USAID-DRDFpdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00MKK7.pdf · USAID-DRDF Dairy Project ... 1.3 Project ManageMent and targets over Life of Project 12 ... Nestle Pakistan, who supported through

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USAID-DRDF Dairy Project

USAID-DRDFDairy ProjectCloseout Report 2011-2017Agreement No.: 391-A-00-11-01206-00

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DISCLAIMER

This close out report is drafted for the USAID Small Holders’ Dairy Project which was awarded to and implemented by Dairy & Rural Development Foundation - DRDF, under the Cooperative Agree-ment No. 391-A-00-11-01206-00 in two phases: Phase one – January 2011 to January, 2014; and Phase two ending January, 14th, 2017. Phase two was the result of a two year No-cost extension.

The Dairy Project was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).

The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for Interna-tional Develop-ment or the United States Government.

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DISCLAIMER

This close out report is drafted for the USAID Small Holders’ Dairy Project which was awarded to and implemented by Dairy & Rural Development Foundation - DRDF, under the Cooperative Agree-ment No. 391-A-00-11-01206-00 in two phases: Phase one – January 2011 to January, 2014; and Phase two ending January, 14th, 2017. Phase two was the result of a two year No-cost extension.

The Dairy Project was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).

The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for Interna-tional Develop-ment or the United States Government.

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Foreword

This report is written with the intent to provide a summary of operational results of USAID funded $21 million Dairy project. The report highlights areas where achievements were exceptional and conditions surrounding those achievements. Likewise, the report discusses areas where project faced challenges in achieving its targets despite repeated adjustments in the implementation approach. In sum, this report can serve as a learning guide for development projects focusing improvements in farm productivity and growth in the Pakistan smallholder dairy sector. This report provides base information so that future projects can build on lessons learned and can make an educated decision on the allocation of resources and can productively engage resources already developed through the Dairy project. The report also talks about the objectives of the project, the structure of the project implementation team and advisory committee and links the management decision making structure to the project’s log-frame and targets, outputs to outcomes and finally to the overall impact in past five years. We believe that this information will help in establishing the link between the management decision making with the flow of information; in other words it explains how monitoring of activities can be used to improve decision making. The report also suggests how that happened. It tries to capture the basic ingredients, which made this impact happen at different levels of the sector.

The author wishes to acknowledge the support provided by the staff and field team members of the Dairy Project, being implemented by Dairy Rural Development Foundation as well as selected beneficiaries in the project-identified components. The Author is particularly grateful to USAID AOR Senior Development Advisor Mr. Sajjad Moghal for his insights in making this report a primer for future dairy sector development projects and dedication to making the Dairy Project a role model for the dairy sector; Chief of Party The Dairy Project, Mr. Jack Moser for sharing his knowledge and his relentless efforts for the success of the project. The Author is also beholden to notable members of the project steering committee including Mr Yawar Ali; DRDF Board of Governors, Audit and Semen Selection committees; DRDF Chairman Salman Shah and CEO Ahmed Sajjad for sharing their collective wisdom and unrelenting commitment to the advancement of Pakistan’s smallholder Dairy farmer.

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Acronyms

AI Artificial Insemination

AITs Artificial Insemination Technicians

AOR Agreement Officer’s Representative

BOG Board of Governors

DRDF Dairy and Rural Development Foundation

FM Field Manager

FO Field Operations

GM General Manager

LBEs Livestock Business Entrepreneurs

LHW Livestock Health Worker

LN Liquid Nitrogen

M&E Monitoring and Evaluation

MTs Master Trainers

NGO Non-Governmental Organization

PD Project Director

PMU Project Management Unit

PVTC Punjab Vocational Training Center

SMs Social Mobilizers

SOP Standard Operating Procedures

TOR Terms of Reference

TOTs Training of Trainers

UAF University of Agriculture Faisalabad

US United States

USG US Government

USAID United States Agency for International Development

OIG Office of Inspector General

UVAS University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Vanda Concentrated animal feed, locally known as “Vanda”

VTIs Vocational Training Institutes

WLEWs Women Livestock Extension Workers

ZM Zonal Manager

PEEP USAID – Punjab Enabling Environment Program

ASF Agribusiness Support Fund

L&DD Livestock and Dairy Development Department

LUMS Lahore University of Management Science

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Table of Contents

Executive Summary 07

1.0 The ProjecT overview 11

1.1 Background 11

1.2 Project Mission & oBjectives 11

1.3 Project ManageMent and targets over Life of Project 12

1.4 snaPshot of Project outcoMes over Life of Project 14

2.0 ProjecT imPlemenTaTion DeTails 17

2.1 key PartnershiPs 17

2.2 geograPhicaL distriBution 18

2.3 intervention area seLection 18

2.4 Project ManageMent strategy 20

2.5 Project iMPLeMentation ProtocoL 21

2.6 Project M&e PLan 22

3.0 DescriPTion of ProjecT comPonenTs 24

3.1 coMPonent – 1: training & suPPort for dairy farMers 24

3.2 coMPonent – 2: training and suPPort for artificiaL inseMination technicians (aits) 28

3.3 coMPonent – 3: training & suPPort for WoMen Livestock extension Workers (WLeWs) 32

3.4 coMPonent – 4: farM uP gradation & Bio gas units 34

3.5 coMPonent – 5: Mass coMMunication and aWareness caMPaign 39

4.0 cosT benefiT analysis 42

5.0 ProjecT financial summary 45

6.0 rePorT DeveloPmenT meThoDology 45

7.0 way forwarD & susTainabiliTy measures 46

8.0 ProjecT imPlemenTaTion challenges 47

9.0 success sTories 50

Annex 54

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Executive Summary:

The Dairy Project is a result of collaboration between the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Dairy and Rural Development Foundation (DRDF) Pakistan. USAID provided funding, technical support and international experience in project management, whereas DRDF provided on-ground implementation support. DRDF acted as the conduit to leverage local private sector’s resources i.e, Nestle Pakistan, who supported through contributing key management resources, training farms, certain supplies and access to their field resources and commercial acumen. USAID Contributed $21 million, whereas Nestle’s in-kind contribution was $5.1 million. DRDF also provided the means of connecting USAID with the large commercial sector in Pakistan, which was not inclined to work with USAID directly, owing to difficult political situation. This partnership fostered sustainable increase in dairy and livestock productivity through adoption of best dairy farming practices, breed improvement, availability of timely extension services, and promotion of livestock businesses. The Dairy Project directly contributed to the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Strategic Objective of creating jobs and increasing incomes across Pakistan.

By January 2017, the project completed five years of operations. Initially, the project was designed for three years, in which it focused on farmer trainings and the adoption of best dairy farming practices, which also served as a learning period for the project. The project applied for extension to USAID for another two years, the request was viewed favorably and received a two-year extension in October 2014. In the extension period, the project approach to farmers’ training changed and project relied on using local upgraded farms as training and supply hubs. The approach allowed other farmers in the community to copy these best practices and emulate. The project upgraded in total 118 farms in last two years that are now serving the local communities, and DRDF continues to support them and use them as small scale centers of excellence and pushing out new ideas of innovation and productivity improvements. Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEWs) and Artificial Insemination Technicians (AITs) are also linked to these farms and to the larger community of farmers. The relationship has helped the project to very quickly introduce new techniques, inputs and necessary skills to these extension service providers and add value along the smallholder dairy farms value chain. In true sense, the project extension can be regarded as the project’s ‘boom’ period. The project managed to directly assist additional 40,000 farmers, 1,500 additional young professionals received assistance and became productively self employed, 118 small farms upgraded on cost share, and another 300 farms upgraded using their own resources. Over 40,000 imported holstein-fresian semen doses were administered producing roughly 20,000 new high yielding animals. Project successfully, piloted two biogas plants one at community and one at commercial level, introducing new alternate energy technology and commercially viable model. More importantly, the project improved the capacity of DRDF and the local NGO achieved financial sustainability a year ahead of target date, in December 2015. Now, after the USAID funding ended, the legacy of the Dairy project will continue, and DRDF will continue to carry on with the project activities and model farms will continue to influence the small dairy holders for an unforeseeable future. It is truly amazing that the project was able to create a greater impact, and reached out to three times more beneficiaries while employing half of the resources in last two years of its implementation.

The project implementation followed an integrated value chain approach, identifying where and how the value among various players is exchanged along the dairy commercial activity. The monitoring mechanism helped in correcting the course during implementation of the project. A unique management feature was project’s Steering Committee and the role it played in the project management. The USAID project manager employed an innovative project management approach by formulating the Steering Committee, a group comprising industry individuals with a wealth of local knowledge, collective wisdom and diversity, to get their buy-in and commitment. The members of the Steering Committee met 32 times discussing various challenges and provided necessary support and combined vision for the dairy sector development. This committee was the leadership, which guided the management trajectory of the project, underpinned by the various project components.

To bring about sector development through productivity efficiency and lowering costs, the project designed

Farmers learning the 3-1-7 approach.

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its interventions around three major pillars: breed improvement, animal health and nutrition management, and promoting model dairy farms for community learning and replication. The project trained Artificial Insemination Technicians (AITs) and Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEWs). The training provided self-employment opportunities to 2,488 educated unemployed young rural men, and 6,034 women from farming communities. This new cadre of private extension services providers gave access to small dairy holders to necessary extension services and supplies at an affordable cost at their doorstep. The support and commercial services generated additional value at the farms, improved the productivity of the animals immediately and paved the way for improving breed and the composition of milking herds in medium to long term time frame. Hence, the project’s support through cost share for farm upgrading in its extension phase, acted as a catalyst. The up-gradation involved development of easily replicable farm models that could also be used as training and learning centers for surrounding farmers, and deliver value enhancement through communal learning. These model farms were demonstrators for the ideal production unit using the ‘3-1-7 formula’. 3-1-7 in very simple terms translated the economic value generation approach into an easily understandable implementation model. It represented that each animal should give milk for 300 days, should bear one (1) calf in a year and 70 percent of your herd should be lactating.

As of January 14, 2017, under the farmers training component, the project trained 49,430 dairy farmers and 518 farm managers. Seventy percent farmers adopted new practices which increased their incomes by PKR 3,000 ($ 27) and per animal milk yield by 17%. The second component of the project produced 2,488 highly skilled self-employed Artificial Insemination Technicians. The project also provided startup kits and 2,112 motorbikes to qualified AITs based on their performance. Today, these AITs earn on average PKR 12,012/- (USD 114.61) per month and are serving farmers in 12,000 villages across Pakistan. It is noted that each AIT performs 45 cases per month, with a conception rate of 73 percent. This average is 18 percent2 higher than the national average. The project trained 6,034 Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEWs). These WLEWs are the primary health and nutrition services providers in their communities. Their presence has reduced the cost of production for the small farmers due to timely availability of preventive and curative services. WLEWs now serve farmers in 20,000 villages and are earning on average PKR 1,900 (USD 18).

The Dairy Project encompassed USAID’s Women Economic Empowerment and Equality (WE3) Principles, particularly supporting the societal changes in culturally attuned ways. The project integrated women’s economic empowerment alongside social empowerment and effectively engaged males towards this end. More importantly, the project demonstrated a practical approach to include women in culturally sensitive ways. The approach reflects that majority of the challenges faced by the Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEWs) were deep rooted in the social and cultural norms, acceptance of women workers and their working outside the home was low. Besides, there was no tradition of paying women for their work. Nonetheless, the project is credited for creating inroads in transcending this mindset. The WLEWs, against all these odds were still able to work, command respect in the communities they were working in, and improve their standards of living due to project facilitation. Financial empowerment was just one part of the realized improvement in their lives. The most striking element that shines through the entire project facilitation is the enhancement of their self-esteem and their positioning as knowledgeable and valuable members of society as well as contributing members of their families. Their fellow villagers started calling on them in times of immediate animal health care-giving, as well as relying on their skills and accessibility. The availability of disposable income supplemented the incomes of their families that resulted in notable improvement in their standards of living. A major contributing factor to the Dairy project’s success in engaging women in the communities was the inclusion of female staff in all of the project’s field activities. The majority of the field management was staffed with women including training managers and mobilizers; a female held even the top position of General Manager Field Operations for initial three years.

The Dairy Project differentiated itself from other similar initiatives undertaken in the past in that it had a very strong element of “entrepreneurship”, built into its facilitation philosophy that leveraged the networking of target audience 1 PKR: USD parity is taken as within a band of 96-106 PKR, but actual value at point in time was used. 2 As per livestock department, National Average is taken as 55 percent conception rate

WLEW Speaking about her experienceat Project Closeout Event.

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with the corporate sector in order to improve the earning potential of the beneficiaries. This philosophy gets reflected in all the three major components especially in the WLEWs and AI trainings, whereby they were handheld and facilitated by provision of toolkits and initial support in the form of network facilitation and medicines, to enable them to start their own businesses, in their own communities. The increase in earnings as mentioned in the above paragraphs is a testament of the positive contribution that this project made towards their financial betterment.

From the outset, the Dairy Project aligned itself with the commercial aspect of the sector by knitting together the smallholder farmer with the dairy commercial supply chain, with inputs and market by creating competition at the farm gate to deliver a favorable and viable cash flow to the farmer and steady supply to the commercial sector, through curative (AITs), preventive (WLEWs) and technology transference (Model farms) to increase the farmers productivity. This made it attractive for players of the private sector to tap into the trained farmer pool developed by the Dairy project to access high quality milk produced. The Model farms have started the movement to instill the commercial mindset towards production and marketing for the small dairy holders. These smallholders are now poised to be organized into clusters to achieve economies of scale for milk collection.

One significant outcome that DRDF was able to achieve through the Dairy Project was in the field of creating effective networking for all its major beneficiaries. The project-trained dairy farmers have been linked to DRDF for the steady supply of top quality semen and for any other technical assistance required. The project has also established their links with processing companies such as Nestle Pakistan Ltd. and Engro Foods Ltd., etc. This ensures a ready market for the high quality milk produced and strong backward and forward linkages of these farmers with the dairy industry stakeholders. The project has also handed over its silage making machines to DRDF, which will sustain Dairy Project’s support to the local farmers in making silage and providing high quality animal nutrition during fodder shortage season. There are however, still some gaps in networking and creation of linkages for WLEWs with their relevant input suppliers, but in general the overall benefits outweigh those gaps.

With the completion of the project’s five-year operations, it can be said that the project has achieved its logframe targets for training , employment creation and farm up-gradation. The no-cost extension up till January 2017 allows the project to close its activities smoothly and complete the required close out formalities in time. The greater impact it has on the sector is, and will continue to ripple out. In it’s five-year life, the project has proven that integration and success for the small dairy farmer into the commercial dairy value chain is achievable.

Qualified AITs receiving motor bikesfrom USAID Mission Director

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1.0 The Project Overview

1.1 Background

Pakistan is the 4th largest milk producing country in the world with dairy as one of the fastest growing sectors of the country. An estimated 33 billion liters of annual milk is produced from approximately 67 million animals (cattle & buffalo) managed by 8 million farming households. According to the Pakistan Economic Survey 2015, in the year 2015-16 the contribution of the livestock & Dairy sector to Pakistan’s GDP was 11.6% per cent. The share of livestock & Dairy in the agriculture value added stood at 58.55 percent in the FY 2015-16.Livestock performed better in outgoing fiscal year as it recorded a positive growth of 3.63 percent during FY 2016 as compared 2.99 percent last year.

The vast majority (about 70%) of dairy farmers in Pakistan are smallholder farmers. Up to 43% of dairying households in Pakistan maintain herd sizes of one to two animals while another 28% of the households maintain herds ranging from three to four animals3. Some 90% of milk production comes from these smallholder farmers. Out of the total dairy farming sector, more than half of the dairy farmers live in the Punjab province with an average of 2-3 dairy animals. Approximately 60% of milk produced is consumed in the small dairy farmer’s own household, and the surplus makes it to the market. As Milk is the only form of enriched nutrition available to the rural household, thus per capita rural consumption of milk is much higher than for the urban population. This consumption of nutrition value within the household reduces the compulsion of purchasing food externally, thereby making their scanty income available for other items, including animal care. It was this finding because of which the smallholder farmer was targeted as beneficiary for the interventions of the Dairy Project - to try to prove the hypothesis that with the right training, breed improvement and extension and support services, he could become a viable link in the dairy value chain.

The Pakistani dairy industry faces multiple challenges - improving the lot of smallholder farmers through enhanced profitability and rural infrastructure, significantly improving quality through supply chain and to the final consumer, and potentially facing an increased competition from international suppliers of dairy products. On the other hand the small farmers have very limited access to veterinary and breed improvement and other animal husbandry services due to which milk and meat supply is growing by less than 2 percent while demand is increasing by 5 percent. Making the above-mentioned services available to the farmers will result in an increase in income and livelihood of rural farming communities.

To re-engineer Pakistan’s dairy industry, both at farm and processor level and to address the identified challenges, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Dairy & Rural Development Foundation (DRDF) entered into a Cooperative Agreement No. 391-A-00-11-01206-00 for implementation of “Smallholder Dairy Project”. DRDF had experience of working extensively with dairy producers across Punjab on various activities including breeding, feeding, management and animal health improvement. USAID provided international project management capability and necessary funding. The Dairy Project was thus initiated by USAID and DRDF to foster sustainable increases in dairy and livestock productivity through adoption of best dairy farming practices, breed improvement, availability of timely extension services, and promotion of livestock businesses. Due to the vital importance of livestock sector in the rural economy of Pakistan, the Dairy Project’s extensive training programs for dairy farmers, women livestock extension workers, and artificial insemination technicians were designed to play an important role in transforming livelihoods of rural communities, as well as bringing a formalized outlook for the sector.

Collaboration with USAID has been a milestone for DRDF in the form of the Dairy Project, and its successful implementation has allowed DRDF to further evolve as a sustainable, reliable organization.

1.2 Project Mission & Objectives

Mission: Increasing incomes for poor rural households and creating employment opportunities for the rural youth in south Punjab, otherwise vulnerable to violence, extremism and extreme poverty.

Objectives:

The Dairy Project’s mission comprises of the following key objectives:

1. To create new jobs and enhance incomes of the most vulnerable rural communities with greater focus on the South Punjab;

2. Train and build the capacities of dairy farmers in best farming practices and introduce innovations resulting in enhancing income by 20 percent per annum;

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3. Develop human resource and promote entrepreneurship to provide artificial insemination and basic veterinary services at village level resulting in Breed improvement;

4. Organize small fragmented rural producers to enable more coordination amongst them to achieve scale of operations to reduce costs and increase incomes;

5. Capacity building of the Dairy and Rural Development Foundation to achieve sustainability in continuing support for the beneficiaries even beyond the life of the project

6. Promotion of entrepreneurship through training and building linkages with input suppliers

The Dairy project targeted those involved with the dairy sector and were in need of a solid platform to increase their employment opportunities and incomes with their newly acquired skills and services. The project resulted in improved farm management, higher milk productivity, reduced disease incidence, and adoption of better breed animals. The project increased incomes of rural households’ and created more jobs in the rural economy.

Project implementation followed an integrated value chain approach, identifying where value is being exchanged, how it is being exchanged along the value chain, and how commercial value is attached to each step of the dairy value chain and annexing the project components accordingly, to address these gaps. The project philosophy revolved around designing and prescribing curative and preventive measures as well as technology transference to

increase productivity and lowering costs of the farm through it’s basic production unit-the Cow (Cattle or Buffalo).

1.3 Project Management and Targets over Life of Project

The Dairy Project was initially designed as a training activity to support dairy farming and the livestock sector, with ancillary pillars of breed improvement and animal health management and improved nutrition of the smallholder dairy farmer using a value chain approach. Thus, participation of commercial organizations, which are also generators of services, was ensured at the outset, so commercial value could be attached to each step of the dairy value chain.

This project was completed in two phases. The first phase served as the learning phase and the second phase was the ‘Boom’ period of the project’s performance achieving greater impact with half the input. The time line for the first phase was January 2011 – January 2014, while the second phase, based on learning and with upgraded targets was October 2014 - January 2017, including three months of no-cost extension.

In the first phase, the project’s three-year goal was to provide direct assistance to 16,100 beneficiaries, including women attached to the dairy and livestock sector, rural youth and dairy-producing households. These 16,000 beneficiaries included training of 9,100 dairy farmers in progressive dairy farm management techniques as well as managers of large farms; 2,000 unemployed youth trained in artificial insemination skills, with free startup kits and motorbikes; and 5,000 women in basic animal health and management service skills, to help boost the dairy productivity by 15-20 percent. Other major segments of the project included media outreach program for information dissemination on best dairy farming techniques as well as capacity building of the parent organization, DRDF.

The second phase, building up on the success of the first phase, included scaled up targets of training of 40,000 dairy farmers in progressive dairy farm management techniques; 1,000 unemployed youth as Artificial Insemination Technicians with free startup kits; 1000 new WLEWs trained, and 1000 existing WLEWs provided with refresher training, as a motivational incentive to non-active WLEWs so they could again be geared to initiate their businesses), as well as development of 97 farms for up-gradation. The 1000 AIT target was reduced to 445, after introduction of the Livestock Bill by the Government of the Punjab, to comply with their requirements.

Upon award of the Dairy Project, even though DRDF as an organization had deep penetration to the farmers in the dairy sector, it lacked basic structures and systems to support it’s own evolution. This is also evident in the assigned targets in both phases of project award. Thus in the USAID award there was allocation for development of DRDF’s own systems. This investment in the evolution of DRDF as an organization was important, as at the time of award of the USAID contract, it was classified as a ‘high risk’ organization, because it lacked basic systems and management framework to be able to implement a USAID project. However, DRDF’s parent partner, Nestle, stepped in to assist DRDF to be able to implement The Dairy Project. Nestle supported the project through contributing key management resources, training farms, certain supplies and access to their field resources and commercial acumen. It is at this juncture that a unique management style, in the form of a Steering Committee was evolved, spearheaded by the USAID AOR Senior Development Advisor Sajjad Moghal. Through the vigilant guidance of the steering committee, the Dairy Project, as well as DRDF, learnt management structures and implemented management support systems including financial, Procurement, Accounting, HR, M&E, Marketing, etc. The classification from ‘High Risk’ was re-assessed by the USAID Office of Acquisitions and Assistance (OAA) and Office of Financial Management (OFM) teams in December 2011, and it was re-classified ‘Medium Risk’, allowing it to remove the obstacle with the project’s procurement activities and continue full throttle to ramp up field activities. The project further underwent a status

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change from ‘Medium Risk’ to ‘Low Risk’ in December 2012, upon compliance with various initial audits. During Phase 1 of its life, the Dairy Project underwent nine different modifications, to include various USAID compliance and documentation procedures and budgetary obligations, and converted its status from ‘High Risk’ to ‘Low Risk’.

In the second phase, DRDF worked diligently to develop its Standard Operating Procedures, internal systems and controls and achieved classification as ‘Low Risk’, as compared to its earlier status. This was reflected in its ambitious extension proposal, where DRDF targeted to train 40,000 farmers in best practices in two years at 100 Model Farms, planned to be upgraded in 100 villages, in half the amount of resources from it’s first phase. An additional 1,000 AITs and 1,000 WLEWs were to be trained in their respective areas along with re-training of around 1,000 WLEWs from the first phase of the project in advanced husbandry and business development skills. Subsidized imported semen was made available to the dairy farmers to accelerate breed improvement and milk productivity. In view of the acute energy shortages, the project had planned to shift 10 biogas units to biogas energy resources, as models to promote clean energy, sustainable waste processing and cost reduction for the farmer.

Building up on the success and learning of Phase 1, Phase 2 was successfully implemented from 2014 to 2017. During this time frame the project also underwent a rigorous audit of the USAID-Office of Inspector General’s Audit (OIG). As the project and DRDF’s management, reporting and monitoring systems had reached a certain level of maturity by then, the Audit provided a clean bill of health to the project. The OIG report documented the successful components of the project i.e the dairy farmers training and the artificial insemination workers trainings. The income targets for both components were achieved by 180% and 227% respectively, as detailed in Annex 2 . The OIG also identified the WLEW component as an area of improvement, which was provided additional time for follow-up in the extension phase. The Project also underwent 5 independent external audits, all of which resulted in no questionable costs verdict for the project. Thus in Phase 2, the Dairy Project not only achieved its ambitious targets, but DRDF as an organization was also able to develop a profit making business unit in the form of its semen supply network and laid down the groundwork for it’s supply chain, to include the WLEWs for various input supplies. As part of the Cooperative Agreement for Dairy Project between DRDF and USAID, DRDF was allocated a budget for capacity building. Through this budget they were able to develop the infrastructure and human resource required to cater to the requirements of quality semen distribution and develop a supply chain in a corporate manner, under approved SOPs and strict quality control at each level.

Through concerted efforts of DRDF and the project team, the project achieved its planned targets against the four components for Phase 1 and 2. The summary of this achievement against targets is shown in the following Chart.

