Using MATLAB & Simulink to Develop Renewable Energy

Using MATLAB & Simulink to Develop Renewable Energy Technologies

Craig Wale

Marcus Hill

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supersede this information in its entirety.

Commercial in Confidence and Copyright Carnegie Clean Energy Limited 2

Commercial in Confidence and Copyright Carnegie Clean Energy Limited

Carnegie Clean Energy

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• ASX listed

• Developer of utility scale renewable energy projects

• Global leader in the delivery of solar, battery, wave and hybrid energy solutions

• Team of over 100 across engineering, analysis, corporate, commercial, offshore, operations, maintenance, electrical, mechanical

• Business model across the full value chain of design, development, finance, construction, operation and maintenance


Ocean Energy

• There are two basic sources of energy in our oceans.

Wave EnergyTidal Energy


Wave Energy

• Particles in the ocean move elliptically.

• Motion decreases as you get closer to the sea floor.

• Capturing this motion – the kinetic energy – and transforming

it into electrical energy is the purpose of a Wave Energy

Converter (WEC).

CETO works here

Source: Wikipedia


Global Wave Resource

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(Gunn, K & Stock-Williams, C 2012, ‘Quantifying the global wave power resource’, Renewable Energy, vol. 44, pp 296-304)


Wave Energy Converters

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• 200+ wave energy converter (WEC) developers world-wide. (http://www.emec.org.uk)

• Seven main methods of capturing energy:

openei.org

http://bps.energywww.pelamiswave.com/

www.bomborawavepower.com.au

metamorphosisproject.org http://subseaworldnews.com

1. Attenuator

2. Submerged Pressure Differential

2. Overtopping 3. Rotating Mass

7. Point Absorber

4. Oscillating Wave Surge Converter (OSWC)

6. Oscillating Water Column (OWC)


CETO Development Pathway

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Scale models & wave tank testing

at Fremantle

Proof of Concept

prototype at Fremantle

3x 1kW CETO2 prototypes at

Fremantle

80kW CETO3 prototype at Fremantle

1999

2016

2003

2006

2009

2011

CommercialRollout

Perth Wave Energy Project:

3x 240kW CETO5 Units at Garden Island, Power and

water production

Albany Wave Energy Project:1.5MW CETO6 Unit

demonstration project

2020

• CCE invested $118m on the CETO technology over 6 generations.

• CETO advantages: - Consistent and predictable power output- Scalable and suitable for large arrays- Submerged: reduced exposure to corrosion and breaking waves- Environmentally friendly, attracts marine life & minimal visual impact

• Only device operated in an array of 3 Units, grid connected over 4 seasons.

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CETO 6


MathWorks® Tools

• Physical modelling using Simulink® with Simscape™ toolboxes

• Simscape Fluids™

• Simscape Power Systems™

• Simscape Multibody™

• MATLAB® for post-processing data

• 3rd party modelling tools such as WEC-Sim

• Moving towards Real-time with Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL)


Simulink® with Simscape™

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• Power Take-Off (PTO) converts mechanical energy into electrical energy ready for export to the power grid

• PTO controls the motions and forces

• Requires a multi-domain physical Simscape™ model

• Parallel simulations

• Virtual prototyping saves time and cost, allowing concepts to be tested and quickly iterated.

Simulation Manager makes it easy to interrogate parallel simulation workers


Levels of Complexity

• Open-loop simulations are quick, inputs can be:

• PTO can also be placed inside a Linear Time Domain (LTD) hydrodynamic MATLAB® and Simulink® package known as ‘WEC-Sim’

• Sinusoidal• Recorded signals from

previous projects

• From CFD simulations• Recorded signals from

wave tank testing etc.

• Variant sub-systems allow complexity to be changed as required, shortening computation time


Closing the loop with Simscape Multibody™ and WEC-Sim

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• WEC-Sim is an open-source project developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories.

• Uses Simulink™ to combine physical and multibody simulations.

• Quick estimation of unit behaviour with visualisations.


Closing the loop with Simscape Multibody™ and WEC-Sim

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Data processing with MATLAB®

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• Tank testing campaign recently at the COAST Wave Tank at Plymouth University.

• 500+ tests conducted over 3 weeks.

• Time series post-processed in MATLAB® at the end of each day by Perth team.

• Findings relayed back to UK team to ensure testing was as efficient as possible.

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Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation with Simulink Real-Time™

• Rapid control prototyping

• Integration of physical hardware into Simulink modelling.

• Successfully implementing HiL into our design process will help us:

o Reduce cost

o Identify issues earlier

o Test controllers in extreme scenarios

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HiL: Trial One

• Aim:

• Develop dynamic system model

• Communicate with physical hardware

• Simulate in real-time

• Reasoning:

• Validate PLC code early

• Reduce commissioning costs

• Results:

• Implemented dynamic model

• Communicated with PLC hardware

• Real-time capability not achieved due to power electronics


HiL: Trial Two

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• Aim:• Run PTO plant model on a real-time Speedgoat machine.• Run PTO controller model on a Bachmann MX220• Communication using Modbus TCP/IP.

• Run simulation in Real-Time

• Reasoning:• Test feasibility of getting PTO model running in real-time.

• Trial real-time Speedgoat machine• Trial Bachmann PLC

• Measures of Success:• Real-time simulation• Accurate results


HiL: Trial Two

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• The PTO model was separated into distinct ‘Plant’ and ‘Controller’ sub-models.

• Modbus TCP/IP communication between Plant and Controller

• Code generation for both the Speedgoat and the Bachmann MX220 was simple and intuitive.


HiL: Trial Two

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HiL: Trial Two

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• Ideal torque matched simulated torque.

• TET: • Min 0.006854 at t = 6.9,

• Max 57.8949 at t=124.29

• Average TET is 0.0279

• Model base sample rate 0.01 seconds

• Simulation did NOT occur in real-time


HiL: Next Steps

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• Trial was a success.

• However, Real-time simulation not achieved.

• Speedgoat and the Bachmann MX220 worked very well together.

• Carnegie is working with MathWorks to integrate HIL into our development cycle.


Albany Wave Energy Project

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• Currently in design phases • Install in the 2019/2020 summer


Albany Wave Energy Project

Design, fabrication and

operation of one

1.5MW CETO 6 Unit

Stimulate growth in

MRE sector

Enable pre-commercial

CETO array

Transfer of common

user infrastructure to

WA state

Improve economy and

provide employment

Albany/State

Operation for 1

year at Albany

AWEP


AWEP Support

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• Support from the WA State Government through Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development: $15.75m.

• Support from Australian Government through ARENA (Australian Renewable Energy Agency): $11.7m of a $13m grant.


Wave Energy Research Centre - WERC

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• CCE is driving national and international R&D projects:

• Collaborations with 11 research institutions and 23 companies

• Portfolio of R&D project >$11m

• CCE’s R&D focuses on reducing long term LCOE of CETO, while increasing energy conversion efficiency

• UWA was granted $3.75m from WA state to establish WERC in Albany and support CCE in the development of

AWEP.

• WERC will draw together UWA’s world class research capabilities and CCE's world leading CETO technology

and existing Australian and international research relationships.

Thank YouCraig Wale

Mechanical Engineer

[email protected]

Marcus Hill

Electrical Engineer

[email protected]

Documents

Using MATLAB & Simulink to Develop Renewable Energy