June 2014 1

June 2014 June 20142 3

June 2014 June 20144 5

Qu c gi thn mn, Dear Readers,

In the atmosphere of welcoming the 89th anni-versary of Vietnam Revolutionary Press Day (June 21st, 1925- June 21st, 2014), VLR has received many wishes from valued organizations, readers, part-ners and customers, which is an invaluable source of encouragement, a motive force for us to keep providing helpful information about logistics and import-export activities of both local and global economy.

For 10 years of operation (2004-2014), Vector Avia-tion has had remarkable advancements in the field of air transport service and become a regional strong brand of aviation logistics. In its 10th an-niversary, we the Editorial Board of VLR wish it to have more strong advancements and success in years to come.

From carrying out WTO commitments, there have been active signals in the development of the lo-gistics service sector. Enterprises in fields of sea transport, local logistics are making good use of the advantages. The development of outsourcing services has contributed in increasing profits and job opportunities for people, together with poli-cies of diversifying products, of integrating supply chains for small and medium-sized enterprises, and of brand building for Vietnams agricultural pro-duce These efforts are both attractions to foreign investors investing in Vietnam and opportunities for our local enterprises to improve their competi-tion activities.

We are experiencing a cooperation trend between foreign enterprises- those who have experience and financial competence- and local enterprises- those who hold advantages of storage and workshop. This is a thorough preparation for a sustainable de-velopment of Vietnam logistics in the future.

Le Van HyEditor-in-Chief

89Cho mng

21.6.1925 - 21.6.2014Cch mng Vit Nam

Ngy Bo chnm

Trong khng kh cho mng 89 nm Ngy Bo ch Cch mng Vit Nam (21.6.1925 - 21.6.2014), Tp ch Vietnam Logistics Review (VLR) nhn c nhng li chc mng t qu c quan, c gi, i tc v khch hng... y chnh l ngun ng vin qu bu, ng lc chng ti tip tc dn thn, khng ngng n lc nhm cung cp cho qu v nhng gi tr truyn thng, nhng thng tin b ch, thi s v hot ng logistics - xut nhp khu trong bc tranh chung ca nn kinh t Vit Nam v ton cu.

Ch mi 10 nm hot ng (2004-2014), nhng Cng ty Dch v Hng khng Vc-t Quc t (Vector Aviation) nhanh chng ghi du thnh cng trong ngnh dch v vn ti hng ha hng khng, tr thnh thng hiu mnh ca logistics hng khng tm khu vc. Ban Bin tp Tp ch VLR chc mng sinh nht 10 tui, chc cho Vector Aviation tip tc pht trin mnh m.

Cho n nay, nhng cam kt WTO ca Vit Nam cho thy nhng du hiu tch cc trong pht trin ngnh dch v logistics nc nh. Cc doanh nghip vn ti bin, logistics ni bt u khai thc ti a t li th ny. Chng ta cng ang rt ch trng n pht trin hot ng thu ngoi v ang gp phn khng nh trong vic gia tng thu nhp v to cng n vic lm cho ngi dn. Cng vi chnh sch a dng ha xut nhp khu, hi nhp chui cung ng ton cu cho doanh nghip va v nh, xy dng thng hiu cho nng sn Vit, Chnh nhng n lc to lc hp dn thu ht kh nhiu nh u t nc ngoi n Vit Nam u t, y chnh l ca cc doanh nghip logistics ni nng cao nng lc cnh tranh, chim gi c hi cho mnh.

V, chng ta cng ang chng kin mt xu th hp tc mi gia khi ni v khi ngoi, l s: kt hp gia ngi c kinh nghim, nng lc ti chnh v mng li rng ln vi ngi nm gi li th v kho bi v nh xng. l s chun b chu o logistics Vit Nam pht trin bn vng hn trong tng lai...

L Vn HTng Bin tp

mc lc I contents

i Tc Chin Lc | Strategic Partner

Cng Ty Cp seabornes v i TC n v phT Chuyn nhanhTp Ch Trong Ton Ci viT nam

Email: csr@sbplogistics.com I Website: www.sbplogistics.com

HOTLINE: (08). 3547 0389

Hotline:1800 54 54 80

hi Quan ng nai

hi nhp & pht trin I intergration & development

chui cung ng I supply chain

doanh nghip & thng hiu I enterprise & brand

ton cnh kinh t I economy overview

du lch I travel

04 Thu ngoi Vit Nam cn hng i miOutsourcing in vietnam needs a new direction30 Sit cht qu ti: thch thc di luOverload control: a long-term challenge

40 Tc ng ca cam kt WTO trong vn ti binWTO commitments' impact on sea freight transportation50 Tariff mi ca cng bin Vit NamNew tariff of Vietnam's ports

52 PGS c nhiu c hi ln Vit NamPGS many great opportunities in Vietnam56 Tin Ci Mp - Th Vi thnh cng trung chuyn quc tPreconditions for Cai Mep Thi Vai to become international

transshipment port

66 a dng ha th trng xut nhp khuDiversifying export and import market68 Hi nhp chui cung ng ton cu cho DN va v nhSmall and medium enterprises integrate into global supply chains

76 Cn o: nhng tuyn du lch tuyt viCon Dao: a place for amazing tours

TNG BIN TP | EDITOR-IN-CHIEFTHS. L VN H

H : 0903 912 560 E : hylv@vlr.vn

Ta son | Sub-Editorial Hong Bnh

H : 0906 400 188E : binhht@vlr.vn

Qung co - Pht hnh | Sales & ReleaseTel : 08 - 3844 6773

E : vietconnection.hcm@gmail.com

Anh ng | TranslatorPhm Gia Phc

Thit k | DesignerKim Hon

Hnh nh | PhotographersPh B Cng, Nguyn Ngc Hi

TA SONEditorial Office: 33 Nguyn Trng Li, Phng 4,

Qun Tn Bnh, TP.HCM, Vit NamTel: (84-8). 35470387 Fax: (84-8). 35470191

Email: vlr@vlr.vn

Vn phng H Ni | Hanoi Rep. Office4A/119 Thnh Quang, Ty Sn, ng a

H Ni, Vit NamMobile: 0903 432 505

i din: Nh bo T Tm

Hi ng c vn | Advisory Board Xun Quang - Bi Ngc Loan - Trn Du Lch

Trn Huy Hin - Phng Quc Mn - Nguyn Hng Trn Bnh Ph - L Duy Hip - Nguyn Ngc Linh

Nguyn Duy Minh - V Ninhng V Thnh

Vi s cng tc | Contributors:Ts. L Bch Chn, PGS. Ts An Th Thanh Nhn

Ts. Trn S Lm, Th.s Phm Vn Kim, Huy Nam,Trn Ngc Chu, Ng Lc Ti, Duy Khanh,

Ls.Thi Vn Chung, Phm Anh Tun...

Giy php cp mi s: 182/GP-BTTTT * Cp mi ngy 28.5.2013 Ch bn & in theo cng ngh CTP

ti nh in Vn ha Vn Lang.

hi nhp & pht trin

June 2014 7

nhng nc ang pht trin nh VN v cc nc khc trong khu vc ng Nam th hot ng ny v ang gp phn khng nh trong vic lm tng thu nhp v to cng n vic lm cho ngi dn. V vy, hin nay, cc nc ang pht trin rt ch trng n vic pht huy li th thu ht cc nh u t pht trin outsourcing vo quc gia mnh cng nhiu cng tt.

LI CH T THU NGOIKhi cp n hot ng outsourcing th DN v cc nh qun l cho rng cc yu t nh hng n vic thu ht u t bao gm: chi ph, mi trng kinh doanh, c s h tng, chnh sch ca nh nc, trnh lao ng. iu ny hon ton hp l, tuy nhin, cn phi xc nh ng yu t no l cn thit v quan trng cn u tin hng u trong chin lc thu ht u t thng qua hnh thc outsourcing chng ta c th tp trung pht huy mt cch hp l, trnh phn tn lc lng lm gim hiu qu.

Hin nay, hot ng outsourcing c th chia lm 2 nhm: nhm hot ng outsouring da vo lao ng v hot ng outsourcing da vo tri thc. Trong hai nhm ny th nhm th nht s gip gii quyt c vn ngun lao ng nhng li ch thu c khng cao v cc DN ch yu s dng lao ng chn tay, khng i hi trnh tri thc cao, lng thp cho cng tc gia cng sn xut. Li ch thu c t hot ng gia cng sn xut ch l tin lng ca ngi lao ng c tr m khng c thu nhp t cc gi tr tng thm.

Yu t quan trng thu ht outsourcing vo cc ngnh i hi nhiu lao ng chn tay ch yu gm chnh sch thu ht u t ca nh nc, c s h tng v cc chi ph khc (bao gm chi ph nhn cng r, chi ph vn chuyn, chi ph hnh chnh thp). V trong iu kin hin ti, pht trin dch v outsourcing thm dng lao ng li i hi vn u t c s vt cht cao hn gp nhiu ln so vi dch v outsourcing thm dng tri thc bi v, c th sn xut, DN cn thu mt bng rng, tn chi ph xy dng nh xng, nh kho, mua sm my mc thit b... Nhm hot ng outsourcing da vo tri thc th cc nh u t s chuyn mt s hot ng i hi ngun lao ng tri thc cao m trc y cc DN thng ch s dng ngun lao ng ni b ca mnh m thi nh: cc hot ng giao dch quc t, thanh ton quc t, dch v khch hng, hot ng k ton, tt ton s sch, t vn php l v thm ch l dch v qung co, bi thng v tr lng nhn vin. Cc nghip v outsourcing

va c th mang li ngun thu cao cho ngi lao ng v ngn sch nh nc. Song, c c cht lng dch v cao th nhn vin phi c trnh hc vn cao v cht lng. Nh th, vic trc mt l DNVN cn u t nhiu nng cao trnh nhn vin v tuyn dng nhng sinh vin c trnh kin thc tt, ng thi cn mnh dn tm hiu thu ht cc nh u t nc ngoi v thu ngoi dch v ca DN mnh. Vi vic chuyn sang lm thu mt s dch v cho cc cng ty nc ngoi, cc DN va c ngun thu cao va hc c mt s kinh nghim qun l ca cc DN t cc nc tin tin t to pht trin v tm kim c hi kinh doanh mi nhm duy tr s tn ti ca DN cng nh to ra khong cch nht nh vi

huyn Trn - phng Thy - Thy Trang

T lu, dch v thu ngoi (outsourcing)

tr thnh mt trong nhng hot ng

gip cc DN ni ring v cc quc gia ni

chung tng thu nhp v pht trin.

da vo tri thc th khng cn i hi phi c nh xng rng ln cng khng i hi nhiu my mc thit b.

Trn th gii, hin nay vi nhu cu gim ri ro v chi ph tng li nhun. Cc DN ln nh: BMW, AT&T, Ford thc hin thu ngoi n 70-80% cc hot ng ca mnh v h tit kim c rt nhiu thi gian v chi ph cho cng nhn sn xut ti cc nh my v nhn vin qun l bc trung. Nh vy h c nhiu thi gian v chi ph hn u t cho hot ng R&D cng nh nghin cu ci tin cng ngh cho DN mnh. Nhng nc cng pht trin, cng c xu hng thu ngoi cc nghip v khng quan trng tp trung tpht trin cc nghip

tiu im

& pht

trin

Thu ngoi Vit Nam cn hng i miOutsourcing in vietnam needs a new direction

Vector Aviation 10 nm: Thng hiu mnh ca logistics hng khngVector Aviation's 10th anniversary: a strong brand of aviation logistics

Sit cht qu ti: thch thc di luOverload control: a long-term challenge

Hi nhp mi

HNg ithu Ngoi Vit Nam

v ct li to thnh mt ro cn mang tnh chin lc i vi cc i th cnh tranh.

CHIN LC CHO THU NGOITheo nghin cu ca Jancar - Webster & Switky cp trong quyn The Politics of Development th c khong 2002 bi nghin cu ca cc t chc cp n vic vo nm 2015 s c khong 3,3 triu cng vic ca nhn vin bc trung M (bao gm 500.000 cng vic v k thut thng tin) s c chuyn sang thu ngoi mt s nc vi tng mc lng tng ng khong 136 t USD. Ngoi M, cn rt nhiu nc pht trin khc cng v ang c xu hng tng t. V th, cc DNVN nn tn dng xu hng ny pht trin cc dch v i hi tri thc cao

intergration & development

June 2014 9June 20148

cc i th cnh tranh trong v ngoi nc.

Theo kt qu kho st t mt s nh qun l ca cc DNVN cng nh mt s ging vin v vic nhn nh yu t quan trng nht thu ht vic hot ng thu ngoi nh hnh 1 th chng ta thy rng ch c 29% cc nh qun l DNVN cho rng lao ng c o to vi trnh cao l yu t quan trng nht thu ht hot ng outsourcing, n 71% nh qun l cho rng cc chi ph thp, c s h tng, mi trng kinh doanh v chnh sch thu ht u t l quan trng nht. iu ny cng d hiu v trong mt thi gian di, hu ht DNVN u tin hnh cung cp dch v gia cng cho nc ngoi l ch yu. ng thi, chng ta cng c th thy rng hin nay cc cng

li. Mt s v d in hnh v li ch ca dch v outsourcing hin i c th d dng nhn ra l dch v kim ton, 10 cng ty kim ton hng u VN hin nay gm KPMG, E&Y, Deloitle, PwC, AASC, A&C, GTV, AISC, BDO, Mazars th i a s u n t nc ngoi. Hng nm doanh thu ca cc cng ty ny t vi chc n vi trm t VN trong khi h khng cn tn nhiu chi ph u t c s vt cht ban u ln.

