faculty.ist.psu.edu · Web viewThe purpose of this unit is to introduce the SAP R/3 System by explaining its benefits, application modules, and architecture. Unit Topics This unit

SAP R/3 System Overview

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2.2. SAP R/3 System: SAP R/3 System: OverviewOverview

Unit Purpose

The purpose of this unit is to introduce the SAP R/3 System by explaining its benefits, application modules, and architecture.

?SAP AG SAP20 SAP R/3 Overview (Internation 2-1


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Unit 2 - Topics

SAP R/3 System OverviewSAP R/3 system benefits

SAP R/3 application modules

SAP R/3 Basis system

Unit Topics

This unit consists of the following main topics:

SAP R/3 System Benefits

SAP R/3 Application Modules

SAP R/3 Basis System



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Introduction

Worldwide usage

Open system

Interactiveprocessing

Integration

Designed for all types of business

R/3R/3Client / ServerClient / Server

ABAP/4ABAP/4

FIFIFinancialFinancial

AccountingAccounting

COCOControllingControlling

AMAMAssetAssetMgmt..Mgmt..

PSPSProjectProjectSystemSystem

WFWFWorkflowWorkflow

ISISIndustryIndustry

SolutionsSolutions

MMMMMaterialsMaterials

Mgmt.Mgmt.

HRHRHumanHuman

Ressources.Ressources.

SDSDSalesSales

PPPPProductionProductionPlanningPlanning

QMQMQualityQualityMgmt.Mgmt.

PMPMPlantPlant

MaintenanceMaintenance

Introduction

Benefits

Integration

Flexibility

Designed for all types of business

Worldwide usage

Interactive processing

Open system

Application Modules

Financial Accounting (FI)

Controlling (CO)

Asset Management (AM)

Project System (PS)

Workflow (WF)

Industry Solutions (IS)

Human Resources (HR)

Plant Maintenance (PM)



Quality Management (QM)

Production Planning (PP)

Materials Management (MM)

Sales and Distribution (SD)

Basis System

Client/server architecture

Application architecture

System communication



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SAP R/3 System - Benefits

Integration

Integrated processes, data andorganizational elements

Application integration

Technical integration

Benefits

Integration

Integrated processes, data, and organizational elements

• Operational, financial, and managerial principles are satisfied simultaneously

• Common database

Application integration

• One point of data entry

• Consistency for the user across applications

Technical integration

• On-line, interactive edit and update

• Elimination of redundant data

• Data integrity



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Designed for all types of businessBusiness processes

Order processing

Productdevelopment

CustomerService

Financial Reporting

Personnel Devel-opment

MarketingSales

Pro-duction

Service FinancialAccounting

Functions

Benefits

Designed for all types of business, the SAP R/3 System:

Provides a complete business solution across all business functions for strategic and operational control of the organization.

Addresses critical business processes.

Provides an enterprise-wide solution:

• One system supports global business and accounting practices.

• Standardized business processes across the organization, yet tailoring by individual business units is allowed.

• Supports multiple organizational structures per business process to accommodate differences between business units.



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Worldwide Usage

Europe PacificAmerica

U.S.A.

Mexico

Argentina

Brazil

Canada

* = Through Partners

Belgium

Denmark

Germany

France

Greece*

Italy

Netherlands

Austria

Hungary*

Czech.Republic

U.K.

Portugal

Russia

Sweden

Switzerland

Slovak.Republic

Spain

Poland

Norway

Afrika/ Mittle East

Australia

Japan

Hong Kong

China

Indien*

Indonesia*

Korea*

Singapor

Malaysia

New- zealand

Thailand

Philippines

Mittle East*

Israel*

Turkey*

South Africa*

Benefits

Worldwide usage

Comprehensive multi-currency translation

Multiple language support

Customized reporting and document generation for individual countries

Local support in most major industrialized countries

Country-specific functionality

• Government reporting

• Accounting

• Taxation



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Interactive Processing

Benefits

Interactive Processing

Business transactions are processed as Logical Units of Work (LUW).

The database is managed by SAP to preserve data consistency and observe business requirements and is updated asynchronously.

The SAP system interactively processes multiple users’ input as it provides changes to the database simultaneously.



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Open System

Benefits

Open System

Portability: SAP R/3 System promotes its portability by the use of POSIX and X/Open standards - industry standards for interfacing allowing the interoperability of applications, data, and the user interfaces. This makes the R/3 System portable, i.e., it can run with different operating systems, databases and networks.

Industry Standards: SAP R/3 System utilizes Open System Industry standards such as TCP/IP, EDI, OLE, and Open Interfaces.

• TCP/IP: Network communications protocol

• EDI (Electronic Data Interchange): Mechanism for the exchange of business data between systems

• OLE (Object Linking and Embedding): Integrates PC applications with the R/3 system

• Open Interfaces: Interfaces to specialized applications such as Computer Aided Design (CAD), Optical Archiving and barcoding devices.



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ABAP/4ABAP/4




AMAMAssetAssetMgmt.Mgmt.




