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NATIONAL LITTER INDEX 2016 ‐ 2017
VICTORIA RESULTS KEEP AUSTRALIA BEAUTIFUL NATIONAL ASSOCIATION September 2017 E [email protected] www.kab.org.au
Victoria
Key Messages and Insights
• Victoria has recorded 1.3% decrease in total litter counted, a 13% reduction by volume • Less litter observed across almost all site types, with the exception of industrial precincts, retail
precincts and car parks • While there was less takeaway food packaging litter found, it still represents the second largest
category of items in the litter stream, the largest proportion items in the litter stream being cigarette litter.
• Industrial precincts, retail precincts, shopping centres and car parks have the greatest litter loads in litter count terms, while three of the four (excluding shopping centres) also have the greatest loads in volumetric terms.
Survey Specifics
The national litter index surveys 151 sites across Victoria, with an area surveyed of 239,403 square
metres. While the primary focus of the monitor is across Melbourne suburban areas, a number of
regional/rural sites, are also surveyed. A further 15 rural highway/road sites are surveyed and
reported in the attached appendix.
Litter Counts
As shown in the following table, the 2016/17 monitor counted 1.3% less litter than items counted in
2015/16.
The following charts indicate that with the exception of the 09/10 monitor, this slight reduction is a
continuation of a long-term trend of reducing litter in Victoria. It also shows that while there are
year-on-year changes, the overall shape of the litter stream has not significantly changed. In Victoria,
cigarette litter represents approximately 53% of items counted, while takeaway food packaging is
15%.
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item CountSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY PLASTIC BAGS OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC GENERAL OTHER
Volumetric Impacts
The picture is positive in Victoria in volumetric terms, with a 13.2% decrease in litter volume
(excluding illegal dumping) when 2015/16 is compared to the latest 2016/17 monitor.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - % Litter ItemsSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY PLASTIC BAGS OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC GENERAL OTHER
Littering Location
The location of the litter found in Victoria is contained in the following charts. These charts show less
litter was recorded across most site types, with the exceptions being car parks, industrial and retail
precincts. The most significant reductions were seen in beaches and recreational swimming locations,
residential streets, major roads/highways and shopping centres. As a consequence, these sites are
becoming a smaller component of Victoria’s overall litter stream with car parks growing in importance.
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item Count by Site TypeSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BEACH CAR PARK HIGHWAY INDUSTRIAL RECREATIONAL PARK RESIDENTIAL RETAIL SHOPPING CENTRE
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - % Litter Items by Site TypeSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BEACH CAR PARK HIGHWAY INDUSTRIAL RECREATIONAL PARK RESIDENTIAL RETAIL SHOPPING CENTRE
Beaches/Recreational Swimming Locations
Around beaches and recreational swimming locations, the 2016/17 litter monitor showed reductions
across all categories, with the exception of other glass litter items. The most significant reductions
were seen in takeaway food packaging, other paper, other plastic and general other litter items.
Car Parks
Since 2009/10, litter counted at car parks in Victoria has been steadily declining but in the 2016/17
monitor recorded litter items increased by 27.5% at these sites. Most major categories observed
increases with cigarette litter, other paper and other plastic the major contributors.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item Count - BeachesSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC PLASTIC BAGS GENERAL OTHER
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item Count - Car ParksSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC PLASTIC BAGS GENERAL OTHER
Major Roads/Highways
Major roads/highways were the sites with lowest litter reduction observed in the Victorian monitor
and while litter levels fell by a not insignificant 10.7%, the following chart indicate that the litter levels
on Victoria’s major roads/highways have remained relatively stable over the last 4-5 years. The vast
majority of the reduction was due to less cigarette litter and takeaway food packaging items.
Industrial Precincts
Industrial precincts experienced a rise of 17.2% in litter counted, the first increase since 2011/12. Most
major litter categories increased with cigarette litter and takeaway food packaging remaining the
dominant components of the litter stream.