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Timeline & Targets for the Life of the Project

Project Components Phase1 Phase-2 Extension Total Achievement

Farmers Trained 9,100 40,000 49,000 49,430

AITs Trained 2,000 445 2,445 2,489

WLEWs Trained 5,0001,000 (New) 1,000 (Refresher)

6,000 WLEWs 1,000 Refresher

6,034 WLEWs 1,021 Refresher

Awareness Campaign- Farmers Covered

2 Million 1 Million 3 Million 240,954 verifiable

Imported Subsidized Semen 0 25,000 25,000 25,000

Model Dairy Farms 3 97 100 118

Biogas Tube-wells 1 1 2 2

1.4 Snapshot of Project Outcomes over Life of Project

The project achieved its target for all four intervention areas; the project trained 49,430 farmers against a target of 49,100 farmers on best dairy farming practices. Out of these beneficiaries around 67 percent adopted more than three best practices at their farms leading to 17 percent increase in average milk yield of their farm animals, translating into $60 additional income per farmer per month3.

2,032 unemployed rural youth were trained in certified Artificial Insemination (AI) Techniques till Phase-1 of the project. It was later given an additional target of training 1,000 more AITs from Punjab. However due to change in livestock policies, the project had to revise the target to 445 AITs. By the conclusion of the project, a total of 2,489 AITs were trained. These AITs are earning on average PKR 12,012 ($114 approx.) per month and providing breed improvement services to farmers in over 17,500 villages in Pakistan with a conception rate of 60 percent. The project has also made an impact in areas other than Punjab, mainly Gilgit-Baltistan, Baluchistan, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)/FATA. Most importantly, for the ready supply of service to the AITs, the Project had contributed to the Capacity Building of the parent organization DRDF, which has delivered in terms of maintaining a reliable availability of breeding products to these AITs through a consistent supply chain.

5,015 rural women were trained in basic animal husbandry and livestock management by the project till Phase-1. With the extended targets given to the project in Phase-2, the project trained a total of 6,034 rural women from which 1,021 have been provided refresher/advanced trainings. These women are now playing a role of rural entrepreneurs earning an average of Rs. 1,648- ($15.7 approx.) a month. These women, now organized in clusters, are enabled to become an essential part of dairy extension service and elevate their social stature. Though the current income level of these WLEWs is still relatively low, yet this has been instrumental in earning respect for them not only within their families but in the communities in which they operate as well. This intangible benefit serves as the basis to transform the social mindset of rural patriarchal society.

The project upgraded 118 farms, against its planned target of 100 farms in south Punjab. The project had targeted 1:1 ratio of investments in the up-gradation of the dairy farms, however actual the ratio came out to be $1 to $1.37 as the farmers were willing to invest more than their 50 percent share. These 118 farms are field level demonstrators, where improved and cost-effective farm practices are being practiced. These model farms are managed not by experienced management and veterinary professionals, but by farmers who are trained by the project and resident of the beneficiary community. They are also intended to serve as awareness raising and training centers at the doorstep of the local community, to help increase frequency of exposure to implementation of best farm practices due to the close proximity of the model farms to the project beneficiaries. There is also spillover effect of this activity, as the farmers in the vicinity of these model farms have started upgrading their farms on their own initiative by hiring the local vendors who had worked on the project’s upgraded farms. This investment in up-gradation by the project is the first step towards benchmarking viable commercial dairy farming for smallholder dairy farmers.

In Phase 1, DRDF decided to pilot biogas production technology with a purpose of creating a commercially viable business model for gas production which can be supplied to the community on cost recovery plus profit basis. The project helped a community of dairy farmers in Tehsil Burewala District Vehari, to build a 50 cubic meter biogas plant using fixed dome technology. The gas produced from this plant was sufficient to run a 7.5 KVA generator connected to 500 liter chilled milk storage. The model worked well, as this community of farmers managed to save on average Rs. 18,000 ($180) on generator’s monthly running cost. The chilled milk also attracted additional Rs.2 3 Project Extension Report 2014-2016, Phase-1 Performance evaluation Report.

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(2 cent-dollar) per liter in selling price. The overall saving and better price fetched additional income of Rs. 29,000 ($290) to the chiller operation without relying on grid electricity for up to six hours a day. The bio slurry of the plant was rotated among community farmers and each one of them reported 50% increase in their farm production as well. In the second phase, the project had planned to scale up and establish 10 biogas plants. However, the farmers selected for this were reluctant to work with the project-identified vendor, as they wanted local vendors to construct these plants on their farms. This would have meant compromise on quality assurance and as per USAID policy on vendor selection. These local vendors with no experience were not eligible for taking up this task. Upon deliberations with the project’s technical management committee, it was decided that rather than construct 10 small scale biogas plants, the project should install one large capacity biogas plant of 375 cubic meter capacity in collaboration with the Punjab Livestock and Development Department dairy farm in Bahadur Nagar, Okara. This new model commercial scale plant was completed in December 2016 and handed over to the Livestock Department for future operation.

The Dairy Project’s Mass Awareness Campaigns were targeted to translate the Project’s scale, scope and outreach efforts using different media formats. The project’s various campaigns helped disseminate USAID’s key message among the target stakeholders, academia, beneficiaries and partners complying with USAID’s branding and marking guidelines. Over the five years of the project, these campaigns remained highly instrumental to help Dairy Project achieve its ultimate objectives to transform livelihoods through power of persuasion, using traditional and non-traditional media formats. One of the biggest hits of the Mass Awareness Campaign was the Road Show, and mobile float announcements planned and produced specifically for the Dairy Project. This non-traditional medium to spread the dairy project’s message proved successful in not only disseminating best practices for dairy farmers, but also challenged perceptions of traditional gender roles, thereby garnering awareness about the WLEWs roles in a dairy farming community, as well as spreading the messages about breed improvement, animal health and management and entrepreneurship. Around three million dairy households and public-private stakeholders across Pakistan, with major focus in South Punjab, have benefitted through these advocacy and outreach efforts.

Following is a summary of expected outcomes for the two phases over the life of the project

Expected Outcomes Phase1 Phase-2 Extension

% increase in milk yields 20-30 percent 10 percent

Villages served by WLEWs 2,000At least 1 village per WLEW

Villages benefitting from breed improvement 2,000At least 17,500 (over 7 villages per AIT)

Farmers reached through mass Communication 2 million 1 million

% of trained AIT to be self employed 70 percent 70 percent

Avg. income of AITs within 6 months post training PKR 3,000 PKR 4,000

Avg. income of WLEWs within 6 months post training PKR 3,000 PKR 2,500

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The valuable partnerships are a testament to project's efforts aimed to maximize dairy sector'spotential and help Pakistan emerge as a major player in the dairy and livestock market.

VALUING PARTNERSHIP

DairyProject

L&DD Department, Government of

Punjab

COMSATS Sahiwal (CIIT) PVTC

DRDF

UVAS, Lahore

Nestlé Pakistan Arid University

17


2.0 Project Implementation Details

Various detailed implementation actions were planned that included selection of geographical areas, key partnerships instrumental for project delivery and formation of support committees that worked around implementation strategies.

2.1 Key Partnerships

The Dairy Project elicited collaborations with various public and private sector organizations and institutions. Some key partnerships developed during the project are as follows:

1. Nestle

Nestle Pakistan provided key management and technical support to the Dairy Project during the project’s life. Nestle was the parent partner at the initiation of the project, whereby it supported through contributing key management resources, training farms, certain supplies and access to their field resources and commercial acumen. USAID Contributed $21 million, whereas Nestle’s in-kind contribution was $5.1 million. Nestle Pakistan dedicated the following resources to the project:

• Access to two farmer training centers including Sukheki and Sarsabz dairy farms for the Dairy Project’s Farmer and Farm Managers’ trainings, with both local and imported cows.

• Nestle Pakistan also provided resource management support to the Dairy Project, and seven Nestle employees were employed in the project including Project Director, General Field Manager Operations, Financial Controller, Human Resources Manager (in Phase 1 only) and two Field Operation Managers.

• Nestle Pakistan also provided overall guidance and commercial acumen including establishing linkages with private and public stakeholders.

• As per the agreement, Nestle Pakistan was providing antibiotic medicines for the WLEW kits and nitrogen gas for the AI technician kits for phase 1; in phase 2, this was done completely by DRDF.

• Contribution also includes support from personnel and zonal management staff for milk collection in the Punjab region, including selection of trainees and induction of project-trained beneficiaries.

2. University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore (UVAS)

The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, is one of the oldest Veterinary Institutions in Asia. Since its inception in 1882, the staff of this Institution has worked enthusiastically and successfully to conduct a wide range of programs that have effectively catered the educational and training needs in the field of Veterinary and Animal Sciences in order to achieve the training milestones of the Dairy Project. The Vice Chancellor of UVAS Lahore and the Chief Executive, Dairy and Rural Development Foundation (DRDF) Lahore, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), to develop goodwill and to expand interaction for hands-on trainings and certification of master trainers to ensure that certified trainers are entitled to conduct further trainings for Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEWs), Farm Managers and Artificial Insemination Technicians (AITs) in the field/rural areas of Pakistan; UVAS provided advice on curriculum development to the Dairy Project and also conducted examinations and provided certification to trainees (AITs, Farm Managers and WLEWs) and to provide support in the geographical areas, where technical professional assistance by the livestock department was not be readily available, as well as to beneficiaries of the Project.

3. Punjab Vocational Training Council (PVTC)

PVTC is an autonomous corporate body established by the Punjab Government. Its mission is to promote private sector participation by imparting demand-driven skills training and enhancing employability for disadvantaged youth. The Dairy Project signed a Memorandum of understanding (MOU) with PVTC to collaborate for conducting trainings for Artificial Insemination Technicians at Vocational Training Institute in Burj Attari, district Sheikhupura. The Project specifically had a tenancy agreement with PVTC, particularly the Burj Attari location , for training facilities, including training classroom, dormitory and mess facilities.

4. Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi

USAID-DRDF Dairy Project signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with PMAS-ARID Agriculture University. The MOU was signed to deliver hands on trainings and certifications of Dairy Project’s AI trainees. It entailed facilitating access to the slaughterhouse in Rawalpindi for providing practical training to the AI trainees and certifying the successful AITs.

The valuable partnerships are a testament to project's efforts aimed to maximize dairy sector'spotential and help Pakistan emerge as a major player in the dairy and livestock market.

VALUING PARTNERSHIP

DairyProject

L&DD Department, Government of

Punjab

COMSATS Sahiwal (CIIT) PVTC

DRDF

UVAS, Lahore

Nestlé Pakistan Arid University

18


5. COMSATS University, Sahiwal

USAID-DRDF Dairy Project signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with COMSATS during the extension phase for two years to provide training to the project’s master trainers for WLEW component.

2.2 Geographical Distribution

In the first phase, Dairy Project’s field offices/zones and training sites were established at the following sites:

• BurjAttari (District: Sheikupura), training site

• Rawalpindi (District: Rawalpindi), training site

• Faisalabad (District: Faisalabad), training site

• RenalaKhurd (District: Okara), bio gas unit

• Sukheki (District: Hafizabad), training farm-Nestle

• Khanewal (District: Khanewal), training farm

• PirMahal and Kamalia (District: Toba Tek Singh), zonal office phase 1

• Chichawatni (District: Sahiwal), zonal office phase 1

• Multan City (District: Multan), zonal office phase 1

• Hasil Pur, zonal office phase 1

• Bahawalpur, zonal office, phase 2

• Vehari, zonal office both phases

In the second year of the Project, other districts were focused including Vehari, Bhawalpur, lodhran and Multan and areas close by, depending upon the potential as per the project’s criteria. Each zone was headed by a Field Manager, who was responsible for the achievement of overall targets of his/her zone. Moreover, each zonal office had training teams, follow-up teams and monitoring and evaluation officers along with administrative and other support staff.

Training teams were mainly responsible for selection, training and post-training induction/establishment of selected Dairy Farmers, AITs and WLEWs. The phase 2 teams provide post-training technical support and linked the trainees to the stakeholders to better utilize the trainings.

In second phase, the Dairy Project’s training sites were established at the following sites:

• BurjAttari (District Sheikhupura),

• Sukheki (District Hafiz Abad),

• Vehari (District Vehari) and

• Bahawalpur (District Bahawalpur).

Through these sites, the project achieved the envisioned training targets. With the increased areas in phase-2 the project’s success could now be assessed across Punjab. However, in Year-4 and 5, the project focused on South Punjab, and the major operational districts were Lodhran, Vehari, Bahawalpur, Multan and Khanewal. These districts contributed to about 96% of the total beneficiaries trained in Phase 2. Following map shows the geographical coverage (beneficiary districts) over the life of the project interventions.

2.3 Intervention Area Selection

The project intervention area selection methodology was based on a strategy that aimed at an appropriate balance between efficiency and equity concerns. Table below shows selected indicators, data sources, and weights assigned to each indicator. The selection of villages in each district from where AI trainees were selected, depended on timely availability of AI services in a village (the project teams obtain information on it during community mobilization; help was also taken from the office of provincial Local Govt. Department and Livestock Department, etc.). Young educated men who were otherwise deprived of income opportunities become equipped with skills to offer new services.

Similarly, for WLEW trainings, factors such as availability of literate females were considered. This gave educated village-based females an opportunity to learn skills to provide basic animal health and management services to farmers, thereby improving livestock health and subsequently, milk production and incomes.

Table below shows selected indicators, data sources, and weights assigned to each indicator for geographical area selection for interventions.

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20


Indicator Data Source Weight(percentage)

Number of Cattle and Buffaloes per Union Council

Number of Cattle and Buffaloes: Pakistan Livestock Census 2006.Number of Rural Union Councils: Punjab Development Statistics 2011

50

Poverty Punjab Indices of Multiple Deprivations,2008-09 30

Animals per Veterinary Institution

Number of Cattle and Buffaloes: Pakistan Livestock Census 2006.Number of Veterinary Institutions: Punjab Development Statistics 2011

10

Percentage of Cows and Buffaloes Not Artificially Inseminated

Pakistan Livestock Census 2006 10

During its first year, Dairy Project mainly focused on Tehsil Chichawatni, Sahiwal, Pakpattan, Pir

Mahal, Shorkot, Kamalia, and Toba Tek Singh where WLEW and farmers were selected. AIT selection continued in these tehsils in later years as well. Multan, Shujaabad, Jalal Pur, Lodhran, Muzaffargarh, DG Khan, DuniyaPur were the areas where only AITs were trained and established in early years.

Dairy Project continued the selection of WLEWs and farmers in these districts in the second till fourth year that tremendously helped the project save its resources and community mobilization and candidate selection efforts with the support of the already working AIT, WLEWs and Dairy Farmers by Dairy Project.

2.4 Project Management Strategy

2.4.1 The DRDF Board of Governors (BOG)

Dairy and Rural Development Foundation (DRDF) was established in 1996 by interested cattle breeders, extension workers and the milk industry, as a charitable, non-political and non-government organization (NGO). DRDF is governed by a Board of Governors, which includes dairy farmers, extension representatives, processors and breeders. The BOG has two committees, one for Audit and one for Semen Selection. The DRDF BOG is additionally strengthened by including members of Engro Foods and Haleeb Foods and two other major milk processing companies (Millac) in Pakistan. The main role of the DRDF-BOG is to chart the strategic course of the company, and align the Dairy Project Project Management Unit along with DRDF’s future sustainability efforts.

2.4.2 Project Management Unit (PMU):

The Dairy Project PMU was headed by the Project Director (Chief of Party-COP) and acted as a control body for the whole project by providing support to the field offices to achieve and implement the project according to the agreed parameters. The Project Director (COP) was responsible for achieving the overall objectives of the project. He was assisted by General Manager Field Operations, Financial Controller, Monitoring and Evaluation Manager, Communications Manager, Procurement Manager and Admin and Human Resource Manager.

2.4.3 Project Committees

Following support committees were formed to assist the PMU in undertaking project activities

Steering Committee

One of the most unique features of this project was the appointment of the USAID-DRDF Dairy Project Steering Committee, which was the brainchild of the USAID AOR Senior Development Advisor. This committee was comprised of industry individuals with a wealth of local knowledge, collective wisdom and diversity, who were committed to volunteering their time with a combined vision for the dairy sector. This committee was the leadership, which guided the management trajectory of the project, underpinned by the various project components. The committee was headed by the Chairman Steering Committee Mr. Yawar Ali and included USAID AOR Senior Development Advisor Mr.

21


Sajjad Moghal, Head of Milk Collection Nestle Pakistan (Mr. Bill Stevenson in phase 1 and Mr Adeel Aali in Phase 2), Technical Advisor to the Dairy Project, Mr. Sheikh Waqar Ahmed and Project Director Mr Jack Moser. The Steering Committee’s role encompassed spearheading the operational activities of the Dairy Project and acting as a monitoring body for the project. The committee members were empowered by taking ownership of the different components according to their expertise and interest, and showing outputs achieved in the short term, and their impact in the long term. Fierce debates would ensue about the various priorities and timeliness of the

activities, and the Steering Committee provided constant course correction in light of these debates and keeping the targets of the project in mind. The USAID AOR provided important guidance in complying with USAID’s protocols, which were lacking when the project was initially awarded to DRDF. The Steering Committee dispensed frequent support to the project, including monthly meetings and reviews , based on which the project’s, as well as DRDF’s, internal management systems were strengthened. A total of 32 meetings were held over the life of project.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee comprised of three members of the Board of Governors of DRDF and met on a quarterly basis. The three members are Huma Fakhar, Aleem Bhatti and Amir Abdullah. The Internal Audit team of the project reported to the BOG Committee on a quarterly basis. The Audit committee informed the Project Director, whereas the Internal Auditor also informed the Project Director on a routine basis.

DRDF Semen Selection Committee

The DRDF Semen Selection Committee comprised of members of the Steering Committee, Board of Governors DRDF, Project Director and livestock experts from the Livestock Secretariat and Dairy Development Department. The primary objective of the DRDF Semen Selection Committee was to select top quality bulls on behalf of DRDF. In case of local breeds, the Committee selected bulls from Qadirabad Semen Production Unit (SPU), including the ‘Nili Ravi’ and ‘Sahiwal breed’. The Committee also helped select the most suitable sires from international breeds and continuous supply check before release into the market. The DRDF semen unit supplied the general market, as well as the AI kit provided to the AITs, and ensured a steady supply of semen to the AITs for running their businesses.

Procurement Committee

The Procurement Committee comprised of two categories: PRC 1 and PRC 2. Procurement Committee 1 comprised of a team of members including Project Director, Chairman DRDF, General Manager Field Operations, Financial Controller and Procurement Officer. PRC 1 handled all procurements above PKR 430,000. Procurement Committee 2 consisted of Project Director, General Manager Field Operations, Financial Controller and Procurement Officer. Purchases valued between PKR 100,000 and PKR 4,30,000 were directed to PRC 2 for approvals.

2.5 Project Implementation Protocol

All components of the Dairy Project were designed to be projects or subprojects independently, which is unprecedented in Pakistan. This kind of intervention has never been done before at this scale. Considering this, the Dairy Project was guided by the Steering Committee which steered major execution strategies and decision making. The steering committee also met on a regular basis to review project progress. The committee members had enriched experience of management and strategy comprising representatives from USAID, DRDF, and Nestle’ Pakistan.

Considering the large scale and fragmented nature of operations, it was deemed necessary to have multiple regional centers to organize activities around. Monitoring activities and measuring the impact had to be independent from the regional basis. Considering these requirements, Dairy Project was managed by a Project Management Unit comprising of all core departments (Field Operations, Monitoring & Evaluation, Human Resources, Environment, Finance & Administration, Procurement, IT and Communications). Each department was headed by a Manager, reporting to the Project Director. Internal Audit Department was directly reporting to the audit committee formed by the DRDF board of governors. An independent complaint cell was also working under the supervision of the Internal Audit Department. General Manager Field Operations (GMFO) headed all the project operation activities managing the zonal sites with each zone having mobilization, training and follow-up teams.

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2.6 Project M&E Plan

Dairy Project’s M&E system was based on the Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP), which was known as the M&E Activity Plan in phase 2, prepared with the technical help provided by Management Systems International (MSI) under Independent Monitoring and Evaluation Contract (IMEC) of USAID. The first PMP was approved in Project Steering Committee meeting on January 23, 2012, providing various results that the Project had to achieve during its life. It also provided indicators and targets against these results, as detailed in annex 1. The Project had to measure its performance against the indicators given in the PMP and initial work for the baseline survey in this connection was initiated in the early stages of the project. This baseline was to set the benchmark against which progress was to be measured. As the target performance indicators were defined in terms of the beneficiaries, it was necessary to collect baseline data once project beneficiaries were identified in each cluster of villages. Thus baseline data was collected on a rolling basis. Similarly, end-line survey was also conducted on a rolling basis so that post-training situation could be compared with pre-training situations at regular intervals, and the data available against the indicators in the defined PMP.

Dairy Project had also established a process monitoring system. Field M&E officers and data entry operators were hired for monitoring field activities and recording the data generated on various data collection tools that had been developed to internally capture the data about training, trainees and post-training activities of the beneficiaries. M&E Department produced reports such as Biweekly Report and Quarterly and Annual Progress Report on the basis of this data.

The results (for indicators in the PMP) were prepared on the basis of this internal data collected. Apart from that the project also initiated two independent studies to be carried out by third party evaluators. These evaluators assessed the performance of the project against the indicators mentioned in the PMP and reported their results for phase 1 and 2 of the project. As various M&E data needs to be stored in an information system so that it could be easily retrieved and analyzed, the project also developed an M&E information system for storing the project related data. From this system data could be exported to MS Excel for further analysis. The benefit of deploying such an information system was that it reduced the transcription errors and also made sure there were less chances of data manipulation to occur. Hence ensuring quality data to be available to the management.

Organizational processes flow and feedback pathways can be shown as the following schematic diagram:

• USAID AOR • Steering Commitee• BoG

Leadership

(Advice Quadrant)

• Management• Operations• Performance

Standards• SOP/Policy• Procurement• Communication

Organization (Activity Quadrant)

• Internal M&E• External M&E• Performance Audit• Quarterly &

Annual Reports• Baseline /Rolling

Surveys

Internal Audit (Checks & Balance

Quadrant)

USAID

DRDF

FEED BACK LOOP

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The Dairy Project’s sustainable dairy model centers oncommercially tradable products and extension services. Everyintervention adds value in the chain and generates further incomefor small farmers and jobs for rural men and women.

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3.0 Description of Project Components

3.1 Component – 1: Training & Support for Dairy farmers

The dairy farmer-training component of the Dairy Project delivered awareness trainings for rural dairy farmers on best dairy farming practices. The Dairy Project increased awareness so that a demand for extension services of WLEW and AIT is created as well; this was to result in better breeds and increased milk production within the dairy sector.

The goal of the project in the first phase was to conduct training sessions for 9,000 farmers and 100 farm managers. In addition to this, from 9,100 farmers to be trained the project had to support 800 farmers from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh and Baluchistan in attending the training courses that

the program offered in the Punjab region. These trainings covered topics such as improved feeding and animal nutrition, basic level animal health management, farm equipment management, shed management, and the importance of improved breeds. The Project had an ambitious plan to train 9,000 farmers and 100 farm managers over a period of three years in the first phase with the following specific targets to achieve:

The second phase saw the setting up of even more enhanced targets, as follows:

Outcome of Component 1- As a result of the farmer training initiative, farmers generally experienced a shift in their farming practices and simultaneously recorded changes through higher milk yield and an improvement in their incomes and livelihoods. Through these trainings the Dairy Project achieved the primary goal of creating incomes and opportunities for rural Pakistanis associated with the dairy sector, resulting in economic growth for the country.

All trainings for farm managers included separate components on basic bookkeeping and business skills. Knowledge of the basic business know-how added to the skills of farm managers. In this way, all trained farmers gained a better understanding of the milk value chain and how to profitably create linkages within it.

Classroom trainings were conducted at model dairy farms, where modern dairy farm management techniques were implemented at Nestlé demonstration farms at Sarsabz and Sukheki. All farmers received follow-up trainings for a specific duration depending upon the type of intervention. After successful completion of the training courses, particular farmers were also provided with basic equipment kit that helped them to put into practice the newly learnt farming practices. In order to provide additional support to the farmers, Dairy Project purchased silage making machines to use them for demonstration and awareness raising at the project’s activity areas and also facilitated 500 silage pits for the rural farmers in preparing silage for their farms.

• Two-day training for 5,000 traditional farmers

• Four-day training for 3,700 progressive farmers

• One month training for 300 commercial farmers

• Training of 100 farm managers

• Establishment of 3 model farms as a pilot project

• Sensitization for 2 million farmers

• Additional training for 40,000 farmers

• Installation of 10 small or 1 commercial Bio-Gas plants

• Outreach to another one million farmers

• Additional 97 farms to be upgraded

Farmers Receiving training on best farmpractices including improved animalnutrition

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The Dairy Project, over its 5 year life, has successfully trained a total of 49,430 farmers against its overall target of 49,100 farmers.

