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Values and Image in Nursing
May 29, 2008
Objectives
1. Examine personal and professional values and their impact on decision making and professional behavior.
2. Explore the image of contemporary nursing.
VALUESPersonal beliefs about worthAct as standard to guide
behavior
What is a Value System?
Framework on which actions are based
Value Systems at UNF
UNF Mission StatementThe University of North Florida (UNF) is a comprehensive public urban university whose mission is to educate students through a broad array of undergraduate and select graduate programs. The University of North Florida is dedicated to excellence in teaching, scholarship, and service; and the engagement of students in a personal, supportive, and challenging learning environment. In fulfilling its mission, the University seeks to contribute to the betterment of society.
UNF Nursing Student Handbook, p. 8
Value Systems at UNFCOH Mission Statement
The mission of the College of Health is to educate students in the health professions through excellence and innovation in teaching, scholarship and service.
Goal Statements Ensure program quality by using internal and external accountability measures to
systematically evaluate undergraduate and graduate programs. Maximize personal and professional growth of faculty and staff by supporting
teaching, research, and service. Manage program expansion by responding to community needs and interests that
are within the constraints of available resources. Advance teaching and research objectives through acquisition and support of
effective technologies. Respond to regional health needs and priorities by enhancing partnerships in the
community. Maintain program integrity by conducting ongoing internal review of organizational
structure. Acknowledge societal pluralism by increasing the diversity of the faculty, staff and
students. Augment cultural understanding by implementing diverse learning opportunities for
faculty and students. Enhance learning and scholarship by securing external support. Contribute to the collective intellectual life on campus by participating in activities
involving faculty, students and staff from other departments and colleges.
Value Systems at UNF
SON Mission StatementTo educate nursing students at beginning and advanced levels through excellence and innovation in teaching, scholarship and service.
(what we are here to do)UNF Nursing Student Handbook, p. 8
Value Systems at UNF
SON Vision StatementTo be a center for excellence in nursing education; recognized for innovation, scholarship, and service in the preparation of professional nurses who advocate for health and who collaboratively care for individuals, families, communities and populations throughout the life cycle in a variety of settings.
(what we’d like to be) UNF Nursing Student Handbook, p. 8
Value Systems at UNF
SON Values StatementThe School fosters a commitment to values, attitudes and ethical dimensions, including integrity, respect, collaboration, cooperation and social justice that are hallmarks of professional nursing. The School is committed to upholding and maintaining both professional nursing standards and a code of ethics for nursing.
UNF Nursing Student Handbook, p. 8
ANA Value System
Standards of Professional PerformanceQuality of practiceEducationProfessional practice evaluationCollegialityCollaborationEthicsResearchResource utilizationLeadership (how do we do our standards of care)
AACN Value System
AltruismAutonomyHuman DignityIntegritySocial Justice(integral to professional nursing
practice)
AACN Essentials of Baccalaureate Education (see UNF Nursing Student Handbook, p. 40
Class Exercise
AltruismElizabeth A, Sabrina, Sheila, Ro, Liz
AutonomyShannon, Britta, Kara, Ricky, Crystal
Human DignityMiranda, Melissa, Heather, Jennifer, Kat
IntegritySusan, Tiffany, Cynthia, Lauren
Social JusticeAshley, Dawn, Brittany, Wendy
Class Exercise
What is it?Go into your books and out on the
Internet to find definitionsThen create your own definition by
consensus of the group How would you know it if you saw it?
Find images/pictures in your books or on the Internet that convey the essence of your definition
Altruism: Concern for the welfare and well being of others
Demonstrate understanding of cultures, beliefs, and perspectives of others.
Advocate for patients, particularly the most vulnerable.
Take risks on behalf of patients and colleagues.
