Unit 3: Biology Date:____________________

2.1 Plant and Animal Cells

Cell Theory

• States that:

– All ______________ are made up of one or more cells

– The cell is the ________ unit of life

– All cells come from _____________ they do not come from non-living matter

Cells are Alive!

• All cells have to perform the same basic activities to stay alive

• use ___________

• store ______________

• bring materials __________ from environment

• get rid of ____________

• ______________________ to where they are needed

• ________________

There are 2 major types of cells:

-___________ - ___________

Organelles:

• Cells have specialized parts (________________) that carry out specific functions

• they all ___________________

Unit 3: Biology Date:____________________

Organelle Description PictureLysosome • Contain ___________ that can break down

molecules• They are like a __________________ for the

cell

Cytoplasm • _____________ (water-based) solution inside the cell

• Organelles are ________________ in here

Cell Membrane

• A thin, _________________ film that separates the ______________ of the cell from the _____________ environment

• Supports the cell and __________________ in and out of the cell (‘semi permeable’)

Nucleus • “________________”- directs all cell’s activities

• Contains the cell’s _______ (genetic information) in _______________

Mitochondria • ____________________ for the cell via _________________________

• Have an inner and outer_________________

• Cells that require lots of ___________ (ex. muscle cells) will have more mitochondria

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• System of __________ and canals around the _____________

______________ materials (ex. proteins and lipids through cell

Ribosomes • tiny, spherical balls that __________________________

• Located in the cytoplasm but also attached to the rough ER

Unit 3: Biology Date:____________________

Golgi Apparatus

• Several tubes- looks like a _____________________________

• _______________ to be removed from cell• Secretes __________________

Vesicle • Membrane-covered sacs that ___________________ materials in the cell.

• Also help waste __________ the cell

Vacuoles • ________________________ filled with a watery solution

• Much ___________ in ___________ cells• Pressure against cell membrane push it

firmly against the cell wall- _______________

Cell Wall • ____________ cells only• Tough, rigid layer that surround cell- made

of ______________• Provides ___________ and ____________

Chloroplasts • Contains all the chemicals (____________) for _________________

• Have an inner and outer membrane• Looks like a stack of___________

Animal vs. Plant

ANIMAL PLANT

Cell Diffusion for Growth

Unit 3: Biology Date:____________________

• materials must pass through the ______________ to get in and out of the cell

• Diffusion: Chemicals move from an area of ____________________to __________________

Why Diffusion?

• How chemicals ____________from organelle to organelle

• How ___________ gets delivered to your____________.

• How __________ cells ________________ to each other

Osmosis

• _____________ of water across the ____________________ membrane dues to concentration differences

• water moves ________________ the most concentrated, _______________ the most dilute