Using APFO’s Imagery Archive to Study Land Use Change

Zack Adkins, Nathan PughUSDA/FSA/APFO/Service Center Support SectionUSDA/FSA/APFO/Service Center Support Section

2009 USDA Imagery Planning Meeting

12/17/2009 1

O tliOutline

Introduction and Overview of Projects

h d l Methodology Projects

Sacramento Dallas

Questions

12/17/2009 2

I t d ti d O iIntroduction and Overview

Request from WDC Using FSA data, show what is

h i f d h l d happening to farm and ranch lands as a result of urban sprawl, land use change etcchange, etc.

Six areas of interestChicago Dallas Sacramento Raleigh Chicago, Dallas, Sacramento, Raleigh,

Springfield(MA), Chesapeake Bay area

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I t d ti d O iIntroduction and Overview

Resources Data

I CLU f d d t Imagery, CLU, farm records data

SoftwareESRI ERDAS GeoExpressESRI, ERDAS, GeoExpress

Personnel 10 employees in Geospatial Services p y p

Branch

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M th d lMethodology

f i i d Area of interest is created Based upon input from FSA Administrator and

further research

Image scans are requested Several years of historical imagery

Scans are georeferenced This process uses tie points which are locations

visible on both images to “Tie” the images visible on both images to Tie the images together so all locations match

Reference imagery varies: NAIP, MDOQ, DRG

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M th d lMethodology

Georeferenced images are mosaicked together and then compressedcompressed ERDAS Imagine and GeoExpress

Minimal dodging and color balancing Minimal dodging and color balancing are applied

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M th d lMethodology

Imagery analysis Supervised/Unsupervised

Cl ifi tiClassificationAg/Non-ag, crop type, general land

cover typesco e types

Manual ClassificationHeads-up digitizing of agricultural areasHeads-up digitizing to determine land

use for a small area

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M th d lMethodology

Oth d t l i Other data analysis DCP and ACRE data CLU

Loss of CLU over time Identifying potential non-agricultural CLU

Farm records dataFarm records data Crop type CRP data

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M th d lMethodology

G t fi l d t Generate final products Map layouts (hard and soft copy) Graphs, charts, tables, etc. PowerPoint show Project report

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P j t S tProject-Sacramento

Area of Interest along Sacramento River from current airport south to Pocket/GreenhavenPocket/Greenhaven

Study focusL f i lt ti Loss of agriculture over time

Loss of rice growing areas over time L d h f ifi Land use change for a specific area

CLU

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P j t S tProject-Sacramento

Imagery 1958, 1964, 1972, 1984, 1998, 2009

Other Data CLU, DCP/ACRE records

Data sources APFO, ESRI, FSA-California

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P j t S tProject-Sacramento

Agriculture loss over time Agricultural areas were manually

digitized for all years of imagery digitized for all years of imagery Acreage totals were analyzed for each

yearyear

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Total Agriculture Area for Each Year

51,980

60,000

Percent Agricultural Land for Area of Interest

70%

80%

31,710

38,15342,490

47,804

40,000

50,000

s 47.96%

53.42%

60.10%

65.35%

70.85%

60.14%

52.04%

46 58%

50%

60%

70%

23,189

20,000

30,000

Acre

s

29.15%

39.86%

46.58%

39.90%

34.65%

20%

30%

40%Agricultural

Non-Agricultural

0

10,000

1958 1964 1972 1984 1998 20090%

10%

1958 1964 1972 1984 1998 2009

12/17/2009 14

P j t S tProject-Sacramento

Rice cropland loss over time Rice growing areas were manually

digitized for all years of imagery digitized for all years of imagery Acreage totals were analyzed for each

yearyear

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Rice Acreage

25,000

Changes in Rice Acreage

8 000

9,000

15,000

20,000

s 5 000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Acreage Gained

10,000

Acre

s

2 000

3,000

4,000

5,000

Acr

es

g

Acreage Lost

0

5,000

1958 1964 1972 1984 1998 20090

1,000

2,000

1958 to 1964 1964 to 1972 1972 to 1984 1984 to 1998 1998 to 2009

12/17/2009 17

P j t S tProject-Sacramento

CLU enrollment in DCP/ACRE Farms enrolled in DCP/ACRE were

extracted from a tabular databaseextracted from a tabular database Farm data joined with CLU for Yolo and