Mentor other professionals(giving H1N1 vaccinations b/c it is the
right thing to do, not for community hours)
AACN Essentials of Baccalaureate Education
Autonomy: Right to self-determination
Plan care in partnership with patients
Honor the right of patients and families to make decisions about health care
Provide information so patients can make informed choices
AACN Essentials of Baccalaureate Education
Human Dignity: Respect inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals/populations
Provide culturally competent and sensitive care
Protect the patient's privacyPreserve the confidentiality of
patient's and health care providersDesign care with sensitivity to
individual patient needs
AACN Essentials of Baccalaureate Education
Integrity: act according to appropriate code of ethics/accepted standards of practice
Provide honest information to patients and the public
Document care accurately and honestly
Seek to remedy errors made by self or others
Demonstrate accountability for own actions
AACN Essentials of Baccalaureate Education
Social Justice: upholding moral, legal, and humanistic principles
Support fairness and non-discrimination in the delivery of care
Promote universal access to health care
Encourage legislation and policy consistent with the advancement of nursing care and health care
AACN Essentials of Baccalaureate Education
So … what do values have to do with nursing image?
IMAGEA representation of a person or thing
A type, typical example, symbol, embodimentA mental picture of something, conception, idea, impression
And …. Why Are We Concerned?
Do you think that nurses ... nursing has image problems?
Two Views of Nursing
External ImageInternal Image
Two Views of Nursing
External ImageHow nurses are portrayed
• Media• Print
How others view nurses and nursing• Patients and families (generally have a
good impression of us…. See the value of what we do)
• Administrators• Other health care providers• The public in general
External View
The External View
Sairy Gamp from Charles Dickens, Martin Chuzzlewit (1844)
The External View
The External View
The External View
The External View
The External View
The External View
The External View
The External View
Nursing, like teaching, has long been considered a woman's profession It was one of few options for women who
wanted a career. As career opportunities for women began
to open up in the 1970s and blossom in the 1980s, fewer chose nursing. Public money and public opinion supported
women choosing professions that had been previously closed to them, such as law, engineering or medicine
Many considered nursing a second-class option.
The External View
The image of nursing took another serious blow during the recession and downsizing that began in the 1980sGraduates had a difficult time finding
jobs. Stories of layoffs and cutbacks gave
many the impression that nursing was not a good field to work in
Some nurses have not forgotten that period,
The External View
According to public opinion polls, nurses are seen as trustworthy, capable and conscientious caregivers, critical to the health care system.
A 2002 poll by Vanderbilt University's Medical Center's School of Nursing and Center for Health Services Research in Nashville, TN showed that 95 percent of Americans overwhelmingly trust,
respect and admire nurses83 percent would encourage a loved one to
enter the nursing profession.
The External View
When asked how they would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in the fields below as "very high", "high," "average," "low" or "very low," 84 percent of Americans reported nurses have "very high" or "high" standards.
Firefighters NURSES U.S. military Police Officers Pharmacists Medical doctors Clergy
The External View
There is, however, a gap in the awareness that people-especially young people-have of what nurses do. Most do not know that nursing offers career
opportunities besides patient care. Many do not understand the differences
between licensed practical nurses, registered nurses and nurse practitioners.
And most Americans have little or no idea that starting salaries in nursing compete with those of other professions.
The External View
Information from the Vanderbilt study and others show that most Americans see nurses primarily as bedside caregivers and have little understanding about what else they do.
A study of 1,800 American schoolchildren in 2005 found that most saw nursing as scary and stressful, with little chance of advancement and terrible hours.
Nurse recruiters who talk to high school students and young adults about nursing said they routinely hear comments such as "I don't like blood," and "I don't want to work nights."
The External View
According to a 2001 Johnson & Johnson study:Only half of Americans know that RNs must
have a bachelor's or an associate's degree. Fewer than one in five know that nurses must
be licensed. Less than 20 percent of Americans know that
RNs must have continual education. More than two in three Americans do not know
that nurse practitioners are allowed to prescribe drugs.
The External View
According to the Johnson & Johnson study:While most know that nurses are responsible
for bedside care, administering IVs, giving injections and drawing blood, fewer than four in 10 people know that nurses are involved in reducing health care costs, working in laboratories or writing and revising hospital and clinic policies.
http://www.nurseweek.com/news/features/02-06/image.asp
External View
Two Views of Nursing
Internal ImageHow nurses see themselves as
individualsHow nurses envision the profession
Internal Image
An Australian study was performed with 80 RNs to identify the relationships between nurses' perception of common public stereotypes of their profession, nurses' self-concept, self-esteem, job satisfaction, and performance.
