductor Industry
4. Transformation of Semiconductor R&D
5. A Measure of R&D Effectiveness
6. R&D History at Hitachi CRL
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
OUTLINE
1. Semiconductor Industry - History , Technology , and Market
2. Industry Vicissitude - Historical Perspective of Semiconductor Industry
3. Transformation of Semiconductor Industry
4. Transformation of Semiconductor R&D
5. A Measure of R&D Effectiveness
6. R&D History at Hitachi CRL
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
1950
ULSIS
VLSIS
LSISICS
Mar
ket
Siz
e
Ge discretes
Si discretes
Transistor radios
Transistor TVs
Consumer
Calculators
Personal PCs
Notebook PCs
Computer
Communication
Cordless Phones
PDAs
CCC MarketConvergence
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
The History
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
1970 1980 1990 2000
10
100
'9050B$
'7910B$
'98126B$'94
100B$ 2000 162B$
CAGR
B$/Year
Car-Navigation
CordlessPhone
NotebookPC
PC
CalculatorTV
18% 14% 12%'99141B$
PDA
'70–'80 '80–'90 '90–'00
The Market
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Letter(A4) 1page
1K
1M
1970 1980 1990
1K
4K
16K
64K
256K
1M4M
16M
64MDensity
(Bit)
Newspaper 4pages
Dictionary
DICTIONARY
2000
1G 256M
1G10
1.0
0.1
Geometry (µ m)
Geometry
Density
CD(70Min. HiFi recording)
The Technology
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
OUTLINE
1. Semiconductor Industry - History , Technology , and Market
2. Industry Vicissitude - Historical Perspective of Semiconductor Industry
3. Transformation of Semiconductor Industry
4. Transformation of Semiconductor R&D
5. A Measure of R&D Effectiveness
6. R&D History at Hitachi CRL
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985
Semiconductor Market Comparedto Steel Production
ST
EE
L P
RO
DU
CT
ION
(M
t/Y
ear)
〔 60 〕 〔 70 〕 〔 80 〕 〔 90 〕 〔 00 〕YEAR FOR SEMICONDUCTOR
U.S.
JAPAN
CHINA
KOREA
SEMICONDUCTOR
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
OUTLINE
1. Semiconductor Industry - History , Technology , and Market
2. Industry Vicissitude - Historical Perspective of Semiconductor Industry
3. Transformation of Semiconductor Industry
4. Transformation of Semiconductor R&D
5. A Measure of R&D Effectiveness
6. R&D History at Hitachi CRL
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Semiconductor Industry Trend‘70 ‘80 ‘90 ‘00
10B$ 40B$ 150B$
Infra-Structure
Market
Application
ASP($)
Business Style
R&D
Develop
Scarce
Mainframe
106 ~ 105
IDM
CRL
(Equipment)
Grow
Develop
PC
104 ~ 103
IDM
CRL
Mega Competition
Grow Mega Competition
Oligopoly
104 ~ 103
Communication
Digital Consumer
IDM,Fabless,Foundry
?To be discussed today!Government-University-Industry
Partnership
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Market Trend
Market Characteristics
1. Disappearance of Performance Oriented Segments (Mainframe Computer,…)
2. Downsizing (PC,HPA,…)
3. Multimedia Processing (Image,Voice)
Density → Price per Bit
System-On-ChipLow Energy Architecture
CPU → DSPHigh Bandwidth (SDRAM,R-DRAM)
Effects on R&D
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Business Trend
Business Characteristics
1. Huge Investment
2. Decrease of ROI
3. Silicon Cycle
4. New Market Entry by Specialization
Manufacturing System becomes Focus of study
Alliance,Consortium
Product Portfolio→Segment Specialization (System Solution)
Synergistic Technology as a new leverage
Effects on R&D
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Technology-Process and DeviceTechnology R&D Direction
1. Commoditization of Process Technology
● Precompetitive Domain
● Technology for Differenciation
● Consortium
● New Materials● Phase-Shift,OPC
2. Uncertainty of Post Optical Lithography
Large Diameter Wafer Processing
Semiconductor -Society-wide Cooperation for NGL
3. Low Cost Manufacturing
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Technology-Continued4. Technology Maturity ●Acceleration of Miniaturization
●Multi-Value Storage and Logic●Module Level Integration
5. Nanometer Processing (Oxide Thickness < 3nm,Now!)
Optoelectronics
Atomic Layer ManipulationSelective Growth (Etching - free Process)
6. War with Invisible Defects
Contributing factors for 4 - times DRAM density increase in the ‘80s.
• Miniaturization • Memory Cell Improvement• Circuit Improvement• Chip Size Increase
× 2.2
× 1.2× 1.1× 1.4
7. Wiring Material Limit (Cu)
Molecular / Atomic Level Physicsand Analysis
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
OUTLINE
1. Semiconductor Industry - History , Technology , and Market
2. Industry Vicissitude - Historical Perspective of Semiconductor Industry
3. Transformation of Semiconductor Industry
4. Transformation of Semiconductor R&D
5. A Measure of R&D Effectiveness
6. R&D History at Hitachi CRL
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
R&D-Past,Present,and Future
Past: Research(R), Development(D), andProduction(P) were thought to bedifferent, and separately conducted.