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item Count - HighwaysSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC PLASTIC BAGS GENERAL OTHER
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item Count - IndustrialSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC PLASTIC BAGS GENERAL OTHER
Recreational Parks
The following chart demonstrates a decrease in litter observed in recreational parks in Victoria. The
2016/17 litter item count recorded a decline in most major categories with take away food containers
and general other litter items the primary contributors. The reduction in beverage container litter
since 2009/10 is particularly evident.
Residential Streets
The 2016/17 monitor saw litter levels in residential streets decreases a further 21% compared to the
2015/16 monitor. Less litter was counted in most categories with only other plastic experiencing very
small increases. Litter levels in residential streets were the lowest recorded in 2016/17.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item Count - Recreational ParksSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC PLASTIC BAGS GENERAL OTHER
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item Count - ResidentialSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC PLASTIC BAGS GENERAL OTHER
Retail Precincts
After experiencing a significant reduction in litter counted in 2015/16, the 2016/17 litter monitor
resulted in an increase of 31.7% at retail sites, driven entirely by an increase in of 63.3% in cigarette
litter counted at these sites.
Shopping Centres
With an 11% decline in litter counted, the 2016/17 monitor recorded a continuation of the longer-
term trend of declining litter around shopping centres. Once again cigarette litter was the biggest
contributor.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item Count - RetailSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC PLASTIC BAGS GENERAL OTHER
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Victoria - Litter Item Count - Shopping CentresSource: National Litter Index - KABNA Analysis
BUTTS CDS TAKE AWAY OTHER GLASS OTHER PAPER OTHER PLASTIC PLASTIC BAGS GENERAL OTHER
Normalisation for Area Surveyed
The data below has been normalised to the number of items per 1,000m² and litres per 1,000m² to be
able to compare the amounts and volumes of litter by different site types.
The method to normalise the data uses the following calculation:
Items or litres per 1,000m² = the number of items counted x multiplied by 1,000 divided by the area of sites
Litter items per 1,000m²
As demonstrated in the tables below, when the area surveyed is taken into account, retail precincts
have the highest litter count in Victoria. The 2016/17 monitor recorded, on average, 18 items per
1000m², unchanged from the 2015/16 monitor.
Litter volume per 1,000m² (excluding illegal dumping)
A different result is observed in volumetric terms, with industrial precincts having the highest volumes
of litter per 1000m² in Victoria. Overall, litter loads decreased across almost all site types, with the
exception of industrial precincts, retail precincts and car parks. The total overall volume of litter has
dropped to 1.3 litres per 1000m² in 2016/17 from to 1.5 litres per 1000m² in the 2015/16.
Detailed Litter Count Tables – Victoria
Detailed Litter Volume Tables – Victoria
Appendix 1 - Rural Highways Results
The 2016/17 monitor of the incremental rural road sites counted 7% more litter than observed in
2015/16, with the bulk of the increase represented by beverage containers, takeaway food and other
paper litter, offset by marginal reductions to cigarette related litter, other plastic, plastic bags and
general other litter items.
As shown below, the latest monitor is a continuation in the longer-term trend of reduced litter levels
on Victorian rural highways. Furthermore, there are strong correlations between the rural highway
sites and the broader NLI monitor of Victorian roads. Both site types show similar patterns in litter
counts in addition to having a similar litter stream shape.
Over the longer term, as cigarette related litter falls, takeaway food and beverage container litter have
become an increasingly larger component of the overall litter stream. The 2016/17 monitor saw
beverage container litter join takeaway food packaging litter as the largest contributors to the litter
stream.
On a volumetric basis, there was a corresponding 22% rise in litter volumes although there were mixed
impacts within categories evident. For example, despite finding less cigarette butts, the volume
increased due to finding more, higher volume cigarette packets.
As shown in the table below, Victorian rural highways have lower relative litter loads (both in terms
of items counted and their volumetric impact) than seen in both the broader NLI monitor of Victorian
roads and the state as a whole.