SolutionsSolutions


Mgmt.Mgmt.

HRHRHumanHuman

ResourcesResources

SDSDSalesSales



PMPMPlantPlant


Application Modules

The SAP R/3 System consists of application modules that support all of a company’s business transactions and are integrated in real time.

Because of the integration, a change in one application module will result in an automatic update of the data in the other application modules involved.

All application modules have a common architecture and user interface (i.e., the same “look and feel” and navigation).

Application Modules

Financials

• Financial Accounting (FI)

• Controlling (CO)

• Asset Management (AM)

• Project System (PS)

Common Systems

• Workflow (WF)

• Industry Solutions (IS)

Human Resources

• Human Resources (HR)

Logistics



• Plant Maintenance (PM)

• Quality Management (QM)

• Production Planning (PP)

• Materials Management (MM)

• Sales and Distribution (SD)



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The FI application module is designed forautomated management and externalreporting of general ledger, accountsreceivable, accounts payable, and othersub-ledger accounts with a user-definedchart of accounts.


FIFIApplication Modules: Financial Accounting (FI)

Application Module

Financial Accounting (FI)

The FI application module is designed for automated management and external reporting of general ledger, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other sub-ledger accounts with a user-defined chart of accounts.

Key elements of the FI application module include:

• General ledger

• Accounts payable

• Accounts receivable

• Treasury

• Special Purpose Ledger (FI-SL)

• Legal Consolidation

• Accounting Information System



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COCO

The CO application module representsthe company's flow of costs andrevenue.

Application module: Controlling (CO)

Application Module

Controlling (CO)

The CO application module represents the company’s flow of cost and revenue.

Key elements of the CO application module include:

• Cost center accounting

• Job order accounting

• Project accounting

• Product costing analysis

• Profitability analysis

• Profit center accounting

• Activity based costing

• Enterprise controlling



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AMAM

The AM application is designed tomanage and supervise individualaspects of fixed assets.

Application Module: Asset Management (AM)

Application Module

Asset Management (AM)

The AM application is designed to manage and supervise individual aspects of fixed assets.

Key elements of the AM application module include:

• Technical asset management and plant maintenance

- Maintenance

- Repair

• Investment control

- Sale of assets

• Traditional asset accounting

- Asset replacement

- Depreciation

• Investment management



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PSPS

The PS application module is designedto support the planning, control andmonitoring of long-term, highly complexprojects with defined goals.

Application Module: Project System (PS)

Application Module

Project System (PS)

The PS application module supports the planning, control, and monitoring of long-term, highly complex projects with defined goals.

Key elements of the PS application module include:

• Funds and resource management

• Quality control

• Time management

• Project Management Information System



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WFWF

The WF application module links theintegrated SAP R/3 application moduleswith cross-application technologies,tools, and services.

Application Module: Workflow (WF)

Application Module

Workflow (WF)

The WF application module links the integrated SAP R/3 application modules with cross-application technologies, tools, and services.

WF is a support tool for all modules.

WF automates the business process according to predefined procedures and rules.

• As events occur that trigger a process, the Workflow manager initiates a Workflow item.

• Using the process logic, data and documents are incorporated at each step.

• Using the processing rules, the Workflow Manager routes the item to the appropriate role (location, person, unit, etc.).

WF can be automatically triggered by data or exceptions.



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ISIS

The industry solutions combine the SAPR/3 application modules and additionalindustry-specific functionality.

Application module: Industry solution (IS)

Application Module

Industry Solutions (IS)

IS combines the SAP R/3 application modules and additional industry-specific functionality.

IS is a result of the efforts of the Industry Centers of Expertise (ICOE), which include the following:

• Consumer Packaged Goods

• Utilities & Telecommunications

• Healthcare

• Process Industries (chemical and pharmaceutical)

• Oil and Gas

• High Tech & Electronics

• Automotive



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HRHR

The HR application module supports therecording and evaluation of allpersonnel data.

Application module: Human Resources (HR)

Application Module

Human Resources (HR)

The HR application module is a complete integrated system for the planning and control of personnel activities across applications.

Key elements of the HR application module include:

• Personnel administration and payroll accounting

- Payroll - USA and international

- Time management

- Travel expense accounting

- Benefits

- Recruitment

- Personnel administration

• Personnel planning and development

- Workforce planning

- Training administration

- Organization management

- Personnel planning

• Human Resources Information System



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PMPM

The PM application module supports theplanning, processing, and completion ofplant maintenance tasks.

Application Module: Plant Maintenance (PM)

Application Module

Plant Maintenance (PM)

The PM application module supports the planning, processing, and completion of plant maintenance tasks.

• Helps you keep track of maintenance costs and resources.

• Provides information to facilitate decision-making about plant maintenance concerns.

Key elements of the PM application module are:

• Processing of unplanned tasks

• Service management

• Maintenance notification by date or counters

• Maintenance planning

• Maintenance bills of material

• Plant Maintenance Information System (PMIS)



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QMQM

The QM application module is a qualitycontrol and information systemsupporting quality planning, inspection,and control for manufacturing andprocurement.