Nu c mi pht trin theo hng hin nay th VN v lu di c th s ch l mt trong nhng nh my ca th gii vi ngun lao ng di do vi mc tin cng lao ng rt r nhng i sng ca ngi lao ng ng thi cng khng th c nng cao. Xt v pha DN, nu thi gian gia cng ko di qu lu th s dn n hin tng lm vic mt cch my mc, khng sng to, chm ha nhp, kh tip thu c cc ngh thut kinh doanh mi v iu tt yu l v lu v di chng ta s lc hu so vi cc nc. Mt khi chng ta lc hu kh xa so vi cc nc trong mi trng thay i phi m nh hin nay th s rt kh rt ngn khong cch v s rt kh pht trin kinh t. Mt khi kinh k chm pht trin hn so vi cc nc th c th s ko theo mt s hn ch khc v mi mt: mi trng, vn ha - x hi, an ninh quc phng

V th, khng ri vo tnh cnh tt hu so vi cc nc, DN nn c chin lc ng n trong vic phi hp vi cc trng i hc nghin cu u t vo vic o to v s dng ngun nhn lc trnh cao c th cung cp tt cc dch v i hi tri thc nhm to ra li ch khng ch cho DN m cn cho c quc gia.

ty lm dch v gia cng ca chng ta ang hot ng tng i tt, vy cu hi t ra y l liu rng chng ta c cn thit phi quan tm n xu hng outsourcing hin nay hay khng? Cu tr li s l c v nu chng ta c mi tp trung vo pht trin loi hnh dch v ny th ging nh chng ta ang gim chn ti ch trong khi cc i th cnh tranh ca chng ta r sang mt hng pht trin mi. iu ny ch c th lm chng ta cng ngy cng thua km i th m thi.

Phn tch trn cho thy rng hoc l chng ta cha nhn thy c xu hng outsourcing hin i hoc nng lc ca chng ta cn km nn khng sc thc hin cc nghip v ny cng nh li ch to ln t xu hng ny mang

tiu im

Ngun nhn lc trnh cao Mi trng kinh doanh Chi ph thp Chnh sch ca Nh nc C s h tng

Hnh 1: T l cc yu t quan trng nht nh hng n hot ng thu ngoi

With developing countries like Vietnam and other ones in the South East Asia, it has made a no small contribution to enterprises making profit and to peoples job opportunities. Therefore, developing coun-tries are trying to use their advantages to attract outsourcing developers to their own countries as many as possible.

BENEFITS FROM OUTSOURCINGEnterprises and managers normally find factors that influ-ence investment attraction as expense, business environment,

By huyen Tran - phuong Thuy - Thuy Trang

Outsourcing has been one of activities that help enterprises and

countries make profit and develop.

outsourcingiN ViEtNam NEEDS a NEW DiRECtioN

June 2014 June 201410 11a ch: Lau 5, toa nha Cang Sai Gon, so 3 Nguyen Tat Thanh, P.12, Q.4, TP.HCM

Tel: (84-8) 39433045 / 39432658 - Fax: (84-8) 39432658Email: viffas-hcm@hcm.fpt.vn; viffas-hcm@vnn.vn

Website: www.vla.info.vn

CONNECTING LOGISTICS PROFESSIONALS

HIP HI DOANH NGHIP DCH V LOGISTICS VIT NAMVIETNAM LOGISTICS BUSINESS ASSOCIATION

www.vla.info.vn

Hy ng hnh cng VLA!infrastructures, States policy, and labor skills. This

sounds reasonable. However, we have to determine which factor is vital and important in investment attraction strategy in the form of outsourcing so we can focus on it and avoid scattered investments.

Outsourcing activities currently can be classified into labor-based outsourcing and knowledge-based outsourcing. The former can help solve the problem of labor source. However, it cannot bring high profit for enterprises utilize manual labor only for production activities. Profit from it is laborers salary without those from added values. Important factors to attract outsourcing to sectors that require manual work include investment attraction policies from a government, infrastructures and other expenses (including low labor cost, transport cost, and low administration cost). In current situation, labor-based outsourcing requires much higher investments than the latter for expenses on production premises; building factories, warehouses; buying equipment and machines On the contrary, in knowledge-based outsourcing, enterprises can used their existing labor force for activities as international transaction, interna-tional payment, accounting activities, legal consulting, balancing and even advertising services, compen-sation and salary payment for staff. Knowledge-based outsourcing requires neither large premises nor large amount of equipment.

In the world, with the need for reducing risks and increasing profits, large enterprises as BMW, AT&T and Ford outsource 70-80% their activities, and thus they save much time and expenses on produc-ing workers and mid-level management agents. So, they can have more time and expense on R&D and technique improvements for themselves. The more

developed the country is, the more popular the trend of outsourcing of unimportant stages is so that they can focus on core competency to form a strategic barrier to their competitors.

STRATEGY FOR OUTSOURCINGAs Jancar-Webster& Switky research in The Politics of Development, there are around 2002 research papers by organizations mentioning that in 2015, there will be 3.3 million jobs of mid-level workers in the U.S (including 500,000 jobs in IT) to be outsourced with the amount of salary equal to USD 136bn. Similar trends can be found in other developed countries. Therefore, Vietnams enterprises should make good use of the trend to develop high knowl-

High qualified Human Resource Business Environment Low cost Government's policy Infrastructure

Chart 1: Ratio of the most important factors that affect outsourcing activities

edge-based services for both la-borers high income and states budget. But staff should have high knowledge and qualifications to have high quality services. Therefore, Vietnams enterprises should invested in improving staffs qualifications, in recruiting students with good knowledge, and in attracting foreign investors to their outsourcing services. With outsourcing, they can have both high income and good chances to have management experience so that they can seek opportunities to main-

tain their own existence and to create a certain distance to foreign and local competitors.

From researches by enterprises managers and lecturers, only 29% of enterprises managers think trained high-level laborers is the most important factor in outsourcing attraction; the rest of 71% think low cost, infrastructure, business environment and investment at-tracting policies are the most important ones. It is understandable. Vietnams enterprises have mainly provided outsourcing services for a rather long time. It can be seen that our outsourcing activities are going well, so do we have to pay attention to the current trend of outsourcing? The answer should be Yes for if we keep developing the existing one, we keep spinning our wheels while our competitors have been on their ways to another direction: we will surely be behind our competitors.

Analysis shows either we have not been realized the new trend of modern outsourcing or we do not have enough ability to carry out these services. A typical example for benefit from the trend of outsourcing: the top 10 leading au-diting companies as KPMG, E&Y, Deloitle, PwC, AASC, A&C, GTV, AISC, BDO, Mazars are foreign ones. They have annual income from dozens to hundreds billion VND and have little initial invest-ment in their facilities.

If we keep developing the existing trend, Vietnam in the long run will be one of worlds fac-tories with abundant labor source and low labor wage. To the side of enterprises, the long-time outsourcing will lead to a mechanical, uncreative working manner, which will make us outdated. And once we are outdated in the time of changes, it is difficult to catch up with the trend and to de-velop the economy. A weak economy of a coun-tries can be a potential source of environmental, social-cultural and defense issues

Therefore, in order not to be outdated, enterprises should have appropriate strategy in cooperating with universities in research-es on training and utilizing high-level human resource so that they can provide knowl-edge-based services, which benefit not only themselves but also the country.

focus

June 2014 June 201412 13

Chc mng

HIP HI DOANH NGHIP DCH V LOGISTICS VIT NAM TP CH VIETNAM LOGISTICS REVIEW

10nm thnh lp14.6.2004 - 14.6.2014

21.6.1925 - 21.6.2014

Ngy Bo chhc mng

Cch mng Vit Nam

HI QUAN NG NAI

hi nhp & pht trin

June 2014 15June 201414

hong bnh

Vn chuyn hng ha bng ng hng khng l mt ngnh c th, cnh tranh khc lit, nhng vi tm nhn chin lc, Vector Aviation nhanh chng ghi du thnh cng, vng mnh v khng nh c v th ca mnh nh hm nay. ng Xun Quang - Tng Gim c Cng ty Vector Aviation tr chuyn vi Tp ch Vietnam Logistics Review trc thm l k kim 10 nm thnh lp Vector Aviation.

- ng c th nh li cu chuyn ra i ca Vector Aviation da trn nhng tng no?Cn nh, thi im nhng nm thp nin 90, Nh nc bt u xa th c quyn, v m ca cho kinh t t nhn. Th nm 2002, Cng ty Giao nhn Kho vn Ngoi thng TP.HCM (Vinatrans) - l mt trong 3

ca chng ti khng nh iu .

- B quyt xy dng thng hiu Vector Aviation l g, tha ng? Nhn lc chuyn nghip v mng li khch hng vng mnh.

- ng c gii truyn thng lu nay bit n l ngi ang p gic m bay? Gic m y c cn nng bng hay khng? l gic m v vic thnh lp mt hng hng khng chuyn vn ti ha hng khng ca VN. Gic m y vn lun nng bng trong ti.

- Ni nh vy, qua 10 nm hnh thnh v pht trin, Vector Aviation c iu kin tr thnh mt nh vn ti hng ha hng khng?

Ngi ta thng ni, c m th m c cho ti. Bn thy , gic m ca ti l c c s.

V khch quan m ni, ngnh hng khng l mt ngnh c th, nhng li rt c tim nng. V ch quan, chng ti c ngun nhn lc giu kinh nghim. Vector Aviation c h thng khch hng v th trng vng mnh khu vc v quc t, vi mng li phn phi mnh trong nc v khu vc ng Nam trong 10 nm qua. Mi iu kin sn sng.

- Tuy nhin, thnh lp mt hng hng khng, vn lun l yu t hng u? cng l iu m ti v HQT lun trn tr.

- ng c th chia s nhng chin lc ca Vector Aviation trong di hn?Sp ti HQT d kin c phn ha cng ty nhm tng vn xy dng Vector Aviation tr thnh nh phn phi hng khng, v tin ti xy dng cng ty thnh nh vn ti hng ha chuyn nghip bn cnh cung cp cc dch v hng ha v hnh khch v dch v hng khng. y l mong mun ca ton th cng ty v c nhn ti.

- Trong khu vc ng Nam , ch VN l khng c hng hng khng chuyn ch hng ha?ng vy. VN c tim nng v logistics ni chung v logistics hng

khng ni ring, XNK tng bnh qun t 15-20%/nm, nu khng c mt hng hng khng chuyn vn ti hng ha th tht ung.

- C phi, VN cn mt m hnh logistics hng khng, tha ng? Nh ti ni, trong di hn chin lc ca Vector Aviation l thnh lp hng hng khng chuyn vn chuyn hng ha, l mc tiu hon ton ph hp vi m hnh cho logistics hng khng ca VN trong tng lai.

- Hin nay, s quan tm ca Chnh ph n logistics, li cng nung nu cho ng v gic m bay?Trong 10 nm qua, ngnh logistics c Chnh ph quan tm c bit. Ti tin tng rng, ngnh logistics VN s pht trin nhanh v mnh hn na. chnh l im ta Vector Aviation thc hin mc tiu ca mnh, nhm kt ni H Ni TP.HCM v bin H Ni v TP.HCM thnh trung tm trung chuyn hng khng ca khu vc ng Nam . Hng ha t cc nc nh Thi Lan, Singapore, Malaysia, s v sn bay H Ni v TP.HCM i tip n cc nc chu u, chu M, chu Phi,

- Vi t cch l Ch tch Hip hi Doanh nghip Dch v Logistics Vit Nam (VLA), kim Ch tch Lin

on cc Hip hi Giao nhn ng Nam (AFFA), ng ang gnh trch nhim xy dng hnh nh ngnh logistics VN?Mong mun gp phn xy dng v pht trin ngnh logistics VN ln mt tm cao mi, l trch nhim khng ch ca c nhn ti, m cn l trch nhim ca Hip hi VLA, ca cng ng DN logistics VN - trong c DN nh Vector Aviation. Chng ti ang n lc v iu .

- Mt vi li gi n cn b, nhn vin, khch hng v i tc nhn dp k nim 10 nm?Nhn dp ny, ti xin gi li cm n su sc n ton th cn b, nhn vin Vector Aviation ng hnh vi cng ty trong 10 nm qua. Chnh cc bn l ti sn v cng qu bu - gp phn quyt nh s pht trin ca cng ty.

Thay mt Ban lnh o v ton th nhn vin cng ty, xin tri n n nhng khch hng, nhng i tc lun lun tin cy vo Vector Aviation - gp phn to nn s thnh cng v thng hiu ca Vector Aviation nh ngy hm nay.

- Xin cm n ng. Chc cho nhng k hoch ca Vector Aviation v nhng hoi bo ca ring ng sm tr thnh hin thc.

vn ti hng khng

Trong 10 nm hnh thnh v pht trin (2004-2014), Vector Aviation c nhng thnh tu vt bc: Nm 2004 t khi bt u thnh lp Vector Aviation lm tng i l v phn phi cho mt vi hng hng nc ngoi, trong c Malaysia Airlines. Sau 10 nm hot ng, n nay, cng ty lm tng i l v phn phi cho 32 hng hng khng trong nc v quc t, theo nhn s tng ln 125 ngi so vi thi im mi thnh lp ch c 6 ngi.