Research Centers has been brokenapart, and the distinction between Dand P has been vanishing.
How should we organize these threefunctions?
Future:
Present:
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Transformation of R&D,and Production Relationship
PAST
PRESENTR
D
P1
3
2R ?
DP
R: Research,D: Development,P: Production
Tim
e to
Pro
du
ct (
Yea
r)
Merging
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Technology Transfer MethodologyIn Hitachi
MaterialUnit ProcessEarly Integration
Integration Productization
MaterialNew Unit Process
Integration & ProductizationCross Functional Team
Issues• Weakened Long-Range Research• Development Cost Reduction• Methodology for Managing
Large Cross Functional Team
R
R
D
D
P
P
OLD
NEW
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Diversification of R&D (Internal & External)
Long RangeLong Range
StandardizationStandardization
AllianceAlliance
Core CompetenceCore Competence
UniversitiesGovernment
SEMATECH/SELETE
JEDEC/Defacto
Joint Development
External
Internal
Pre -Competitive
Pre -Competitive
R&DR&D
InfrastructureInfrastructure
CompetitiveCompetitive
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
OUTLINE
1. Semiconductor Industry - History , Technology , and Market
2. Industry Vicissitude - Historical Perspective of Semiconductor Industry
3. Transformation of Semiconductor Industry
4. Transformation of Semiconductor R&D
5. A Measure of R&D Effectiveness
6. R&D History at Hitachi CRL
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
20's 30's 40's
My Patent Productivity
0
20
40
YEAR
TOTAL: 286
72 78 84 90 9675 81 87 93
NUMBER OF PATENTS
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Think About!
WHAT was
Hit Ratio?
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
The Answer was 7% !
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
The President Special Patent Award : 3
The President Patent Award : 7
The Strategic Patent Award-Gold : 5
The Strategic Patent Award-Silver : 4
The Strategic Patent Award-Copper : 1
Number of Patents Contributedto Business
Total Useful Patents : 20
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Discussion Session!
What is
Your Impression?
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
OUTLINE
1. Semiconductor Industry - History , Technology , and Market
2. Industry Vicissitude - Historical Perspective of Semiconductor Industry
3. Transformation of Semiconductor Industry
4. Transformation of Semiconductor R&D
5. A Measure of R&D Effectiveness
6. R&D History at Hitachi CRL
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Consolidated(HITACHI Group)
31%
9%
24%
14%
22%
55%
10%
20%
8% 7%
Non-Consolidated(HITACHI, Ltd)
ServicesInformation &
Electronics
Materials
Power & Industrial Systems
ConsumerProducts
Consumer ProductsPower Systems
Information &Electronics
Industrial Systems
TransportationSystems
Financial Year ending 31 March 1999, USD1=JPY121
1998 Sales Breakdown
\7,977 billion(US$65.9 billion)
\3,781 billion(US$31.2 billion)
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
• Research & Development GroupBoard of Directors
Chairman
President• Power & Industrial Systems• Industrial Components & Equipment• Elevators & Escalators• Information & Telecomm. Systems• Digital Media• Consumer Products• Displays• Semiconductor & ICs• Automotive Products• Instruments
• Intellectual Property Group
• Corporate Staff
• Business Staff
• Business Development Division
• Corporate Export Regulation Divn.
Organization of Hitachi,Ltd. (as of April 1999)
Business Groups
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Establishment: April 1942
Mission: Creating new technologies for the coming 10 to 20 years, as well as pursuing development work for today’s business.
HCRL in 1942 ODAIRA Namihei Founder
of Hitachi, Ltd.
BABA KumeoFirst General
Manager
Foundation
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Period Feature/Focus Topics
Construction during WWII
Learning
Expansion
Quantity toQuality
‘42 Establishment of HCRL
Start of reactor research
Start of transistor research prototype
Presentation of the electron microscope (grand prize) and analog computer (gold award) at the International Exhibition in Brussels
‘54
‘56
‘58
‘66
‘69
Development of Japan’s first mainframe computer, HITAC 5020Development of world’s largest superconducting magnet
Development of the world’s first solid-state image-pickup deviceDevelopment of the 64 kbit DRAM
‘78
‘80
HCRL History
I1940‘s
II1950‘s
III1960‘s
IV1970‘s
US-Japan Technology Management Seminar,Stanford University (Nov.18,1999)
K.Shimohigashi,Hitachi Ltd.
Creatingoriginal concepts& enhancingcore technologies
‘82
‘83
‘86
Development of electron holography technologyDevelopment of the supercomputerDevelopment of laser diodes in optical communicationProposal of high resolution TV systems (IDTV, EDTV)Development of the superconducting transistor
Becoming aleader intechnology for new business
‘91‘92
‘93
‘95
‘98
Development of the 2Gb/in2 magnetic diskDevelopment of the Single-Chip RISC Processor (SH Microprocessor)Development of high-speed DNA analysis & functional MRI technologiesDevelopment of the 1 Gbit DRAM & Video Authoring SystemOperation of 128Mb Single-Electron Memory at Room Temperature
HCRL HistoryPeriod Feature/Focus Topics
V1980‘s
VI1990‘s