Application Module: Quality Management (QM)

Application Module

Quality Management (QM)

The QM application module is a quality control and information system supporting quality planning, inspection, and control for manufacturing, costing, and procurement.

Key elements of the QM application module are:

• Quality inspection

• Quality planning

• Quality Management Information System (QMIS)



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PPPP

The PP application module is used toplan and control the manufacturingactivities of a company.

Application module: Production Planning (PP)

Application Module

Production Planning (PP)

The PP application module is used to plan and control the manufacturing activities of a company.

Key elements of the PP application module include:

• Bills of Material (BOM)

• Routings

• Work centers

• Sales and Operations Planning (SOP)

• Master Production Scheduling (MPS)

• Material Requirements Planning (MRP)

• Shop floor control (SFC)

• Production orders

• Product costing, activity-based costing

• Repetitive manufacturing

• Kanban

• Production planning for process industries



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MMMM

The MM application module supports theprocurement and inventory functionsoccurring in day-to-day businessoperations.

Application module: Materials Management (MM)

Application Module

Materials Management (MM)

The MM application module supports the procurement and inventory functions occurring in day-to-day business operations.

Key elements of the MM application module include:

• Material procurement (purchasing)

• Inventory management

• Reorder point processing

• Invoice verification

• Material valuation

• Vendor evaluation

• External services management

• Purchasing Information System (PurchIS) and Inventory Controlling Information System



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SDSD

The SD application module helps tooptimize all the tasks and activitiescarried out in sales, delivery and billing.

Application Module: Sales (SD)

Application Module

Sales and Distribution (SD)

The SD application module supports all the tasks and activities carried out in sales, delivery, and billing.

Key elements of the SD application module include:

• Pre-sales support

• Inquiry processing

• Quotation processing

• Sales order processing

• Delivery processing

• Billing

• Sales Information System



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ABAP/4ABAP/4




AMAMAssetAssetMgmt.Mgmt.




SolutionsSolutions


Mgmt.Mgmt.

HRHRHumanHuman

ResourcesResources

SDSDSalesSales



PMPMPlantPlant


Basis System

The central SAP R/3 Basis System guarantees all application modules are integrated and platform-independent

Descriptions of the Basis System include:

• Client/server architecture

• Application architecture

• System communication



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Client/Server(Three-Tier)

DistributedPresentation

Client/Server(Multi-Layer,Cooperative))

Presentation Application DatabaseCentral System

(Laptop)

Client/Server(Two-Tier))

Basis System

Client/server Architecture

The SAP R/3 architecture is based on a three-tier client/server principle.

• Presentation

• Application

• Database

Dedicated servers linked by communication networks can be used to perform certain tasks without sacrificing integration of data and processes within the system as a whole.



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Windows 3.11, Windows 95, Windows NT, OSF/Motif, OS/2-Warp, Macintosh

ABAP/4, C, C+ +

DialogSAP-GUI

Languages

Windows 3.11, Windows 95, Windows NT,

OS/2-Warp

ADABAS DDB2 for AIX

INFORMIX-OnLine 7ORACLE 7.1

ADABAS DMS SQL Server 6.0

ORACLE 7.1DB2/400

AIXDigital UNIX

HP-UX

SINIXSOLARS Windows NT OS/400

Hardware AT&TBull/Zenith

Compaq

SequentSNI. . .

DataGeneral

HP (Intel)IBM (Intel)

BullDigital

HP

IBMSNISUN

UNIX SystemsIBM

AS/400

Operatingsystems

Databases

Basis System

Application Architecture

With the SAP R/3 Basis System, applications can run on different hardware and system platforms with higher performance, and can be adapted to users’ specific requirements.



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What is meant by "Integration"?SAP R/3 System Communication

RemoteFunction

Call (RFC)

ApplicationLink Enabling

(ALE)

Electronic DataInterchange

(EDI)

Object Linkingand Embedding

(OLE)

Interfaces

Common ProgramInterface -

Communications(CPI-C)

SDMM

PP

QAPM

HR

FICO

AM

PSWF

IS

R/3R/3

Basis System

System Communication

The SAP R/3 System meets current and future processing requirements by providing the seamless integration of software and technology and the ability to use communication tools that will not require a total reinvestment and redesign effort.

These tools include:

• Remote Function Calls (RFC) and Common Program Interface -Communications (CPI-C) facilitate the communications and processing of applications and programs between R/3, R/2, and other systems.

• Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) provides an electronic means for business partners to communicate and transact business using standard protocols.

• Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) facilitates the integration of various PC products thus providing enhanced processing capabilities in the SAP R/3 environment.

• Application Link Enabling (ALE) provides distributed processing autonomy and integration of loosely coupled applications between R/3, R/2, and other systems.



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Discussion


Documents

faculty.ist.psu.edu · Web viewThe purpose of this unit is to introduce the SAP R/3 System by explaining its benefits, application modules, and architecture. Unit Topics This unit