Doanh thu nm 2004 t hn 1,5 t ng (tng ng 77,4 ngn USD), n nm 2013 tng vt ln khong 852 t ng (tng ng 42,3 triu USD). Sn lng t 414.60 tn (2004), t 26,497.05 tn trong nm 2013. Th phn hng ha hng khng ca Vector Aviation chim khong 11% trn tng lng hng ha xut khu qua ng hng khng ca VN.

DN cung cp dch v logistics VN bt u thc hin c phn ha cc x nghip trc thuc; v X nghip Giao nhn Hng khng tr thnh Cng ty C phn Dch v Ngoi thnng - Vinafreight chuyn khai thc dch v giao nhn hng khng. Thi im 2002-2004 vn ti hng ha hng khng pht trin rt mnh, nhn thy nhu cu , nm 2004, Vinafreight quyt nh thnh lp Cng ty Vector Aviation lc , chng ti l tng i l khai thc hng ha v hnh khch cho mt vi hng hng khng nc ngoi.

Trong 10 nm qua, Vector Aviation c bc pht trin vt bc v tr thnh thng hiu mnh v hng khng trong khu vc. Nh bn thy, doanh thu v li nhun

Trong 10 nm qua (14.6.2004-14.6.2014), Cng ty TNHH Dch v Hng khng Vc-t Quc t (Vector Aviation) tr thnh thng hiu mnh trong ngnh dch v vn ti hng ha hng khng VN, trong khu vc v trn th gii. ng Xun Quang - Tng Gim c

Cng ty Vector AviationCh tch Hip hi VLA / AFFA

logiStiCS hNg khNg10nmVECtoR aViatioN

thNg hiu mNh

hong bnhnh: PH B CNG

intergration & development

June 2014 17June 201416

Airfreight is a specific sector with fierce competitions. However, Vector Aviation, having its strategic visions, has had remarkable advancements to be in its current position. Mr. Do Xuan Quang- General Director of Vector Aviation - had a discussion with VLR right before its 10th anniversary ceremony.

On what ideas was Vector Aviation founded?In 1990s, the Government started to end their monopoly and started to open-door for private economy sector. Then in 2020, Vinatrans- one of the three enterprises providing logistics service in Vietnam - carried out equitization its affiliated enterprises; and Airfreight Forwarding arm became Vinafreight specializing in carrying out air forwarding. In 2002-2004, airfreight sector experienced strong development. In 2004, Vinafreight decided to found Vector Aviation - at the time we were a general agency operating in the fields of airfreight and passenger carrying for several foreign airlines.

In the past 10 years, Vector Aviation has remarkable advancement and become a strong regional brand. As you can see, our income and profit has proved that.

What is the secret in build-ing the brand of Vector Aviation?Having professional per-sonnel and strong cus-tomer network.

You are known as a man having a flying dream. Are you still having it?It is a dream of founding a Vietnams airfreight. And the dream is always being cherished.

So after 10 years of founding and development, is Vector Aviation qualified enough to be an airfreight operator?As the saying goes Go forward and make your dream come true. You see, my dream is reasonable.Airline objectively is a specific, but potential sector. We have had experienced human resource, strong customer network, strong regional and international markets, and strong distribution network in the country and in the region of Southeast Asia in the past 10 years. All things are done.

However, capital is a first thing to consider in founding an airline?It is the thing that the Board and I have pondered

Can you talk about Vector Aviations long-term strategies?In the coming time, the Board is planning for equitization to increase capital and make Vector Aviation an airline distributor, then become a professional airfreight provider providing airfreight and passenger air services. This is also an expectation of the

companys staff and me.

In the SEA region, only Vietnam has no airline for airfreight?It is true. Vietnam has potential in logistics and in aviation logistics in particular. Import-export has annual increase of 15-20%... not having an airfreight airline is such a waste.

Does Vietnam need an aviation logistics model?As I said, a long-term strategy of Vector Aviations is founding an airfreight airline a model that is suitable for Vietnams aviation logistics model in the future.

Does current Governments attention to logistics encourage your flying dream?In the past 10 years, the Government has paid special attention to logistics sector. I believe Vietnams logistic sector will experience a stronger and faster development. This is also a supporting point for Vector Aviation to fulfill its target: connecting Hanoi and HCMC, and turning them to aviation transshipment center for the SEA region. Cargo from Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia will gather at airports in Hanoi and HCMC and being transshipped to countries in Europe, America, Africa

As President of VLA and President of AFFA, you are re-sponsible for building an image of Vietnams logistics?To bring Vietnams logistics to a new stature is e the responsibility of mine only, it is the responsibil-ity of VLA; it is the responsibility of Vietnams business community among which is Vector Aviation. We are

devoting our efforts for that.

Do you have anything to say to your staff, customers and partners in the 10th anniversary?On the occasion, I would like to thank all the staff of Vector Aviation for being together with the company for the past 10 years. You are the valuable asset - a decisive factor for the Companys development.

On behalf of the Board of Director and staff, I would like to thank our valued customers and partners who always trust Vector Aviation. It is you who contribute to the success and the current position to Vector Aviation.

Thank you and wish all your dreams and Vector Aviations plans to be fulfilled.

air cargo

In the past 10 years (June 14th, 2004 - June 14th, 2014), Vector Aviation has become a strong brand in airfreight service in Vietnam, in the region, and in the world.

VECtoR aViatioN'S 10th aNNiVERSaRy:

a strong brandof aviationlogistics By hoang binh

Photos: PHO BA CUONG

For 10 years of development (2004-2014), Vector Aviation has had remarkable advance-ments: in 2004, at its very beginning stage of operation, Vector Aviation was general agency and distributor for some foreign airliners, among which was Malaysia; after 10 years of operation, it has become a general agency and distributor for 32 local and international airlines, and its personnel has increased from 6 at its founding to 125 people.

Income in 2004 reached VND1.5bn (equally USD 77,400). In 2013, it made a remarkable in-crease of VND852bn (USD 42.3m). Output has increased from 414.60 tons in 2004 to 26,497.05 tons in 2013. Its market share accounts for 11% of total import-export via Vietnams airway.

hi nhp & pht trin

June 2014 19June 201418

ln?Tuy nhin, th trng tr tr ang gia tng p lc ln vn chuyn hng khng, buc ngnh a ra nhng tuyn b gi tr c tc dng mnh m hn.

TNG TRNG CHM CNI MI NGNH VN TaIHNG kHNGTheo s liu mi nht ca IATA, giao thng tng 5,9% so vi cng k thng 3 nm ngoi. Tuy nhin s phc hi ny l phng i, v trong cng k nm 2013 th trng b st gim v phn ln tng trng ch din ra trong qu cui cng. Khi lng hng ha hng khng thng 3 trong khu vc chu - Thi Bnh Dng tng 6,9% so vi thng 3 nm 2013, v IATA ang "lc quan mt cch thn trng" v vic ni li tng trng trong nhng thng ti. Vic lu lng hng ha ca cc hng Bc M ch tng 1,9% so vi cng k nm ngoi phn no phn nh s gin on v ma ng trong qu u tin.

ct gim thi gian ngh xung cn 48 gi vo nm 2020, nng cao kh nng cnh tranh v gi tr ca vn ti hng khng.

"Hin i ha cc quy trnh v c s h tng hng ha c kh nng lm gim thi gian ch gia cc chuyn xung n 48 gi. Chng ti khng th tnh trng m m ca th trng cn tr mnh tng sc cnh tranh", ng Tyler cho bit.

Trung ng vn tip tc tr vng ngay c khi mi th trng vn ti hng khng trn th gii cng tr tr. Khi lng hng ha ca cc hng vn chuyn Trung ng tng thm 13,2% so vi cng k nm ngoi, tip sau 11,9% tng trng trong thng 2. IATA cho bit, y l kt qu ca vic cc hng tn dng mc tng trng c th trng pht trin v th trng mi. Khc bit ng ch nht l vic cc hng hng khng Trung ng ang tng cng i bay ch hng

trong khi cc i tc ton cu ca h li c gng ct gim.

Qatar Airways l hng vn chuyn tch cc nht khu vc Trung ng. Trong nm nay hng s nhn v 2 my bay B777- 200 v 1 A330-200F v thm 2 chic na vo nm 2015.

Saudi Arabian Airlines s thm mt chuyn c vn ti B747-300 vo mng li ca mnh. Cc hng hng khng Jeddah ny s b sung chic my bay mi k trn vo i ch hng gm hai chic B747-8, tm chic B747-400, mt B747- 200 v bn MD-11.

Etihad b sung thm hai my bay B777- 200 v mt chic A330-200 vo nm ngoi, v cho thu mt my bay B747- 400ERF v B747- 8F. Vi nhiu khng gian vn chuyn hng ha hn, doanh thu ca hng cng tng 30% vo nm ngoi.

CC HNG HNG kHNGTHAY I TN TICc hng hng khng phi chp nhn thay i tn ti trong bi cnh vn ti hng khng mi c xc nh bi cc thng hiu ton cu mi ni, s thay i phng thc, v sc cha hng ha tng

trn cc chuyn bay chuyn ch khch. l thng ip t Larry Coyne, Gim c iu hnh ca hng bay cho thu Coyne Airways c tr s ti Anh.

Coyne pht biu trc cc i biu ti Cu lc b Vn ti hng ha hng khng, hp ti Php, rng hng ha chuyn n c vn ti bin v my bay ch khch thay i trng kinh t ca hot ng vn ti hng ha, t p lc ln cc nh iu hnh v ch s hu truyn thng. ng thi, s gia tng ca mt s t cc thng hiu ton cu s gy ra tn tht gia cc nh kinh doanh c lp v lm bin i nghim trng cch thc hot ng ca ngnh, ng ni.

"Ti tin rng ngnh cng nghip ca chng ta ang tri qua s thay i mang tnh cch mng", ng ni thm, "Chng ti chp nhn thay i v iu l tt. Trong 20 nm ti, nhiu hng cng s phi iu chnh tn ti".

ng cho bit cc hng chuyn ch khch tr thnh cc ng vin mnh m v tch cc hn trong kinh doanh vn ti hng ha ng di, v s hu nhng my bay ch hng ln khng cn l

xut hp dn.

"C kh nng ngy cng nhiu hng s ri khi ngnh ny", ng ni. Vic giao nhn my bay thn rng, hay "my bay ch hng mini", c d on s tng hn 8,000 chic trong vng 20 nm ti, mang nhiu dch v ti nhiu im n hn v s l mt s ct gim th trng vn ti hng ha vi my bay boong chnh.

ng ch ra mt cuc kho st gn y ca cc nh phn tch Seabury, cho thy khong 15,2 triu tn hng ha hng khng b chuyn sang ng bin t nm 2000 n nm 2013, tng ng 11.000 chuyn B777 mt nm. "iu ny lm gim mc tng trng vn ti hng khng tng c, t mt 7,3% xung cn 2,6% mt nm", ng ni.

Trong khi , cc hng k tha ang xp hng c hp tc thng hiu vi nhau, v cc hng hng khng tr ang s dng quyn s hu thiu s ca mnh to ra cc thng hiu c lp mnh thay th cho cc lin minh trn.

"Ti nhn thy s xut hin ca cc thng hiu ton cu vi nhiu hnh thc nh l gii php thay th cho s hp nht ca cc hng" ng ni. "Mt s lng nh hn cc thng hiu trn th gii s khin hng c lp gp kh khn, tr khi h c th trng ring ca mnh. "Cc hng hng khng thuc mt trong nhng thng hiu ton cu trn s gp kh khn do cnh tranh v nhiu hng s b buc phi lin kt hoc i mt vi nguy c thua l.

vn ti HnG KHnGnHnGtHay

i

Theo Hip hi Vn ti Hng khng Quc t (IATA), th trng vn ti hng khng ton cu chng li nhng c th bt u tng trng trong nhng thng ti do lng n hng xut khu tng M v chu u.

Mt nhn vin trong ngnh cho bit: T u nm n nay, khi lng vn ti hng khng hu nh khng thay i." ng Tony Tyler, Tng gim c v Gim c iu hnh IATA pht biu: "y l mt ngnh cng nghip cnh tranh vi sc cha ngy cng tng nhm p ng cho nhng nhu cu yu. Vng quay kinh doanh cui cng cng s chuyn ng i ln, nhng ngnh cng nghip vn ti hng ha hng khng cng cn ci thin nhng tuyn b gi tr ca mnh nu mun thu ht tng trng mt khi th trng ci thin".

C th, trong 40 nm k t khi my bay ch hng 747 c gii thiu, thi gian ngh gia cc chuyn vn chuyn hng ha hng khng vn khng thay i t (6 n 7 ngy). Ti Hi ngh chuyn hng ha th gii hi thng 3, Des Vertannes, ngi ng u cc hng ha ton cu ca IATA thch thc ngnh cng nghip

Gia Hntheo joc.com, aircargonews.net

vn ti hng khng

hi nhp & pht trin

June 2014 21June 201420

hi

ni ch m trch nhng phn vic ph vi gi tr gia tng rt thp.

Gi cc vn ti hng xut khu i t TP.HCM n New York l 2.800 USD/container 20 feet, th cc loi ph a phng nh xp d, dch v i l, kho, lnh giao hng ch khong 65-70 USD/m3. Nu

cng tt c th ph a phng (k c ph chng t) cho mt container 20 feet ch khong 1.400 USD, bng mt na gi cc tu bin. Ngay c cc khu khc nh kho vn, phn phi cng u do nc ngoi thc hin v h thng kho lnh ca cc DN ni kh c k, cng ngh lc hu nn khch

hng khng chp nhn. Phn ngon nht ca ci bnh logistics th nc ngoi hng ht ri, ng Xun Quang, Ch tch Hip hi VLA nhn xt.

