Vaga Associates

The value of leisure and culture to Enfield

9th March 2004

Nikki Enoch,

Mike Collins & Simon Parkinson

Crime and Disorder Partnership

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Value of Leisure and Cultural Services

Project Brief

Commissioned October 2003 to Summarise available national research Apply research locally Identify priorities and partnerships with the ESP

thematic groups

Funded by Neighbourhood Renewal

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Introduction to the Team

Mike Collins Internationally recognised researcher on leisure and social

exclusionSimon Parkinson Chair of the Leisure and Cultural Services Group with local

knowledge and contactsMe Director of Vaga Associates with 15 years experience of sport &

leisure at local, regional and national levels

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Presentation

Value of leisure and culture Priorities of the Leisure and Cultural Services Group Focus on youth crime Information sources Your views

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The Value of Leisure & Culture

 

 

Crime diversion

Health & well being

Leisure & Culture

Educational attainment & employment

Personal development & community building

Putting Enfield First

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Physical Activity

Health Benefits

Require:

5 x 30 minutes

every week

Home, work & hobbies

Sport & exercise

Government Target (DCMS 2002)

70% population ‘active’ by 2020

Current level: 32% and static!

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Prevalence of CHD Risk factors

0

20

40

60

80

% o

f P

op

ula

tio

n

men

women

Source: Joint Healthy Survey Study 1999

Economic Cost of CHD

£7.06b annually

Source: Liu, Maniadakis, Gray & Raynor 2002

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Best Start in LifeYoung Person Centred

Learning and Attainment

“Drama, dance, movement, words,images and music – all stimulate the brain to learn” University of the First Age

Physical

e.g. Heart capacity set when 8-12 years old

Social / Emotional

Experiencing winning & losing

Working as part of a team

Discipline and self control

Putting Enfield First

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Enfield Young People

Attitudes to Sport

Source: Enfield Year 6 & 9 Sports Survey 2003

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Like alot

Like alittle

Neitherlike ordislike

Don'tlike itvery

much

Don'tlike itat all

%

Year 6

Year 9

Putting Enfield First

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Enfield Young People

Participation Levels

Source: Enfield Year 6 & 9 Sports Survey 2003

Putting Enfield First

010

20304050

607080

90100

Fun & Fitness

Extra-curriculum

Clubs

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Enfield Citizens Views

Most important reasons

for play

Major concerns about

Unsupervised play

Most urgent priorities

from community safety audit

56% Physical health & development54% Development of social skills54% Safer environment for children40% Reduction in youth crime

80% Meeting strangers52% Victim of crime

63% Reducing violent crime51% Dealing with antisocial behaviour48% Reducing town centre/street crime46% Encouraging young people from crime

Source: Citizens Panel Surveys 2001 & 2003

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Value of Leisure and Cultural Services

CONCLUSIONS

Health benefits proven and known Young people need it and enjoy it Some young people don’t get it Drop out in teenage years Citizens recognise its value for reducing youth crime

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Leisure & Culture Partnership

Emerging Priorities

Overall Lead

“Increase the provision of accessible and affordable youth activities, including new and better ways to divert young people away from crime and anti-social behaviour, and involve young people in the design and delivery of activities”

Priority Actions for Commissioning Plan Health improvement Crime diversionary activities for young people Raise educational attainment Build capacity and organisational development

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Youth Crime

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Reducing Youth CrimeHigh Costs

Facts

70% of youth crime committed by 7- 8% youths Huge cost of incarceration 76% re-offend within two years £2,300 savings from preventing a single youth crime (Cooper &

Lybrand 1994) 46% affected in C2DE groups by kids ‘hanging about’ (res2003) £1.5m annually to deal with crime related damage in one street

in Braunstone, Leics.

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Reducing Youth CrimeEnfield Crime & Disorder Strategy

Street crime 42% victims are males under 17 years 54% suspects are males under 20 years

Approach for safer children and young people Youth diversion – provision of activities Restorative justice – encourage offenders to consider the

consequences

Actions (six in total) Increase the number of projects for vulnerable young people to divert

them from entering criminal justice

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Reducing Youth CrimeReaching those most at Risk

Research carried between1995 and 2000 revealed that ‘Young people at risk of offending lacked variety in their leisure experiences...They represent a minority group with extremely ‘impoverished leisure’ (McCormack 2000)

Examples: Scott and Jason life histories• Six changes in care situation 10 -16 years• Four geographic moves• No contact with father• Sports activities stopped when entering care• Good at sports, enjoyed activity

