Unit 3: Biology Date:____________________
2.1 Plant and Animal Cells
Cell Theory
• States that:
– All ______________ are made up of one or more cells
– The cell is the ________ unit of life
– All cells come from _____________ they do not come from non-living matter
Cells are Alive!
• All cells have to perform the same basic activities to stay alive
• use ___________
• store ______________
• bring materials __________ from environment
• get rid of ____________
• ______________________ to where they are needed
• ________________
There are 2 major types of cells:
-___________ - ___________
Organelles:
• Cells have specialized parts (________________) that carry out specific functions
• they all ___________________
Unit 3: Biology Date:____________________
Organelle Description PictureLysosome • Contain ___________ that can break down
molecules• They are like a __________________ for the
cell
Cytoplasm • _____________ (water-based) solution inside the cell
• Organelles are ________________ in here
Cell Membrane
• A thin, _________________ film that separates the ______________ of the cell from the _____________ environment
• Supports the cell and __________________ in and out of the cell (‘semi permeable’)
Nucleus • “________________”- directs all cell’s activities
• Contains the cell’s _______ (genetic information) in _______________
Mitochondria • ____________________ for the cell via _________________________
• Have an inner and outer_________________
• Cells that require lots of ___________ (ex. muscle cells) will have more mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
• System of __________ and canals around the _____________
______________ materials (ex. proteins and lipids through cell
Ribosomes • tiny, spherical balls that __________________________
• Located in the cytoplasm but also attached to the rough ER
Unit 3: Biology Date:____________________
Golgi Apparatus
• Several tubes- looks like a _____________________________
• _______________ to be removed from cell• Secretes __________________
Vesicle • Membrane-covered sacs that ___________________ materials in the cell.
• Also help waste __________ the cell
Vacuoles • ________________________ filled with a watery solution
• Much ___________ in ___________ cells• Pressure against cell membrane push it
firmly against the cell wall- _______________
Cell Wall • ____________ cells only• Tough, rigid layer that surround cell- made
of ______________• Provides ___________ and ____________
Chloroplasts • Contains all the chemicals (____________) for _________________
• Have an inner and outer membrane• Looks like a stack of___________
Animal vs. Plant
ANIMAL PLANT
Cell Diffusion for Growth
Unit 3: Biology Date:____________________
• materials must pass through the ______________ to get in and out of the cell
• Diffusion: Chemicals move from an area of ____________________to __________________
Why Diffusion?
• How chemicals ____________from organelle to organelle
• How ___________ gets delivered to your____________.
• How __________ cells ________________ to each other
Osmosis
• _____________ of water across the ____________________ membrane dues to concentration differences
• water moves ________________ the most concentrated, _______________ the most dilute