Using Your Arduino, Breadboard and Multimeter

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your multimeter

standard leadswith probes

You will use the multimeter to understand and troubleshoot circuits, mostlymeasuring DC voltage, resistance and DC current.

turn knob to what youwould like to measure

leads with end clipsgood for working with robot wiring

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the Arduino Uno

USB cable plug

external power plug

14 digital I/O pins (I/O = input / output)

microcontroller(the brains)power can be provided through the USB

cable (5V) or using external power plug

power pins

on-board voltageregulator

analog input pins4

measure VinVin will be the same as your power supply voltage. The battery pack here has4 AA batteries, resulting in approximately 6V (5.88V was measured)

turn to DC Volts

GND = ground (negative)

Vin = power supply voltage 5

press stripped wires intoGND and Vin pins

turn to DC Volts

GND = ground (negative)

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press stripped wires intoGND and 5V pins

check voltage at 5V power pinThe on-board voltage regulator reduces the voltage from Vin down to about 5V

5V = power from on-board voltage regulator

turn to DC Volts

GND = ground (negative)

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press stripped wires intoGND and 3.3V pins

3.3V power pin

check voltage at 3V3 pinThe Arduino also has an on-board voltage regulator that outputs 3.3V.

Select Resistors Find the 470W and the 10kW resistors from your parts kit.

Now, find the 10kW resistor.

Example: 470W resistor:

4 = yellow7 = violetAdd 1 zero to 22 to make 470, so 1 = brown

So, 470 = yellow, violet, brown

color digit

black 0

brown 1

red 2

orange 3

yellow 4

green 5

blue 6

violet 7

gray 8

white 9

firstdigit

seconddigit

numberof zeros

tolerancegold = ±5%

silver = ±20%

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R = 4.62kW

Check Resistance of Resistors

470W resistor

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set multimeter tomeasure W

LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes)

Electricity can only flow one way through an LED (or any diode). The flat spot on the LED must be connected to ground (GND).

Diagram from Wikipedia description of an LED

electronic symbol

+ -

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the holes (pins) touched by the blue lines are connected11

breadboards make it easy to connect wires

breadboards

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these pins are connected

these pins are not connected

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connect 5V and GNDpins to breadboard

run power to your breadboardthis makes it convenient to power circuits from the “bus strip” rows

use wire strippers to trim wire and remove insulation from both ends of wire

you can secure the ends of the wire into a drill chuck to create a quick braid

building an LED circuit

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short leg of LED goes to GND

another way to build the LED circuit

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short leg of LED goes to GND

the circuit

5V+

-

470W

470W

5V

these circuit diagramsare equivalent

symbol for ground (Gnd)16

Replace the 470 W Resistor with the 10kW ResistorWhat happens and Why??

ANSWER: The smaller resistor (470W) provides less resistance to current thanthe larger resistor (10kW). Since more current passes through the smallerresistor, more current also passes through the LED making it brighter.

What would happen if you forgot to put in a resistor? You would probably burn up your LED.

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The End