Below are some of the major performance indicators that reflect some of the impact of the intervention(s). These indicators were evaluated by conducting a comprehensive survey in April 2016. The statistics are representative of all the beneficiaries trained over the span of five years by the project and are the best estimates of the true picture.

Indicators Targets Performance

Average increase in the project-assisted household real annual income from dairy activities relative to the base-line

At least 10 percent increase in the household’s income from dairy activities.

23%

Percentage of farmers getting vaccination done, for FMD and HS, for their dairy animals

At least 40 percent of the farmers. 97%

Average monthly (per animal owned by project-assist-ed household) quantity of milk produced relative to the baseline

At least 10 percent increase in milk yield.

17%

Percentage of farmers using services of WLEWs relative to the baseline

At least ten percent farmers using services of WLEWs.

32%

Percentage of project-assisted farmers using at least three best practices relative to the baseline

60 percent farmers adopted three best practices

67%

Number of project-assisted farmers trained in business practices, and book-keeping

97.7 percent farmers 100%

The project had aimed to increase the milk yields of the dairy animals of the trained farmers by 10 percent resulting in increased income. According to a survey, on an average a 17 percent increase in milk yield was reported, which resulted in an average increase of 23 percent in household incomes owing to adoption of more than three best dairy farm practice by 67 percent trained farmers.

Disease outbreaks such as Foot and Mouth disease (FMD4) and Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) in the dairy animals are quite common in Pakistan. In Dairy Project’s training modules, more emphasis was given on the importance of vaccination against such diseases. Due to these efforts, on average 97 percent of the trained farmers are now timely vaccinating their animals against these diseases and taking precautionary measures. Linking these farmers with the trained WLEWs is very important as well to create a dairy hub, so that the farmers have access to good quality animal extension services. About 32 percent of the trained farmers are getting basic animal health care treatment and feed input services from project trained WLEWs creating within-project linkages that leverage the overall training effort thereby giving positive results.

FGD findings – Focus group studies in the target area of Vehari and its surroundings allowed the team to delve in detail through formal and informal discussions regarding issues that the farmers faced during the overall five years of the project. Most of them were generally satisfied with the extent and quality of trainings provided by the project. The farmers exhibited increased level of confidence regarding their farm management techniques as well as animal healthcare procedures that were clearly absent from their routine before the project commenced.

They were all of the view that before the project facilitation they had no or rudimentary knowledge about the farm management and animal upkeep practices. They were deficient in information regarding:

• Animal water requirements (Free access to water)

4 Dairy Project linked with FAO-USAID project to train the entire project staff on FMD, on how to collect samples, vaccinate as well as provided sample collection kits for strain identification, thus enriching the technical staff ’s knowledge and practice of treating FMD in Pakistan.

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• Signs of animal weaknesses

• Diseases recognition of animal; (Galghoto, FDM Viral Disease etc.)

• Feeding and nutrition requirements

• Need for deworming and benefits

The farmers stated adoption of some of the best practices taught during the course of the project that they intend to pursue and practice included:

• improved availability and access of water to the farm animals

• regular deworming of the animals

• providing improved nutritive feed, including Vanda, to the animals for enhanced satisfaction of their nutritional needs

Farmers were unanimous in their feedback that adoption of these best practices have borne great results and they are having improved animal health and greatly increased milk volumes resulting in increased household incomes. The percentage improvements of these variables varied from case to case but the overall feedback was highly positive and in no case was it mentioned that the progress was negative in any of these variables.

One pertinent reason mentioned by some farmers for not using all of the best farm practices taught by the project was ‘not enough resources’, mostly financial. Practices especially related to vaccination and in some cases, insemination services as provided by the Govt. sources were termed costly. Some synergies were found within project facilitation for these constructs but even those were termed costly by some of the farmers interviewed. As far as vaccination is concerned, the general mind set was to delay the administration of medicine using techniques based on heresy and local knowledge and practices often resulting in loss of animal.

On the positive side, a large majority of farmers admitted in gaining valuable knowledge regarding artificial insemination techniques and benefits of using both imported and local semen, natural mating, animal’s free access to water, and use of Vanda as fodder. A majority of farmers showed enhanced knowledge about silage making and shed improvement taught as a best farm practice.

Most of the farmers were of the view that the curriculum of the 2-day training course could’ve been more thorough in order for them to get maximum benefit out of the course facilitation, since most farmers could not take time out for the more detailed 7 day course. They were also of the opinion that monotonous lectures in skills development were found to be boring by the trainees. They were more upbeat about participatory learning techniques, which provided them with opportunity to share and learn from each other’s experiences in an environment that was conducive to learning. Farmers enjoyed farm visits where the farm owner briefed them about his innovative methods of livestock management. The visiting farmers asked questions and shared knowledge freely that was found to be mutually beneficial to all attendees.

Similarly, most of the farmers thought that the sensitization methodology using TV and Radio was not very effective whereas Road Shows were more effective in disseminating the required message to a larger number of people in shorter time. In most of their opinion, “social mobilizer” was the major and most accessible source of any information that they sought.

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The Dairy Project has created over 9,000 new job opportunitiesfor young unemployed rural youth, including women, who are now providing cost effcient and timely services to the rural farming community.

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3.2 Component – 2 -Training and Support for Artificial Insemination Technicians (AITs)

The objective of AI trainings was to improve the provision of AI services to foster good quality breeds that would help in improving livestock productivity and enhancing incomes of rural youths assisted by the project. The Dairy Project’s AI trainings aimed to significantly empower unemployed youths as entrepreneurs offering breeding services to dairy farmers, who are in turn acquiring access to better quality semen supplies ensuring better breeding of animals. The overall aim was to ensure that through better breeding, farmers are able to increase their milk production and incomes. As a result, income opportunities for both farmers and AI technicians were created.

Under the first phase of this component, 2,000 young individuals from rural Punjab, and 300 AI workers from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh and Baluchistan were supported in attending the training courses that the program was offering in the Punjab region. Another 1,000 AITs were planned to be trained in the extension phase. However this target was revised to 445 in 2015 to comply with the Livestock Act. This Act required that the training time for AITs be standardized and extended to six months, to comply with the Punjab Government’s Breeders Act. This compliance protocol included five weeks of formal training, four months of placement at a farm for practice and two weeks of refresher training at the end, before conducting of examination. This actually reduced the success rate of the AITs from that witnessed during Phase 1 of the project, as farmbeing placed on a farm reduced the actual hands-on practice of the AITs. However, the cost for these trainings was doubled, as the logistics costs increased.

These AITs were given five weeks intensive course, based on best European practices with additional support provided during two months of follow-up for each batch of AITs by the project team. Trainings included:

• A mix of theory, demonstration and practical exercises related to insemination

• Safe handling and maintenance of insemination guns,

• Liquid nitrogen cylinders for transporting semen, and other AI supplies and equipment.

Classroom trainings took place at AIT Centers (established by the Dairy Project) and the Government of Punjab’s Vocational Training Institutes (PVTC). A novel approach to the training concept was introduced, adopted from the European Training model. Dummy cows were designed and fabricated for simulation practice by the AITs. A steel frame was made by master trainers for the practice of students on the pelvic bone. This was a new and novel approach to simulation training for AITs in Pakistan. Additionally, access to the municipal slaughter house was extremely necessary to obtain real animal organs for table-practice by the AITs. This link was provided by PVTC,

as well as Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi for practical training of the AITs. The project had also rented a 50 cow unit for training in live animals, which was unprecedented. After successful completion of training and UVAS examination clearance, each AIT was provided with initial support including nitrogen cylinders to establish him as an entrepreneur. This support included AIT kit (including Nitrogen Cylinders, Semen, Semen Straws, and basic AI related equipment). To provide incentive to the AITs to expand their entrepreneurial practice, a motorbike was awarded to top performing AITs in Phase 1 and in Phase 2, it was provided on 50% cost share basis, upon successful completion of exam and obtaining certificate from the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS) and Arid Agriculture University (In phase 1 only).

As of January 31, 2016, the project had awarded 2,112 motorbikes to qualified AITs

Outcomes of Component 2: The AI component was generally considered as the most successful intervention of the project, providing the trained individuals with a regular and stable income stream and also acted as a catalyst for improving the breed of animals in the region. Due to the change in Punjab Government’s livestock policy in 2015, there were a few hurdles the project had to face in implementing the AI component. However, after redesigning the AI training curriculum and timelines, the component still achieved amazing results as shown in the table below.

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Average per month income of AITs from providing extension services relative to the baseline

At least Income PKR. 3,000 (US$ 32) per month

PKR. 12,012

Number of insemination procedures performed per AIT/per month

On average 20 insemination per month by an AIT

45

Number of villages served by project-trained AIT On average 4 villages per AIT 9

Percentage of AITs t providing professional services to communities

60 percent of AITs 79%

Conception rate of service provided by project trained AIT*

Conception rate of 60 percentStraws 60%

Overall 73%

Percentage of imported semen usedAt least 20 percent of the total semen applied

13.29%

Percentage of AITs attending follow up meetingsAt least 70 percent of the AITs attending such meetings

72%

Number of AITs trained in book-keeping, business management

100 percent 100%

*Conception rates mentioned are in 2 ways. One is calculated considering the total straws kept (total pregnant/total straws kept) and the other is calculated simply by dividing total pregnant animal by total tests.

The average income of project trained AITs as established in a survey conducted in April 2016 was estimated to be PKR. 12,012 (USD. 114.6) which was way above the set target. From the surveys, it was estimated that the average conception rate of the animals inseminated by the project trained AITs was around 73 percent as compared to the national average.

Over the life of the project, the AITs have been able to market themselves in the field and have established regular clients. On average, an AIT performed 45 inseminations per month and covered a total of 9 nearby villages. The project also supported and provided technical assistance to the newly trained AITs for three months even after they had completed their training. Initially, these AITs were provided technical support, monthly follow up and free weekly Liquid Nitrogen Gas (LNG) refills.

Using the data collected over the last five years and applying modest assumption, it can be safely estimated

that:

“Around 789,550 heifers have been given birth through the insemination done by the project trained AITs from July 2012 till September 2016, which is 185,686 heifer per year, contributing significantly to the improvement of progeny and overall milk industry of Pakistan” – Annual Progress Report 2015-16

Field FGD Findings –The field findings through FGDs and Key Informant Interviews regarding AIs was very interesting as most of the “working” AITs who were interviewed were very upbeat and highly satisfied with the outcomes of the trainings, especially the financial gains most of them have made since participation in the project. The most

This project AIT training program was introduced to me through my friend. My initial income was around PKR 2,500 per month, being a school teacher. Now I am easily earning PKR 8-10K a month. I have put my daughter in a private school and also afforded a UPS for the house. -Mr. Irshad, Tibba Sultan near Dist. Vehari.

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important outcome that majority of the participants mentioned was the boost in their confidence and enhancement of their income level and social status resulting in heightened self-esteem.

Most of them, however pointed out that they would still need handholding after regular intervals regarding refresher courses to keep them abreast with new techniques and methods of administering and safe storing of the semen. Something that the project or DRDF might have to look into by offering them facilitation using the 118 upgraded farms.

One of the important constraint mentioned by the AITs during their feedback was the competition they faced from similar Government level operatives who provide AI services at lower rates of Rs. 50 for similar services, as compared to their rates of Rs 300. They however opined that the overall quality of facilitation by the Govt. representatives was not up to the mark and the insemination conversion ratio also wasn’t that healthy, as a result farmers still preferred to call project trained AITs, but for most cost conscious farmers this was still a game changer.

AITs also pointed out the need for more courses regarding sheep and goats and similar animals to broaden their outreach and earning potential. Every household in the facilitative care has multiple animals and presence of a large majority of goats and sheep, provides vast potential for breed improvement that could lead to fulfilling the requirement of good quality meat in the market.

All the interviewed AITs were unanimous in their opinion that USAID-DRDF project has played a Key role in creating the necessary linkages with various service providers in the market. Provision of quality semen is one thing, but the access to various service providers using business cards has boosted their business potential tremendously.

Training about another subtle but important aspect was imparted by the DRDF project to them that related to their ability to maintain and keep records in a formal way that helped them track their professional and financial performance. Prior to the project they admitted to not using any record keeping protocols and were going about their business in a very haphazard manner. As a result they were not able to track their clients, the progeny, their profits, their receivables (if any). USAID-DRDF project encouraged and facilitated them by providing training in record keeping methodologies and how to manage and maintain a register of their activities, especially the herd book management to track the progeny.

Interaction with “non-working” AITs also revealed some interesting points that helped get a better handle of circumstances that led to their inactivity.

It was identified that in some cases distribution of geographical territory was a main cause of some AITs to go out of action. There were some localities where the project identified multiple AITs while a number of veterinary doctors were also available in the same region creating “internal competition”. The demand for services was stagnant. As a result most of the AITs were unable to find work in the area resulting in a loss of interest due to low or no financial incentive.

This points out towards an important aspect of beneficiary selection at the project level. Care should’ve been taken before selecting beneficiaries regarding their geographical landscape and the level of competition from similar service providers in that location. The demand side should also have been investigated more thoroughly in terms of number of animals in that area which could require that service in order to balance out the AI resources against potential demand.

Most of the inactive AITs showed their willingness to resume the activity and for that they stressed the need of a possible refresher course if possible that would enable them to kick-start their activity.

Knowledge and ability of the AIT to satisfy the farmer and his success rate with insemination were deemed to be the two most important factors for repeat and recall by the farmers.

Another non-working AIT, by the name Muhammad Irshad from tehsil Burewala 421 EB, who undertook a month long training opined that immediately after training he got a job offer at the Session Courts Burewala that offered him PKR 22-25K per month as compared to PKR 8-9K that he was able to make through the AI work. So he decided to discontinue. He returned the cylinder and all doses.

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The Dairy Project’s holistic approach in addressing the issue of gender

equality in rural setting serves the long term goals of women

empowerment, establishing them as credible entrepreneurs in rural areas.

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3.3 – Component -3 Training & Support for Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEWs)

The main objective to conduct trainings for WLEWs was to increase the use and availability of livestock services provided by WLEWs for improving livestock productivity and enhancing incomes of rural females assisted by the project. This objective of improving overall livestock productivity was envisaged to be achieved through empowering literate village based females to become entrepreneurs.

Dairy Project’s goal was to train a total of 5,000 unemployed women as WLEWs to improve livestock extension services in the project villages during phase -1. Another 1,000 new WLEWs were to be trained in the extension phase, along with 1000 WLEWs from phase 1, to be given refresher training.

Initially, the project planned to offer two types of trainings namely: Basic Animal Health training for Livestock Health Workers (LHWs); and Livestock Business training for Livestock Business Entrepreneurs (LBEs).However, later, this differentiation was eliminated and it was decided that similar training would be provided to all WLEWs and after the training it will be decided which WLEWs will be established as LHWs and which one will be established as LBEs.

With a high non-active rate of trained WLEWs witnessed towards the end of Year-3, the project decided to start providing refresher trainings to WLEWs so they could again be motivated and geared to initiate their businesses. The training was followed by one-month technical support to the trained WLEWs. Farmer help camps were also arranged in the last week of training for each batch (in some of selected villages to ensure their hands on practice) to treat animals of the community free of cost. Furthermore, visits of model dairy farms, veterinary hospital and milk collection center were also arranged for trained WLEWs, to give them practical insight about modern farm practices and animal treatment.

To date, the project has given training to 7,055 WLEWs from the project’s envisaged target of 7,000 and the average income of the WLEWs trained over the past five years is estimated to be PKR 1,648 (USD. 15.7) per month5

Component Outcomes: Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEW) is an important component of the Dairy Project as it ensured provision of timely quality extension and basic veterinary services to dairy farmers at their door step. Moreover, this component served the long term goals of female empowerment and establishing women as credible entrepreneurs in rural areas. Following are the performance indicators related to the trained WLEWs (including the ones given refresher) by the project over the five years. All values are average of the total sampled WLEWs.


Average per month income of WLEWs from livestock services relative to the baseline

Income of at least PKR. 2,000 per month

PKR. 1,648

Number of farmers using the services of project trained WLEW per month

13

Number of villages served by project-trained WLEW per month

On average 1 village per month 2

Number of project-trained WLEWs providing services as self-employed extension workers

At least 60 percent of the trained WLEWs providing livestock services.

38%

Number of WLEWs operating/managing project-supported milk collection points in project-assisted communities

At least 20 Milk Collection Points 16

Number of WLEWs trained in business practices, book-keeping, and milk collection

100 percent 100%

Field findings

The sample for WLEWs was also divided in “working” and non-working” WLEWs. Project staff facilitated community meetings and helped in bringing all the WLEWs members together at one place to conduct the survey.

5 Annual Performance Review 2015-16

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In general both working and non-working WLEWs pointed it out that they find it hard to get input supplies at their door steps. They credited the project assigned follow up teams in helping to link the trained WLEWs with input suppliers

(medicine and Vanda). Apart from that, they admitted that the project team also put in efforts to stretch their existing linkages with the market for recycling of medicine, Vanda and urea molasses blocks (UMB).

The main aspect that emerged after investigating the “working WLEWs” was their less than affluent backgrounds that provide them with the continuing incentive and hunger to work as WLEWs. A couple of WLEWs interviewed had redundant husbands who were not providing any financial support to their families. One of the WLEW had an ailing father. The most striking factor that come out as a difference between working and

non-working WLEWs was their financial status. The poorer the family they belong to, the higher the probability that they are from the “working” category. Those interviewed admitted strong admiration for the project which in their opinion provided them with the opportunity to enhance their family income resulting in enhanced self-esteem and happier, healthier families. The increase in disposable incomes as stated by all the interviewees, was the single most satisfying and appreciated aspect of the whole exercise.

For the Non-Working category amongst WLEWs, social constraint was identified as the single most major issue which majority of these rural women face when they come out of their homes to work as WLEWs. Also, to compete with local male extension workers who enjoy more acceptability as compared to them is also a major reason cited by the non-working WLEWs for discontinuing their work.

They opined that due to these social constraints, they were not able to work to their full potential. Retention rate of these trained beneficiaries is around 38 percent, however, despite the social and cultural barriers, there are few strong women in the region who continued to establish their business in their villages.

The non-working category also pointed out a similar observation as disclosed by the AITs in terms of criteria for selection of candidates in locations where supply exceeds demand. A higher number of WLEWs have been trained, while the demand for their services is minimal. The situation is aggravated by the presence of male AITs who become their direct competitors since they also provide similar advice to the farmers who tend to show more acceptability towards their male counterparts resulting in lost business.

Some of them also complained about lack of negotiation power they exercise with input suppliers resulting in higher input costs which the farmers discard due to the false prevailing perception that a project assisted worker must be getting free medicine, and then decide not to pay for it.

Here again, affluence of the familial financial background was found to play a major part in their decision to become inactive in WLEW work after being trained. Most of the non-working WLEWs came from affluent backgrounds with working husbands and fathers and without a high urge to provide for the family. As a result, the interest in the work is lost.

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3.4 – Component-4 Farm Up gradation & Bio Gas Units

The differentiating feature of the second phase of the Dairy Project was providing technical and financial support to farms with herd size of 6-30 milking animals, so these upgraded farms can serve as a training and motivational model for neighboring small dairy farmers. The main idea was to build a sustainable source of training and capacity building

annexed to the three components that the project facilitated over its life. These farms could be used as facilitative hubs for all the farmers, WLEWs and AITs trained and provide advice and support once the project is over. On these farms, one-day training and practical demonstrations on implementation of best farming practices was provided to the local farming community. Apart from the training, the farmers could revisit the farms to seek guidance. This was considered a much faster way to spread awareness among the rural dairy population, and facilitation of farmers interested in up gradation of their farms but do not have the required resources.

Animal nutrition is an essential part of animal health and milk productivity and cost of production of fodder is a major concern for the farmers. As part of the Dairy Project’s vision to enhance rural incomes, the project aimed to shift 10 irrigation tube wells running on fuel/electricity to manure biogas units. This would have helped reduce the energy cost by reutilizing the waste of the dairy farm i.e. cow dung and at the same time slurry from these biogas units could have been used as manure/fertilizer thereby improving the fertility of the surrounding cultivated land as an additional benefit to the farmer. However, due to the larger interest of the farming community, the project decided to construct one large capacity biogas plant on one of the government owned dairy farm in year-5.

Farm Upgradation

$1 contribution is matched by $1.37 contribution by the farmer

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UP-GRADED MODELDAIRY FARMS$1 contribution by USAID is matched by $1.37 contribution by the farmer

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3.4.1 Farm Upgradation Highlights

The farm upgradation, or model farms, component remained highly successful, enabling the project to reach out to advanced number of farmers. These Model Farms were designed to be the main vehicle to deliver technical training to the project beneficiaries, as well as increase frequency of exposure to emulate and to implement best farm practices due to the planned close proximity of the up-graded model farms to the project beneficiaries (proximity of the Model Farms was not be greater than approximately 10KM away from the beneficiary). These upgraded farms were not managed by experienced

management and veterinary professionals, but by farmers who are from the beneficiary community, which would increase the level of comfort between these farms as training center, and the beneficiaries. Moreover, the practices are cost-effective and easy to understand and implement.

In Phase 1, only three farms were upgraded as model farms, whereas the Nestle’ farms were the main vehicle to impart technical training to the farmers in basic farm practices. In Phase 2, the project had planned to upgrade an additional 97 farms, to achieve the original target of 100 upgraded model farms. This component achieved tremendous success, as a total of 118 farms were upgraded as model farms, during life of project. During year 4 and 5 of the project, these farmers were also supported by a team of farm economists, to analyze the cost of feed and production and introduce them to 3:1:7 strategy so that they can run their farms optimally. These upgraded farms practiced and taught, the 3-1-7 strategy, developed by the project team, entailing 305 milking days, at least one calf per year and 70 percent lactating animals, throughout the year. This would be possible if farmers adopt best farm practices with improved and advanced technology of breeding, feeding and mechanization. The top 3 upgrade requests by the farmers for upgradation were for Shed construction, Milking machine and provision of silage making machine in same order for importance. Once the farm was selected and the agreement was signed between both the parties, the farm was open for One-day and Seven-day farmer trainings, being accessible for a total of five years (including Three years after project completion).

The Dairy Project has contributed/committed a total of PKR. 31,738,652 (USD. 302,801) for the upgradation of the 118 farms, whereas the farmers contributed/committed PKR. 42,720,000 (USD. 407,568).This investment can be considered as an up-gradation effort that would be the first step towards viable commercial dairy farming for small dairy holders.

Field findings

Discussions with these upgraded farm owners revealed that the production cost on the selected farms adopting traditional practices was, on average, higher than the dairy standards. The farm up-gradation team has provided helpful solutions to decrease such costs making them more cost effective by adopting best dairy practices. The below given figure shows, pre and post adoption rate of best practices by these farms. As the farm plays an important role for mobilizing the farmers and acts as a model farm for the nearby villagers in the dairy business, the project was able to provide a total of 39,123 farmer’s awareness sessions on these farms.

Not only this, there is also spillover effect of this activity, as the nearby farmers have started upgrading their farms on their own by hiring the local vendors who had worked on the project’s upgraded farms.

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3.4.2 Biogas Plant Highlights

In Phase 1, DRDF decided to pilot biogas production technology with a purpose of creating a commercially viable business model for gas production which can be supplied to the community on cost recovery plus profit basis. The project helped a community of dairy farmers in Tehsil Burewala District Vehari, to build a 50 cubic meter biogas plant using fixed dome technology. The gas produced from this plant was sufficient to run a 7.5 KVA generator connected to 500 liter chilled milk storage. The model worked well, as this community of farmer managed to save on average Rs.18,000 ($180) on generator’s monthly running cost. The chilled milk also attracted additional Rs.2

(2 cent -dollar) per liter in selling price. The overall saving and better price fetched additional income of Rs. 29,000 ($290) to the chiller operation without relying on grid electricity for up to six hours a day. The bio slurry of the plant was rotated among community farmers and each one of them reported 50% increase in their farm production as well.

The project in its last two years put extra effort to establish the 10 biogas plants it had committed at the start of the extension phase. In Year-5, after advertising about this activity on different media outlets, farmers were shortlisted and interviewed for the construction of these plants on their farms. However, the farmers were reluctant to work with the project as they wanted local vendors to construct these plants on their farms. This would have meant compromise on quality assurance and as per the USAID policy on vendor selection. Also, these local vendors were not eligible for taking up this task. The project was unable to influence these farmers to let the project select the appropriate v e n d o r for the

construction. Hence, later it was decided that rather to construct 10 small scale biogas plants, the project should install one large capacity biogas plant of 375 (300 x 3 + 75) cubic meter capacity in collaboration with the Punjab Livestock and Development Department dairy farm in Bahadur Nagar, Okara.

The inauguration of this “technology demonstrator” was held on 5th December 2016. Different stakeholders attended the ceremony. United States Consul General Yuriy Fedkiw and the Minister for Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab, Asif Saeed Manais inaugurated this commercial biogas plant. The project was given a target of achieving a gas pressure in between 1.5 PSI to 2.5 PSI and on the day of the inauguration 2.5 PSI was witnessed on the gauges of all the digesters. The plant will yield significant benefits including electricity generation for agricultural production, cooking gas, and manure production.