Trong qu trnh VN gia nhp WTO, AFTA, TPP em li c c hi v thch thc cho DN ni a khi ngnh logistics ang m ca cho cc tp on ln t nc ngoi. Hng ha ca VN dn vn xa nh s t do ha thng mi. iu quan trng i vi nng lc cnh tranh ca VN s l u t vo dch v logistics, chui cung ng v c s h tng. Kho st v logistics ti 10 tnh, thnh ph ln c 3 min Bc, Trung, Nam v nhn thy hot ng logistics kh si ng. Cc DN cng nh cc a phng c s quan tm n logistics. Tuy vy, s chun b cho mc m ca th trng logistics vn mang tnh th ng bi cha c cc chin lc, k hoch c th cho lnh vc quan trng ny. iu ny xut pht t nguyn nhn su xa l nhn thc v v tr, vai tr ca logistics trong nn kinh t quc dn ca cc ngnh, a phng v DN cn hn ch. Vic xy dng v pht trin h thng logistics trn cc yu t th ch php lut, c s h tng, DN logistics, DN s dng dch v logistics v ngun nhn

lc... cha c quan tm ng mc. Tuyn quc l 1A v ng H Ch Minh u t hng chc nghn t ng nhng trong quy hoch xy dng, ci to, nng cp khng h tnh n cc trung tm logistics. Ti cc ca khu quc t, cng bin quc t VN cha quy hoch, xy dng cc trung tm logistics, nhm nng cao hiu qu s dng cc hnh thc vn ti. iu ny dn n qu ti i vi vn ti ng b, gy xung t cc loi phng tin, gia tng tai nn giao thng. R rng l s chun b cho mc m ca th trng logistics vo nm 2015 l cn ri rc, t pht, cha p ng yu cu pht trin. Nhn chung, logistics ca VN ang th yu ngay trn sn nh, v nh ming bnh ln cho hu ht cc DN nc ngoi chia nhau.

M LI CHO VN TaI NI AHin c kh nhiu nh u t nc ngoi n VN u t c xu hng tm cc khu nh xng xy sn gim chi ph v hn ch ri ro. y chnh l ca cc DN ni a trong ngnh dch v logistics c th cnh tranh vi khi ngoi t chnh li th qu t. Cc DN logistics ni bt u khai thc ti a li th ny v ngnh logistics ang chng kin mt xu

v Duy

YU TH TRN SN NHTheo Ngn hng Th gii, chi ph logistics trong nc hin chim t 20-25% GDP, tng ng 35-40 t USD. Tuy nhin, hin khi ni vn ch s hu ming bnh kh khim tn. Theo Hip hi Doanh nghip Dch v Logistics VN (VLA), c nc c khong 25 DN logistics a quc gia ang hot ng nhng chim ti 70-80% th trng cung cp dch v logistics. Trong khi , d c gn 1.200 DN ni nhng ch yu ch lm i l hoc nh thu ph. Chng hn i vi hot ng XNK, cc vn ti tu bin l ln nht nhng hu nh 100% thuc v cc hng tu nc ngoi, khi

vn ti ni a

Hin nay th trng Logistics VN vn giai on u ca qu trnh pht trin. T trng chi ph logistics so vi GDP ca VN vo khong 25%. T trng cao ny xut pht t vic thiu thn v h tng v nng lc vn ti non yu, khung php l cho hot ng logistics cha hon chnh, thiu s lin kt trong hot ng kinh doanh ca cc DN.

gc nhn

cHo logiSTicS ViT NAm

th hp tc mi gia khi ni v khi ngoi: kt hp gia ngi c kinh nghim, nng lc ti chnh v mng li rng ln vi ngi nm gi li th v kho bi v nh xng.

Chin lc pht trin dch v vn ti n nm 2020, nh hng n nm 2030 mi c Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt ch r, mc tiu n nm 2020, ti c cu v pht trin th trng vn ti ni a theo hng gim th phn vn ti bng ng b, tng th phn, u tin pht trin dch v vn ti ng st v vn ti ng thy ni a.

D tho K hoch hnh ng tng cng kt ni, nng cao nng lc v hiu qu ca cc phng thc vn ti khi lng ln gim p lc cho vn ti ng b ca B GTVT cng xc nh: Tng cng kt ni, nng cao nng lc v hiu qu ca cc phng thc vn ti, gim p lc cho vn ti ng b v tng cng nng lc vn ti cho ng st, ng thy ni a, ng bin, gp phn thit lp li th trng vn ti bnh ng, c cu li th phn hp l gia cc phng thc. vn ln, cc DN ni a phi mnh dn u t vo cng ngh, trang thit b v ngun nhn lc. u t vo logistics khng th t mc tiu kim c ngay li nhun ln hng u, nh u t phi tht kin nhn DN mnh ln, phi hy sinh li ch ngn hn c sc cnh tranh di hn.

Logistics tip tc hp dn vi tc tng trng 25%/nm. V c v nh cc DN ni ang bt u tm cc phng n pht trin logistics ca nc nh bng cch pht trin logistics ni a, khi cc DN nc ngoi cn cha t chn hon ton vo th phn logistics VN.

intergration & development

June 2014 23June 201422

Other stages as warehousing and delivery are carried out by foreign enterprises for most customers do not accept old frozen warehouse system with outdated technology of local enterprises. The best part of a logistics cake has been consumed by foreign enter-prises, said Mr. Do Xuan Quang, President of VLA.

The processes of joining WTO, AFTA, TPP have brought the local logistics enterprises both oppor-tunities and challenges when the logistics sector open-doors for foreign large corporations. Vietnam-ese goods are able to go far thanks to free trade. The important thing to Vietnams competition ability is to invest in logistics services, supply chains and in-frastructure. Surveys of logistics in 10 provinces and big city nationwide show busy logistics activities. Both enterprises and local authorities have paid at-tention to logistics. However, the preparation for the time of door-opening is passive for there has been

no specific strategy or plan for this important field. This takes root from the limited awareness of position and role of logistics sector in the countrys economy. Other factors as legal institution, infrastructures, lo-gistics enterprises, enterprises using logistics services and human resource... have not been paid proper attention. National Road 1A and HCM Road invest-ments cost dozen billions VND, but in their planning,

upgrading has nothing for logistics centers. And at international gateways and seaports, there has been no logistics centers to make good uses of means of transportation either, which leads to overloaded road transport, growing accidents... The preparation for time of door-opening has been impropriate and has not met requirements of development. In general, Vietnams logistics sector is an underdog in its home matches; leaving the larger part of the market for top dogs foreign enterprises.

NEW DIRECTION FOR LOCAL TRANSPORT SECTORMany investors coming to Vietnam tend to find ex-isting workshop to reduce cost and risks. This is the advantage of local enterprises in competitions with foreign ones: advantage of land fund. And local ones start to make best use of it and the logistics sector is experiencing a new trend of cooperation: the coop-eration of ones who have experience, financial ability,

By vo Duy

BEING AN UNDERDOG AT HOME MATCHAccording to World Bank, logistics cost in Vietnam accounts for 20-25%GDP, equally USD 35-40bn. How-ever, local enterprises are holding a small part of the market. Vietnam Logistics Association (VLA) revealed there are only 25 multinational logistics corporations operating here but holding 70-80% the market of providing logistics services. 1,200 local enterprises play the role of agencies or sub-contractors only. For example, in import-export activities, 100% shipping fee the largest income- belongs to foreign liners; low value added from minor tasks belongs to local enterprises.

Shipping fee of a 20-feet container from HCMC to New York is USD 2,800; other fees as stevedoring, agency, warehousing, delivery order is around USD65-70/m3. The total of local fees (including fee for docu-ments) are around USD 1,400, a half of shipping fee.

an opportunityfor vietnam

LOCaL tRanSPORt:

Vietnams logistics market has been in its initial phase of development; however, its rate between logistics and GDP is up to 25%. This high rate comes from inadequate infrastructures, weak transport ability, imperfect legal framework, and the lack of cooperation in business activities of enterprises.

view

large network and ones who have advantage of stor-age and workshops.

The strategy of developing transport services to 2020, orientation to 2030 approved by the Prime Minister clearly says, by 2020, local transport market will have been restructured and developed in the direction of reducing road transport, increasing market share and

developing in priority rail road and local waterway transport.

Draft plan of activities to improve connections, abili-ties and efficiency of means of mass transport to reduce tension for road transport by the Ministry of Transport states the same, too. To thrive, local enter-prises should invest in technology, equipment and human resource. Investing in logistics also means not being able to gain immediate profit: investors should be patient enough for enterprises to be stronger, scarify short-term profit for long-term competition abilities.

Logistics keeps attracting enterprises with the growth rate of 25%pa. And it seems that local ones have been trying to develop local logistics, especially when for-eign ones have not been fully involved in Vietnams logistics market.

logistics

hi nhp & pht trin

June 2014 25June 201424

PHT TRIN BN VNGPht trin bn vng (Sustain-able Development) l cm t m chng ta thng c trn cc mt bo. V ngn ng n ch l cm t thng thng, lm giu kin thc cho c gi trong thi i bng n thng tin. Nhng gc khoa hc v kinh t li c ngha to ln bi s gn kt vi Bn vng ha Sustainability, l ln sng th 4 trong nhng cuc Cch mng kinh t din ra 3 th k qua trn a cu: Th nht l cng nghip ha (th k 18 v 19); Th hai l ton cu ha (u th k 20); Th ba l s ha hay cn gi l k thut s (cui th k 20 u th k 21); Th t l bn vng ha hay c th gi l pht trin bn vng, s xy ra t trong na sau ca th k 21 ny. N c k tha, pht trin trn nhng thnh qu v c ch ca cch mng cng nghip ha, tng thm chiu rng ln chiu su bng qu trnh ton cu ha v nng cao hiu qu bng cuc

phC Thun

cch mng s ha t nh cao v khoa hc - cng ngh ca nn kinh t tri thc trong tng lai khng xa.

Nh vy, pht trin bn vng c hiu l mt s pht trin ton din, mang tnh lu di m nhiu quc gia ang hng n, trong ly kinh t tri thc lm nn tng. Cn lu , khi bc vo giai on pht trin bn vng th nn kinh t ca cc quc gia hon thin chuyn dch c cu t nn sn xut kinh t cng nghip sang nn kinh t cng nghip tri thc v dch v (sn phm ca h c ton cu ha).

Hin nay, VN ang giai on cng nghip ha v hin i ha. D kin nm 2020 t nc mi hon thnh v c bn cng nghip ha. Ring lnh vc logistics, bi vit nu mt s gi mang tnh tham kho bn c tin b t duy.

LOGISTICS HNG NPHT TRIN BN VNGLogistics VN ang ngng ca pht trin theo tin trnh ca quc gia vi nn kinh t th gii. iu quan trng cn xc nh y l chng ta ang tt hu so vi cc nc lng ging trong khu vc ASEAN.

Nm 2012, WB xp VN ng th hng 53/155 (LPI) ton cu v th 6 ca ASEAN. Tuy nhin vi hn 1.000 n v sn xut kinh doanh logistics, chng ta mi ch thu nhp 2-4% GDP v cha c DN logistics VN no thc hin trn vn 3PL, sn xut kinh doanh vn cn l thuc vo thin h, kt ni vi th gii rt hn ch, ch yu l lm thu, lm cng cho cc hng tu ln nc ngoi v nhng cng ty logistics a quc gia ngay trn sn nh ch cha ni n th trng quc t. Nn vn t ra l phi rt ngn khong cch vi khu vc v th gii bng s chun b chu

o nhng tin cn thit logistics VN pht trin bn vng.

1, Cng tc chun b mang tnh quyt nh l to c ngun nhn lc t cp nghin cu chnh sch (cc trng i hc, vin nghin cu quc gia), cp hoch nh chin lc (Chnh ph, cc B, Cc, V) cho n ngi thc thi (Lnh o v cn b, cng nhn vin x nghip) c y kin thc v nng lc p ng nhu cu pht trin hin ti v trong tng lai. ng nhin, vic ny s lin quan n quc gia, ton x hi v c chin lc pht trin con ngi trong thi i ngy nay (c NQTW ng th hin).

2, Hiu qu hot ng ca logistics quyt nh phn ln bi kt cu h tng giao thng. Nhng kt cu h tng nc ta va yu v thiu nn khng sc to iu kin cho logistics vn ln. Tuy chng ta p ng phn no trong thi gian qua, nhng vn cn thiu nhiu cho

mt nn logistics hin i. Do , vic ci thin v xy mi kt cu h tng, trong bao gm pht trin cng bin nc su, xy dng bn bi, trung tm logistics, ICD cng nh h thng cu ng, sn bay, h thng cng sng v h thng ng thy ni a tr nn cp thit, ni kt vi h thng giao thng v cc cng bin khu vc v th gii, pht huy tc dng ca a phng thc vn ti th mi thc y logistics VN pht trin nhanh v mnh.

3, R sot li lut l v php quy trong nc lin quan n logistics v container, ci no tr thnh vt cn cho vic thc hin hai lnh vc ny th xin iu chnh, sa i, b sung, thm ch xut ban hnh lut mi, ph hp vi lut php v tp qun quc t hin hnh, nhm lm cho hnh lang php l v logistics thng thong hn, to iu kin thun li cho logistics pht trin theo hng bn vng.