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Reducing Youth CrimeReaching those most at Risk

Lessons• Life history showed need to support leisure in childhood• Leisure patterns of young offenders demonstrated very low levels of

sports participation• Financial accessibility was a key constraint• Low self confidence & peer pressure contributed to low participation• Lack adult encouragement for constructive leisure activity and sport• Knowledge of leisure opportunity was very low

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Reducing Youth CrimeLevels of Intervention

CAUSES OF DELINQUENCY TYPE LEVEL OF INTERVENTION Poverty Constructive Leisure Residential setting PRIMARY Parental control Adventure Diversion Welfare Peer group Sport Boredom SECONDARY Diversion Socialisation Motor Sport Status seeking TERTIARY Rehabilitation Retribution Atonement Excitement Labelling

Source: McCormack 20002

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Reducing Youth CrimeStreet Sport – Stoke on Trent

USING RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES WITH YOUNG PEOPLE AS AN APPROACH TO PROMOTING HARMONY IN

COMMUNITIES

Features•High unemployment•Low prosperity•Areas of poor housing•Lone parent families•Lack of leisure facilities for young people•Raised level of concern about crime•Concern about young people hanging about on streets

Approach•Reconnaissance process•Outreach provision•Regular sessions•Community events•Sports courts

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Reducing Youth CrimeStreet Sport – Stoke on Trent

“The Street Sport team helped us to form a football team, we have now played for two seasons and are a strong team on and off the

field,….we needed their help to get motivated”

(Stanfields, interview 1999).

Impact•Meeting the needs of young people•Supporting young people through sport•Reducing friction between young people and older residents

Demonstrates the potential for sport to be an effective primary level

intervention as both a diversion and education for young people

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A national sports based social inclusion programmeFirst annual report

67 projects – 35,000 young people• 72% male – 28% female• 20% non white

85% - meaningfully engaged 14,000 – signs of progress

• Educational improvement• Training• Joining a club• Social relationships• Personal development

36%-57% increased confidence by partners

Reducing Youth Crime Positive Futures

“Its been fantastic, my first proper chance to do sport although I’ve always been

interested”

Krisham Singh

•Started by playing football

•Leaders award

•FA level one award

•First aid training

•Runs sessions

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Reducing Youth CrimeEmerging Practice in Enfield

‘Magnet’ projects Homework Centres Black History Month Partnership working Young people:

• Involvement• Mentors & role models

Raynham Park

•Community engagement

•Young people involved in design & development

•Genuine partnership

•Promising results

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Enfield Sport and Crime Reduction Group

Membership EBC Sports Development Police – youth and community ‘Active communities’ Youth Service Connexions Youth Offending Team Others

Making connexions Summer splash all year round Reaching those most at need Mapping what exists Inter-agency referral system

Priorities After school activities Inter estate football Craig Park Young persons gym, Edmonton

Leisure Centre

support and formal recognitionsupport and formal recognition

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Leisure and Cultural Partnership Group

Proposals

1. Craig park – joint priority with Better Enfield Group

2. United Estates – add sports and physical activity dimension

3. Evaluation & sustainability – improve understanding of local impact of diversionary schemes

4. Black History Month – a magnet with year round activities and themes

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Reducing Youth Crime Research Themes

Diversion alone – more harm than good? Very short term and unconnected Raise expectations and result in higher frustrations Unproven (what happens between times)

Diversion plus – ‘hooking in’ & building relationships Appeal factor Joined up Extended ‘reach’ Broader range of activities Confidence and aspirations Connected to other services

Individual Support – structural change Personal mentors and programmes

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The value of leisure & culture for health

Conclusions

Overall Proven benefits Proven need Proven support

Leisure & CultureLeisure & Culture

Part of the cause and part of the solution!Part of the cause and part of the solution!

Those Most at Risk Leisure deprivation Multiple issues Multiple approaches Long term & costly Cheaper than crime!