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3.5 Component – 5 Mass Communication and Awareness Campaign

Mass Communication and Awareness component played a major role in the Dairy project’s outreach efforts, both at the grassroots level, as well as at the strategic or sectoral level. During its lifespan the project conducted hundreds of events, conferences, workshops, and information campaigns using various mediums (Annex 3 and 4). Some landmark activities included the two donor conferences organized by the project, various mass media campaigns, engaging street theater shows, as well as innovative usage of ITC and social media.

3.5.1 Donor Mapping Conferences

In Punjab, several donor-supported private and public projects are performing a wide range of livestock and dairy interventions aimed at increasing livestock productivity and rural incomes. However, coordination among various development actors in livestock sector in Punjab is lacking at both, the formal and informal level. Most of these donor-supported projects are performing similar interventions in the same geographical location. Coordination would enable the different projects to align their efforts towards achieving the same goal. The drawback associated with lack of coordination resulted in overlapping in certain areas of work and geographical locations, which may neglect other important issues and locations. Coordination would also help to collect and share information and harmonize the operational policies and procedures to improve the effectiveness of development assistance in the livestock sector.

The Dairy Project conducted two donor mapping conferences, one in 2012 and again in 2015, to try to develop synergies and reduce parallel activities through improved coordination, thereby saving precious resources and time. The conferences highlighted the specific challenges faced by the sector, and examined the opportunities to resolve some of the underlying problems through policy development, planning, and training in the livestock and dairy sector. They sought to coordinate –and synchronize the activities of all the livestock and dairy sector projects in Punjab, and to establish a common future vision underlined by the government among the participants. The conferences brought together donors, organizations and policy makers interested in supporting the livestock sector, synergizing their efforts and ensuring that the interventions are in line with the priorities of the Government of Punjab. The conference also highlighted the specific challenges faced by the sector, and examined the opportunities to resolve some of the underlying problems through policy development, planning, and training in the livestock and dairy sector

The primary objective of both the conferences was to coordinate support amongst donors and gather information to develop an effective approach for the advancement of livestock and dairy business development in the Punjab

Both these conferences had a healthy participation from more than 40 representatives from major donor agencies and development projects in attendance. Representatives from USAID, Livestock and Dairy Development Department (L&DD), Plan Pakistan, Agriculture Support Fund (ASF), Australian Trade Commission, Agriculture Innovation Project (AIP), Agriculture Support Linkages Program (ASLP), HRSG Consulting and Sahiwal Cattle Breeders Society delivered insightful presentations about the work being done in the dairy and livestock sector, the challenges, opportunities and the way forward.

Some of the pertinent observations for development of the dairy sector, recorded during the conferences are summarized as follows:

• Aligning the priorities of the Government and Donor agencies

It was agreed upon that the role of Government is to play the regulatory role whereas the Private sector should take the lead in enhancing the dairy production and the marketing of dairy and meat products. There is a need of Institutional Development that is the key priority for Government and emphasis should be given to fill this important gap that can hinder the proper implementation and getting the maximum output of the projects.

• Overlapping – Geographical locations

It is obvious that there are geographic areas where there is overlapping of the same activity by different projects

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whereas there are areas which are deprived of any single project.

There is an urgent need to re-align the activities of different project with regard to their geographic location in order to get the desired effect of productivity enhancement in the more neglected areas.

• Overlapping – Thematic areas

The same is the case with the thematic areas with respect to the geographical location of all the projects. It is obvious that few of the activities are more in focus to the donor agencies whereas the need of other activities necessary for the development are neglected and not given due consideration.

• Role of Major Stakeholders

The public sector should play a regulatory and coordinating role, providing key inputs in specialized areas such as vaccine and breeding research, and sector statistics. The private sector should be involved in all operational aspects of the value chain, including extension, veterinary services, feed provision, artificial insemination, and milk sales and distribution. Donor agencies such as USAID, AusAID, DFID and ADB have tirelessly worked to improve the lives of those involved in the dairy and livestock sector at the national and grass-root level.

Important recommendations documented through Donor Conferences

It was unanimously agreed that it is crucial to maintain a multi-faceted and holistic approach to dairy and livestock sector development to ensure that resources are invested in an efficient and effective manner. The following were some priority areas identified through deliberations of both conferences:

• Compile a comprehensive Herd Book—an official record of pedigrees of recognized local livestock breeds—since it is imperative that we better understand herd structures and herd composition. In additional to pedigree, information about size, body conformation and performance is included in the book. A herd book would help increase the milk yield per animal by allowing the farmer/breeder to carefully select and raise the optimal progeny, thereby implementing the best dairy practices based on the pedigree of the cow/buffalo. Such an initiative would not only increase the milk yield, but would also counteract the import of cattle in Pakistan.

• Identify and focus on the neglected geographical areas and districts of Punjab.

• Create an enabling environment for the dairy and livestock sector. This could be by improving public service delivery system. The government must facilitate linkages between the dairy community and input and sales markets. Moreover, a concerted effort is required to coordinate government’s development efforts.

• Address the major infrastructure constraints (e.g. roads and electricity) that hinder growth.

• Create public-private partnerships in agricultural research and extension to help public research systems become more responsive to farmers’ actual needs. Collaboration amongst the various agencies and the government on dairy development projects would go a long way in bettering dairy and livestock sector. Delegates showed unanimous support for establishing public-private partnerships as they believed the private sector was crucial to fueling economic growth in the sector, and noted the need for improving public-service delivery and facilitating linkages to input and sales markets

• The participants devised a Support Matrix to identify project / agencies interventions, geographical disposition, overlaps, and potential synergies. Such information would help evaluate the performance of the sector—and the interventions—in a holistic manner and plan future activities accordingly.

3.5.2 Community Outreach campaigns

The outreach activity was aimed at developing TV, radio, and/or print infomercials on subjects such as de-worming, vaccination, mastitis control, breeding, and feeding practices, and an extensive campaign on Aflatoxin mycotoxin

Geographical Spread of some of the Projects working directly with Dairy Sector in Punjab

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problems faced by the dairy industry. The awareness campaign through TV, radio, and/or print media was aired in about 2000 villages in the Punjab and other provinces. Farmer workshops, farmer days and silage-making days were also organized to motivate farmers in Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to encourage them to adopt improved animal husbandry practices.

A unique medium utilized by the Dairy Project was the Street Show Theater. This was a custom developed theater show, with the main theme revolving around introducing the best dairy farming practices, with the tag line highlighting the ‘3-1-7’ principle-350 milking days, one calf per year and 70% milking animals in the herd. The street theater also introduced the AITs, and the WLEWs to the respective communities, in a light hearted manner, for easy uptake of message, and cultural acceptability. These street shows were conducted in 42 locations.

In a survey, conducted by the project, to gauge effectiveness of this campaign in the targeted location, it showed:

Description Percentage

Total individuals who heard about it in the targeted villages 95%

Total individuals who attended the shows in the targeted villages 54%

Individuals who knew and did not attend in the targeted villages 43%

Perception of the community Percentage agreed

Was the show an effective way to give information about dairy best practices? 99%

Was the successful in creating awareness among the population about dairy best practices? 99%

Was the show successful in mobilizing community for trainings 97%

Did you disseminate the information you got from the training to other people 82%

If yes, to how many farmers did you forward the message too On average 19 farmers

The main objective of this effort was to translate Dairy Project’s scale, scope and outreach efforts using different media formats. The idea was to disseminate USAID’s key message among the target stakeholders, academia, beneficiaries and partners complying with branding and marking guidelines. Over the life of the project, various campaigns were undertaken to help Dairy Project achieve its ultimate objectives to transform livelihoods through power of persuasion, using traditional and non-traditional media formats. So far, around three million dairy households and public-private stakeholders across Pakistan with major focus in South Punjab, have benefitted through these advocacy and outreach efforts. One of the major mass awareness campaigns run by the project include the Aflatoxin/Mycotoxin message, spread in the dairy farming communities across Punjab using radio, tv and print media. This helped farmers gain awareness about these issues, and how proper animal health and nutrition can reduce its incidence.

The Dairy Project also utilized information technology and communication (ITC) very effectively to develop and disseminate specialized modules on all aspect of animal care and husbandry practices, including disease management, proper feeding and animal comfort. These video training modules were provided to the upgraded farmers, pre-loaded in tablets by the project, for ease of dissemination and sharing. These training modules are also available for the public at large through websites like Vimeo and Youtube and social media.

The Dairy project also created a mass of print material including informative brochures, leaflets and guidebooks on disease management, breed improvement, animal health and nutrition. These were disseminated to all major

Awareness campaign brochure about breed improvement

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agriculture universities and research centers in Punjab, placed in special USAID-DRDF branded racks for easy access.

Field findings. Most of the beneficiaries interviewed gave mixed responses towards the efficacy of the various mass communication tools employed over the years. Most of the Farmers, WLEWs and AITs found the radio programs to be least effective. In their opinion the timings of the programs were not told in advance and as such they missed most of them when they were aired. Most of them however, opined that the road shows were most effective especially, when there was an element of drama involved. The message that these road shows conveyed reached a larger audience and it had a more significant effect that any other media tool employed by the project.

In their opinion, the frequency of the road shows could have been higher so that the message could have more mental retention, but that was not the case. Banners and advertisements attracted mixed responses from the beneficiaries interviewed. It could be that in the location where this survey was carried out (Dist. Vehari), the effect of these actions was less marked. A more detailed investigation in other locations would have revealed a more holistic view about the effectiveness of these campaigns.

4.0 Cost benefit Analysis

A brief consolidation of some of the results6 achieved by the project during its 2 phases is categorized in the following key areas of intervention.

1. Change in Income Level of the project beneficiaries (category wise)

2. Employment opportunities created by the project

3. Avenues of value additions through leveraged investments along with projections

1- Income levels of beneficiaries (AITs & WLEWs)

AIT current income (surveyed April 2016) averaged at PKR. 15,877 per month, with 95% confidence interval of PKR.13,870 to PKR.17,885 per month. Similarly, WLEW (including Refresher) current income (surveyed April 2016) = average PKR. 1,648 per month, with 95% confidence interval of PKR. 1,305 to PKR.1, 991 per month.

Beneficiary Phase Average experience Average Profit

AIT Phase-1 41 months PKR. 11,367 per month

AIT Phase-2 9 months PKR. 9,408 per month

WLEW Phase-1 35 months PKR. 1,648 per month

WLEW Phase-2 9 months PKR. 740 per month

In the case of WLEW another dimension reflecting project capacity building has to be categorized based on the profit earned due to refresher trainings that were provided to them over the course of the project. There was a considerable number of WLEWs who never received these refresher trainings and still operated in the field. The resulting change in their incomes as a result of the refresher course was also quantified and an average based on low/high values was calculated and is shown in the following table;

6 Disclaimer: all the values calculated are estimated values and can vary from the actual situation on the field. The values are estimated using the survey’s conducted by M&E over the last 5 years in the project and using few assumptions

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Type LWR 95% Average UPR 95% Unit

Average Profit of WLEWs not given refresher 827 1,315 1,804 PKR. per month

Average Profit of WLEWs given refresher 1,659 2,967 2,616 PKR. per month

2- Employment opportunities created

Following, is the consolidation of direct employment opportunities created during the entire project lifecycle inclusive of 2 phases.

Type Estimation (till April 2016)

Total Direct employment opportunities estimated 5,997 jobs*

Total Direct employment sustained estimated 2,983 jobs

Total In-direct employment estimated 3,938 employees

Note: Total WLEWs and AITs trained till April are 8,235. Few of these beneficiaries before taking up training were working full time, hence they have been excluded from the total employment opportunities created by the Project.

3- Value-additions/Leveraged investment:

The third category of improvement brought about by the project is quantified through incremental value added to various outcomes like increase in yield of milk and animals etc.

3.1 Incremental value-added to yield

Indicator Daily Monthly Annually Unit

Increase in milk value per animal 38 1,127 13,519 PKR.

Milk value per animal 258 7,754 93,043 PKR.

Increase in milk value per farm* 113 3,380 40,557 PKR.

Milk value per farm 775 23,261 279,129 PKR.

Note: On average the benefited farmers have 3 milking animal per farm

3.2 AIT current income + (via regression) income in 5 years’ time

It is estimated that incomes for AITs would be on average about 23,581 PKR. Per month in the next 5 years’ time,

3.3 WLEW current income + (via regression) income in 5 years’ time We estimate that AITs income would be on average about 3,362 PKR. per month in the next 5 years’ time, with confidence level of 95% ranging from PKR. 1,895 to PKR 4,826 per month. The estimation has

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2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

AIT

inco

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(PKR

. PM

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Point forecast of AIT income using ARIMA modelling

Actual

Point Forecast

Lo80

Hi80

Lo95

Hi95

1,648

3,362

1,898

4,826

-

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

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2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

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Point forecast of WLEWs income using ARIMA modelling

Actual

PointForecastLo80

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Lo95

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44


with confidence level of 95% ranging from PKR. 18,360 to PKR 28,802 per month. The estimation has been made using the historical data of 2 years and using ARIMA modelling.

3.3 WLEW current income + (via regression) income in 5 years’ time

It is

estimated that income of WLEWs would be on average about 3,362 PKR. Per month in the next 5 years’ time, with confidence level of 95% ranging from PKR. 1,895 to PKR 4,826 per month. The estimation

has been made using the historical data of 2 years and using ARIMA modelling.

3.4 Composition of cows (male & female), heifer births, infrastructure

3.4. (a) Herd Composition as per the survey done in April 2016.

Type Cows BuffalosAverage Herd Size 6 4

Average Calf(ves) 19% 17%Average Bull(s) 8% 3%Average Heifer Calf(ves) 18% 17%

Average Heifer(s) 14% 16%Average Milking 27% 30%Average Dry 15% 18%

The herd composition based on gender and age is as follows

Type Cows Buffalos

Male 26% 20%

Female 74% 80%

Type Cows Buffalos

Adult 64% 67%

Small 36% 33%

3.3 WLEW current income + (via regression) income in 5 years’ time We estimate that AITs income would be on average about 3,362 PKR. per month in the next 5 years’ time, with confidence level of 95% ranging from PKR. 1,895 to PKR 4,826 per month. The estimation has

12,012

23,581

18,360

28,802

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5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

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NJu

l-Sep

OCT

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2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

AIT

inco

me

(PKR

. PM

)

Point forecast of AIT income using ARIMA modelling

Actual

Point Forecast

Lo80

Hi80

Lo95

Hi95

1,648

3,362

1,898

4,826

-

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000O

CT-D

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N-M

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NJU

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CT-D

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NJU

L-SE

PO

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2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Ave

rage

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(PKR

. PM

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Point forecast of WLEWs income using ARIMA modelling

Actual

PointForecastLo80

Lo80

Lo95

Hi95

As

60%

40%

Breed Composition

Cows Buffalos

19%

8%

18%14%

27%

15%17%

3%

17% 16%

30%

18%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

AverageCalf(ves)

AverageBull(s)

AverageHeifer

Calf(ves)

AverageHeifer(s)

AverageMilking

AverageDry

Herd Composition

Cows

Buffalos

50070090011001300150017001900210023002500

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

Jul-S

ep

OCT

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R

APR

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N

JUL-

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JAN

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R

APR

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JUL-

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OCT

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JAN

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R

APR

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N

JUL-

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OCT

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2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

AIT

s tr

aine

d

Hei

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n

Estimated heifer born - Quarter wise

Working AITs Heifer Born Linear (Heifer Born)

As

60%

40%

Breed Composition

Cows Buffalos

19%

8%

18%14%

27%

15%17%

3%

17% 16%

30%

18%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

AverageCalf(ves)

AverageBull(s)

AverageHeifer

Calf(ves)

AverageHeifer(s)

AverageMilking

AverageDry

Herd Composition

Cows

Buffalos

50070090011001300150017001900210023002500

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

Jul-S

ep

OCT

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JAN

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R

APR

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N

JUL-

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OCT

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JAN

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R

APR

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N

JUL-

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OCT

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R

APR

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N

JUL-

SEP

OCT

-DEC

JAN

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R

APR

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N

Jul-S

ep

OCT

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2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

AIT

s tr

aine

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Hei

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45


3.4.b Estimated Heifer born

Performance evaluation data collection was initiated after July 2012. Hence the estimation of heifers born has been made from July 2012 till March 2016.It is estimated that a total of 633,671 heifers have been given birth with the services of Project trained AITs from July 2012 till March 2016.

5.0 Project Financial Summary

i. Agreement No.: 391-A-00-11-01206-00

ii. Date of Authorization: January 28th, 2011

iii. Date of Commencement of Project: July 15th, 2011 (Under Modification No. 2 to the Agreement)

iv. Total USAID Contribution: US $ 21,018,293/-

v. Total project funds expended till February 10, 2017: US $ 21,007,541/-

vi. Nestle in kind support : US $ 5,100,000/-

6.0 Report Development Methodology

For the purpose of this exercise, a completely qualitative technique was adopted which constituted the main investigative themes as follows:

• Secondary research including desk review of project documents providing program description as given in the Cooperative Agreement, Annual Implementation Plans, and Annual Progress Reports etc.

• In addition, a series of consultative meetings were held with the senior staff at Dairy Project to understand the context of the project. The consultant interacted with the stakeholders including, but not limited to, Dairy Project’s staff and some of the implementing partner focal persons who partnered and provided cooperation to the project activities over the life of the project.

• Primary data collection exercise that was employed in the field to investigate and derive feedback from direct project beneficiaries, mainly using focus group discussions.

Sampling: A mix of convenience and stratified sampling was thus used to take out samples of various categories of beneficiaries. Hence, feedback from three types of field beneficiaries i.e. Farmers, WLEWs and AITs from Vehari and surrounding areas could only be reached during field visits. The geographical area and the selection of beneficiaries interviewed, both were provided by the project staff at the head office in Lahore. It was however ensured that representatives from all categories of beneficiaries are touched base with in order to record their feedback and get a clearer picture of the project outcome at each level. Farmers were categorized based on their training days, i.e. 2 and 4 day farmers were interviewed. Sample for WLEWs and AITs contained both working and non-working categories. This was done to get a better understanding about underlying issues that the non-working category faced and made them quit, while the working category continued to take part in the project.

As

60%

40%

Breed Composition

Cows Buffalos

19%

8%

18%14%

27%

15%17%

3%

17% 16%

30%

18%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

AverageCalf(ves)

AverageBull(s)

AverageHeifer

Calf(ves)

AverageHeifer(s)

AverageMilking

AverageDry

Herd Composition

Cows

Buffalos

50070090011001300150017001900210023002500

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

Jul-S

ep

OCT

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JAN

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R

APR

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N

JUL-

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2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

AIT

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46


Tools employed: Since it was mainly a subjective/qualitative exercise, a thematic list of questions was formulated designed to highlight major investigative aspects of the exercise based on the understanding gained by interviewing project staff and undertaking desk reviews. Three separate lists of questions was designed for the three type of beneficiaries and another list of interrogative queries was designed for senior staff. These interrogative themes were shared with the project staff to enrich their content to ensure that no major area is being overlooked.

Limitations: It is important to note that this closeout report was initiated in the last month of the project lifespan, so there were time and logistical constraints owing to which, beneficiaries from only one location could be investigated.

Most of the staff at the Vehari office had either left the project or was extremely busy in closeout activities resulting in lesser coverage and access to the identified beneficiaries. However, given the short time frame and busy schedules, the team did their best effort to provide support and outreach to targeted beneficiaries.

7.0 Way Forward & Sustainability Measures

From the very outset, the day when the Dairy project was incepted, its objective was to inculcate sustainable best farm practices to all its intended beneficiaries aimed at increasing dairy and livestock productivity. In addition to this, it strived to commit to the USAID’s strategic objective of creating job opportunities and increasing incomes. It is extremely encouraging to note that after five years, the project has been able to achieve all its intended targets and objectives. Needless to say, a lot still needs to be done for the dairy sector of Pakistan.

Most of the project’s interventions have been able to create a significant impact on the lives of selected beneficiaries, which trickled down to the overall rural farming community. This was achieved through facilitating practices resulting in improved breeds and milk yield, increased incomes and job opportunities for the rural youth including women. Some of the measures already initiated by the project are as follows. That can be considered as steps towards achieving sustainability, if continued by DRDF.

The Dairy Project worked through active liaison with the Livestock Department of the Punjab, and even revised its own targets for AIT training to comply with the Department’s Breeding Act. The project then made concerted efforts to register all it’s beneficiary AITs with the L&DD to ensure compliance, as well as their recognition as department-affiliated AITs. However, during field interviews with AITs, it was mentioned that the registration process with the Livestock department was not readily facilitated. One of the reasons put forward was the possible citing of the project assisted AITs as a competition to the L&DD’s own extension workers. The Dairy Project continued to support these AITs in getting registered by engaging Livestock department officials in a constructive dialogue. As a result it was reported that the resistance has significantly been reduced after the officials of Livestock Department were convinced of the merits of facilitation by these AITs to the rural communities and the expected benefits that could accrue from working collectively. To ensure project-trained AITs’ active presence in future, the project ensured that these AITs have continuous and sustainable support from the local district livestock offices beyond the project life. DRDF, the parent organization, has also increased its operations and introduced new cattle semen supply routes to help the AITs develop links to quality semen supply. It is also providing subsidized imported semen to AITs so they can develop strong links with the local farmers in their respective areas.

DRDF also needs to take the lead on a key recommendation from the Donor conferences conducted by the project. DRDF needs to focus on compiling a comprehensive Herd Book—an official record of pedigrees of recognized local livestock breeds—since it is imperative that to better understand herd structures and herd composition. In additional to pedigree, information about size, body conformation and performance should be included in the book. A herd book would help increase the milk yield per animal by allowing the farmer/breeder to carefully select and raise the optimal progeny, thereby implementing the best dairy practices based on the pedigree of the cow/buffalo. Such an initiative would not only increase the milk yield, but would also counteract the import of cattle in Pakistan.

DRDF has also started a silage supply campaign with farmers, and as this spreads, especially using the existing network of WLEWs and the upgraded farms, there is potential for this to become a self-sustaining business unit. The project has handed over its silage making machines to DRDF, which will sustain Dairy Project’s support to the local farmers in making silage during fodder shortage season. The project has distributed android-based tablets to 118 upgraded farms owners. These tablets are loaded with data sheets through which the farmers can do self-business analysis and run feasibilities, as well as video-based training modules and complete Farmer Dairy Guide training curriculum. This will comprise the knowledge bank, supporting this upgraded farmer to become a conduit of knowledge sharing and imparting learning for his community. The 118 farms should form the basis for DRDF’s continued association, as well as expansion on the Dairy Project’s objective. The project has also linked these farms with the input supply companies for procurement of silage and milking machines for maintenance and spare parts requirements.

As a supplemental activity, the Dairy Project has shared complete list of project-trained WLEWs with the Livestock

47


Secretary of Punjab. This step would make the services of these WLEWs available to the L&DD department during mass vaccination campaigns led by L&DD Punjab. The potential to earn more money through this networking effort alone will ensure sustainability of work that the WLEWs will continue to get due to increased exposure and outreach. At the same time the project has assisted these WLEWs in strengthening their contacts by introducing them to the other stakeholders (including upgraded farmers and input suppliers) in their community who will avail their services at their doorstep. Further, to bring the trained WLEWs together and work as a union, the project developed small clusters. These clusters comprise of few villages located in close vicinity of each other, where these WLEWs have been trained. Each cluster has a designated cluster head who collects orders of input supplies for the cluster members and distributes among them for onward supply. These trained WLEWs have also been introduced to the upgraded farm owners so that they can facilitate them with timely vaccination, and basic animal healthcare and management extension services.

The project has taken special steps to link beneficiaries from all components with NGOs and stakeholders working in the region such as PLAN Pakistan and different feedlot groups like Oasis. Various trainings were also arranged through AusAID’s Market Development Facility (MDF) Project and USAID Agriculture Market Development (AMD) Project for sustainable links.

For the project trained dairy farmers, links were created with DRDF to ensure steady supply of quality semen and for any other technical assistance required. The project has also established their links with the processing companies such as Nestle Pakistan. Ltd. and Engro Foods Ltd., which will ensure strong backward and forward linkages of these farmers with the dairy industry stakeholders. The project has also linked these farms with the input supply companies for procurement of silage and milking machines for maintenance and spare parts requirements.

8.0 Project Implementation Challenges

There are still some post project challenges that need to be addressed to ensure that the project benefits continue to accrue to its target beneficiaries.

Firstly, it will have to be ensured that the upgraded farms should continue to facilitate the small farmers in all ways possible. The whole idea of upgraded farms acting as “facilitative hubs” can only materialize if, after the cessation of formal project activities, their doors remain open to all those who need support and facilitation.