4, M rng quan h hp tc v kinh t, khoa hc - cng ngh vi cc nc trn th gii, vi nhng tp on, cng ty a quc gia ang hot ng logistics VN

tranh th ngun vn u t, lin doanh lin kt vo h tng logistics (nh my sn xut container, trung tm logistics, ICD, kho tng bn bi, khu thng mi t do, nht l mng li, cng ngh v phng tin my mc thng tin hin i).

PHT TRIN LOGISTICSVIT NAM THEO HNGBN VNGLogistics l mt ngnh kinh t - k thut non tr mang tnh tng hp cao c du nhp vo VN trong thi k i mi, m ca hi nhp quc t. ng nhin, khng th trnh khi nhng tn ti, bt cp c nu phn trn. y l nhng tr ngi ln nh hng n tin trnh pht trin chung ca ngnh ny. Nhng yu t quan trng hn c tnh chi phi l tm nhn hn hp ca mt s c quan tm v m, ngi thc hin v mt b phn khng nh x hi ng thi, dn n s chm tr, thiu ng b trong quyt sch chin lc i vi s nghip pht trin logistics VN.

Nu nhng vn nu trn sm c khc phc v tn ti ch quan dn c ha gii trong qu trnh ton cu ha logistics. Chng ta hy vng logistics VN s pht trin bn vng tng xng vi nn kinh t quc dn trn tng trng sau khng hong kinh t ton cu.

X hi hc tp x hi thng tin c nh hnh trong nn kinh t tri thc sau 2050, chng y nhng ngnh sn xut kinh doanh VN s pht trin bn vng, ch khng ni theo hng bn vng nh by gi. T Sustain-ability hay cm t Sustainable Development s l tiu ch logistics tng lai.

PHt tRinLOGiStiCStheo hng

tiu im

intergration & development

June 2014 27June 201426

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Sustainable Development is a phrase normally found on newspapers articles. Not only is it a phrase to enlarge readers knowledge, but it also conveys a large meaning in the view of Science and Economic: it is closely connected to Sustainability, the fourth waves of economic revolutions that have taken place for the last three centuries in the world: (1) industrialization (the 18th and 19th centuries); (2) globalization (at the beginning of the 20th century); (3) digitalization (at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century); (4) sustainable development that will take place in large scale in the second half of the 21st century. Sustainable development inherits from and develops on achievements and mechanisms of in-dustrial revolutions, widens and deepens itself by the process of globalization, and improves its efficiency by digital revolutions to reach the scientific-techno-logical summit of the intellectual economy in the near future. And thus, sustainable development is con-sidered a comprehensive long-term development to which many countries have aimed, with the base of in-tellectual economy. When in the stage of sustainable development, the economies of these countries have already shifted from industrial production economy to

service and intel-lectual economy (their products

have been global-izationized).

Vietnam currently is in the stage of industrializa-

tion and modernization. It is expected that it will have fin-

ished it basic stage of industrial-ization by 2020. Here are some ideas

for you to consider.

LOGISTICS AMING TOSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTVietnam Logistics is in its doorstep of development: we are lagging behind neighbor countries in ASEAN region.

In 2012, Vietnam was globally ranked 53/155 (LIB) and was ranked the 6th of ASEAN countries by WB. With over 1,000 enterprises operating in the logistics sector, the income only accounts for 2-4% of GDP and none of Vietnams enterprises is able to carry out the whole 3PL. The business is still dependent, connection with the outside world is limited, and Vietnams enterprises have mainly worked as hired laborers for large foreign ship liners and multi-national logistics enterprises right in their home market, to say nothing of interna-tional markets. It is a must-do to shorten the distance between Vietnam and other regional and global coun-tries with careful preparations things necessary for sustainable development of the Vietnam logistics.

1. A decisive preparation task is to create human re-sources from the level of policy research (universities, national institutes), the level of strategic planning (the Government, Ministries, Departments, and Offices) to

doers (leaders and staff) with comprehensive knowl-edge and ability that meet the need for temporary and future development. It is certain to be related to the country, the society and strategies to develop human resources in the period (mentioned in Resolu-tions from the Partys)

2. Efficiency of logistics activity is mostly decided by infrastructures. Our weak inadequate infrastructures are unable make the logistics grow. Although there have been some attempts, there are still many things to be done for a modern logistics. It is urgent that deep-water seaports, ware-housing, logistics centers,

ICDs and road and bridge system, airports, river port system, and local waterway system be improved and newly built to connect to regional and global port systems. It is effects from multi-modal transport that en-able to boost Vietnam logistics.

3. Law and regulations relating to logistics and containers should be reexamined to remove, adjust, mod-ified blockage to the fields, and even to issue new law suitable for interna-tional law and practices for a clear logistics legal corridor.

4. Expand co-operation relations on economy, science, and technologies with other countries in the world, with multi-national groups and en-terprises operating in Vietnam for investment capital and investments in logistics infrastructure (factories producing containers, logistics cen-ters, ICDs, warehousing, free-trade

zone, advanced technology and equipment).

DEVELOPING VIETNAM LOGISTICS INTHE ORIENTATION OF SUSTAINABILITYLogistics is a young economic-technological sector brought in Vietnam in the time of reforms and the time of integration. It is unavoidable to deal with is-sues mentioned above - the obstacles that badly af-fect the general development of the sector. However, the more dominating obstacles come from the short-range views of organization of macro levels that lead to the delay and the lack of synchronicity in strategic policies on developing Vietnam logistics.

If these issues can be solved in the process of logis-tics globalization, we do expect that Vietnam logistics will have its sustainable development, perfectly corre-sponding to the bouncing economy after the global crisis.

With social learning and information society formed in the intellectual economy after 2050, Vietnam pro-duction sector will be in its sustainable development, not in orientation of sustainable development as it is today. Sustainability or Sustainable Development will be the future standard for Logistics.

focus

hi nhp & pht trin hi nhp & pht trin

June 2014 June 201428 29

HIN TRNG LOGISTICSTI NG NAITheo nh gi ca i din nhiu DN ang hot ng ti tnh ng Nai, dch v logistics ti y hin tn ti nhiu hn ch nh h thng giao thng qu ti, thiu cc

tnh ng Nai. Theo cng vn s 1140 ca UBND tnh ng Nai v quyt nh quy hoch mng li h thng kho cng ICD trn a bn tnh ng Nai n nm 2020 v nh hng n nm 2030, vi mc tiu hnh thnh v pht trin h thng cng ICD ca tnh nhm tng nng lc thng qua cc cng bin, t chc li h thng vn ti container hp l nhm gim chi ph vn chuyn, thi gian lu hng ti cng bin v m bo an ton hng ha.

NHNG kIN NGHTi Hi tho, i din S K hoch - u t trnh by ni dung quy hoch pht trin logistics ti ng Nai mt cch c th, nh quy hoch li cc ICD ti cc trung tm khu cng nghip, ti cc khu vc khu cng nghip Nhn Trch, Long Thnh, Cm M, Trng Bom, Bin Ha, Long Bnh vi tng cng 17 kho ICD, tng din tch ln ti 2209,05ha. Ngoi ra S Giao thng vn ti a ra bo co c th hot ng ca ngnh giao thng vn ti c bc chuyn bin mnh m trong vic u t m rng h thng giao thng ng b, gim ti cho

cc tuyn quc l chnh v trnh kt xe cc nt giao thng trng im bng cc cu vt, nng cp cng nng ca cc cng bin cng vi cc hot ng tch cc trong logistics l vic thng quan hng ha m ti y Cc Hi quan ng Nai v ang hot ng rt tt.

hon thin hn na dch v logistics trn a bn, ng Trn Vn Vnh cho bit, UBND tnh ng Nai va quyt nh thnh lp Tiu ban dch v vn ti, logistics tnh ng Nai vi nhim v tham mu gip vic cho Ban ch o pht trin dch v tnh, UBND tnh trong cng tc xy dng k hoch, chng trnh pht trin v lnh vc dch v vn ti v logistics.

Cc trng Cc Hi quan ng Nai, ng L Vn Danh cng xut UBND tnh phi hp cng Hip hi Doanh nghip Dch v Logistics Vit Nam (VLA) nghin cu thnh lp Chi hi Logistics ng Nai tp hp, h tr cc DN logistics cng nh i din cc DN c kin ng gp cho tnh trong qu trnh trin khai hot ng logistics.

Ngoi cc nh hng ca cc b ngnh th cc DN tham gia hi tho cng gp phn khng nh trong vic thc y s hon thin logistics trn a bn. ng Xun Quang, Ch tch Hip hi Doanh nghip Dch v Logistics Vit Nam (VLA) cng nu quan im rng vic pht trin dch v logistics trn a bn ng Nai phi kt ni pht trin logistics vi cc vng kinh t trng im pha Nam (c bit Cng ca ng Ci Mp trn sng Th Vi v nhm cng s 5 trong c cc cng TP.HCM) v h thng logistics c nc. ng thi, pht trin dch v logistics trn a bn ng Nai phi c ng b cc yu t nh th ch php lut, c s h tng, DN s dng dch v logistics, DN cung cp dch v logistics v ngun nhn lc logistics.

Nhn chung vic xy dng hot ng logistics ti y, trc mt cc DN ca tnh ng Nai cn lm l phi hp cht ch v ng b vi cc ban ngnh, to thnh mt mt xch thng nht cho s pht trin kinh t chung ca tnh ni ring v t nc ni chung.

logisticsPht trin

ti ng naiHi tho Pht trin dch v logistics trn a bn tnh ng Nai ngy 21.5 c t chc

ti Cc Hi quan ng Nai, th hin quyt tm ca tnh ng Nai trong vic thc hin

mc tiu l tp trung thu ht ngun nhn lc u t pht trin ngnh logistics tng xng

vi tim nng ca tnh.

Hi tho nhn c nhiu kin ng gp ca cc chuyn gia v DN

ng Trn Vn Vnh - Ph Ch tch UBND tnh ng Nai ch tr Hi tho

ng Xun Quang Ch tch Hip hi VLA/AFFA pht biu ti Hi tho

m Duynnh: PH B CNG

trung tm kho bi, ph thuc ln vo ng b, thi gian lm hng di dn n chi ph logistics cao

Theo bo co thng k ca Cc Hi quan ng Nai, n v thc hin nhim v qun l hot ng

XNK trn a bn tnh v c Bnh Thun. Tng kinh ngch XNK lm th tc ti Hi quan ng Nai nm 2013 va qua t 19,4 t USD, chim hn 7,3% tng kim ngch XNK hng ha ca c nc. Nh vy, vi mt pht trin nhanh v rng ln, li l ca ng quan trng trong h thng giao thng hng ha gia cc tnh thnh, tnh trng n tc giao thng ang cn tr rt ln cho hot ng XNK ti y.

Trong Hi tho Pht trin dch v Logistics ti ng Nai din ra vo cui thng 5.2014 va qua, Ph Ch tch UBND tnh ng Nai ng Trn Vn Vnh nhn mnh s cn thit ca hot ng logistics i vi XNK ti a bn. Trong khi hng ha c sn xut v xut khu lin tc, tnh ng Nai ang phi on mnh trong hot ng vn chuyn hng ha. Hn ch ln nht i vi vic pht trin dch v logistics ti y hin nay ngoi kt cu h tng giao thng vn ti v cc vn lin quan nh an ton giao thng, quy nh ti trng cu ng vn c t ra l phi lm sao quy hoch c bn dch v logistics ti

hi nhp & pht trin hi nhp & pht trin

June 2014 June 201430 31

Address: 33 Nguyen Trong Loi Str., Ward 4 , Tan Binh Dist, HCMC, VietnamTel: (84-8) 3844 6773 - 3547 0386 * Fax: (84-8) 3844 6773

Email: vietconnection.hcm@gmail.com Web: www.logisticsvn.com

i l qung co & pht hnh Tp ch Vietnam Logistics Review trn ton quc

Dch v qung co, PR

T vn & t chc s kin

Thit k ha & in n

Thc hin trn gi cc dch v truyn hnh

Advertising and Distributing Agency of Vietnam Logistics Review

Advertising and PR services

Consulting & organizing events

Graphics designing & printing

Package broadcasting services

CNG TY TRUYN THNG KT NI VIT

CNG TY TNHH MTV ICD TN CNG SNG THN 7/20 ng T 743, KP. Bnh ng, P. Bnh Ha, TX. Thun An, Bnh DngTel/Fax: (0650). 3713 483; Email: icdsongthan@saigonnewport.com.vn

Cng ty TNHH Mt thanh vin ICD Tn Cang Song Thn la thanh vin ca Tng Cng ty Tn Cang Sai Gon B Quc Phong, la im thng quan ni a, Cang cn (ICD), nha cung cp dch v Logistics chuyn nghip hang u khu vc pha Nam. Vi cc nganh ngh kinh doanh chnh nh: dch v kho (NQ, N,CFS) va Trung tm phn phi, dch v Bi Container, Bi Kim hoa, vn tai container bng ng b; cc dch v Logistics va cc dch v gi tr gia tng khc (ong goi, dn nhn mc hang hoa).

Vi Tng din tch gn 500.000 m2, bao gm 165.000 m2 kho va 250.000 m2 bi c quy hoch, trang b y trang thit b xp d, phn mm quan l hin i. Khoang cch n cc Cang va cc khu cng nghip gn nn thun li cho hot ng xut nhp, phn phi hang hoa ca khch hang ti ICD Song Thn, tit kim thi gian va chi ph cho Doanh nghip.