2016/17 Litter Loads Vic Rural Highways Vic NLI Highways Vic NLI Total State
Items Counted (per ’000 sq m)
4.4 6.5 18.0
Volume (litres per ’000 sq m)
0.9 1.1 1.3
Rural Highway Charts
NLI Major Road Highway Charts
ItemsVolume -
Litres
VIC
VIC
Butts & Packaging 26 1.309
Beverage Containers 31 15.290
Takeaway Food & Beverage 34 6.122
Other Glass 1 0.020
Other Paper 20 0.066
Other Plastic 0 0.000
General Other 19 3.665
Plastic Bags 1 0.034
Illegal Dumping 0 0.000
GRAND TOTAL 131 26.505
Butts & Packaging 31 0.875
Beverage Containers 24 12.592
Takeaway Food & Beverage 28 5.623
Other Glass 1 0.010
Other Paper 18 0.061
Other Plastic 2 0.002
General Other 18 2.499
Plastic Bags 2 0.051
Illegal Dumping 0 0.000
GRAND TOTAL 122 21.711
Butts & Packaging 17.7% -49.7%
Beverage Containers -31.9% -21.4%
Takeaway Food & Beverage -21.4% -8.9%
Other Glass -100.0% -100.0%
Other Paper -8.3% -8.3%
Other Plastic 100.0% 100.0%
General Other -2.8% -46.7%
Plastic Bags 33.3% 33.3%
Illegal Dumping 0.0% 0.0%
Grand Total (excluding illegal dumping) -7.0% -22.1%
GRAND TOTAL -7.0% -22.1%
Areas Surveyed 30000 30000
Items counted excl illegal dumping) 131 27
Per 1,000 sq m 4.4 0.9
Areas Surveyed 30000 30000
Items counted excl illegal dumping) 122 22
Per 1,000 sq m 4.1 0.7
Butts & Packaging 31% 5%
Beverage Containers 20% 58%
Takeaway Food & Beverage 21% 23%
Other Glass 1% 0%
Other Paper 8% 0%
Other Plastic 3% 0%
General Other 17% 14%
Plastic Bags 1% 0%
Illegal Dumping 0% 0%
GRAND TOTAL 100% 100%
-9 -4.794
SHARE OF
TOTAL LITTER
STREAM
2015/16
YOY REDUCTION
2015/16
RURAL H'WAYS ANNUAL
2016/17
2015/16
%
REDUCTION
2016/17
ItemsVolume -
Litres
VIC
VIC
Be
ve
rag
e c
on
tain
ers
Item
s
Vo
lum
e
Takeaw
ay F
oo
d
Item
s
Vo
lum
e
20 0.002 0 0.000 0 0.000
Alcoholic sodas / spirit-based mixers, all sizes 1 0.187 y 1 0.187 0 0.000
Beer, all colours of glass, <750ml 6 2.546 y 6 2.546 0 0.000
Beer, all colours of glass, 750ml+ 1 0.454 y 1 0.454 0 0.000
Cider/fruit based etc. 1 0.458 y 1 0.458 0 0.000
Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), <1 litre 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Fruit juice, < 1 litre 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Fruit juice, 1 litre+ 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Other glass 1 0.020 0 0.000 0 0.000
Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), <1 litre 1 0.291 y 1 0.291 0 0.000
Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), 1 litre+ 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Wine & spirit, all sizes 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Wine cooler, all sizes 1 0.187 0 0.000 0 0.000
Total 10 4.142 8 3.935 0 0.000
0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Aerosols - pressure packs 1 0.342 0 0.000 0 0.000
Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers 8 3.236 y 8 3.236 0 0.000
Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes 3 1.079 y 3 1.079 0 0.000
Cider/fruit based etc. 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Flav. water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes 9 3.617 y 9 3.617 0 0.000
Flav. water/soft drink, (non-carb), all sizes 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Foil take away 0 0.000 0 0.000 y 0 0.000
Food cans (including pet food) 1 0.464 0 0.000 0 0.000
Industrial cans - all types 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Metal bottle tops and can pull rings 7 0.026 0 0.000 y 7 0.026
Metal pieces 1 0.005 0 0.000 0 0.000
Other foil 2 0.002 0 0.000 0 0.000
Total 29 8.771 19 7.931 7 0.026
Clothing & materials 2 0.031 0 0.000 0 0.000