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The value of leisure & culture to Enfield

References (1)

Armstrong, J., Reilly, J.J. & Child Health Information Team – Information Statistics Division, Edinburgh. (2001). Assessment of the National Child Health Surveillance System as a tool for obesity surveillance at national and health board level. www.show.scot.nhs.uk

Arts Council for England (2002) Arts in health London:ACEBritton, A. and McPherson, K. (In Press). Monitoring the progress of the 2010 target for coronary heart disease

mortality London: National Heart ForumBMA (2002) Priorities for Health Background Briefing Paper, Scottish Parliament Central Council of Physical Recreation (2002A) Saving lives, saving money: physical activity - the best buy in

public health London: The CCPRChinn, S. & Rona, R.J. (2001). Prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity in three cross sectional studies

of British Children, 1974-1994. British Medical Journal. 322: 24-26.Coalter, F. (2001a) Realising the potential of cultural services: the case for sport; (2001b) the case for the arts;

( 2001c) The case for libraries; (2001d); The case for museums; (2001e) The case for tourism; (2001f); The case for urban parks, spaces,and the countryside; (2001g) The case for children’s play London: Local Government Association

Coalter, F. (2002) Sport and Community Development a manual Research Report 86 Edinburgh: sportscotlandCoalter, F. (2003) Measuring the impact of sport (unpublished lecture) University of StirlingCoalter, F., Allison, M.. and Taylor, J . (2000) The role of sport in regenerating deprived urban areas Edinburgh:

Scottish Executive Central Research UnitCollins, M. F. (2003) Sport and social capital London: RoutledgeCollins, M.F. et al (1999) Sport and the arts paper for Policy Action Team 10 London: DCMSCountryside Agency (2001a) Walking for Health –the first randomised trial CR Note 18 Cheltenham: CACountryside Agency et al (2003) The use of public parks in England Cheltenham: CA

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The value of leisure & culture to Enfield

References (2)

DCMS (1999) Sport and Arts: Policy Action Team 10 report London: DCMS

DCMS (1999) Libraries for All London:DCMS

DCMS (2002a) Game Plan: implementing the government’s strategy for sport London: DCMS

DCMS (2002b) Social impact of museums: centres for social change London:DCMS

Department of Health (2002) Tackling health inequalities: consultation on a plan for delivery London: DoH

Enfield Council (2001) Sports strategy for Enfield 2001-2005 Enfield: LB Enfield

Enfield Council ( 2002a) Enfield’s future, draft Community strategy Enfield:LB Enfield

Enfield Council (2002b) Leisure strategy Enfield:LBE

Enfield Council (2002c) Neighbourhood Renewal Strategy: Residerts in priority neighbourhoods Enfield:LB Enfield

Enfield Council (2002d) Toward neighbourhood renewal : a draft strategy Enfield: LB Enfield

Enfield Council (2003a) Enfield residents 2003 Enfield:LB Enfield

Enfield Council (2003b) Voluntary and community sector funding paper Cabinet meeting 25.6.03

Gorard, S. and Taylor, C. (2001) The composition of Specialist Schools: track record and future prospect School Leadership and Management 21,4 365-81

Health Development Agency (1999) Social capital and health London:HDA

Health Education Authority (1999) Physical activity and inequalities London: HEA

Health Education Authority (1999) Art for health: Social capital for health summary London: HEA

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The value of leisure & culture to Enfield

References (3)

Home Office (2004) Positive Futures Impact Report Engaging with Young PeopleJoint Health Survey’s Unit (1999). Health Survey for England: Cardiovascular Disease 1998. London: The

Stationery Office.Joint Health Surveys Unit. (2000). The Scottish Health Survey, 1998. London: Joint Health Surveys UnitJackson, A. (2003) Doing it ourselves: Learning to challenge social exclusion through the voluntary arts London:

Department for Education and SkillsLadd, J. and Davis, L. (2003) Guide to best practice in sport and urban regeneration London: British Urban

Regeneration AssociationLong, J.et al (2002) Count me in! London:DCMSDr F McCormack (2002) Active Leisure and Young PeopleOffice for National Statistics. (2000). The mental health of children and adolescents in Great Britain: Summary

Report. London: NSO.Reeves, M. (2002) Measuring the social and economic impact of the arts: A review London: Arts Council of

EnglandRiddoch,C., Puig-Ribera,A. and Cooper,A. (1998) Effectiveness of physical activity promotion schemes in

primary car: A review London: Health Education AuthorityPrentice, A. M. and Jebb, S. A. (1995) Obesity in Britain: gluttony or sloth? BMJ 333, 437-39Splash National Support Team (2003) Splash 2002 Final Report London: Youth Justice Board/Cap Gemini

Ernst Young www.homeoffice.gov.uk accessed 14.7.03Sport England et al (2002) Positive Futures: a review of impact and good practice Summary report London: SE

 

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The value of leisure & culture for health

Your views

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Leisure and Cultural Partnership Group

Any further thoughts, evidence or contributions please

contact us:

Tel: 07989 351047

nikki@vagaassociates.com

Thank youThank you