Sacramento CountiesSacramento Counties

Identifying CLU enrolled in programs that may no longer be p g y gagricultural

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12/17/2009 19

CLU Enrolled in DCP

433,558450,000

500,000

238 341

282,305300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

es Sacramento238,341

100 000

150,000

200,000

250,000

Acr

e Sacramento

Yolo

52,109

0

50,000

100,000

Total CLU Total Enrolled in DCP or ACRE

Total AcresTotal Acres

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P j t S tProject-Sacramento

Land use change over time Area of interest in Pocket/Greenhaven

1 3 il 1.3 square miles

10 land cover class types Farmland water road railroad Farmland, water, road, railroad,

residential, commercial/industrial, forest/woodland, recreational, farm, otherClass t pes man all digiti ed Class types manually digitized

1958 and 2009

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Land Use as a Percent of the Total Area of Interest

70%

80%

40%

50%

60%

70%

19582009

0%

10%

20%

30%

farm

land

resid

entia

l

wat

er

road

s

railr

oads

omm

ercia

l/ind

ustri

alfo

rest

/woo

dlan

d

farm

s

othe

r

recr

eatio

n

com

12/17/2009 24

Total Change in Land Use: 1958-2009

500

600

farm th

forest/woodlandf l d

100

200

300

400

water

farm other

recreationalcommercial/industrial

woodlandfarmland

residential road railroad

-300

-200

-100

0

Acre

s

700

-600

-500

-400

300

-700

12/17/2009 25

P j t D llProject-Dallas

Area of Interest near Plano Study focus

Loss of agricultural land over time Land use change for a specific area CLU – DCP – CRP – Farm Records

12/17/2009 2612/17/2009 26

12/17/2009 2712/17/2009 27

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P j t D llProject-Dallas

Imagery 1964, 1972, 1980, 1990, 1998, 2008

Other Data CLU, DCP/ACRE records, CRP, Farm

RecordsRecords

Data sourcesAPFO ESRI FSA Texas FSA APFO, ESRI, FSA-Texas, FSA-Washington, DC

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P j t D llProject-Dallas

Agriculture loss over time Agricultural areas were manually

digitized for all years of imagery digitized for all years of imagery Acreage totals were analyzed for each

yearyear

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P j t D llProject-Dallas

Example of CRP enrollment with Imagery

Ch k CRP ith t d Check CRP program with current and historical imagery

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P j t D llProject-Dallas

CLU enrollment in DCP Farms enrolled in DCP were extracted

from a tabular databasefrom a tabular database DCP data joined with CLU for Collin

County, TexasCounty, Texas Identifying Urban CLU potentially

enrolled in agricultural programs

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P j t D llProject-Dallas

d h i Land use change over time Area of interest in Plano

9 square miles 9 square miles 10 land cover class types

Farmland, water, road, railroad, residential, commercial/industrial forest/woodland commercial/industrial, forest/woodland, recreational, Farm Facilities, other

Class types manually digitizedP R lt ith A t t d Cl ifi ti Poor Results with Automated Classification

1964 and 2008

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Project-Dallas-1964

Commercial/Industrial

F F ilitiFarm Facilities

Farmland

Forest/Woodland

Grassland/Pasture

Other

Railroad

Recreational

Residential

Roads

Water

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Project-Dallas-2008

Commercial/Industrial

F F ilitiFarm Facilities

Farmland

Forest/Woodland

Grassland/Pasture

Other

Railroad

Recreational

Residential

Roads

Water

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90%100%

50%

60%70%

80%

2008 Land Use

10%

20%30%

40%2008 Land Use1964 Land Use

0%10%

rcial/In

dustr

ialFarm

Facilitie

sFarm

landes

t/Woo

dland

sland

/Pasture

Other

Railroa

dRec

reatio

nal

Reside

ntial

Road

Water

Commerc Fa

ForesGras

sl R

12/17/2009 4012/17/2009 40

523 270

59

1,067

1,062

C i l/I d t i l

253

230

23

F

4,836

4,566

270

F l d

157

98 F t/W dl dCommercial/Industrial Farm ,Farmland 98 Forest/Woodland

465

14

54

6

8 489

Facilities

465

451Grassland/Pasture

54

48 Other

8

Railroad

489

489Recreational

145 305 2

3,086

145

2 941

1,121

305

47

2

45

1964 Land Use 2008 Land Use

2,941

Residential 816 Road45

Water

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Q ti ?Questions?

12/17/2009 4212/17/2009 42