Chng ti rt hn hnh c phc v Qu khch hang!

Chc m

ng Ngy Bo

ch Cch mng Vit Nam

hi nhp & pht trin

June 2014 33June 201432

u ti Duy Khanh

Hn 2 thng tri qua, nhiu DN, ngnh hng gp kh khn trong vic vn chuyn. Gi cc vn ti tng, thm ch c loi tng n 100% so vi thi im trc ngy 1.4.2014 khi c nc ra qun kim tra xe qu ti. Nhiu DN XNK hng ha ang than tri khng ch v chi ph tng vt, m cn v thu xe kh khn...

V SAO XE QU TaI?Vn y c 2 dng qu ti. Th nht l cc DN cho xe ch qu ti nhiu ln h gi thnh v cnh tranh thiu lnh mnh vi cc DN khc. iu ny y cc DN vn ti vo cuc ua ph v thit k xe tng ti trng. Th hai l do cc qui nh bt cp ca ngnh GTVT khng tun theo tiu chun quc t, y cc loi xe v cc container tiu chun NK t nc ngoi v vo tnh trng qu ti.

Thc t, cc DN NK nhiu phng

c kh nng chu c ti trng cho php an ton n khong 36 tn (mi trc chu 13 tn, 2 trc chu c 26 tn, cng vi c ko gc ln mm xoay ca xe u ko chu ti thm 10 tn), nhng khi i ng kim, c quan chc nng cho php ti trng tham gia giao thng ca loi thit b ny ch c t 19 tn, 20 tn, 21 tn hoc 24 tn (ty theo nm ng k). Do b h ti trng tham gia giao thng nn gn nh ton b s mi r moc loi 2 trc ni trn c cc DN vn ti s dng chuyn ch hng ha XNK u b x pht v li ch hng qu ti trng thit k, hoc qu ti trng tham gia giao thng, mc d cc li vi phm ny hon ton nm ngoi mong mun v kh nng x l ca cc DN vn ti...

Hin nay c khong 80% s container ng hng XNK c trng lng trung bnh t 25 tn n 30 tn. Nh vy, ton b s container ny s b qu ti v ng kim nu DN s dng loi s mi r moc (SMRM) chuyn dng 2 trc vn chuyn hng ha. Cc DN s b x pht v li qu ti ng kim ni trn xy ra bt c lc no khi b kim tra. Hn na theo tiu chun chung ca cc hng tu bin quc t, th mt container c cha ti a khong 32,48 tn hng, c th vn chuyn i khp cc nc trn th gii, v vy vic hn ch ti trng ng kim SMRM ch gy kh khn cho cc DN vn ti.

Hin nay, trnh qu ti, cc DN XNK phi chn gii php rt bt hng gim ti hoc yu cu nh cung cp xp hng trong container theo ng quy nh ca VN. y cng chnh l gnh nng ln cho DN v phi tng chi ph ng thm container, chi ph rt hng gim ti container. B GTVT cn nghin cu iu chnh cc quy nh hin hnh theo chun mc quc t, lm sao cc phng tin vn ti phi c hot ng ng trng ti thit k bo m quyn li cho DN.

A GI CC V VI GI THCTheo kho st ca chng ti, gi cc vn ti hng ha hin nay

tng 40-100% so vi trc ngy 1.4.2014. Mc tng ty theo xe ch hng qu ti nhiu hay t. Chng hn trc y xe ch hng qu ti 50%, nay gi cc tng 30-40%; cn xe ch lng hng qu ti 70-100%, nay gi cc vn ti tng n 70-80%, thm ch c xe phi tng 100%. B Nguyn Th Hunh Lin - Ph Gim c Cng ty TNHH Bnh Minh Ti - cho bit, cc vn ti thp trong khi cc yu t to nn gi thnh vn ti cao hn cc nc nhng DN vn ti vn hot ng c l do ch qu ti. So snh d dng thy rng, gi t VN cao hn ca cc nc v khu vc v p thu cao. So vi Lo, Campuchia th gi xe VN t gn gp i. Bn cnh ,

ph bo tr ng b v ph qua trm thu ph cao hn cc nc. Thi Lan ton b tuyn ng, tr ng cao tc, th khng thu ph. Cn ng cao tc cng thu ph thp. ng cao tc Thi Lan h thu ba mc ph theo s lp xe: xe bn lp thu 30 baht, bng 21.000 ng, xe 6-10 lp thu 50 baht, bng 35.000 ng, cc loi xe trn 10 lp thu 70 baht, bng 49.000 ng. Cn ng cao tc VN nh Cu Gi - Ninh Bnh di 50km th thu xe bn lp (xe con) l 70.000 ng, hn gp ba ln. V vy, khi trin khai cn xe ng lot trong nhng ngy qua xut hin tnh trng xe n trm hoc chy nhng tng gi cc khi ch ng ti.

THcH THc Di luT ngy 1.4.2014, thc hin ngh ca B GTVT, ng lot cc tnh, thnh trin khai cn xe bng cc trm cn lu ng.

SiT xe

vn ti ng b

Cn xc lp li gi cc vn ti

Thu tng Chinh phu a ban hanh cng in s 95/C-TTg ngay 10.1.2013 va cng in s 1966/C-TTg ngay 19.11.2013 gi B GTVT va UBND cac tinh yu chn chinh tinh trang phng tin vn tai ng b vi pham ch qua tai va kim soat tai trong xe trn ng b. thc hin cac cng in noi trn, B GTVT ly nm 2014 lam Nm An toan giao thng vi chu sit cht quan l hoat ng vn tai va kim soat tai trong phng tin.

Ti cho rng xa hi ng thun vi chu trng cua Chinh phu v vic tng cng kim tra tai trong xe giam dn va tin ti chm dt tinh trang xe ch hang qua tai la hoan toan ng n nhm bao v li ich chung cua toan xa hi. DN vn tai hoat ng kinh doanh chn chinh cng mong mun Chinh phu, B GTVT quyt lit chi ao thc hin trit , giai quyt bng c vn nan xe ch hang qua tai gip cac DN vn tai xac lp lai c th trng gia cc vn tai. Hin nay, vi xe ch hang qua tai nn DN kinh doanh trong tinh trang thng xuyn phai i pho, lo s vi rui ro v phap l rt cao, gia cc vn tai thi mo mo, khng phan anh ng gia tr thc cua th trng, chi phi tiu cc thi ngay cang gia tng.

Kin nghi mt s giai phap:

1. Vic trin khai kim tra tai trong xe phai ng b, lin tuc va lu dai.2. Cn b sung thm i tng chu trach nhim lin quan n hanh vi vi pham cho xe ch hang qua tai ra vao n v minh co trach nhim quan l va cn tp trung kim tra tai trong xe tai cac im xut phat hang hoa.

3. ngh b sung hinh phat tin t 6.000.000 ng n 9.000.000 ng i vi DN chu hang, DN xp hang, DN kinh doanh ha tng khu cng nghip, khu kinh t, khu ch xut, kho tang, bn cang cho xe qua tai ra vao n v minh co trach nhim quan l.

4. Kin ngh tng tai trong tham gia giao thng i vi s mi r mooc san xut trong nc va s mi r mooc nhp khu co tai trong thit k cua nha san xut ln hn tai trong tham gia giao thng c ghi nhn trong s kim nh hin hanh.

LS. Thai Vn Chung - Gim c Hng Lut Nguyn Gip

tin vn ti v s mi r moc theo tiu chun quc t v VN. Tuy nhin, khi DN vn ti u t v a phng tin i ng k th b c quan cng an v c quan ng kim ly l do kt cu h tng giao thng nc ta cha ng b, nn phng tin b h ti trng tham gia giao thng xung khong 20-30% so vi ti trng thit k ca nh sn xut nc ngoi (k c s mi r moc sn xut trong nc sau ny). H qu ca nhng quy nh gy rt nhiu kh khn cho cc DN vn ti, nht l cc DN kinh doanh vn ti hng ha bng container.

V d: theo h s thit k ca nh NK, hoc nh sn xut trong nc th thit b s mi r moc loi 2 trc

June 201434

Ch trng ca Chnh ph, B GTVT v tng cng vic kim tra ti trng xe l hon ton ng n, trong bi cnh vn nn xe qu ti ang din ra ph bin khp ni, xe ch qu ti l tc nhn chnh dn n tnh trng th trng gi cc vn ti hng ha ti VN ang b mo m, bin dng. Bn thn tt c cc DN kinh doanh vn ti hng ha chn chnh u thc s mong mun Chnh ph, B GTVT gii quyt, chm dt c vn nn xe ch hng qu ti, lp li trt t xe phi ch hng ng ti. iu ny s gip cc DN vn ti hng ha tr li hot ng ng vi bn cht ca ngnh: hng n vic cc DN cnh tranh nhau bng uy tn, thng hiu v cht lng dch v, tng bc chm dt tnh trng ginh git mi hng ca nhau bng

cch gim gi cc vn ti xung di gi thnh ri cho xe ch hng qu ti trng b p cc chi ph tiu cc.

Phng n kim sot trng ti qua trm cn nh hin nay khng phi bin php lu di v tt. V lu di cc nc h vn dng nhng trm cn ng, t n di mt ng, bt k xe no chy qua cng nhanh chng xc nh c ti trng. Nhc im ca phng php cn ng ny l sai s ca n kh ln, v mi xe di chuyn vi vn tc khc nhau, c ng nng khc nhau, c th gy ra xung kch ln mt ng, cho nn c th sai s cn ln. Nhng trm cn ng ny c t hu ht trn cc tuyn ng trc quan trng. Khi pht hin ra mt xe no c du hiu

vn ti ng b

Tel: (+84 64) 366 3310Fax: (+84 64) 366 3311Email: info@anhoaresidence.comWebsite: www.anhoaresidence.com

Road 44 Long Hai, Ba Ria - Vung Tau

KHU BIT TH CAO CP

AN HOA - RESIDENCELuxury Beach Villas

Add: 299F17, Nguyen Thi inh Street, Song Giong Resident,An Phu Ward, District 2, HoChiMinh City, Viet nam.

Tel: (+84) 08 54028141 Fax: (+84) 08 54028143Email: hmc@haiminhlogistics.com

Website: www.haiminhlogistics.com

HAI MINH

HAI MINH LOGISTICS CO., LTD WE ARE PROFESSIONAL IN TERMS OF: Air freight Sea freight Inland trucking Customs broker Obtain a certificate of origin (C/O) Obtain import and export permit to all kinds of cargo

vt ti trng thng qua cn ng, th h mi dng xe ri chuyn vo trm cn c nh, trm cn tnh xc nh ng ti trng xe. Lc y, mi kim sot c hu ht ti trng trn ng. Vic xc nh ti trng xe nn t ng ha cng nhiu cng tt, cng t c yu t con ngi s hn ch c tiu cc pht sinh.

C th ni lu nay ch hng v ngi tiu dng hng li t cc vn ti r do ch qu ti. Gi ch ng ti, cc s tng, ch hng lo tng thm chi ph, ngi dn lo gi sn phm tng. Nu lm tt cu chuyn kim sot ti trng, gii quyt c lun cu chuyn chung chi trn ng, th thc cht cu chuyn gi cc s gim dn, khng b i ln cao.

chui cung ng

37June 2014

nguy cVN Ti biN

cA

MI E DA TkHa NNG THANH TONTheo cc nh phn tch ti chnh, nhu cu vn ti vn ch, cc khon n cn thanh ton ngy cng chng cht v s thay i trit ca th trng ton cu khin cho ngnh cng nghip vn ti bin phi chao o.

Theo mt nghin cu mi ca Cng ty T vn kinh doanh AlixPartners, nhiu cng ty a quc gia ln phi i mt vi nhiu kh khn v thm ch c th ph sn.

Theo ng Esben Christensen, Gim c Cng ty AlixPartners, nhiu cng ty vn ti bin ang b thu hp bi s ra i ca cc lin minh trong ngnh, v c kh nng l bi s pht trin ca cc nh vn ti hng khng trong tng lai.

Mt nghin cu cho bit, tnh hnh kinh t ton cu hin vn cha c du hiu tng trng tr li t sau cuc khng hong ti chnh th gii nm 2008-2009, ch c iu nn kinh t hu suy thoi c phn khc so vi qu kh, cng th hin mnh m nguy c mt kh nng thanh ton t cc DN.

Nghin cu ny cng lu rng, nng lc cc i tu th gii trong ngnh cng nghip vn ti bin tng ln mnh m trong c thp k qua, in hnh l con s tng 16,9 triu TEU t thng

9.2012-9.2013. C kh nng phi mt mt khong thi gian kh lu mi c th s dng ht nng sut cc i tu, v kt qu l ra i nhiu lin minh hn trong ngnh cng nghip ny. Bn cnh , iu ny c th dn n vic d tha nng lc tu, v mi ngi phi i mt vi nhng la chn kh khn trong tng lai.

Trn ht, nghin cu ny cng ch ra rng vic thay i cc cu trc s l thch thc cho nhiu

n nhiu ch hng v cc nh u t trong ngnh.

NGUY C T VIC THAY I CC TUYN THNG MIVic cc tu ln t cc tuyn ng - Ty dn sang cc tuyn Bc - Nam khng c g l, nhng tc v sc nh hng ca chng ln th trng Bc - Nam ngy cng gy s ch .