Secondly, DRDF as an implementer, will have to take ownership and ensure that there should be some mechanism in place to keep in regular contact with the project beneficiaries in order to remain cognizant of their facilitative needs even when the project support is not there. Most of those needs will pertain to negotiation with input suppliers regarding availability and cost of inputs. The diligent networking efforts with input suppliers and support organizations both in public and private sector developed during the project should continue to be in place afterwards as well.

Thirdly, some form of mass communication activity or contact with the farming communities should be maintained, to ensure that the knowledge continues to flow through communities at a mass level. Rural communities tend to fall back to old ways of doing business if constant reinforcement is not provided to them. This is more relevant to gender inclusive activities, since social and cultural barriers still impede their effective operation in these remote areas. It is also important to realize that changing gender-biased attitudes of society requires more time and resources. While the project has been able to make a noteworthy impact by bringing a fair number of women in their folds, a number of them still face operational issues and negative perception from the society regarding their involvement in the project’s activities. Mass communication campaigns go a long way in creating the gradual shiftin mindsets by creating awareness in communities. The efforts of the project therefore need to be leveraged so that the results achieved, and the are momentum gained during project life is not wasted.

48


SUCCESS STORIES

49


8.1 Success Story

Success Story -1

Visit Date: 18th Nov 2016

Name: Muhammad Haji

Education: Matric

Marital Status: Married

One Month AIT Training in 2013 (Year 3 – Batch 23)

In 2013-14; 31 Year Old Muhammad Haji was working as a farmer on leased land. His earning was insufficient for his dependents (wife, 2 daughters and 1 son). His wife (Mrs. Nabila) had been motivated by the Dairy Project team and received WLEW training in 2013. Muhammad Haji provided moral support to his wife, and was in fact Inspired by her, and the supplemental income she was making. Thus, he decided to avail the AI training opportunity advertised by the project.

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Dairy and Rural Development Foundation (DRDF) through Dairy Project trained him in Artificial Insemination Technicians’ One Month Training Course. Through the training he learnt a new skill of insemination through practical exercises such as safe handling and maintenance of insemination guns, liquid nitrogen cylinders as well as hands-on experience of learning on actual animal parts and practicing on live animals.

He passed the examination and obtaining certification from UVAS supported by the Dairy Project. This helped him become self-employed and he started his business that was a huge confidence booster for him. He now earns an average monthly profit of Rs. 20 to 25K in which he covers 8-10 villages (He attributes this to the excellent course training from DRDF, as a result of which he is able to give his clients excellent results specially in administration of semen).

Additionally his wife also earns up to RS 2000, and they even visit clients together. Combined earnings from both the husband and wife have enabled them to purchase a new motorbike for their family. Prior to this their family had seen some very tough times as they did not have any extra income to even think of sending their children to school. Now they have enrolled all

three of them in the local school, and the parents proudly pick and drop them on their new motorbike. The enhanced self-respect and social status due to improved financial position is the most important human element that they have derived after participation in this project as is clear from the quote of Mrs. Haji.

In the future Mr. & Mrs. Haji plan to cover more territory and increase their clientele and their outreach to a greater number of farmers.

“Her working as a WLEWs inspire me to work in the same way with the same people”. M. Haji

Ever since I took the USAID-DRDF training our fortunes have changed. Now we have sufficient food, transportation and shel-ter. Also the doors are open for my children to work under this area”.Most important gain of all is the enhanced self-respect and social acceptability that we have achieved as a result of participation in this program. - Mrs. Nabila

50


8.2 Success Story

Visit Date: 18th November 2016

Name: MUSARAT PERVEEN

WLEWs – Working

Location: Basti Juma Wala Multan,

04-Years association with DRDF

Education: Middle Pass

Family: Three Daughters and Two Sons

Marital Status: Widowed

After the sudden death of Musarat Parveen’s Husband, she was a single mother of three daughters and two sons and only a middle pass woman. Having lived in the small village of Basti Juma Wala, Multan, 35 year-old Musarat Parveen had single handedly brought up her family and battled financial difficulties that came her way in the absence of a male supporter. in 2014 some family sources and project’s social mobilization team introduced her to the Proj-ect’s WLEW program and its associated benefits. She enrolled herself for training from DRDF in the course of Wom-an Livestock Extension Worker (WLEW). Due to her interest and having 2 animals at home, as well as a lot of devo-tion and concentration she was able to extract the most out of her training. She slowly started her practice from her neighbours, and now the whole village looks up to her for the care of their animals.

After consecutive two year hardworking she now maintains a small office in her house and has started selling med-icines and Vanda to the dairy farmers in her area, as well as visiting different homes in her village to cater for their vaccination, treatment and deworming needs.

Now she is getting 7 to 8K saving per month from which she is fulfilling the entire needs of her house including clothes and children’s school fees.

She is very grateful to the USAID Dairy Project for empowering her and giving her a steady source of income. Now she is more confident in facing her family members, and other society members as she has improved her social and financial status resulting in high self-esteem and self-respect.

“I never stopped believing in myself even during my hardship. After receiv-ing this training I was excited to start my own business with the newly ac-quired skills. The possibility of independence in earning for my family was a huge incentive for me to work as a WLEW – Mrs. Musarat Parveen.

Musrat Parveen at her home based office

51


8.3 Success Story


Name: KIRAN SHAHEEN

Age: 22 Year

Marital status: Unmarried


11 Family Member

Father is a Farmer

Kiran Shaheen is part of an 11 member family. Her father is a farmer. Before her training from DRDF, her father’s income was not sufficient for their survival, some sources and project’s social mobilization team informed her about this training and potential benefits. She got excited and the incentive to earn and contribute to her family’s income pool brought her to the course of Woman Livestock Extension Worker (WLEW) in the early part of year 2016. Her interest developed as the course proceeded. They had animals of their own and used to listen to her mom who was considered an animal expert in the vicinity. Backed with her new training and her background she started getting recognition in accurate diagnosis of the animals.

At such a young age, she has earned a lot of respect in her community and despite male counterparts also active in her region, she is still called for her services. Having lived in a small village, she is able to attract a substantial clientele and is now contributing some portion on monthly basis around PKR 3-4K, which is helped in reducing the financial difficulties of her family.

She is very grateful to the USAID Dairy Project for empowering her and showing her the way to earn a steady source of income. She is new but continuously contributing in this sector and in this regard she has now arranged one room in her house to run this activity and expand it further. She has even decided to put in a banner as marketing tool. She is using the mosque as a means of communication for her marketing campaign. She is one of those interviewed beneficiaries who are properly maintaining records of her medicine and Vanda sales. She is huge plans for this expansion is extremely happy and excited for its success.

The trickle-down effect of her efforts has resulted in her younger brother joining her in her efforts who helps her in increasing her outreach to far off clients, so she can travel easily. The role of her family has been extremely supportive and they are extremely satisfied with her working and her contribution to the family in the shape of financial aspects.

Kiran Shaheen oozes confidence while talking at a USAID event

52


8.4 Success Story


Name: SURRAYA BIBI

Upgraded Farmer

Location: vehari,



Family: Two Daughters and Two Sons

Marital Status: Married

Dairy farming entrepreneurship can be a daunting initiative for most. For Surraya Bibi from Tehsil Kamalia, Toba Tek Singh, growing her dairy farming business deemed impossible until he took part in the USAID-DRDF Dairy Project’s training and farm upgradation program.

U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), and Dairy and Rural Development Foundation (DRDF), through their Dairy Project, provided trainings and support kits to dairy farmers, as well as cost-share support in upgrading the physical infrastructure of their dairy farms according to international standards, to foster sustainable increase in dairy and livestock productivity through adoption of best dairy farming practices. “Prior to enrollment in the USAID-funded Dairy Project’s training program, my dairy business earnings were very low,” recalls Surraya Bibi. “My perspective towards the animals and their care was very nonchalant and substandard, now that I look back,” she says. Surraya Bibi would usually keep her animals tied up. Instead of allowing free access to water, they would be given water only twice a day. In terms of health and hygiene, no vaccination was given to the animals. “I did not know that my animals had to be dewormed and I had never heard of teat dipping,” explains the now-enlightened farmer. Surraya Bibi was not aware of the benefits of deworming, which protects dairy animals against intestinal parasites. “I didn’t know that teat dipping is vital for mastitis control in my animals,” she says. Due to insignificant milk production, Surraya Bibi did not practice any record-keeping, and did not have a proper shelter for her animals.

With her involvement in the USAID-DRDF Dairy Project trainings as well as farm infrastructure upgradation, Surraya Bibi’s farming techniques have improved drastically. “I realized the importance of having a properly covered and ventilated shed, as well as animal feeding techniques. With assistance from the Dairy Project’s follow up teams; and learning to use the 3-1-7 strategy, she was able to reduce her costs and increase productivity. She also learnt about proper animal nutrition and says; “I was able to cultivate maize for silage from my own resources.” By making silage, Surraya Bibi will be able to bridge the gap for green fodder shortage period, thereby, she will be able to keep her animals well-fed and daily milk output will remain high. After adopting these best farming practices, Surraya Bibi’s dairy milk production has increased by two liters per day, which is an increase of Rs 7000 monthly income from the lactating animals. Surraya Bibi has gone from a farmer, who was barely able to make ends meet, to one with a secure future made possible with assistance and guidance from USAID and DRDF.

Surraya Bibi managing her newly upgraded dairy farm

“I now earn more through my dairy farm, than does my husband through his agriculture farm”

53


8.5 Success Story


Name: Javed Iqbal

Upgraded Farmer

Location: 73/10R, Jungle Burali Tehsil and District Vehari


Existence as an agricultural man is a tough trade to fulfill your necessities in life. “Thank you USAID for giving me the opportunity to upgrade my dairy farm,” says Javed Iqbal an upgraded farm owner of a village Jungle Burali Tehsil and District Vehari.

Javed came across a newspaper advertisement about USAID’s work in dairy and livestock sector and later took remaining details from Dairy Project’s representative who was supervising an under construction farm in 18/WB (Farmer, Ghulam Abbas) District Vehari. Before the upgradation of farm, Javed mostly invested his time and money in agriculture and cash crop and part-time work with the conventional dairy farm. He was earning about 30,000/- PKR and minimal amount from the farm.

“Prior to enrollment in the USAID-funded Dairy Project’s upgraded farm program, my dairy business earnings were very low. My perspective towards the animals and their care was very nonchalant and substandard, now that I look back,” he says. Javed Iqbal would usually keep his animals in a traditional way, and take dairy farming as a part time and not giving much time. Due to this he never found it as a profitable business.

Community acknowledges the dairy shed construction because of modern approach for cow comfort. Community takes my farm as a role model for guidance regarding cow comfort. One farm has been constructed in my area following the example of my farm construction and shed map. The project provides an opportunity to upgrade farms, trainings and support kits to dairy farmers to foster sustainable increase in dairy and livestock productivity through adoption of best dairy farming practices. As of October 2016, the project has upgraded 118 dairy local farms in the areas of South Punjab.

“I provide technical services like, shed construction, vaccination and deworming schedule, breed improvement, biosecurity measures etc. by their implementation on my own farm,”says Javed.

Being an owner of the upgraded farm, I now earn a profit PKR 150,000/month and my animal’s milk yield has gone up to 40 liters per day. Javed Iqbal has departed from an agriculture man to dairy businessman, who was barely able to make ends meet, to one with a secure future made possible with assistance and guidance from USAID and DRDF.

In the future, he plans to further increase his animal herd and targets to produce 250 liters of milk, up to one year. He aims to have a proper yearly fodder plan through the silage making technique introduced by the project.

“I provide technical services like, shed construction, vaccination and deworming schedule, breed improvement, biosecurity measures etc. by their implementation on my own farm. One farm in my area replicated my farm as a model upgraded farm. Thank you USAID for giving me this opportunity and developing my community!”

54


ANNEX

55

USAID-DRDF Dairy ProjectPr

ojec

t A

chie

vem

ent

agai

nst

Mis

sion

Str

ateg

ic F

ram

ewor

k In

dica

tors

Perf

orm

ance

Mon

itor

ing

Plan

for

Dai

ry P

roje

ct (

2011

-201

7)

Stra

tegi

c ob

ject

ives

In

dica

tor

Targ

ets

Dat

a so

urce

s R

esul

ts

1.

Impr

oved

eco

nom

ic s

tatu

s in

fo

cus

popu

lati

ons

1.1S

usta

ined

live

lihoo

d op

port

uniti

es in

focu

s po

pula

tion

IR: L

ivel

ihoo

d op

port

uniti

es in

crea

sed

in

inte

rven

tion

area

O

utpu

t: D

irec

t em

ploy

men

t op

port

uniti

es fo

r un

empl

oyed

men

an

d w

omen

1.1.

a: N

umbe

r of

A

ITs

and

WLE

Ws

trai

ned

and

rece

ived

su

ppor

t kit

1.1.

b: N

umbe

r of

fa

rm m

anag

ers

trai

ned

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

000

W

LEW

s 5,

000

F

arm

Man

ager

s 30

0 20

14-1

5:A

ITs

600

W

LEW

s 49

0

Far

m M

anag

ers

75

2015

-16:

AIT

s 40

0

W

LEW

s 51

0

Fa

rm M

anag

ers

25

Trai

ning

R

ecor

d/ K

it re

ceiv

ing

Form

/ Ex

am r

esul

ts

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

032

W

LEW

s 5,

014

Farm

Man

ager

s 41

8 20

14-1

5:A

ITs

136*

WLE

Ws

542

F

arm

Man

ager

s 74

20

15-1

6:A

ITs

321*

W

LEW

s 47

8

Fa

rm M

anag

ers

26

1.2

Rur

al e

nter

pris

e de

velo

pmen

t IR

: Rur

al e

nter

pris

e de

velo

pmen

t in

dair

y se

ctor

incr

ease

O

utpu

t: W

LEW

s an

d A

ITs

supp

orte

d to

es

tabl

ish

thei

r bu

sine

ss

1.2:

Num

ber

of A

ITs

and

WLE

Ws

trai

ned

and

rece

ived

sup

port

ki

t

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

000

W

LEW

s 5,

000

2014

-15:

AIT

s 60

0

WLE

Ws

490

2015

-16:

AIT

s 40

0

WLE

Ws

510

Trai

ning

R

ecor

d/ K

it re

ceiv

ing

Form

/ Ex

am r

esul

ts

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

032

W

LEW

s 5,

014

2014

-15:

AIT

s 13

6*

W

LEW

s 54

2 20

15-1

6:A

ITs

321*

W

LEW

s 47

8

1.3

Skill

dev

elop

men

t of

unem

ploy

ed y

outh

IR

: Rur

al y

outh

with

ar

tific

ial i

nsem

inat

ion

and

basi

c an

imal

hea

lth

trea

tmen

t ski

lls in

crea

sed

Out

put:

Une

mpl

oyed

m

ale

rura

l you

th w

as

prov

ided

with

ar

tific

ial

inse

min

atio

n sk

ill

1.3.

a: N

umbe

r of

W

LEW

s tr

aine

d in

an

imal

bas

ic h

ealth

an

d nu

triti

on

1.3.

b: N

umbe

r of

A

ITs

trai

ned

in

artif

icia

l in

sem

inat

ion

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

000

W

LEW

s 5,

000

2014

-15:

AIT

s 60

0

WLE

Ws

490

2015

-16:

AIT

s 40

0

WLE

Ws

510

Trai

ning

R

ecor

d/ K

it re

ceiv

ing

Form

/ Ex

am r

esul

ts

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

032

W

LEW

s 5,

014

2014

-15:

AIT

s 13

6*

W

LEW

s 54

2 20

15-1

6:A

ITs

321*

W

LEW

s 47

8

ANNEX.1: Project Achievement against Mission Strategic Framework Indicators

Performance Monitoring Plan for Dairy Project (2011-2017)

56


St

rate

gic

obje

ctiv

es

Indi

cato

r Ta

rget

s D

ata

sour

ces

Res

ults

O

utpu

t: U

nem

ploy

ed

fem

ale

rura

l you

th

was

pro

vide

d w

ith

basi

c an

imal

hea

lth

trea

tmen

t 1.

4 Em

ploy

men

t cre

atio

n fo

r ru

ral y

outh

IR

: Sel

f-em

ploy

men

t op

port

uniti

es fo

r ru

ral

yout

h in

crea

sed

Out

put:

AIT

s an

d W

LEW

s es

tabl

ishe

d as

sel

f-em

ploy

ed

1.4.

a: N

umbe

r of

W

LEW

s tr

aine

d in

an

imal

bas

ic h

ealth

an

d nu

triti

on

1.4.

b:N

umbe

r of

A

ITs

trai

ned

in

artif

icia

l in

sem

inat

ion

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

000

W

LEW

s 5,

000

2014

-15:

AIT

s 60

0

WLE

Ws

490

2015

-16:

AIT

s 40

0

WLE

Ws

510

Trai

ning

R

ecor

d/ K

it re

ceiv

ing

Form

/ Ex

am r

esul

ts

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

032

W

LEW

s 5,

014

2014

-15:

AIT

s 13

6*

W

LEW

s 54

2 20

15-1

6:A

ITs

321*

W

LEW

s 47

8

1.5

Inco

me

oppo

rtun

ities

for

dair

y fa

rmer

s IR

: Inc

reas

ed in

com

e op

port

uniti

es fo

r da

iry

farm

ers

and

asso

ciat

ed

dair

y se

rvic

e pr

ovid

ers

Out

put:

Incr

ease

d in

ho

useh

old

inco

me

of

farm

ers

rela

ted

to

dair

y ac

tiviti

es

Out

put:

Inco

me

gene

ratio

n fo

r da

iry

serv

ice

prov

ider

1.5

a: P

erce

ntag

e in

crea

se in

ho

useh

old

inco

me

of

farm

ers

from

dai

ry

activ

ities

rel

ativ

e to

ba

selin

e

1.5

b: A

vera

ge

mon

thly

inco

me

of

AIT

s

1.5

c: A

vera

ge

mon

thly

inco

me

of

WLE

Ws

2011

-14:

10%

incr

ease

20

14-1

6: 1

0% in

crea

se

2011

-14:

PK

R 3

,000

20

14-1

6: P

KR

3,0

00

2011

-14:

PK

R 3

,000

20

14-1

6: P

KR

2,0

00

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey a

nd

Thir

d pa

rty

base

-lin

e

2011

-14:

17%

incr

ease

20

14-1

6: 1

7% in

crea

se

2011

-14:

PK

R 6

,504

20

14-1

6: P

KR

12,

012

2011

-14:

PK

R 9

66

2014

-16:

PK

R 1

,648

2.

Live

stoc

k pr

oduc

tivi

ty im

prov

ed

2.1

Incr

ease

d av

aila

bilit

y of

in

sem

inat

ion

and

exte

nsio

n se

rvic

es IR

: Far

mer

s’ a

cces

s to

se

rvic

es o

f sel

f-em

ploy

ed

lives

tock

ext

ensi

on

wor

kers

incr

ease

d

2.1.

a: N

umbe

r of

W

LEW

s tr

aine

d in

an

imal

bas

ic h

ealth

an

d nu

triti

on

2.1.

b:N

umbe

r of

A

ITs

trai

ned

in

artif

icia

l in

sem

inat

ion

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

000

W

LEW

s 5,

000

2014

-15:

AIT

s 60

0

WLE

Ws

490

2015

-16:

AIT

s 40

0

WLE

Ws

510

Trai

ning

R

ecor

d/ K

it re

ceiv

ing

Form

/ Ex

am r

esul

ts

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey

2011

-14:

AIT

s 2,

032

W

LEW

s 5,

014

2014

-15:

AIT

s 13

6*

W

LEW

s 54

2 20

15-1

6:A

ITs

321*

W

LEW

s 47

8 38

% fo

r W

LEW

s an

d 79

% fo

r A

ITs

57


St

rate

gic

obje

ctiv

es

Indi

cato

r Ta

rget

s D

ata

sour

ces

Res

ults

O

utpu

t: W

LEW

s tr

aine

d as

ext

ensi

on

serv

ices

pro

vide

r O

utpu

t: A

rtifi

cial

In

sem

inat

ion

Tech

nici

ans

(AIT

s)

trai

ned

2.1.

c A

ITs

and

WLE

Ws

rem

ain

activ

e

2.1.

d: N

umbe

r of

vi

llage

s se

rved

by

WLE

Ws

2.1.

e: N

umbe

r of

vi

llage

s se

rved

by

AIT

s

At l

east

60%

for

WLE

Ws

and

80%

for

AIT

s

On

aver

age

one

villa

ge

per

WLE

W

On

aver

age

4 vi

llage

s pe

r A

IT

On

aver

age

2 vi

llage

pe

r W

LEW

On

aver

age

9 vi

llage

s pe

r A

IT

2.2

Incr

ease

d us

e of

live

stoc

k ex

tens

ion

serv

ices

IR

: Use

of l

ives

tock

hea

lth

serv

ices

thro

ugh

proj

ect

trai

ned

WLE

Ws

or a

ce

rtifi

ed p

ract

ition

er

incr

ease

d O

utpu

t: N

umbe

r of

fa

rmer

s us

ing

serv

ices

of

WLE

Ws

or o

ther

cer

tifie

d pr

actit

ione

rs

2.2.

a: N

umbe

r of

ca

ses

done

by

trai

ned

WLE

W

2.2.

b: P

erce

ntag

e of

pr

ojec

t tra

ined

fa

rmer

s ac

cess

to

exte

nsio

n se

rvic

es

prov

ided

by

proj

ect

trai

ned

WLE

Ws

2.2.

c: N

umbe

r of

vi

llage

s se

rved

by

WLE

Ws

2.2.

d: P

erce

ntag

e of

fa

rmer

s ge

tting

va

ccin

atio

n do

ne, f

or

FMD

and

HS,

for

thei

r da

iry

anim

als.

On

aver

age

30 c

ases

pe

r m

onth

per

WLE

W

20%

of p

roje

ct tr

aine

d fa

rmer

s us

ing

WLE

Ws

On

aver

age

one

villa

ge

serv

ed p

er W

LEW

At l

east

40%

of t

rain

ed

farm

ers

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey a

nd

Thir

d Pa

rty

Surv

ey

On

aver

age

30 c

ases

pe

r m

onth

per

WLE

W

32%

of p

roje

ct tr

aine

d fa

rmer

s us

ing

WLE

Ws

On

aver

age

2 vi

llage

se

rved

per

WLE

W

At l

east

97%

of t

rain

ed

farm

ers

2.3

Incr

ease

d us

e of

tech

nolo

gy

and

man

agem

ent p

ract

ice

IR: D

airy

farm

m

anag

emen

t pra

ctic

es

impr

oved

O

utpu

t: Fa

rmer

s tr

aine

d in

bas

ic fa

rm

man

agem

ent s

kills

2.3.

a: N

umbe

r of

fa

rmer

s tr

aine

d in

ba

sic

farm

m

anag

emen

t ski

ll

2.3.

b: P

erce

ntag

e of

fa

rmer

s ad

optin

g th

ree

or m

ore

leve

l 1

2011

-201

4: 9

,100

20

14-1

5:22

,275

20

15-1

6: 1

7,72

5

60%

of t

he fa

rmer

s

Trai

ning

R

ecor

d/ K

it re

ceiv

ing

Form

/ Ex

am r

esul

ts

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey

2011

-201

4: 9

,285

20

14-1

5:21

,726

20

15-1

6: 1

8,41

9

67%

of t

he fa

rmer

s ad

optin

g m

ore

than

58


St

rate

gic

obje

ctiv

es

Indi

cato

r Ta

rget

s D

ata

sour

ces

Res

ults

O

utpu

t: A

dopt

ion

and

impl

emen

tatio

n of

leve

l 1 b

est d

airy

fa

rm p

ract

ices

Out

put:

Ado

ptio

n of

le

vel 2

bes

t dai

ry

farm

pra

ctic

es

prac

tices

rel

ativ

e to

ba

selin

e

2.3.

c: P

erce

ntag

e of

fa

rmer

s ad

optin

g tw

o or

mor

e le

vel 2

pr

actic

es r

elat

ive

to

base

line

40%

of t

he fa

rmer

s

thre

e be

st d

airy

pr

actic

e on

thei

r fa

rms.

(d

ata

not a

vaila

ble

segr

egat

ed b

y le

vel 1

or

2 b

est p

ract

ices

)

IR: R

ecor

d m

anag

emen

t pr

actic

es im

prov

ed

Out

put:

Farm

m

anag

ers

trai

ned

in

reco

rd

keep

ing/

man

agem

ent

Out

put:

WLE

Ws

and

AIT

s tr

aine

d in

re

cord

man

agem

ent

of s

ervi

ces

prov

ided

.

