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Violence in the Workplace
Keeping the workplace safe
Section I
Introduction
2
Introduction
• Workplace violence:– Affects 1 out of 4 American workers yearly– Claims more lives each year than AIDS and
drunk driving combined– Costs industry over $4 billion a year
3
Introduction
• Workplace violence– Homicide– Insubordination– Threats and verbal
intimidation– Harassment– Sexual assaults and rape
4
Introduction
• Workplace violence:– Stalkings– Theft– Fights, beatings & stabbings– Vandalism and arson– Taking hostages
5
Definitions
• Abusive behavior
• Assault
• Battery
• Injury
6
Definitions
• Larceny
• Mental harm
• Robbery
• Situational crime prevention
7
Definitions
• Target-hardening
• Threat
• Violent act
• Workplace
8
Section II
Employers and Employees
9
Management commitment
• Create a policy
• Take incidents seriously
• Outline plan for
maintaining security
10
Management commitment
• Assign authority
• Provide resources
• Accountability
• Appropriate actions
11
Management commitment
• Reporting procedures
• Encourage suggestions
• No punishment or discrimination for those who report or suffer violence
12
Management commitment
• Provide medical and psychological counseling
• Work with other parties
13
Employee involvement
• Sources of information
• Experience
• Problem solving
• Support
14
Employee involvement
• Surveys and suggestions
• Security analysis
• Report incidents
15
Employee involvement
• Security inspections • Evaluation of prevention measures• Training• Continuing education• Share on-the-job
experiences
16
Employee involvement
• Employer and employee cooperation– One-on-one– Team approach– Limitations
17
Section III
Worksite Analysis
18
Worksite analysis
• Risk factors:– Contact with public – Exchange of money – Deliveries – Mobile workplace– Working in high risk
settings
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Worksite analysis
• Risks include: – Working alone – Working late night or early morning – High-crime areas– Guarding valuables– Working in community-based settings
20
Worksite analysis
• Multiple risk factors• Third parties responsible for work-related
homicides• Robbery primary motive• Reducing robberies should reduce
homicides
21
Worksite analysis
• Sexual assault– Greater than risk of homicide for women– Not robbery related– Tend to occur at night– Females working alone
22
Worksite analysis
• Robbers– Not choose targets randomly– Want easy access or escape– Want low risk of detection– Want lone workers– Look for lack of police or guards– Commit robbery late at night
23
Worksite analysis
• Steps include – Review records and past
experiences – Worksite inspection
and analysis – Periodic audits
24
Worksite analysis
• Records and past experiences – Robberies? – Assaults? – Other crime?– Threats or harassment?
25
Worksite analysis
• Records and past experiences: – Serious injuries? – Weapons?– Operations targeted?– Time of day?
26
Worksite analysis
• Records and past experiences – Number of employees on duty? – Tasks performed? – Preventive measures?– Victim’s actions?– Police involvement?
27
Worksite analysis
• Inspection and analysis – Walkthrough – Incident analysis – Identify trends – Identify risk factors – Evaluate existing security
28
Worksite analysis
• Periodic safety audit: – Review hazards – Evaluate effectiveness – Address changes
29
Section IV
Hazard Prevention
30
Hazard prevention
• Controls: – Engineering – Administrative – Work practice
31
Hazard prevention
• Combination of controls for robbery-related violence– Increase risk to
perpetrator– Security cameras– Time-release safes– No easy escape routes– Business closed late
at night
32
Hazard prevention
• Engineering controls– Improve visibility– Adequate lighting– Fences– Drop safes
33
Hazard prevention
• Engineering controls – Video surveillance – Height markers – Door detectors – Controlled access
34
Hazard prevention
• Engineering controls – Alarm systems – Metal detectors – Barriers
35
Hazard prevention
• Engineering controls – "Safe rooms" – Secure bathrooms – Vehicle maintenance
36
Hazard prevention
• Administrative and work practice controls – Daily procedures – Minimal cash – Emergency procedures – Police liaison
37
Hazard prevention
• Administrative and work practice controls – Communication – Barriers – Staffing – "Buddy system" – Lock doors
38
Hazard prevention
• Administrative and work practice controls – Walk & work outside safely– Closing & opening procedures– Limit non-employee access– Request police assistance
39
Hazard prevention
• Post-incident: – Medical care – Report to police – Notification authorities – Inform management
40
Hazard prevention
• Post-incident: – Secure premises – Incident report – Treatment & counseling
41
Section V
Training
42
Training
• Job hazards
• Policy
• Risks
• Behaviors recognition
43
Training
• Diversity
• Work procedures
• Security measures
44
Training
• Incident response
• Emergency action
• Reporting and recordkeeping
• Follow-up care
45
Section VI
Evaluation
46
Evaluation
• Evaluation process – Review safety audits – Review post-incident reports – Examine meeting reports
47
Evaluation
• Evaluation process – Analyze trends – Employee consultations – New strategies
48
Evaluation
• Records – Injury and illness – Incident reports – Hazard analyses
49
Evaluation
• Records– Recommendations– Actions taken – Meeting notes – Training records
50
Section VII
Summary
51
Summary of main points
• Defined workplace violence terms• Employer and employee roles• Worksite analysis• Engineering and workplace controls• Training• Evaluation
52
Questions?
53