Internal Image
The results suggest that nurses' perception of the public stereotyping of
nursing is related to the development of their self-concept, collective self-esteem, and job satisfaction, all of which are associated with their performance
encouraging professional socialization and cultivation of positive, personal self-esteem to ward off the negative influences of public stereotypes on nursing practice is important
Kershaw, T.M., & Burt, I. (2002). Does public image of nurses matter? Journal of Professional Nursing, 18, 196-205.
Internal Image
A qualitative study investigated nurses’ accounts of their work and found thatNurses saw their role and their
professional practice as positive to the extent that they could see good in the work they do.
Value in their work was tied to making a difference to patients• Providing care that made their patients feel
better.Pask, E.J. (2003). Moral agency in nursing: seeing value in the
work and believing that I make a difference. Nursing Ethics, 10, 165-174.
Internal Image
Changing the Image of
Nurses & Nursing
What have been the past efforts of changing the image of nurses and nursing ...?
Past Strategies for Change
The focus has generally been on changing the nursing profession.
Has this strategy for change been effective?
Hint #1...
To change a large group requires a concrete plan that is effective over time
Hint #2...
The basic image of the nursing profession has already been established
The answer is,
‘no’,
changing the image of the nursing profession has not been sufficiently effective
A More Efficient Strategy of Change
Changing the self-image of the individual nurse
Self Image Model for the Nursing Profession
A B C D
Thoughts & Self-Image Actions & Image ofBeliefs of of the Performance Nursingthe Nurse Nurse & Achievement
Profession of the Nurse
St. Francis Xavier University
(A) The Nurse’s Thoughts & Beliefs leads to (B) Self-Image of the Nurse
A B C D
Thoughts & Self-Image Actions & Image of
Beliefs of of the Performance Nursing
the Nurse Nurse & Achievement Profession
of the Nurse
St. Francis Xavier University
(B) Self-Image leads to (C) the Nurse’s Actions, Performance & Achievements
A B C D
Thoughts & Self-Image Actions & Image of
Beliefs of of the Performance Nursing
the Nurse Nurse & Achievement Profession
of the Nurse
St. Francis Xavier University
(C) Nurse’s Actions, Performance & Achievements lead to(D) Image of Nursing Profession
A B C D
Thoughts & Self-Image Actions & Image of
Beliefs of of the Performance Nursing
the Nurse Nurse & Achievement Profession
of the Nurse
St. Francis Xavier University
Direct Linkage (bi-directional)(B) Self-Image of the Nurse &(D) Image of the Professional
A B C D
Thoughts & Self-Image Actions & Image of
Beliefs of of the Performance Nursing
the Nurse Nurse & Achievement Profession
of the Nurse
St. Francis Xavier University
Will nurses want to improve their self-image?
Definitions of Terms
Self-image or self-concept: set of beliefs and mental picture you hold about yourself.
Self-esteem: how much you like or approve of your self-concept.
Ideal self-concept: the mental picture of the person you
believe you should be.
Self-Concept, Ideal Self-Concept & Self-Esteem
Individual’sSelf-Concept(Self-Image)
DifferenceBetween
Individual'sIdeal Self-Concept
Self-Esteem& Self-Concept
Individual’sIdeal Self-Concept(Self-Image)
High Self Esteem
Difference between Individual’s
Ideal Self-Concept & Self-EsteemSelf-Concept
Low Self-Esteem
Difference between Individual’sIdeal Self-Concept Self-Esteem& Self-Concept
Image Building
Image Building
a processknowing oneselfbeing positive about one’s self
image, leading to a better chance of increasing one’s self-esteem & enjoying a meaningful, happy life
(Hugh Prather)
Image Building
Remember-
“… no one can make you feel inferior without your consent…”
(Eleanor Roosevelt)
‘Can Do’ Attitude
what can the nurse do to change self- image?
what can the nurse do to change the image of the profession?
The Image of the Nursing Profession
…is based on the individual nurse.
![Professional Ethics and Human Values[1].Ppt 1](https://img.pdfslide.net/doc/110x75/577cc43f1a28aba71198a480/professional-ethics-and-human-values1ppt-1.jpg)