Condoms 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Construction materials 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Disposable nappies 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Ice cream sticks 3 0.003 0 0.000 y 3 0.003
Other miscellaneous 1 0.014 0 0.000 0 0.000
Rubber pieces (not tyres) 1 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Syringes 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Tyres & pieces 1 0.113 0 0.000 0 0.000
Total 8 0.160 0 0.000 3 0.003
Cartons, flavoured milk < 1 litre 1 0.336 y 1 0.336 0 0.000
Cartons, flavoured milk 1 litre+ 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre 1 0.312 y 1 0.312 0 0.000
Cartons, fruit juice, 1 litre+ 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Cartons, milk, plain (white) all sizes 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Cigarette packets 6 1.307 0 0.000 0 0.000
Cups/take away containers 8 5.467 0 0.000 y 8 5.467
Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink, non-carb, <1 litre 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Flav. water / fruit j. drink/ sports drink, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Ice cream wrappers 0 0.000 0 0.000 y 0 0.000
Junk mail / free circulars 1 0.087 0 0.000 0 0.000
Newspapers & magazines 1 0.590 0 0.000 0 0.000
Other paper 20 0.066 0 0.000 0 0.000
Packages & boxes 3 0.200 0 0.000 0 0.000
Paper bags 3 0.032 0 0.000 0 0.000
Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg, lists) 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Tickets, e.g. bus, ATM, vending machine etc. 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Total 41 8.398 1 0.649 8 5.467
6 ring can holders 1 0.001 0 0.000 0 0.000
Bags - heavier glossy typically branded carry bags 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Bags - supermarket type light weight carry bags 1 0.034 0 0.000 0 0.000
Bread bag tags 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Containers, domestic type 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Containers, industrial e.g. oil 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Drink pouches 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Flav. milk, <1 litre 3 1.598 y 3 1.598 0 0.000
Flav. milk, 1 litre+ 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Flav. wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) 1 litre+ 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 1 0.622 y 1 0.622 0 0.000
Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 0 0.000 y 0 0.000 0 0.000
Fruit juice <1 litre 1 0.200 y 1 0.200 0 0.000
Fruit juice, 1 litre+ 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Lollipop sticks 1 0.000 0 0.000 y 1 0.000
Other plastic 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Packing tape & straps 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) <1 litre 2 1.182 y 2 1.182 0 0.000
Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) 1 litre+ 1 0.771 y 1 0.771 0 0.000
Plastic bottle tops 2 0.016 0 0.000 y 2 0.016
Sacks - sheeting - other bags 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Snack bags & confectionary wrappers 7 0.055 0 0.000 y 7 0.055
Spoons/ cutlery 3 0.029 0 0.000 y 3 0.029
Straws 2 0.008 0 0.000 y 2 0.008
Styrene foam boxes, sheets, etc 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Take away & cups 3 0.518 0 0.000 y 3 0.518
White milk, all sizes 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Wine cask bladders 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000
Total 25 5.033 7 4.373 17 0.626
GRAND TOTAL 131 26.505 34 16.888 34 6.122
PA
PE
R/P
AP
ER
BO
AR
D
Beverage Containers Takeaway Food
VIC - 2016 & 17 AVERAGE
PL
AS
TIC
CIGARETTE BUTTS
GL
AS
S
ILLEGAL DUMPING
ME
TA
LM
ISC
EL
LA
NE
OU
S