2.3.

d: P

erce

ntag

e of

fa

rm m

anag

ers

trai

ned

in r

ecor

d ke

epin

g

2.3.

e: P

erce

ntag

e of

W

LEW

s an

d A

ITs

trai

ned

in r

ecor

d m

anag

emen

t

100%

of f

arm

m

anag

ers

trai

ned

100%

of W

LEW

s an

d A

ITs

trai

ned

Trai

ning

R

ecor

d/ K

it re

ceiv

ing

Form

/ Ex

am r

esul

ts

100%

of f

arm

m

anag

ers

trai

ned

100%

of W

LEW

s an

d A

ITs

trai

ned

2.4

Dai

ry c

attle

bre

eds

impr

oved

IR

: Use

of q

ualit

y in

sem

inat

ion

and

rela

ted

serv

ices

thro

ugh

proj

ect

trai

ned

AIT

s in

crea

sed

Out

put:

Inse

min

atio

n se

rvic

es p

rovi

ded

by

proj

ect t

rain

ed A

ITs

Out

put:

Farm

ers/

villa

ges

serv

ed b

y pr

ojec

t tr

aine

d A

ITs

Out

put:

Qua

lity

of

inse

min

atio

n pr

oced

ures

impr

oved

2.4.

a: N

umbe

r of

in

sem

inat

ion

case

s do

ne b

y pr

ojec

t tr

aine

d A

ITs

2.4.

b: N

umbe

r of

pr

egna

ncy

test

s do

ne

by p

roje

ct tr

aine

d A

ITs

2.4.

c: N

umbe

r of

fa

rmer

s/ v

illag

es

serv

ed b

y pr

ojec

t tr

aine

d A

ITs

2.4.

d: C

once

ptio

n ra

te o

f ser

vice

s pr

ovid

ed b

y pr

ojec

t tr

aine

d A

ITs

On

aver

age

20

inse

min

atio

n pe

r m

onth

per

AIT

On

aver

age

20

preg

nanc

y te

sts

done

by

pro

ject

trai

ned

AIT

s

On

aver

age

4 vi

llage

se

rved

per

AIT

Con

cept

ion

rate

: 60%

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey a

nd

Thir

d Pa

rty

Surv

ey

On

aver

age

45

inse

min

atio

n pe

r m

onth

per

AIT

On

aver

age

35

preg

nanc

y te

sts

done

by

pro

ject

trai

ned

AIT

s

On

aver

age

9 vi

llage

se

rved

per

AIT

Con

cept

ion

rate

: 73%

St

rate

gic

obje

ctiv

es

Indi

cato

r Ta

rget

s D

ata

sour

ces

Res

ults

IR: I

ncre

ase

in u

sage

of

sem

en fr

om c

ertif

ied

supp

liers

O

utpu

t: Pr

ogen

y of

se

xed

sem

en

prov

ided

thro

ugh

proj

ect o

n co

st

shar

ing

base

s

Out

put:

Incr

ease

in

impo

rted

sem

en u

sed

in th

e ta

rget

are

a

2.4.

e: N

umbe

r of

su

bsid

ized

sex

ed

sem

en p

rovi

ded

to

farm

ers

2.4.

f: Pe

rcen

tage

of

impo

rted

sem

en u

sed

Subs

idiz

ed s

exed

se

men

dos

es p

rovi

ded:

2

014-

15: 7

,000

2

015-

16: 3

,000

Impo

rted

sem

en u

sage

: 20

% o

ut o

f the

tota

l

Sem

en

Dis

trib

utio

n D

ata

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey

25,0

00 d

oses

of

impo

rted

sem

en w

ere

dist

ribu

ted.

(not

sex

ed

sem

en)

On

aver

age

13%

of

sem

en a

pplie

d by

AIT

s in

a m

onth

are

im

port

ed s

emen

.

IR: I

ncre

ase

in m

ilk

prod

uctiv

ity

Out

put:

Incr

ease

in

milk

yie

ld o

f dai

ry

anim

al in

the

proj

ect

area

2.4.

g: P

erce

ntag

e in

crea

se in

milk

yie

ld

of d

airy

ani

mal

s of

tr

aine

d fa

rmer

s

2011

-201

4: 1

0%

2014

-15:

10%

20

15-1

6: 1

0%

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey

2011

-201

4: 1

7%

2014

-15:

11%

20

15-1

6: 1

7%

3.

Mar

ket

linka

ges

impr

oved

3.

1 D

evel

opm

ent o

f ser

vice

hub

s an

d st

reng

then

ing

of s

uppl

y ne

twor

k IR: F

orm

atio

n of

clu

ster

s in

crea

sed.

O

utpu

t: N

ew c

lust

ers

form

ed

Out

put:

Inpu

t su

pplie

rs in

trod

uced

to

a c

lust

er

3.1.

a: N

umbe

r of

ne

w c

lust

er fo

rmed

3.1.

b: N

umbe

r of

su

pplie

rs in

trod

uced

to

a c

lust

er

3.1.

c: N

umbe

r of

su

pplie

rs in

trod

uced

to

trai

ned

bene

ficia

ries

100

clus

ters

At l

east

10

supp

liers

in

trod

uced

At l

east

thre

e su

pplie

rs

to e

ach

bene

ficia

ries

A

t lea

st o

ne s

uppl

y po

int

Follo

w-u

p da

ta/

Follo

w-u

p da

ta/S

uppl

y ch

ain

data

144

clus

ters

form

ed

Abo

ut 2

to 3

sup

plie

rs

wer

e in

trod

uced

in

ever

y he

lp c

amp

On

aver

age

1 su

pplie

r to

AIT

s an

d 2

supp

liers

to

WLE

Ws

59


St

rate

gic

obje

ctiv

es

Indi

cato

r Ta

rget

s D

ata

sour

ces

Res

ults

IR: I

ncre

ase

in u

sage

of

sem

en fr

om c

ertif

ied

supp

liers

O

utpu

t: Pr

ogen

y of

se

xed

sem

en

prov

ided

thro

ugh

proj

ect o

n co

st

shar

ing

base

s

Out

put:

Incr

ease

in

impo

rted

sem

en u

sed

in th

e ta

rget

are

a

2.4.

e: N

umbe

r of

su

bsid

ized

sex

ed

sem

en p

rovi

ded

to

farm

ers

2.4.

f: Pe

rcen

tage

of

impo

rted

sem

en u

sed

Subs

idiz

ed s

exed

se

men

dos

es p

rovi

ded:

2

014-

15: 7

,000

2

015-

16: 3

,000

Impo

rted

sem

en u

sage

: 20

% o

ut o

f the

tota

l

Sem

en

Dis

trib

utio

n D

ata

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey

25,0

00 d

oses

of

impo

rted

sem

en w

ere

dist

ribu

ted.

(not

sex

ed

sem

en)

On

aver

age

13%

of

sem

en a

pplie

d by

AIT

s in

a m

onth

are

im

port

ed s

emen

.

IR: I

ncre

ase

in m

ilk

prod

uctiv

ity

Out

put:

Incr

ease

in

milk

yie

ld o

f dai

ry

anim

al in

the

proj

ect

area

2.4.

g: P

erce

ntag

e in

crea

se in

milk

yie

ld

of d

airy

ani

mal

s of

tr

aine

d fa

rmer

s

2011

-201

4: 1

0%

2014

-15:

10%

20

15-1

6: 1

0%

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey

2011

-201

4: 1

7%

2014

-15:

11%

20

15-1

6: 1

7%

3.

Mar

ket

linka

ges

impr

oved

3.

1 D

evel

opm

ent o

f ser

vice

hub

s an

d st

reng

then

ing

of s

uppl

y ne

twor

k IR: F

orm

atio

n of

clu

ster

s in

crea

sed.

O

utpu

t: N

ew c

lust

ers

form

ed

Out

put:

Inpu

t su

pplie

rs in

trod

uced

to

a c

lust

er

3.1.

a: N

umbe

r of

ne

w c

lust

er fo

rmed

3.1.

b: N

umbe

r of

su

pplie

rs in

trod

uced

to

a c

lust

er

3.1.

c: N

umbe

r of

su

pplie

rs in

trod

uced

to

trai

ned

bene

ficia

ries

100

clus

ters

At l

east

10

supp

liers

in

trod

uced

At l

east

thre

e su

pplie

rs

to e

ach

bene

ficia

ries

A

t lea

st o

ne s

uppl

y po

int

Follo

w-u

p da

ta/

Follo

w-u

p da

ta/S

uppl

y ch

ain

data

144

clus

ters

form

ed

Abo

ut 2

to 3

sup

plie

rs

wer

e in

trod

uced

in

ever

y he

lp c

amp

On

aver

age

1 su

pplie

r to

AIT

s an

d 2

supp

liers

to

WLE

Ws

60


St

rate

gic

obje

ctiv

es

Indi

cato

r Ta

rget

s D

ata

sour

ces

Res

ults

O

utpu

t: In

put

supp

liers

intr

oduc

ed

to tr

aine

d be

nefic

iari

es in

fo

llow

-up

mee

tings

3.1.

d: N

umbe

r of

in

put s

uppl

y po

ints

in

a c

lust

er

At l

east

2 s

uppl

y po

ints

in

eac

h cl

uste

r

3.2

Dev

elop

men

t of l

inka

ges

betw

een

inpu

t pro

vide

rs, s

ervi

ce

prov

ider

s an

d fa

rmer

s IR

:WLE

Ws

and

AIT

s ac

cess

to p

riva

te s

ecto

r in

put s

uppl

iers

impr

oved

O

utpu

t: In

put

supp

liers

mee

tings

w

ith p

roje

ct tr

aine

d A

ITs

and

WLE

Ws

faci

litat

ed b

y Pr

ojec

t st

aff

Out

put:

Inpu

t sup

ply

poin

ts in

a c

lust

er

3.2.

a: N

umbe

r of

fo

llow

-up

mee

ting

cond

ucte

d

3.2.

b: N

umbe

r of

A

ITs

and

WLE

Ws

atte

ndin

g th

e fo

llow

-up

mee

ting

250

sche

dule

d m

eetin

gs

At l

east

70%

at

tend

ance

Follo

w-u

p da

ta

Not

ava

ilabl

e A

bout

77%

of W

LEW

s an

d 72

% o

f AIT

s at

tend

ed th

e m

eetin

g.

IR: F

arm

ers’

con

tact

with

se

rvic

e pr

ovid

ers

impr

oved

O

utpu

t: Fa

rmer

s be

nefit

ed fr

om

proj

ect t

rain

ed A

ITs

and

WLE

Ws

3.2.

d: N

umbe

r of

in

ter-

bene

ficia

ries

m

eetin

gs c

ondu

cted

100

mee

tings

Follo

w-u

p da

ta

244

mee

tings

hav

e be

en c

ondu

cted

ove

r th

e lif

e of

the

proj

ect

IR

: Far

mer

s’ a

cces

s to

m

ilk m

arke

ts im

prov

ed

Out

put:

Incr

ease

in m

ilk

sold

to p

roce

ssor

s

Qua

ntity

of m

ilk s

old

to p

roce

ssor

s

Milk

equ

ival

ent t

o PK

R.

200

mill

ion

M &

E

Qua

rter

ly

Surv

ey

Estim

atio

n m

ade

in

Mar

201

6 –

abou

t PK

R.

1,47

6,56

8,16

4 w

orth

of

milk

was

sol

d by

tr

aine

d fa

rmer

s to

the

proc

esso

rs a

nnua

lly.

4.

Sust

aina

ble

deve

lopm

ent

of t

he

smal

l sca

le d

airy

farm

sec

tor

on

mod

ern

lines

4.1.

a: N

umbe

r of

fa

rmer

s re

ache

d th

roug

h m

edia

ca

mpa

ign

2014

-15:

500

,000

fa

rmer

s 20

15-1

6: 5

00,0

00

farm

ers

Med

ia

mon

itori

ng

firm

s re

port

Ver

ifiab

le a

bout

24

0,95

4 fa

rmer

s

61


OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL

AUDIT OF USAID/PAKISTAN’SSMALLHOLDER DAIRY PROJECTAUDIT REPORT NO. G-391-16-002-POCTOBER 29, 2015

ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN

ANNEX.2: USAID-OIG Audit Report 2015

62


Office of Inspector General

October 29, 2015

MEMORANDUM

TO: USAID/Pakistan Mission Director, John Groake

FROM: Office of Inspector General/Pakistan Director, Van Nguyen /s/

SUBJECT: Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Smallholder Dairy Project(Report No. G-391-16-002-P)

This memorandum transmits our final report on the subject audit. In finalizing the audit report, we considered your comments on the draft and included them in their entirety, excluding attachments, in Appendix II.

The audit report contains two recommendations to assist the mission in improving various aspects of the program. After reviewing information provided in response to the draft report, we acknowledge that the mission has taken final action on both recommendations.

Thank you for the cooperation and assistance extended to the audit team during this audit.

Islamabad ,Pakistanhttp://oig.usaid.gov

63


CONTENTSSummary of Results................................................................................................................1

Audit Findings .........................................................................................................................3

Project Improved the Incomes of Dairy Farmers andArtificial Insemination Workers.............................................................................................3

Project Did Not Increase the Average Income of WomenLivestock Extension Workers...............................................................................................4

Evaluation of Management Comments ..................................................................................6

Appendix I—Scope and Methodology....................................................................................7

Appendix II—Management Comments.................................................................................10

64


1

SUMMARY OF RESULTSDomestic dairy farming in Pakistan involves an estimated 35 million people, most living inPunjab Province. The sector has great potential for growth, but outdated, inadequatemanagement practices limit production and income.1

To improve productivity and livelihoods of dairy farmers in rural Punjab, on January 28, 2011,USAID signed a 3-year, $14 million cooperative agreement with the Dairy and RuralDevelopment Foundation (DRDF) to implement the Smallholder Dairy Project. DRDF is a nonprofitorganization based in Lahore that provides information on the agrolivestock sector, training onartificial insemination to increase the production of milk, and training for farmers on best practices.

The project aims to foster a sustainable increase in dairy and livestock productivity through theadoption of best dairy farming practices, breed improvement, availability of timely extensionservices, and promotion of the livestock business. The initial focus was on training threebeneficiary groups and meeting these training goals:

• Dairy farmers. Persuade 9,000 dairy farmers to adopt the best dairy-farm managementtechniques, including breed improvement.

• Artificial insemination workers. Help 2,000 people, most of them unemployed, open businesses as inseminators.

• Women livestock extension workers (WLEWs).2 Help 5,000 women, most of them unemployed,become self-employed educating community members about livestock.

In October 2014, the mission extended the agreement for 2 years and increased funding by$7 million. During Years 4 and 5, the project was working to establish 100 model farms in100 villages in Punjab Province. With these model farms, the project sought to train40,000 dairy farmers, 1,000 artificial insemination workers, and 1,000 WLEWs, and to retrain1,000 WLEWs from the first phase of the project who did not receive advanced husbandry andbusiness development skills training, areas added after the first 3 years. As of December 31,2014, USAID/Pakistan had obligated $20.9 million and disbursed $14.1 million under the project.3

USAID’s Office of Inspector General (OIG) in Pakistan conducted this audit to determine whetherthe Smallholder Dairy Project was improving the skills of dairy farmers, artificial inseminationworkers, and livestock workers to increase incomes.

1 USAID-DRDF Dairy Project Year 1 Annual Implementation Plan, July 15, 2011, to July 14, 2012.2 WLEWs provide dairy farmers with livestock services such as basic animal health management, diagnosis of common diseases, administration of various basic medicines, and animal nutrition.3 These amounts come from the Agency’s financial systems. On November 17, 2014, OIG issued Audit of USAID’s Financial Statements for Fiscal Years 2014 and 2013, Report Number 0-000-15-001-C, disclaiming an opinion because of material unsupported adjustments USAID made to reconcile its general and subsidiary ledgers. We did not perform any additional tests during this audit/review/survey/assessment to verify the accuracy of the reported amounts. In FY 2015 OIG anticipates testing USAID’s adjustments to determine if they were accurate and appropriate. USAID intends to provide explanations and other support to demonstrate the adjustments’ validity.

65


2

The audit found the following:

• The project was improving the incomes of dairy farmers and artificial insemination workers(page 3). As of September 30, 2014, the project had trained 9,285 dairy farmers, 2,032artificial insemination workers, and 5,015 WLEWs, surpassing the targets for eachbeneficiary group. The project increased the monthly incomes of participating dairy farmersby 18 percent and incomes of artificial insemination workers by 227 percent.

• The project did not increase the average income of WLEWs (page 4). Most of the womentrained earned only 1,144 rupees (or approximately $11) per month, short of the expected3,000 rupees (approximately $30) per month. The implementer and the women themselvesattributed the shortfall to social and cultural barriers, and exploitation by farmers whosometimes refuse to pay them for services.

To address the disappointing results for WLEWs, we recommend that USAID/Pakistan:

1. Integrate gender sensitivity into project training to reduce cultural barriers limiting women’s economic opportunities in dairy farming and other sectors (page 5).

2. Work with the implementer to extend the period of follow-up support to women extension workers (page 5).

Detailed findings follow. The audit’s scope and methodology appear in Appendix I. Management comments are included in Appendix II, and our evaluation of them is on page 6.

66


3

AUDIT FINDINGSProject Improved the Incomes ofDairy Farmers and ArtificialInsemination Workers

According to the agreement, the project’s goal was to train 9,000 dairy farmers and2,000 artificial insemination workers. For dairy farmers, training on best farm managementtechniques would provide them with the tools to increase household income. Newly trainedartificial insemination workers, whose selection was partially based on being unemployed,would be able to establish themselves as entrepreneurs. As for earnings, the project’s goalwas to increase the income of dairy farmers by 10 percent, and achieve a target income of3,000 Pakistani rupees (approximately $30) per month for artificial insemination workers.Results appear below.

Project’s Performance on Training and Income Goals (unaudited)

GroupTrainingTarget Result % of

TargetIncomeTarget Result

% ofTarget

Farmers 9,000 9,285 103Increaseby 10%

Increasedby 18% 180

ArtificialInseminationWorkers

2,000 2,032 102 $30per month

$68per month 227

Femaleextensionworkers

5,000 5,015 100 $30per month

$11per month 37

Dairy farmers increased their income by adopting at least three of the following practices taught under the project. They included:

• Providing 24-hour access to food and water to their animals.• Building animal shelters from the sun and heat.• Deworming and giving inoculations.• Observing basic hygiene for milking.• Preparing and storing fodder to use when no feed is available.

After completing training, artificial insemination workers received kits to help start their businesses. Kits contained items such as an insemination gun, semen doses, nitrogen gascylinder, liquid nitrogen gas, gloves, and thermometers. Workers who went on to meetperformance criteria received a motorbike, which allowed them to serve more customers.4

4 New artificial insemination workers were expected to perform a minimum of 50 inseminations within the first 90 days of receiving the starter kit and achieve a minimum conception rate of 40 percent.

67


4

Besides practical animal husbandry techniques, start-up supplies, and performance incentives, two other factors contributed to the project’s success: the mission’s involvement with DRDFand the help DRDF received from Nestle Pakistan, Ltd. The mission’s involvement started witha preaward assessment of DRDF, outlining its strengths and weaknesses. When the missionconcluded from this assessment that DRDF was a high-risk recipient, the mission required it tostrengthen management capacity and internal controls. This included establishing a conflict-of-interest policy; forming an audit committee; and developing accounting, procurement, andhuman resources policies. These measures would provide reasonable assurance thatDRDF, as a first- time recipient of U.S. Government funding, could adequately monitor andefficiently use project resources. Due to the Office of Acquisition and Assistance’s effectivemonitoring of the implementation of these measures, by January 2013 the mission was able torevise DRDF’s status to low risk. Additionally, the mission’s agreement officer’s representativecontinued to monitor the daily activities of the program.

Nestle’s support was also important. It contributed eight full-time key staff members and allowedthe project to use two of its model dairy farms to train dairy farmers. Staff included a projectdirector, financial controller, general manager for field operations, and human resourcesmanager. According to the agreement, the value of this third-party support during the project’sfirst 3 years was estimated at $3.4 million.

These factors contributed to the overall success of assistance to the dairy farmers and artificialinsemination workers. Participants gained the knowledge and skills necessary to continueto grow their businesses, thus providing increased incomes for themselves and their families.

Project Did Not Increase the AverageIncome of Women LivestockExtension Workers

WLEWs are an integral component of the project. Of the 16,000 people trained under the project, 5,000 (or 31 percent) were WLEWs. The objective of training women was to increasethe availability of extension services and enhance rural women’s employment and incomeopportunities.

Extension training lasted a month and covered the following topics: management of basicanimal health; diagnosis of common livestock diseases; administration of basic medicines;nutrition; and basic bookkeeping and negotiation skills. At the end of training, participants took awritten and oral exam administered by the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences ofLahore. Those who passed got a starter kit containing the aforementioned medical supplies, amobile phone, cattle feed bags, a lab coat, a notebook, and a handbag.

In the project’s first 3 years, it achieved its training target of 5,000 WLEWs but not its income target. The average income of WLEWs fell short of the expected 3,000 rupees (approximately $30) per month. Most women earned only 1,144 rupees (or approximately $11) per month.Although the training provided the skills necessary to perform livestock extension services, the women were unable to translate them into increased income.

According to the implementer and the WLEWs themselves, their limited achievement resultedfrom social and cultural barriers:

68


5

• Women need the approval of male family members to work outside the home.

• Women often lack their own transportation, limiting their ability to reach clients and grow theircustomer base.

• Some farmers exploit them. Some farmers did not believe women were physically capable of doing the job and would refuse their services. Others would refuse to pay for services after they were rendered.

These cultural challenges limited the success of the project.

Furthermore, follow-up support for extension workers didn’t last long enough. The project gavethe women follow-up technical support for only 1 month after training. That was not enoughtime to reinforce the skills they’d already learned, build their experience running and marketingtheir businesses, or help them promote their services among community farmers.

Continued low income could discourage female workers. If they dropped out, the project wouldnot achieve meaningful results in making extension services more available, and the time andfunding invested would be wasted. Sensitizing dairy farmers and artificial insemination workersto female equality and empowerment could help overcome cultural challenges and increase thewomen’s economic opportunities.

With the 2-year extension, the project was working to train an additional 40,000 dairy farmersthrough the establishment of 100 model farms in 100 villages. The success of this effort wouldhugely increase demand for extension services. To help the project take advantage of thisdemand and achieve its expected results, we make the following recommendations.

Recommendation 1. We recommend that USAID/Pakistan integrate gender sensitivity(women equality and empowerment) into project training to provide awareness to alldairy farmers, artificial insemination workers, and women livestock extension workers toimprove women’s access to economic opportunities.

Recommendation 2. We recommend that USAID/Pakistan work with Dairy and RuralDevelopment Foundation to provide additional support to the women livestock extensionworkers by extending the follow-up timeframe.

69


6

EVALUATION OFMANAGEMENT COMMENTSIn its comments, USAID/Pakistan agreed with the audit report’s two recommendations and has taken final action on both. Below is our evaluation.

Recommendation 1. USAID/Pakistan agreed and in April 2015 provided training to all project management staff and trainers on gender sensitivity. The mission will incorporate gender sensitivity issues into all technical trainings given to dairy farmers, artificial insemination workers, and WLEWs. We acknowledge management’s decision and final action on Recommendation 1.

Recommendation 2. USAID/Pakistan agreed and updated the work plan for the project,extending follow-up assistance for women livestock extension workers. The plan includes providing refresher trainings, making efforts to strengthen the workers’ supply network, and providing workers with mobile phones. We acknowledge management’s decision and final action on Recommendation 2.

70

USAID-DRDF Dairy ProjectAppendix I

7

SCOPE AND METHODOLOGYScope

OIG/Pakistan conducted this performance audit in accordance with generally acceptedgovernment auditing standards. They require that we plan and perform the audit to obtainsufficient, appropriate evidence to provide a reasonable basis for our findings and conclusionsin accordance with our audit objective. We believe the evidence obtained provides thatreasonable basis.

The objective of this audit was to determine whether the Smallholder Dairy Project wasimproving the skills of dairy farmers, artificial insemination workers, and livestock workers toincrease their incomes.

In January 2011, USAID signed a 3-year, $14 million cooperative agreement with DRDF toimplement the Smallholder Dairy Project. In October 2014, the agreement was extended for2 years and funding increased by $7 million. As of December 31, 2014, USAID/Pakistan hadobligated $20.9 million and disbursed $14.1 million under the project. The disbursed amountrepresents the amount tested during this performance audit.

The audit covered the period from project inception, January 28, 2011, to December 31, 2014.We conducted audit fieldwork from September 11, 2014, to April 28, 2015, at USAID/Pakistanand at the office of DRDF.5 We also visited program beneficiaries in six districts in PunjabProvince.

In planning and performing the audit, the audit team assessed the significant internal controlsused by the mission to manage the project and ensure adequate oversight of activities.Specifically, we examined and evaluated internal control documentation prepared by themission, the implementer, Nestle Pakistan, and independent accounting firms, including thefollowing:

• Cooperative agreement and subsequent modifications between DRDF and USAID• USAID/Pakistan approved vouchers• USAID/Pakistan portfolio reviews• Agreement between Nestle Pakistan and DRDF• Financial audit of DRDF performed by the accounting firm Crowe Horwath• DRDF policies and procedures manuals• DRDF implementation plans and quarterly reports• Approved monitoring and evaluation plan• USAID/Pakistan’s annual self-assessment of management controls, done to comply with

the Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity Act of 1982, for 2011, 2012, and 2013

We also reviewed the mission’s pre- and post-award conditions, outlined in the cooperativeagreement, and verified the implementer’s compliance with them.