Theo ng Neil Dekker, ngi ng u b phn nghin cu ca Drewry, vo cui thng 7, hn 100 tu t 7.000-10.000TEU trn tuyn - u s phi c a n ni khc cho n nm 2016 khi chng c thay bng nhng tu ln hn.

Trn th trng ng Bc - Australia, kch c tu tng 8% vi mc trung bnh 4.365 TEU trong vng 12 thng, k t qu III.2012 n qu III.2013, v vn ang trn tip tc tng. n qu IV.2013, kch c tu trung bnh t 4.650 TEU, v n thng 1 nm ny, kch c trung bnh l 4.900 TEU.

T gc nhn ca cc hng tu, th trng ang phn ng li vi nhng du hiu ny khng c tch cc cho lm. Gi cc ti ch t Thng Hi n Melbourne

NHNg

theo gim 38% t thng 11 nm ngoi cho n thng 3 nm nay. l mt mc cc thm hi vi 1.560 USD/FEU, theo Container Freight Rate Insight ca Drewry. Gi cc gia chu v Australia/chu i Dng theo ch s Container Trade Statistics cho th trng ny gim khong 10% v 9% trong thng 1 v thng 2 nm nay. Theo Alphaliner, Zim ri th trng ny sau gn 20 nm.

ng Drewry cho bit, gi cc cng ngy cng bt n, dao ng n 50% trong qu I, v dng nh vic qun l sc ti khng c thc hin nhiu iu chnh iu ny. Khng c du hiu cc hng tu b hoc hy chuyn kim sot sc ti. T l s dng tu trn chiu i hng nam t chu n Australia gim t 81,3% trong thng 1 xung ch cn 52,9% trong thng 2, cng lc vi sn lng container gim mnh trong k ngh Tt. D t l s dng tu cho thng 3 vn cha c cng b, gi cc ti ch trong thng cho thy n s cn gim thm hoc bt k s gia tng no cng khng c th hin trong gi cc.

Nhng th trng khc cng c du hiu tng t. Gi cc t

chu n Brazil gim mnh t hn 1.900 USD/TEU trong thng 1.2013 xung cn 500-600 USD/TEU trong thng 10.2013, khi sc ti trn tuyn chu - Brazil tng vt 17,9% t thng 1 n thng 7. Sn lng hng ha khng theo kp sc ti, ch tng 4,1% tnh theo nm. V th, cc hng tu tnh chung l khong 152 triu USD trong na u nm 2013.

Tu dn vo lc tng trng trn cc tuyn thng mi Bc - Nam ang chm dn li. Nhu cu vn chuyn container trn cc tuyn Bc - Nam tnh chung tng 4,9% trong nm 2013 v d bo s tng 5,7% trong nm 2014. Tng trng t 10,3% trong nm 2011 v 3,1% trong nm 2012.

phc hi th trng chu - Australia, cc hng tu ang n lc y gi cc thng qua mt lot cc khon tng cc chung, tng t nh cc chin lc c s dng trn tuyn chnh -u, ni cc khon tng cc c a ra thng xuyn v ri dn mt i cho n khi khon tng k tip c p dng.

MSC, Hapag-Lloyd v Hamburg Sd gn y thng bo cc khon tng cc chung trn chng i hng nam chu - Australia vi khomg 500 USD/TEU v 1.000 USD/FEU, c p dng t 15.5. MSC p dng mt khon tng cc chung vo ngy 1.4 nhng chng c my tc dng. Cc hng tu thnh vin thuc Nhm tha thun chu - Australia cng d kin mt khon tng cc 550 USD/TEU v 1.100 USD/FEU i vi cc chuyn hng i t Nht Bn, Hn Quc, Trung Quc, Hng Kng v i Loan n Australia, p dng t 17.5.

Khi minh

Tc ng ca cam kt WTo trong vn ti binWTO commitments' impact on sea freight transportation

Tariff mi ca cng bin Vit NamNew tariff of Vietnam's ports

chuicungng

Mt kh nng thanh ton, thay i cc tuyn thng mi khin tu dn vo mt khu vc lm mt cn bng trn th trng ang l nhng mi e da trong ngnh vn ti bin.

DN trong nm nay, bao gm vic thay i cc tuyn thng mi mt s ni trn th gii, vi chi ph ngy cng gia tng.

Theo b Lisa Donahue, Gim c iu hnh AlixPartners cho bit, ngnh cng nghip vn ti container ang phi i mt vi nhiu thch thc gay gt, v bn thn nhiu DN trong ngnh s phi c gng gii quyt n. Nhng thch thc ny cng , ang, v s tip tc nh hng

chui cung ng chui cung ng

38 39June 2014 June 2014

Ngy 8.5.2013, VN l quc gia thnh vin th 40 tham gia ph chun trc khi Cng c c hiu lc, th hin s ng thun rt ln ca cng ng hng hi VN v Cng c chnh thc c hiu lc i vi VN k t ngy 08.5.2014.

CNG C MLC 2006 L G? Cng c MLC 2006 c ILO hnh thnh trn c s tp hp 68 cng c v khuyn ngh v lao ng hng hi c ILO thng qua t nm 1919 v hp nht thnh mt Cng c nhm mc ch quy nh quyn v li ch ca thuyn vin, nng cao an ton hng hi v cht lng vn ti bin quc t. Cng c MLC 2006 tr thnh cng c th t trong h thng cc cng c hng hi chnh m VN l thnh vin, bao gm Cng c quc t v An ton sinh mng con ngi trn bin 1974 (SOLAS 74); Cng c quc t v Phng nga nhim do tu gy ra nm 1973, c sa i bi Ngh nh th 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) v bo v mi trng bin; Cng c quc t v Tiu chun hun luyn, cp chng ch v trc ca cho thuyn vin nm 1978 v cc vn bn sa i, b sung (STCW 78)...

Theo nh gi ca cc chuyn gia hng hi, vic VN gia nhp Cng c MLC 2006, cch y 1 nm l c s quan trng nng cao cht lng ngun nhn lc hng hi, trong c nhn lc logistics, gp phn thc hin c hiu qu Chin lc Bin VN.

Ni v ni dung chnh ca Cng c MLC 2006, ng Trnh Th Cng, Trng phng Vn ti, Cc Hng hi VN cho bit, Cng c quy nh quyn, nguyn tc c bn trong vn lao ng hng hi, cc quyn ca thuyn vin, ngha v ca ch tu v trch nhim ca quc gia trong vic thc hin Cng c vi 5 ni dung: V yu cu ti thiu i vi thuyn vin lm vic trn tu bin; V iu kin

lao ng; V ch , khu vc gii tr, thc phm v cung ng thc phm; V bo v sc khe, chm sc y t, phc li v an sinh x hi; V vic tun th v thc thi cc iu khon ca Cng c.

kHI LNG CNG VIC S chun b trin khai thc hin khi Cng c chnh thc c hiu lc i vi VN, vic ni lut ha cc quy nh ca Cng c vo php lut trong nc l vic lm rt cn thit. Qu trnh r sot vn bn quy phm php lut, gia Cng c MLC 2006 vi php lut VN cn c rt nhiu ni dung ca Cng c m php lut VN cha quy nh hoc quy nh cha ph hp hoc cn nm ri rc nhiu vn bn khc nhau.

V giy chng nhn sc khe ca thuyn vin: chng ta cha c quy nh v thi hn ca ni dung chng nhn v kh nng phn bit mu sc ca thuyn vin; v quyn c khm li sc khe khi thuyn vin b t chi cp giy chng nhn sc khe hoc b gii hn v kh nng lm vic c bit lin quan n thi gian, cng vic c lm hoc vng hot ng ca tu.

V t chc dch v vic lm cho thuyn vin: php lut VN quy nh t chc dch v vic lm c quyn thu ph gii thiu vic lm, Cng c MLC 2006 quy nh thuyn vin khng phi tr trc tip hoc gin tip mt phn hoc ton b cc loi ph dch v hoc chi ph i vi vic tuyn dng, cung ng, gii thiu vic lm.

V hp ng lao ng thuyn vin: php lut VN cha c quy nh v mu hp ng lao ng thuyn vin; quy nh v thi hn thng bo ti thiu khi n phng chm dt hp ng cn c s khc

nhau gia Cng c v B lut Lao ng;...

V ngh php hng nm ca thuyn vin: Cng c quy nh quyn ngh php hng nm ca thuyn vin c tnh trn c s ti thiu 2,5 ngy cho mi thng lm vic. B lut Lao ng 2012 quy nh thi gian ngh hng nm l 12 ngy lm vic i vi ngi lm cng vic trong iu kin bnh thng, 14 ngy lm vic i vi ngi lm cng vic nng nhc, c hi, nguy him v 16 ngy lm vic i vi ngi lm cng vic c bit nng nhc, c hi, nguy him.

tc gii quyt khiu ni ca thuyn vin trn tu, trn b;

S C MT S NGH NHCA CHNH PH a MLC 2006 vo cuc sng, u nm nay, ngy 8.01/2014 B trng B GTVT inh La Thng k Quyt nh s 59/Q-BGTVT v vic thnh lp Ban Son tho v T Bin tp xy dng Ngh nh v Lao ng hng hi.

Lao ng hng hi (thuyn vin) l mt trong nhng ngnh ngh c th v c tnh cht nguy him cao. Ngoi vic tun th cc quy nh chung v lao ng theo php lut lao ng, lao ng hng hi cn phi c nhng quy nh ring ph hp vi ngnh ngh chuyn mn.

Vic xy dng Ngh nh v Lao ng hng hi quy nh chi tit v hp ng lao ng, ch hi hng, ch lm vic v ngh ngi v cc ch khc i vi thuyn vin l rt cn thit v ph hp vi xu th chung ca th gii, p ng c yu cu ca Cng c MLC 2006 m VN l thnh vin v yu cu thc tin hot ng hng hi hin nay, ng Trnh Th Cng khng nh.

Ngh nh ny quy nh v iu kin lao ng, sinh hot ca thuyn vin trn tu bin VN; quyn, ngha v, trch nhim ca ch tu, thuyn vin, t chc dch v vic lm cho thuyn vin, c s o to, c s khm bnh, cha bnh thuyn vin, cc c quan qun l nh nc v lao ng hng hi v cc t chc, c nhn c lin quan khc.

Vic ban hnh Ngh nh ny l cn thit, bi Cng c chnh thc c hiu lc i vi VN k t ngy 8.5.2014.

Cng c Lao ng Hng hi nm 2006 (Cng c MLC 2006) c T chc Lao ng quc t (ILO) thng qua ngy 23.2.2006 v c hiu lc k t ngy 20.8.2013.

ng C hnh

V hi hng ca thuyn vin: php lut VN cha c quy nh c th v vic hi hng ca thuyn vin khi b ch tu b ri nc ngoi v cc ch khc cho thuyn vin khi tu b bt gi nc ngoi.

Php lut VN cha c quy nh v tiu chun ti thiu v ch , khu vc sinh hot, khu vc gii tr ca thuyn vin; tiu chun v sinh an ton thc phm, nc ung v nh lng ba n ca thuyn vin; o to, cp chng ch cho u bp, cp dng trn tu; th

chui cung ng chui cung ng

40 41June 2014 June 2014

cHui cuNg Ng

QUaN TR RI RO CHUI CUNG NG NHN T THC TRNGNhn t ngun lc DN: gii quyt c yu t ngun lc, i hi DN phi c nhng nh qun l, nhng nhn vin nng ng. Ty tng loi mt hng m DN s ch trng vo nhng khu then cht. Vic qun l c chui cung ng khng phi l s tch ri qun l tng khu m phi bit tch hp chng trong mt h thng t nh cung cp n nh sn xut, nh kho, n cc trung tm phn phi, cc c s bn l nhm cng cp hng ha ng s lng, v tr, thi im. Khch hng bao gi cng yu cu gi c thp nht nhng li yu cu dch v tt nht, do DN phi c kh nng kt ni nhu cu vi vic cung cp thng tin cho khch hng. iu ny phn nh tc phn ng trong chui cung ng. Mc pht trin ca DN ph thuc vo kh nng x l tt v p ng cc yu cu ca khch hng. Hin ti ngun lc ca VN cn thiu v yu. Mc d c nhn cng r dn n gi c dch

ph thuc vo vic m bo c 2 tnh nng minh bch v ring t. C m bo c hai tnh nng ny mi chim c s tin tng v hi lng ca khch hng.

D dng nhn thy vic cnh tranh kinh doanh trong th k 21 khng cn l vic cnh tranh gia cc DN m l cuc cnh tranh gia cc chui cung ng. qun l tt c mt mng li nh vy, t khu thit k tng, th nghim, sau n tm ngun cung ng, thc hin sn xut, kim sot, gim st cho n khi kt thc qu trnh, cung cp sn phm cho khch hng u phi tun th nhng tiu chun v quy nh ring.

Lin h vi tnh hnh thc t trong nc, hin nay, theo Hip hi Doanh nghip Dch v Logistics VN (VLA) c khong 1.200 DN ang hot ng trong lnh vc chui cung ng, c th hn l lnh vc XNK v con s ny vn ang tng ln. Cc DN ny ch yu ng vai tr l cc i l nhn gom hng v

cp vn n nh. Cng i mt vi tnh hnh kh khn chung trn th trng th gii, tuy nhin, do DN thnh lp sau so vi cc DN nc ngoi nn kinh nghim khc phc c nhng ri ro VN cn cn phi c gng rt nhiu.