5 To address other OIG priorities, we suspended audit fieldwork from November 24, 2014, through February 19, 2015.

71


8

Methodology

To answer the audit objective, we reviewed the cooperative agreement betweenUSAID/Pakistan and DRDF, work plans, monthly and quarterly progress reports, applicableregulations (such as USAID’s Automated Directives System and the Code of FederalRegulations), and related OIG audit reports. We also conducted interviews in Islamabad withofficials from the mission, and in Lahore with DRDF representatives. We visited a Nestle modelfarm used by DRDF and beneficiaries, and interviewed beneficiaries from all three traininggroups—dairy farmers (51), artificial insemination workers (59), and women livestock extensionworkers (45). Through these interviews and documentation reviews, we obtained anunderstanding of (1) the project’s goals, (2) the project’s design and planning process, (3) howthe mission monitors activities, (4) accomplishments to date, and (5) whether the mission,implementing partner, or beneficiaries were aware of any allegations of fraud, other potentialillegal acts, or noncompliance with laws and regulations.

To answer the audit objective, we relied extensively on the computer-processed data contained in Excel maintained by DRDF. We assessed the reliability of this data together with relevant general and application controls of information technology systems and found them adequate. We also conducted sufficient tests of the data. These tests and assessments led us to conclude the data are sufficiently reliable to be used in answering the audit objective.

Our testing included training and survey data.6 For the training data, we judgmentally selectedtraining classes that took place between April and June 2013. For dairy farmers, we reviewedattendance sheets. For artificial insemination workers and women livestock extension workers,we reviewed their exam certificates.

For survey data, we looked at data gathered between January and March 2014. We selectedfive indicators (three pertaining to dairy farmers, one to artificial insemination workers, and oneto WLEWs) for testing:

1. Average increase in the project-assisted household’s real annual income from dairyactivities, relative to the baseline.

2. Incidence of hemorrhagic septicemia and foot and mouth disease.

3. Percentage of farmers using the services of WLEWs, relative to the baseline.

4. Average monthly income of artificial insemination workers from providing artificialinsemination services, relative to the baseline.

5. Average monthly income of WLEWs from livestock services relative to the baseline.

Regarding the first indicator tested, the audit did not link the increase in farmer income with anincrease in milk yield. Many factors contributed to the increase in income, such as a decrease inexpenses (e.g., from less spending on medical services for cattle) or an increase in the marketprice of milk or milk products. Therefore, an increase in farmer income does not necessarilycorrelate with increased milk yield.

6 To monitor and report quarterly project results, DRDF continuously conducted surveys of sampled beneficiaries.

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9

We validated indicator performance results against data maintained by DRDF in its monitoringand evaluation system and source documentation. We found no discrepancies.

The audit team also conducted a 3-day site visit to the districts of Lahore, Okara, Sahiwal,Lodhran, Multan, and Vehari, where we met with dairy farmer, artificial insemination, and WLEWtrainees. During those meetings, we gained an understanding of the training they received, theequipment provided, and their general perception of the project. We chose the sites to visitbased on their accessibility and the security situation in Pakistan.

Our sample selections were judgmental. Therefore, the results are limited to the items testedand cannot be projected to the entire audit population.

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USAID-DRDF Dairy ProjectAppendix II

10

MANAGEMENT COMMENTS

MEMORANDUM Date October 27, 2015 To Tuyvan Nguyen - Director OIG/Pakistan From John Groarke - Mission Director USAID/Pakistan Subject Management Decision on the Performance Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Small

Holder Dairy Project Reference Draft Report dated September 03, 2015

The USAID/Pakistan Mission would like to thank the OIG/Pakistan for providing the Mission the opportunity to review the draft performance audit report of the Small Holders Dairy Project. Please find below our management comments on the recommendations included in the referenced audit report. Recommendation No. 1 We recommend that USAID/Pakistan integrate gender sensitivity (women equality and empowerment) into project training to provide awareness to all dairy farmers, artificial insemination workers, and women livestock extension workers to improve women’s access to economic opportunities. Management Comments The Mission agrees with the recommendation. The USAID/Pakistan’s Smallholder Dairy Project has already conducted a three-day training course for all of its project management staff and master trainers on gender sensitivity. This training was conducted in April 2015 and it covered all aspects of gender equality and female empowerment (Please see attached Annex- A for the course content and the attendance list for this training). This gender sensitivity training module will be incorporated into all technical trainings planned to be given to the dairy farmers, artificial insemination workers, and Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEW). The module will be delivered by the master trainers, all of whom have themselves received the training. Based on the above, we report that the final action has already been taken and request closure of this recommendation upon issuance of the final audit report. Recommendation No. 2 We recommend that USAID/Pakistan work with Dairy and Rural Development Foundation to provide additional support to the women livestock extension workers by extending the follow-up timeframe.

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USAID-DRDF Dairy ProjectAppendix II

11

Management Comments The Mission agrees with the recommendation. In the extension phase of the project, Dairy and Rural Development Foundation (DRDF) is providing refresher trainings to already trained WLEWs to help them increase their earnings. This is an extension beyond the previous follow-up timeframe. The project is also making efforts to strengthen the WLEW supply network in order to further augment the earnings of all WLEWs. This is being done by extending the existing supply line of DRFD, which is being used for Artificial Insemination Technicians (AITs), to the WLEWs in order for them to provide vaccinations and other veterinary items to their clients. All WLEWs (past trainees included) are now provided with mobile phones as part of the WLEW kit, to help establish efficient communication channels with their vendors and customers. The project is also now conducting regular meetings between vendors and WLEWs to assist the procurement processes. Furthermore, advanced groups of WLEWs are being formed to act as “area service-hubs” for other WLEWs. The main purpose of clustering is to expand their businesses and provide them with additional skills; such as milk collection, calf fattening, etc. The project is also making linkages with the private sector and other USAID projects which are working on livestock issues to use the trained WLEWs as a resource for their interventions. The project is collaborating with the USAID Agriculture Market Development project to assist in the enumeration process of livestock in each WLEW area. This enumeration will be done by the WLEWs who will register all the animals in their vicinity and help private sector buyers find the sellers. The WLEWs will get commissions for all the completed transactions. These actions by DRDF in the extension phase of the project represent additional follow-up and support for the WLEWs which are expected to result in increased incomes for them. The updated work plan for the project that reflects the interventions detailed above is enclosed as Annex-B. Specific references are made in the section captioned Component 4 – under sub heading Training and Support for WLEWs on page #19. The discussion can further be tracked in the section for Market Linkages on page #19-20. The section on Sustainability Plan of Dairy Project Beneficiaries on page #31, point- 4 and on page #32, point C reiterates the same approach. More details regarding the follow-up mechanism for WLEWs can be found in the Standard Operating Procedures for the project attached as Annex-C. Please refer to narrative on page #27 under the section for Follow-up Meetings and on page #29 under Refresher/Advance Training. Based on the above, we report that the final action has already been taken and request closure of this recommendation upon issuance of the final audit report.

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U.S. Agency for International DevelopmentOffice of Inspector General

1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20523

Tel: 202-712-1150Fax: 202-216-3047

http://oig.usaid.gov/Audit Task No. GG100413

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ANNEX.3: LIST OF EVENTS 2011-2017

Sr. No Date Event Location Remarks

1.September 2,2013

Consultative workshop for commercial dairy farmers

Pearl Continental Hotel, Lahore

The purpose of this consultative workshop was to assess the needs of Punjab-based commercial dairy farmers, seeking assistance of trained farm managers for better farm management and to help the Dairy Project enhance the scope of its upcoming farm managers’ trainings, and further align it with market needs.

2.

October 31-December 12,2013

Dairy Project’sSMS Campaign

Multan,Khanewal, Lodhran, Muzaffargarh, Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar, Rahim Yar Khan, Toba Tek Singh, Jhang, Sahiwal, Vehari

The basic objective of the SMS Campaignwas to send bulk SMS, to help ensure an effective outreach to Dairy Project’s trained beneficiaries including Dairy Farmers, Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEWs) and Artificial Insemination Technicians (AITs), to establish their credibility, sustainability and improved linkages among the farming community, for increased milk yield, income boost and improved livelihoods. The SMS marketing was carried out in Urdu and language, focusing the prescribed four messages given by the project team.

3.

November 23-December 22,2013

USAID DairyProject’s TV and Radio Spots Campaign

Across Pakistan

As part of its mass awareness campaign,the Dairy Project completed phase two of its radio and television awareness campaign on modern dairy farming practices, reaching out at least 88 districts and 239 tehsils. Through this campaign, commercials were aired on 10 TV channels and 9 Radio channels in 5 different regional languages (Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Seraiki, and Urdu).

4.December 29-31, 2013

Kisan MelaExpo center,Lahore

The objective of the Kisan Mela was toencourage growth in the agro-sector by sharing best practices, latest research findings and create market linkages between different stakeholders in the agricultural industry. The Dairy Project’s stall showcased a model dairy shed to guide farmers with regards to shed design and management, along with brochures of silage making, aflatoxins and literature on the overview of the project. The stall was visited by over 400 people including dairy farmers from rural areas across Pakistan.

5.February 7,2014

Visit of U.S.-based Journalists

PunjabVocational Training Council, Burj Attari

A group of U.S.-based Journalists andUSAID officials visited the AIT site and were briefed about the projects activities and achievements

6.March 2, 2014

Visit of AnneArnes – DeputyDirector, OAPA, USAID/Washing ton

Visit of AnneArnes – DeputyDirector, OAPA, USAID/Washingt on

Anne Arnes – Deputy Director, OAPA,USAID/Washington, Jeffrey N. Bakken –Director USAID Provincial Mission, Lahore, Asad Ullah Khan, Agriculture Specialist, USAID/Punjab, Ms. Arshia Bano, DOC Specialist,USAID Lahore and project beneficiaies and staff participated in this visit.

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7.March 13-142014

Dawn SarsabzAgri Expo 2014

Expo CenterLahore

The Dawn Sarsabz Agri Expo is Pakistan’slargest agricultural exposition and brought together participation from all business sectors directly or indirectly involved with agriculture. The Dairy Project setup a stall at the expo with the objective of disseminating best dairy practices, and to create awareness about the projects various capacity building initiatives. Visitors received briefing about the project from master trainers and project-trained beneficiaries along with brochures of silage making, Aflatoxins and literature on the overview of the project.

8.April 11, 2014

U.S. journalistsvisited to DairyProject’s artificial insemination (AI) training facility

Burj Attari,Sheikhupura

The objective of the visit was to assess the overall scale, scope, and impact of the U.S. assistance delivered through the trainings offered under the Dairy Project for Dairy Farmers, Artificial Insemination Technicians (AITs) and Women Livestock Extension Workers (WLEWs).

9.May 15, 2014

Dairy ProjectLive on FM 101

PakistanBroadcasting Corporation, Islamabad

Dairy Project participated in 30-minute live talk show “Aap Hum Aur Behtar Zindagi” on radio FM 101, leading radio “infotainment” network- channel in Pakistan. The purpose of this program was to highlight the assistance that the USG is extending through USAID toward policy research and analysis that will lead to effective policy making in the areas of economics and agriculture.

10.July 3, 2013July 23, 2013

Motorbike Distribution for AITs

Hasilpur AITs and Project team attended the event.

11.

August 29 , 2013August 31 ,2013

Graduation/InauguralCeremony of12th and 13thbatch WLEW

Shahjahan Hotel, MultanMarry-Inn hotel Vehari

Representatives from government administration, NGOs, Livestock Department, dairy and pharmaceutical companies, rural community and project management participated in thisceremony.

12.September 5 ,2013

MotorbikeDistribution for AITs

Multan AITs and Project team attended the event.

13.

September 18,2013September 19,2013

Graduation/InauguralCeremony of14th and 15thbatch WLEW

Marry-Inn hotel Vehari.Shahjahan Hotel, Multan

Representatives from government administration, NGOs, Livestock Department, dairy and pharmaceutical companies, rural community and project management participated in thisceremony.

14.

October 8, 2013October 9, 2013

Graduation/Inaugural Ceremony of 15th and 16th batch WLEW

Shahjahan Hotel, Multan,Marry-Inn hotel Vehari

Representatives from government administration, NGOs, Livestock Department, dairy and pharmaceutical companies, rural community and project management participated in this ceremony.

15.October 10 ,2013

WLEWCertificationceremony of 15th batch

Millan Marriage Hall, Hasil pur


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15.November 28,2013


Marry-Inn hotel Vehari,Millan Marriage Hasil pur


16.December 5,2013


Hasil Pur AITs and Project team attended the event.

17.January 9, 2014


Hasilpur AITs and Project team attended the event.

18.January 21,2014

Graduation/Inaugural Ceremony of 17th , 18th and 19th batch WLEW

Shahjahan Hotel, Multan.Millan marriage Hall, Hasilpur


19.February 18,2014

Graduation/InauguralCeremony of 18th and 20th batch WLEW

Shahjahan Hotel, Multan


20.February 21,2014

Motor BikeDistribution for AITs from other provinces

Rahimyar Khan


21.February 25,2014


Millan marriageHall, Hasilpur


22.

March 11, 2014March 20, 2014

Motor BikeDistribution Phase 16 & 17

Hasilpur,Raheem Yar Khan

AITs and project team attended the phase 16 ceremony.Phase 17 ceremony was attended by representatives from government administration, NGOs, livestock department, dairy and pharmaceutical companies and rural community participated in this ceremony.

23.April 23, 2014


Joy Land Hotel, Vehari

Representatives from government administration, NGOs, livestock department, dairy and pharmaceutical companies and rural community participated in this ceremony.

24.April 29, 2014

GraduationCeremonyof 20th batch of WLEWs

Millan MarriageHall, Hasil Pur


25.

May 17,2014,May 28, 2014,June 11, 2014


Raheem YarKhan,Abbotabad, Jhang (Rajhana)


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26. September 25, 2014

USAID’s Public Communication Project –TV Shoot for “Roshan Hai Zameen”

Multan & Vehari N/A

The purpose of this TV Shoot was to raise awareness about best dairy farming practices among the rural farming communities. Three beneficiaries hailing from Bootay Wala village, district Multan and 553/EB, district Vehari took part in this TV shoot.

27. October 2014

Online Job Management Portal – Project Website

N/A N/A

The Communications Team setup an online job management portal on the project website, publicizing several job openings available at the Dairy Project.

28. December, 2014

Diary and Calendar 2015 N/A N/A

Designed, developed and disbursed Dairy Project’s diary and table calendar 2015 among Dairy Project staff and stakeholders.

29. January, 2015

Training Curriculum and Mobilization Material

N/A N/A

Designed and developed training curriculum and mobilization material for all three components: WLEW, AIT and dairy farmers (one-day, seven-day and one month).

30.January 22,2015

UVAS Job FairUVAS,Lahore

N/A

The Job Fair provided students and alumni with an opportunity to meet with the Dairy Project’s representatives and discuss various internship and career opportunities available.

31. February 20, 2015

LUMS Internship Fair

LUMS,Lahore

N/A

Dairy Project’s impressive stall attracted over several students who showed keen interest in joining the Dairy Project.

32.March 19-20, 2015

Dawn Sarsabz Agri Expo 2015

Expo Center, Lahore N/A

The purpose of the Expo was to provide a platform to a diverse range of public and private stakeholders, from across Pakistan to exhibit and participate to promote agriculture sector. Over 400 individuals visited the Dairy Project’s stall during the two-day exhibit and learnt about the best farming practices, trainings, shed construction and farm management, and also got an insight into the scale, scope and significant accomplishments of the project.

33.March 25,2015

MoU Signing Ceremony with UVAS

UVAS,Lahore

N/A

The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS) Lahore signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Dairy and Rural Development Foundation (DRDF) to collaborate in training of master trainers and other training programs for the development of dairy sector.

34.April 27,2015

Employee Recognition & Reward Ceremony 2015

Pearl Continental Hotel, Lahore

N/A

The purpose of the Employee Recognitionand Reward Ceremony was to acknowledge the efforts of each individual who played an instrumental role in helping the Dairy Project achieve successful milestones during its first three years (and first two quarters of Year 4).

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35.June 11,2015

FM 101 Radio Show “Aap Hum Aur Behtar”

Islamabad N/A

The show highlighted the key facts and achievements of USAID’s Dairy Project as well as the assistance that the USG is extending through USAID toward policy research and analysis that will lead to effective policy making in the areas of economics and agriculture.

36.June 16,2015

Second Dairy and Livestock Sector Donors’ Conference

Faletti’s Hotel, Lahore

Press Release – United States Fosters Dairy, Livestock Public- Private Partnerships

The objective of this conference was to bring together organizations, agencies and policymakers involved in the dairy and livestock sector in Punjab to identify which projects are involved in the sector and gain a better understanding of how economic development can be maximized.

37. June - July, 2015

Dairy Project Portal-Volume 3, Issue I (newsletter)

N/A N/A

The newsletter gave a walkthrough of the Dairy Project’s significant accomplishments, activities, and highlights to a wide audience of institutions, organizations and individuals in the dairy sector. Around 450 copies were distributed among public and private stakeholders, key project staff and Government administration, while about 64 organizations were reached out through this exercise.

38. June, 2015 Website Customization N/A N/A

The Communication Team signed anagreement with a web developer for the customization, maintenance and revision of the project website. As part of the agreement old and outdated pictures/images, statistics, success stories and information pertaining to the project’s interventions were replaced by new, up-to-date content/images.

39.July 30,2015

Dairy Project Exhibit at USAID DOCs Forum

N/A N/A

Communications Team participated in USAID’s Communication Working Group (CWG) meeting hosted by Training for Pakistan Project in Islamabad. Three contending projects including Training for Pakistan Project, Small Grants and Ambassador’s Fund and Dairy Project gave a brief overview of their activities for the month of June-July. Dairy Project team presented and competed very well and received fantastic claps staying runner-up.

40.July 2015 – September, 2015

USAID – DRDFDairy Project Documentary

N/A N/A

The objective of this revision was to update the outdated statistics and footage, as well as to include all five technical components, their objectives, training and methodology, benefits and impact. The documentary shoot took place in three locations: PMU office, Burj Attari and Vehari zones.

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41.August 2015– October 2015

Street Shows with Mobile Float Activity

District(s) Multan, Vehari, Khanewal, Bahawalpur and Lodhran

17 Urdu & 8 English local and national newspapers

As part of its community outreach and advocacy efforts, the Team organized a series of street shows with mobile float announcements in the districts of Multan, Vehari, Khanewal, Bahawalpur and Lodhran. The Dairy Project has conducted 42 street shows with mobile float announcements with a high turnout of more than 20,000 people.

42. September 10, 2015

Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between DRDF & COMSATS,Sahiwal

COMSATS,Sahiwal

17 Urdu & 8 English local and national newspapers

Dairy and Rural Development Foundation (DRDF) and COMSATS, Sahiwal, signed a Memorandum of Association (MoU) to collaborate in training of Dairy Project trained Master Trainers and staff.

43. September, 2015

Dairy Project Portal-Volume 3,Issue 2 (newsletter)

N/A N/A

The newsletter gave an overview of the Dairy Project’s team, interventions, accomplishments and activities to a wide audience of institutions, organizations and individuals in the dairy sector. Around 400 copies have been distributed among public and private stakeholders, key project staff and Government administration, with more to follow.

44.July 2014 – September 2015

Publications, brochures and Posters for awareness and information

N/A N/A

Designed and printed mobilization and training material, such as streamers, banners, modules, flip charts, brochures, record registers, and certificates for beneficiaries for raising awareness about the Dairy Project’s interventions.

45.October02, 2015

Dairy ProjectPortal Volume III, Issue 2 (Newsletter)AndDairy Projects’ Corporate documentary Revision dissemination

N/a N/a

Communications Team disseminated its newsletter, Dairy Project Portal (Volume III, Issue 2), and the Corporate Documentary on a wide scale. In this respect, 413 copies of the newsletter and 52 DVDs were distributed among public and private stakeholders and key project staff, reaching out to 42 organizations.

46.October07, 2015

Nestlé CorporateAffairs Department visited the USAID– DRDF Dairy Project.

Lahore N/aThe objective of the visit wasto provide updates on the Dairy Project’s activities to the delegation.

47.Dec 2015 –Jan 2016

StreetShows/Mobile Float activity

Multan,Vehari, Bahawalpur and the surrounding suburbs

N/a

Based on the successful roll-out of the first round, second round of Street Shows with Mobile Float was carried out. 31 shows were conducted with a turnout of more than 14,000 rural men and women.

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48. December 2015

Diary and Calendar 2016 N/a N/a

Designed, developed and disbursed Dairy Project’s diaryand table calendar 2016 among Dairy Project staff and stakeholders

49.December04, 2015

CertificateDistribution ceremony for Farm Managers

Faletti’sHotel, Lahore.

N/a

The purpose of the event wasto congratulate farm managers on the completion of the one- month course, as well as to motivate them to continue contributing to the development of Pakistan’s dairy and livestock sector.

50.January28, 2016

Valuing Livesthrough Dairy Development

Universityof Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore

Press Release- USAID distributes motor bikes to Dairy Sector Technicians

Its purpose was to showcaseUSAID-DRDF Dairy Project and its commitment in terms of sustainable dairy development, economic profitability, and social and economic equity for the dairy farming community. It provided public – private stakeholders and guests with an opportunity to interact with the project beneficiaries, visit their stalls and model sheds, attend the cattle breed exhibit, and examine the mobile float used for mass awareness activities.

51.January28, 2016.

NewspaperSupplementPublished

Newspapers:Jang Lahoreand Multaneditions

N/a

The supplement gave theproject an opportunity topublicize USAID – DRDF DairyProject’s interventions,achievements and impact onthe dairy sector with anestimated reach out of215,000.

52.

January27, 2016January30, 2016

UVAS Job FairLUMS internshipfair

N/a N/a

Dairy Project’s stalls attractedover a total of 250 studentswho showed a keen interest injoining our growing team.

53.February24, 2016

FMD Round tablediscussion

UniversityofVeterinaryand AnimalSciencesLahore.

N/a

Dairy Project in collaborationwith L&DD, UVAS Lahore, andUSAID PEEP Project organizeda round-table discussion onFoot and Mouth Disease (FMD.at UVAS, Lahore.

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54.February25, 2016

Nestle Delegatesvisits DairyProject

Lahore N/a

A delegation from Nestlécomprising of Mr. RobertErhard, Agricultural MaterialSpecialist, and Dr. SobiaNaheed, Manager Dairy Policyand Development, visited theDairy Project. The ProjectManagement gave anoverview of the project’sinterventions, achievements,impact and the way forward.

55.February2016

Dairy ProjectPortal (VolumeIV, Issue 1)

N/a N/a

430 copies of the newsletterwere distributed among publicand private stakeholders andkey project staff, reaching outto 43 organizations.

56.February28, March06, 2016

Newspaperarticles

N/a N/a

The first article focused onfarm upgradation and the3:1:7 strategy, while the second article highlighted therole of the Dairy Project in promoting gender empowerment in rural communities, and coincided with the International Women’s Day.

57.March -April, 2016

Streetshow/MobileFloat activity –Third Round

Vehari,Bahawalpur,Chechawatni, Khanewal,Multan

N/a

shows raised awareness aboutthe DRDF Semen SubsidyCampaign which seeks topromote subsidized supply ofsemen to ArtificialInsemination Technicians

58.April 5thand 6th,2016

Dawn PakistanFood & Agri Expo2016

Expo CentreLahore

N/a

The project showcased itsfour-year achievements to alarge audience, with morethan 400 persons visiting theproject stall.

59.May 11,2016

JapanInternationalCooperationAgency (JICA)visited the DairyProject

PMULahore,Field visit toVehari andBahawalpur

N/a

The representatives were alsoinvited to join the DairyProject team in the field, sothat they could witness theinterventions first-hand andinteract with the beneficiaries.

60.July 27th,2016

bulk SMScampaign

N/a N/a

The campaign was successfullyrolled-out reaching out projectbeneficiaries including 2365AITs, 37,940 Farmers, and6,544 WLEWs.

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61. July 2016

Dairy ProjectPortal Volume IV,Issue 2(Newsletter)

N/a N/a

Over 400 copies of thenewsletter were distributed,among public and privatestakeholders reaching out toaround 44 organizations.

62.July 31,2016

Work shop atUSAID’s Centerfor AdvancedStudies (CAS)Project

UniversityofAgriculture,Faisalabad

N/a

The objective of the workshopwas to share Dairy Project’ssuccessful interventions, bestpractices, lessons learnt andexplore further opportunitiesto sustain the milestonesachieved so far

63. September29, 2016

Dairy Projectbranded Rackplacement

University ofVeterinaryand animalsciencesLahore.