Nhn t hiu sut hot ng DN:Trong bi cnh cnh tranh ngy cng gay gt , cc DN hot ng trong lnh vc chui cung ng rt ch trng n hiu sut hot ng ca DN bi n phn

gim st nhm t c cc mc tiu ca DN. Ngoi ra, n cn gip DN xc nh c u l yu t gy mt cn bng, yu t no tc ng nhiu nht n hiu sut tng th, t tp trung vo cc hot ng c li nht v xut ra c chin lc gim thiu ri ro. Th cn bng thng c s dng trong vic gi v nhn hng ha, qun l hng tn kho, chi ph v thi gian giao hng.

Mi DN c cch thc hot ng

ni c hng lot cc yu t ri ro v chnh tr, kinh t, php lut, an ninh,... i hi cc DN phi ln chin lc c th gim thiu chng.

Trc ht, DN phi phn chia tng loi ri ro sau ln cc k hoch khi phc chng bng cch s dng cc h thng cng ngh cao nh gi ri ro, ln k hoch d phng ti ch tng mc : kho xng, nh my, cng ty, tr s khu vc, hoc tm cc nh cung cp d phng. Theo nhiu DN, cc kh khn nh hng n qu trnh hot ng l chi ph nng lng tng cao, giao thng tc nghn, c s h tng cha ng b, cn nhiu hn ch v vn bo mt khng an ton. khc phc, DN cn phi duy tr mt h thng c s thng tin tt theo di tnh hnh bn trong v bn ngoi DN, t x l cc kh khn mt cch nhanh chng v kp thi.

Mng li gia cc khu ti VN cn cha cht ch, tch ri dn n vic khng thng nht, ng b trong cc quy trnh hot ng, c bit l cc th tc hnh chnh cn rm r, tn nhiu thi gian v chi ph. Trong khi , vai tr v nh hng ca Nh nc trong lnh vc ny cn cha r nt, cha c mt hip hi gia cc DN cung ng XNK. Ngoi ra, h tng c s vt cht ti nc ta cn ngho nn, quy m nh v b tr cha hp l. H thng c s thng tin ti VN cha p ng c nhu cu ca khch hng nn hiu sut hot ng trong ngnh cha cao, cc d bo v k hoch cha phn nh v gii quyt c nhng ri ro c th gp phi nn mc d tim nng chui cung ng v XNK VN l rt ln nhng chng ta vn cha tn dng c trit c hi ny.

Ths. phm vn Kim

(K 2)

iu quhtheo hng tip cn qun tr ri ro

Ngun lc, mng li quan h v vic qun l vn hnh hiu qu l ba nhn t then cht trong vic qun tr ri ro chui cung ng m bt c nh qun tr no cng cn phi nm bt.

v r nhng do cc nh qun l ti VN thng ch c nhng kinh nghim t c kt, kin thc v lut php, ti chnh, chuyn ngnh qun l cn hn ch. Chnh nhng nhn t gy ra lng ph trong ti chnh v hot ng sn xut cng nh to ra cc sai phm trong hp ng.

Nhn t mng li quan h: Do c nhiu knh cng bn sn phm nn mi knh, mi giai on li c mt qu trnh ring v mi nh qun l li c cch s dng mng li ca mnh khc nhau ty theo mc ch v chc nng ca mi nh cung cp. Trc kia, t mng li ch n thun c hiu l h thng thng tin in t, nhng thc ra ngha bao hm ca n cn rng hn rt nhiu. l h thng cc mi quan h c trn lnh vc thng mi v x hi trong DN gia nh cung cp, khch hng, c ng, nhn vin, cc t chc ti chnh v c cng ng ni chung. Nh vy vic qun l chui cung ng t hiu qu hay khng

khc nhau nhng u hng n mc tiu v s hi lng ca khch hng v cht lng dch v v s hi lng ca c ng v tnh hnh ti chnh. Do , cc s liu nh gi hiu sut c c bit ch trng, c tp hp theo nh k hng tun, hng thng, hng qu, DN c th theo di tnh hnh mt cch cht ch v chnh xc. Xc nh v thc hin tt c ba yu t ngun lc, mng li quan h v hiu sut cp trn, DN c th d dng qun tr c ri ro ca mnh.

Tnh hnh th trng hin nay, c bit l th trng cc nc mi

nh ci ct li, s sng cn ca DN. nh gi c hiu sut, DN phi tin hnh cc khu nh: nh gi, theo di, o lng v kim sot cc hot ng sn xut, ti chnh cng nh cc bin ng trn th trng nh li sut, u t, cc mng th trng, v mt s s liu khc. Lm tt cc khu trn, DN s s dng c ti u cc ngun ti nguyn quan trng, em n s hi lng cho khch hng, c ng v cc cng nhn vin cng nh nng cao cht lng sn phm. Thng thng, cc DN s dng h s cn bng l mt h thng qun l gip DN thit lp, thc hin,

chui cung ng chui cung ng

42 43June 2014 June 2014

cam ktWTo

Ths. L Th Thanh ngn

t nc ngoi c cung cp dch v vn ti bin (hng hi) ti VN di cc hnh thc hin din sau vi cc iu kin nht nh:

- Trng hp cung cp dch v vn chuyn hnh khch v hng ha:

Nh u t nc ngoi ch c thnh lp DN lin doanh vi i tc VN vn hnh (khai thc) i tu treo c VN vi cc iu kin sau: c thnh lp sau ngy 11.1.2009; Phn vn gp ca pha nc ngoi khng vt qu 49% vn php nh ca lin doanh; Thuyn vin nc ngoi c php lm vic trn cc tu bin treo c VN (hoc c ng k VN) thuc s hu ca cc DN lin doanh ti VN nhng tng s khng vt qu 1/3 nh bin ca tu. Thuyn trng hoc thuyn ph th nht phi l cng dn VN.

- Trng hp cung cp dch v lin quan n vn ti bin quc t (tc l cc dch v tch hp lin quan n hng ha m DN nc ngoi m trch khu vn ti bin). Cc cng ty vn ti bin nc ngoi c th hin din ti VN di cc hnh thc sau v iu kin hot

ng sau:

+ Thnh lp lin doanh vi i tc VN ngay sau ngy 11.1.2007 vi iu kin t l vn gp ca pha nc ngoi khng qu 51% vn iu l ca lin doanh;

Tuy nhin, s lng lin doanh do cc cng ty vn ti bin nc ngoi c php thnh lp ti thi im gia nhp khng vt qu 5. Sau , c hai nm mt s cho php thm 3 lin doanh. Sau 5 nm k t khi gia nhp, s khng hn ch s lng lin doanh.

+ Thnh lp DN 100% vn nc ngoi k t ngy 11.1.2012.

Mc cam kt ny ca VN c nh gi l kh cao so vi cc nc thnh vin ca WTO. V d, Trung Quc ch cam kt cho php cc DN nc ngoi thnh lp cc cng ty lin doanh vn hnh i tu mang c Trung Quc vi t l vn gp khng c vt qu 49% v ch tch hi ng qun tr v tng gim c ca cng ty lin doanh s c ch nh bi pha Trung Quc. i vi vic vn hnh i tu mang c quc gia, VN cng

cam kt cho php cc DN nc ngoi c thnh lp cng ty lin doanh vi t l vn gp khng vt qu 49% nhng VN khng quy nh ngi iu hnh DN (ch tch hi ng qun tr v tng gim c). VN ch hn ch s lng thuyn vin nc ngoi lm vic trn cc tu bin treo c VN (hoc ng k VN) l khng qu 1/3 s lng thuyn vin ca tu v quy nh thuyn trng hoc thuyn ph th nht l ngi c quc tch VN. Vic khng quy nh nhng v tr cao nht trong cng ty lin doanh to iu kin cho DN trong v ngoi nc ch ng m phn v tha thun nhng v tr lnh o trong DN. Nu nh Trung Quc khng cam kt v vic hin din thng mi vic cung cp cc dch v vn ti bin quc th VN cho php cc hnh thc hin din thng mi cung cp cc dch v vn ti bin quc t nh thnh lp cc cng ty lin doanh (vi hn ch t l gp trong 5-7 nm u k t khi gia nhp) hay c thnh lp cc cng ty 100% vn nc ngoi sau 5-7 nm gia nhp ty vo dch v cung ng. Vic la chn mc cam kt mc th 3 (trn 4 mc cam kt m ca) cho thy rng, VN gn nh m ca hon ton th trng vn ti bin.

- Nhn chung, t 11.1.2014, 7 nm sau khi gia nhp WTO, nhng ro cn cui cng c d b gn nh hon ton, gip cc DN nc ngoi tham gia hu ht cc hot ng vn ti bin ti VN.

NHNG TC NG TCH CCSau 7 nm k t khi gia nhp, VN thc hin tt nhng cam kt ca mnh vi WTO, m ca th trng theo ng cam kt vi i tc, cc thay i v iu chnh u tri qua qu trnh thng lng

gia cc bn. Cam kt ca VN v vn ti bin c nhng tc ng tch cc ng k n tnh hnh kinh doanh vn ti bin VN ni chung v cc DN VN kinh doanh dch v vn ti bin ni ring. C th l:

- Cc DN vn ti bin VN c c hi hp tc vi cc DN nc ngoi, tip cn c vi ngun vn v tin b khoa hc th gii.

Cam kt ca VN trong WTO v dch v vn ti bin cho php cc DN nc ngoi thnh lp cc cng ty lin doanh vi cc cng ty VN. y l c hi i vi DN VN c th tranh th ngun vn t cc tp on ln nhm u t vo cc lnh vc vn ti bin yu cu ngun vn ln. Tp on Gemadept ca VN l mt v d. Nm 2007, Gemadept lin doanh vi Tp on Hng hi Hyundai ca Hn Quc thnh lp Cng ty TNHH Hyundai Merchant Marine VN vi t l vn gp ca Gemadept l 49% sau 14 nm lm i l cho tp on hng hi ny. Vo nm 2010, Gemalink - mt lin doanh gia Tp on Gemadept (VN) v Tp on CMA-CGM (Php) t chc l k kt xy dng h tng cng nc su Gemalink-Ci Mp gia Cng ty Gemalink v Lin danh Dealim-SAMWHA (Hn Quc). Cng nc su Gemalink c cng sut l 1,2 triu TEU/nm vi tng vn u t trong giai on 1 l 300 triu USD. Ngoi ra, c th k n Cng ty TNHH Cng Quc t Ci Mp (CMIT), lin doanh gia Tng cng ty Hng hi VN, Cng Si Gn v APM Terminals - nh khai thc cng container hng u th gii ca an Mch. Cng CMIT l cng container nc su ti khu vc Ci Mp, huyn Tn Thnh, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu vi din tch 48ha.

Vic lin kt hp tc vi DN nc

ngoi cn gip cc DN trong nc tip cn vi cc ngun khoa hc cng ngh hin i trn th gii, c hi c hc hi kinh nghip qun l nng cao nng sut v hiu qu hot ng. Cc cng ngh tin tin trong lnh vc vn ti bin nh h thng trao i d liu in t EDI, h thng qun l container CMS phn mm ng dng qun l iu hnh v khai thc cng container TOPX khng cn qu l lm vi cc DN vn ti bin VN. Mi y, cng ngh nh v bng sng Radio RFID (Ra-dio Frequency Identification) c Cng ty SplendID Technology a vo VN vo nm 2010 v c mt s DN vn ti bin v cng bin p dng trong qun l kho bi. Ti cc kho hng, cc chip RFID c gn trn thng cc-tng, v kin hng nhm t ng ha cc thao tc nhp, xut hng th cng v a ra kt qu tc thi v thng tin ca dng hng nhp, xut trong kho.

- Cc DN vn ti VN cn c c hi ngun nhn lc c o to ti cc tp on nc ngoi. Cc DN ch ng lin doanh, lin kt o to ngun nhn lc theo chun quc t. Cc cng ty trong lnh vc vn ti hp tc vi cc tp on ln trong lnh vc o to ngun nhn lc cho ngnh hng hi VN a cn b i bi dng nghip v cc nc c ngnh hng hi pht trin nh H Lan, Anh, Nht, Php, c ti cc tp on vn ti bin v logistics ln nh NORAD ca Na Uy, STC/IMTA, NUFFIC ca H Lan, PSA ca Singapore, C th thy, vic m ca th trng vn ti bin gip DNVN c nhiu c hi hn trong hp tc quc t, tip cn c vi ngun vn ln t nc ngoi, xc tin hp tc v khoa hc k thut v nhn lc.

CAM kT CA VN TRONG LNHVC VN TaI BIN kH CAOSO VI CC NCTHNH VIN CA WTOVN chnh thc gia nhp WTO vo ngy 11.1.2007. y l mt bc tin quan trng trong qu trnh hi nhp kinh t th gii ca VN. tr thnh thnh vin ca WTO, VN cam kt m ca nhiu lnh vc kinh t, trong c lnh vc vn ti bin. Ni dung cam kt ca VN v lnh vc vn ti bin c nh gi kh cao so vi cc nc gia nhp WTO trc y. C th:

- i vi dch v vn ti bin: cam kt m ca i vi cc dch v vn ti hnh khch v vn ti hng ha, tr vn ti ni a (vn ti ven b);

- i vi dch v h tr cc phng thc vn ti: cam kt m ca cc dch v xp d container, dch v thng quan (mi gii hi quan), dch v kho bi container (lu kho container trong khu vc cng hay tron