N/a

The Dairy Project placed its firstbranded rack at University ofVeterinary & Animal Sciences(UVAS), Lahore. The ribboncutting was done by Jack Moser,Chief of Party Dairy Project andProf. Dr. Talat Pasha, ViceChancellor UVAS.

64.October 04,2016

Motor BikeDistributionCeremony

University ofVeterinaryand animalsciencesLahore.

N/a

USAID Office Director Punjab and USAID Staff, AITs and project team attended the ceremony. The ceremony was also attended by representatives from government administration, livestock department, dairy and pharmaceutical companies and rural community participated in this ceremony.

65.December 05,2016

Bio Gas Inauguration Ceremony

L&DD Department farm, Bahadar Nagar.

Press Release- USAID distributed

US Consul General, USAID Office Director Punjab and USAID Staff and project team attended the ceremony. The ceremony was also attended by Minister Agriculture Punjab, representatives from government administration, livestock department, dairy and pharmaceutical companies and rural community participated in this ceremony.

66.January 24, 2017

Dairy Project Closeout Event

Royal Palm Country Club ,Lahore.

Press Release- USAID distributed

USAID Mission Director, USAID Office Director Punjab and USAID Staff and project team attended the ceremony. The ceremony was also attended by Minister Agriculture Punjab, representatives from government administration, livestock department, dairy and pharmaceutical companies and rural community participated in this ceremony.

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ANNEX. 4: COMMUNICATION PRODUCTS DEVELOPED 2011-2017

Title ComponentMedia Type27

Media Name

Release Date

LanguageMedia

Tone28

Branded Stationery Items-Including project envelopes, writing pads, letterhead, ball pens

Dairy ProjectStationery Items

Stationery Items

July 10, 2012 English Positive

Print media campaign on best dairy farming practices –12 color, quarter page print ads

All threecomponents (Artificial Insemination Technicians, Women Livestock Extension Workers, Dairy Farmers)

Print ad Print adJuly-August, 2012

English/Urdu

Positive

Project Brochure

All three components (Artificial Insemination Technicians, Women Livestock Extension Workers, Dairy Farmers)

Brochure Brochure July 15, 2012 English Positive

Project Brochure-Naveed-e-Subho

All three components (ArtificialInsemination Technicians, Women Livestock Extension Workers, Dairy Farmers)

Brochure Brochure July 15, 2012 Urdu Positive

Artificial Insemination Technicians’ Brochure

Artificial Insemination Technicians

Brochure Brochure July, 2012 Urdu Positive

Women Livestock Extension Workers’ Brochure

Women Livestock Extension Workers

Brochure Brochure July 18, 2012 Urdu Positive

Dairy Farmers’ Brochure Dairy Farmers Brochure Brochure July 20, 2012 Urdu Positive

Artificial Insemination Technicians’ Record Register


Record Register

Record Register

July 20, 2012 Urdu Positive

Women Livestock Extension Workers’ Record Register


Record Register

Record Register


Dairy Farmers’ Record Register

Dairy FarmersRecord Register

Record Register

July, 2012 Urdu Positive

27 Media Types includes Press Clippings, Press Releases, Radio/TV Interviews, Advertisement and Publications etc

28 Media Tone: Positive, Negative or Neutral

86


Handbills (WLEW, AIT)

Women Livestock Extension Workers, Artificial Insemination Technicians

Promot iona l Material for Beneficiaries

Promotional Material/Handbills


File Folder


File Folder File Folder July 23, 2012 English Positive

Beneficiaries’ Display Artificial Beneficiaries’ Beneficiaries’ July 26, 2012 Urdu Positive

Boards

InseminationTechnicians, Women Livestock Extension Workers

PromotionalBoards

Promotional Boards

Event Backdrops, Banners, Steamers, Skins-HFAC Visit to AI Training Center Burj Attari


Flex Skins Flex Skins August,8 2012English/Urdu

Positive

Women Livestock Extension Workers Modules


Training Module

Training Module

August 8, 2012 Urdu Positive

Dairy Guide for Two days,Four days, and One MonthTraining for Farmers and Farm Managers

Dairy FarmersTraining Module

Training Module

August 10, 2012

Urdu Positive

Artificial Insemination Technicians’ Trainee Manual


Training Module

Training Module

August, 15 2012

Urdu Positive

Artificial Insemination Technicians’ Banners for Community Mobilization


Flex Banners Flex BannersAugust 15, 2012

Urdu Positive

Women Livestock Extension Workers’ Banners for Community Mobilization


Flex Banners Flex BannersAugust 15, 2012

Urdu Positive

Dairy Farmers’ Banners for Community Mobilization

Dairy Farmers Flex Banners Flex BannersAugust 18, 2012

Urdu Positive

Dairy Farmers’ Certificates Dairy Farmers Certificate CertificateAugust 20, 2012

English Positive

Flip Charts


Flip Charts Flip ChartsSeptember 18, 2012

Urdu Positive

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Dairy Project Website

All three components (Artificial Insemination Technicians, Women LivestockExtension Workers, Dairy Farmers)

Website WebsiteSeptember 20, 2012

English Positive

Staff Business and ID Cards Dairy Project Cards CardsSeptember 15, 2012

English Positive

Branded Caps and T- Shirts Dairy Project

Project Staff’ s Promotional Caps and T- Shirts

Project Staff’ s Promotional Caps and T- Shirts

September 20, 2012

English/Urdu

Positive

USAID Trains Unemployed Youth in Farm Management” Farm Managers Event Briefer/

Press ReleaseEvent Briefer/Press Release

October 4, 2012

English/Urdu

Positive

Dairy Project Portal- Volume 1, Issue 3


Newsletter NewsletterOctober 10, 2012

English Positive

Dairy Project Live on FM 101


Radio RadioNovember 15, 2012

Urdu Positive

Event Backdrops, Banners, Steamers, Skins- Third Certificate Distribution Ceremony for Farm Managers

Dairy Farmers Flex Skins Flex SkinsDecember 4, 2012

Urdu Positive

Event Backdrop, Steamers-Dairy Project at UVAS Annual Job Fair

All three components (Artificial InseminationTechnicians, Women Livestock Extension Workers, Dairy Farmers)

Flex Skins Flex SkinsDecember, 2012

English Positive

Dairy Project Portal- Volume 1, Issue 4


Newsletter NewsletterJanuary 10, 2013

English Positive

88


Dairy Project Diary


Diary DiaryJanuary 22, 2013

English Positive

Dairy Project Table Calendar


Table Calendar

Table Calendar

January 24, 2013

English Positive

Invitation Cards Dairy project Cards CardsFebruary 21, 2013

Urdu Positive

Dairy farmers boost milk yields, with the help of USAID’s fleet of motorbikes”


Event Briefer/Press Release

Event Briefer/Press Release

March 5, 2013English/Urdu

Positive

Event Backdrop, Steamers– Motorbike Distribution

Artificial Insemination

Flex Skins Flex Skins March 5, 2013 English Positive

Ceremony for AITs Technicians

Branded Key Chains Dairy Project Key Chains Key Chains March 5, 2013 English Positive

Afflatoxin Brochure


Brochure BrochureMarch 18, 2013

Urdu Positive

Print media campaign on Afflatoxin– color, quarter Page Print Ads


Print ad Print adMarch15-30, 2013

Urdu Positive

Beneficiaries Kit Bags


Beneficiaries’ Promotional Kit Bags

Beneficiaries’ Promotional Kit Bags

March 20, 2013

English Positive

89


color, quarter page printads in Special report published in Dawn- Dairy Project stall at Dawn Agri Expo held at Expo Center Lahore


Dairy Project Stall at Dawn Agri Expo


April14-5, 2013

English Positive

U.S. Committed to Strengthening Pakistan’s

Dairy ProjectEvent Briefer/Press

Event Briefer/Press

May 2, 2013English/Urdu

Positive

Rural and Dairy Economy Release Release

Branded Stationery Items as File Folder, Writing Pads, Ball Pens, Conference Bags-Dairy Project at GCU International Conference on Institutions, Growth and Development

Dairy ProjectBranded Stationery Items

Branded Stationery Items

May 2, 2013English/Urdu

Positive

Abstract Booklet- Dairy Project at GCU International Conference on Institutions, Growth and Development

Dairy Project Booklet Booklet May 2, 2013English/Urdu

Positive

Raising Awareness through Street Theatre Shows


Street Theatre Shows

Street Theatre Shows

May 22-June 1, 2013

Urdu Positive

USAID Dairy Project’s TV and Radio Spots Campaign


TV and Radio Spots

TV and Radio Spots

May-July, 2013

Urdu/Punjabi/Sindhi/Seraiki/Pushto

Positive

Artificial Insemination Technicians’ Steamers for Kit


Flex steamers Flex Steamers June 10, 2013 Urdu Positive

Women Livestock Extension Workers’ Steamers for Kit


Flex Steamers Flex Steamers June 10, 2013 Urdu Positive

Dairy Farmers’ Banners Dairy Farmers Flex Banners Flex Banners June 10, 2013 Urdu Positive

Artificial Insemination Technicians’ Certificates


Certificate Certificate July 20, 2013 English Positive

Environment Training Booklets


Booklet BookletJuly 26 10, 2013

Urdu Positive

90


Handbills (WLEW) WLEW Promotional Materialfor Beneficiaries

July 1, Oct 7, 2013 Urdu

AIT Display Boards AIT Display Board July 4, 2013 Urdu

WLEW Record Register WLEW Record Register July 4, 2013 Urdu

WLEW Banners forCommunity Mobilization

WLEW Flex Banners July 8, 2013Urdu

Dairy Farmers Banners forCommunity Mobilization

Dairy Farmers Flex Banners July 8, 2013Urdu

Dairy Project Portal-Volume 2, Issue 2

AIT, WLEW, DairyFarmers

Newsletter July 11, 2013 English

WLEW Brochure WLEW Brochure July 15, Nov 21, 2013 Urdu

Dairy Farmers Brochure

Dairy Farmers Brochure July 15, Nov 21, 2013 Urdu

Project Brochure-Naveed-e-Subh


Brochure July 15, Nov 21, 2013Urdu

AIT Certificates AIT Certificate July 20, Aug 22, Oct 9, 2013

English

AIT Brochure AIT Brochure July 22, 2013 Urdu

Biogas Board Dairy Project BiogasPlant-Pilot Initiative

Outdoor BrandingBoard

July 23, 2013 Urdu

AIT Record Register AIT Record Register July 24 2013 Urdu

Handbills (AIT) AIT Promotional Materialfor Beneficiaries

July 25, 2013 Urdu

Environment TrainingBooklets


Booklet July 26, 2013 Urdu

AIT Steamers forClassroom

AIT Flex steamers August 1, 2013 Urdu

Staff Business and ID Cards

Dairy Project’s PMU and Field Staff

Cards August 15, 2012 English

Dairy Farmer Steamers forClassroom

Dairy Farmers Flex steamers August 28, 2013 Urdu

WLEW Steamers forClassroom

WLEW Flex steamers August 28, 2013 Urdu

Event Backdrop, Podium,Steamers for Rolling Stands for Consultative Workshop for Commercial Dairy Farmers

Dairy Farmers Flex Skins September 2, 2013 English

USAID SupportsConsultative Workshop for Improved Dairy Farm Management in Punjab

Dairy Farmers Event Briefer/Press Release

September 2, 2013 English/Ur du

91


Event Backdrop, PodiumSkin for Certificate Distribution Ceremony for WLEWs

WLEW Flex Skins September 5, 2013 English

Display Boards for WLEW

WLEW Display Board September 20, November 28,2013

Urdu

Record Registers forWLEW

WLEW Record Register September 20, 2013 Urdu

Project Branded Envelopes

Dairy Project Stationery Items September 25, 2013 English

Flip Charts WLEW Flip Charts October 1, 2013 Urdu

Event Backdrop, Banners,Steamers for Rolling Stands for International Livestock Nutrition Conference

Dairy Project Flex Skins October 23-24, 2013 English

Silage Brochure Dairy Farmers Brochure October 20, 2013 Urdu

Dairy Project’s SMSCampaign

(WLEW, DairyFarmers)

SMS October 31-Dec 12, 2013 Urdu

USAID Dairy Project’s TV and Radio Spots Campaign


TV and Radio Spots October-November, 2013 Urdu/Punjabi/Sindhi/ Seraiki/Pus hto

Certificates for Four DaysTraining for Dairy Farmers

Dairy Farmers Certificate November 25, 2013 English

Dairy Guide for FarmManagers

Dairy Farmers Training Module November 29, 2013 Urdu

Record Registers for DairyFarmers

Dairy Farmers Record Register November 29, 2013 Urdu

Welcome Banners AIT, WLEW, DairyFarmers

Flex December 17, 2013 Urdu

Silage TechniciansCertificates

Dairy Farmers Certificate December 18, 2013 English

Project Branded KeyChains

Dairy Project Giveaway December 20, 2013 English

Afflatoxin Brochure Dairy Farmers, WLEW,

Brochure December 23, 2013 Urdu

Event Backdrop, Banners,Steamers for Rolling Stands, Vinyl for Fascia and Counters for Kisan Mela

Dairy Project Flex Skins December 29-31, 2013 English

Dairy Project Diary AIT, WLEW, DairyFarmers

Diary January 10, 2014 English

Dairy Project WallCalendar


Wall Calendar January 10, 2013 English

Handbills (AIT) AIT Promotional Materialfor Beneficiaries

January 1, 2014 Urdu

92


AIT Record Register AIT Record Register January 3, 2014 Urdu

AIT Certificates AIT Certificate January 7, 20, Feb 25, April4, May 5, 2014

English

WLEW Banners for Community Mobilization

WLEW Flex Banners January 21, 2014 Urdu

Dairy Farmers’ Banners for Community Mobilization

Dairy Farmers Flex Banners January 21, 2014 Urdu

Project Branded Caps Dairy Project Project Staff’ sPromotional Caps

January 23, 2014 English

Welcome Banners AIT, WLEW, DairyFarmers

Flex Banners January 29, 2014 Urdu

Training Module for AITCertificates

AIT Training Module January 30, 2014 Urdu

Charajat Booklet Dairy Farmers Booklet February 4, 2014 Urdu

Event Backdrops, Banner, Steamers for Rolling Stands, Flex Skins for Classroom Boards, Vinylfor Counters for U.S.Delegation’s Visit


Flex February 6, 2014 English

Project Brochure-Naveed-e-Subho


Brochure March 11, 2014 Urdu

Project Factsheet AIT, WLEW, DairyFarmers

Factsheet March 11, 2014 English

Color, quarter page printads in Special reportpublished in Dawn- Dairy Project stall at Dawn Agri Expo held at Expo Center Lahore



March 13-14 2014 English

Event Backdrops, Vinyl for Counters and Fascia Pavilion Dawn Agri Expo



March 13-14 2014 English

Staff Business and IDCards

Dairy Project Cards April 11, 2014 English

Dairy Project Live on FM101


Radio May 15, 2014 Urdu

Appreciation Certificatesfor Trained Beneficiaries

AIT, WLEW Certificates May 26, 2014 English

Certificate for CommercialDairy Farmers

Dairy Farmers Certificates May 22, 2014 English

Appreciation Certificates for Dairy Project Staff

Dairy Project Certificates June 23, 2014 English

93


Staff Appreciation Certificates Dairy Project Staff Certificate July-August , 2014 English

Dairy Project’s Advertisements Mass Awareness Advertisement July 25, Oct 12,19, 26, 29, Nov 6, 23, Dec21, 25, 2014

Urdu

Dairy Farmer Steamers for Classroom for OIG Visit at Sukheki

Dairy Farmers Flex steamers October 27, 2014 Urdu

Event Backdrop, Flex Skins for OIG Visit at Sukheki


Flex Skins October 27, 2014 English

Staff Business and ID Cards Dairy Project’s PMU and Field Staff

Cards December 31, 2014 English

Dairy And Calendar Dairy Project Dairy and Calendar

January 1, 2015 English

One day and seven day Dairy guide for farmers

Dairy Farmer January 2015 Urdu

UVAS Job Fair training and Marketing Material (standees, backdrop, banners, brochures, factsheet).

Dairy Project Branding Material January 22, 2015 English and

Urdu

One-day and seven day farmer trainings

Dairy Farmer Certificates January 2015 English

Farmer banners and streamers Dairy Farmer Banners andStreamers

January 29 2015 Urdu

One day and seven day module Dairy Farmer Module January 2015 Urdu

Dairy Project Envelopes, writing pad, pens, file folders

Dairy Project Stationary February 2015 English

Banners-farmer, WLEW, WelcomeBanners

WLEW, Banners February 12, 2015 Urdu

WLEW Record registers, WLEWModules,

WLEW Record registerand module

February 12, 2015 Urdu

Project Brochure-Naveed-e-Subha, AIT, WLEW, Dairy Farmer, One-month


Brochure February 24, 2015 Urdu

Flip Charts for WLEW and FarmerTraining

WLEW and Farmer Flip Charts February 2015 Urdu

Hand bills for WLEW WLEW Handbills February 2015 Urdu

94


Chara Jat Booklet for Dairy Farmers Dairy Farmer Booklet February 2015 Urdu

Complaint Cell cardsDairy Project

Complaintcards February 2015

Urdu andEnglish

DAWN Expo Brochures (Silagebrochure, aflatoxin brochure, Souvenir Bags including keychain, bags and mugs, English and Urdu brochure

Dairy Project Brochures March 19 and 20,

2015English and Urdu

MOU Signing at UVAS (Backdrop, file folders, standees)

Dairy Project BrandingMaterial

March 25, 2015 English

Staff Business and ID Cards Dairy Project Cards March 27, 2015 English

Handbills (AIT) AIT PromotionalMaterial for Beneficiaries

April 7, 2015 Urdu

Employee Reward ceremony-backdrop, streamers, certificates and shields

Dairy Project April 22, 2015 English

Appreciation Certificates for DairyProject Staff

Dairy Project Certificates April 24, 2015 English

Donors Conference Branding andMarketing Material including backdrop, standees, invitation and organizer cards, factsheet.

Dairy Project Branding and Marketing Material

June 13, 2015 English

Dairy Project Portal-Volume 3, Issu1

Mass Awareness Newsletter June 23, 2015 English

AIT Record Register AIT RecordRegister

July 2, 2015 Urdu

WLEW Steamers for Classroom WLEW Flex steamers July 03, 2015 Urdu

Project Branded Envelopes Dairy Project StationeryItems

July 27, 2015 English

Record Registers for Dairy Farmers Dairy Farmers RecordRegister

August 03, 2015 Urdu

Record Registers for WLEW WLEW RecordRegister


WLEW Refresher Module WLEW TrainingModule


Certificate (One-Day) Farmer Certificate August 06, 2015 English

Mobile Float Activity-Street Shows(Streamers, flyers, float skins, 3D art work,

Mass Awareness Mobile Float Activity


Dairy Guide (farm Managers) Dairy Farmers TrainingModule


95


Brochures (AIT. Farmer, Naveed-e-Subah, WLEW)

AIT. Farmer,WLEW

Brochures September 01, 2015 Urdu

MoU COMSATS (Backdrop. Namecards)

Dairy Project September 07, 2015 English

One Day Dairy Guide Dairy Farmer Module September 21, 2015 Urdu

Dairy Project Portal, Vol3-Issue 2 Mass Awareness September, 2015 English/Urdu

Mugs, keychains, Table Decorators and USBs

Dairy Project Branding Material

October 2015English/Urdu

Request for Expression of Interest (EOI) Pre-Qualification

Mass awareness Advertisement October 30 , 2015 English

Business and Employee cardsDairy Project’s PMU and Field Staff

Cards October 21, 2015 English

File Folders Dairy ProjectBranding Material

November 25, 2015Urdu/English

Writing Pads Dairy Project Stationary November 18, 2015 English

AIT Handbills AIT Brochure November 10, 2015 Urdu

keychains, mugs, coasters, table decorators, pen holders


November 2015 English

One Day Dairy Guide Farmer Module November 11, 2015 Urdu

AIT sign boards AIT Board December 12, 2015 Urdu

Request for technical and financial for bio gas unit

Mass awareness Advertisement December 29, 2015 Urdu

One Day Farmer Certificate Farmer Certificate December 29,2015 English

Backdrop, Standees and Table cards for Farm Managers (Graduation Ceremony)

Dairy ProjectBranding Material

December 2015 English

Writing Pad Dairy Project Stationary January 08, 2015 English

AIT - Practical Theory

AIT ModuleJanuary 20, 2016 January 24, 2016

Urdu

Seven Day Farm Certificate Farmer Certificate January 25, 2016 English

Employee Cards Dairy Project’s PMU and Field Staff

Cards January 21, 2016 English

96


WLEW handbills WLEW Handbill February 26, 2016 Urdu

Flexes (FMD Round Table conference)

Dairy ProjectBranding Material

February 24, 2016 English

Token books (Semen Subsidy campaign)

Dairy Project Token Books February 19, 2016 Urdu

Project Frames Dairy Project Stationary March 03, 2016 N/A

Brochure (Semen Subsidy campaign)

AIT Brochure March 10, 2016 Urdu

WLEW Record Register WLEW Register March 29, 2016 Urdu

Dairy Project Factsheet Mass awareness Factsheet March 30, 2016 English

Request for EOIs-Technical and Financial Proposals

Mass awareness Advertisement May 06, 2016 English

Card Holders Dairy Project Branding Material

May 05, 2016 English

Mugs Dairy Project Branding Material

May 27, 2016 English

Mugs, file folders and USBs Dairy ProjectBranding Material

May 2016 English

Caps Dairy Project Branding Material

June 08, 2016 English

Request for technical and finical proposal – Audit firms

Mass Awareness AdvertisementJune 10, 2016 June 14, 2016

English

Bags,Branded Mugs, Keychains, , caps, Penholders


June 2016 English

Farmer Dairy Guide: One-Day , Two- Day, Four-Days, Seven-Day, One-Month Farmer Dairy Guide

Farmer Module July 03, 2016 Urdu

AIT (Practical and Theory Books) AIT Module July 03, 2016 Urdu

WLEW New training (17 Booklets) WLEW Module July 03, 2016 Urdu

Newsletters Vol 4, Issue 2 Mass awareness Newsletter July 2016 English

Cow souvenirs Dairy Project Shield July 2016 English

Shields Dairy Project Shield July 2016 English

97


WLEW Sign Board WLEWMarketing Board

August 2016 English

WLEW Flex Streamers WLEW Flexes August 2016 English

WLEW Record Register WLEW Register August 2016 Urdu

WLEW Handbills WLEW Handbill August 2016 Urdu

A.I.T Record Register AIT Register August 2016 Urdu

A.I.T Handbills AIT Handbill August 2016 Urdu

Farm Board Farm Upgradation Board August 2016 Urdu

One Day Farmer Certificate Farmer Certificate August 2016 English

Racks Branding Dairy Project Branding August 2016 English

WLEW Certificates WLEW Certificate August 2016 English

Request for technical and financial proposal – Advertising agencies/Firms

Mass awareness Advertisement August 2016 English

Reports Mass awareness Reports September 2016 English

Dairy Project Branded Rack Mass Awareness Branding Material

September 2016English, Urdu

Event Backdrop, Banners,Steamers for Rolling Stands, Photo booth, invitation cards and shield for Motor bike distribution ceremony

AIT Flex Skins October 04, 2016 English

Event Backdrop, Banners,Steamers for Rolling Stands, SMD Screen, Photo booth, invitation cards and shield for Bio Gas Inauguration ceremony

Bio Gas Flex Skins December, 05 2016 English

Event Backdrop, Banners,Steamers for Rolling Stands, SMD Screen, Photo booth, invitation cards and shield for Dairy Project closeout event

Dairy Project Flex Skins January, 24 2017 English

USAID-DRDF Dairy Project Close Out Report 2011-2017 Published by The Dairy Project, with funding support of the United States Agency for International Development, under Dairy Rural Development Foundation, Pakistan. ©USAID-DRDF-Dairy Project Close Out Report 2011-2017 Lahore, Pakistan Report Developed By: Pakistan Development Consultants Aeyesha Gulzar Supervised by: Jakob Moser, Chief of Party, The Dairy Project Shumaila Jamil, Communications Manager, The Dairy Project Consultation Teams: Dairy Project Management and Field teams Dairy Project Communications Team USAID-AOR Dairy Project DRDF Board of Governors Dairy Project Steering Committee For more information: www.dairyproject.org.pk Acknowledgement This Final Report of the USAID-DRDF Dairy Project captures the design essence, implementation philosophy and impact on Pakistan’s Dairy Sector by The Dairy Project over the past five years. It encapsulates the hard work and diligent efforts of the staff of the Dairy Project complemented by the equal amount of effort and adaptability of the thousands of beneficiaries, service providers, vendors, project partners and stakeholders across Pakistan.

http://www.dairyproject.org.pk/ ©2017

PAKISTAN

Designed by 4H Printers

Documents

USAID-DRDFpdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00MKK7.pdf · USAID-DRDF Dairy Project ... 1.3 Project ManageMent and targets over Life of Project 12 ... Nestle Pakistan, who supported through