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2010 Inaugural Visscher Symposium
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122 Years Ago …
The Department of Physiology was founded in 1888, the same year as the Medical School at the University of Minnesota. Millard and Jackson Hall had yet to be built, electricity had just started a few years prior, and no one had heard of antibiotics or x-rays yet. The “germ theory of disease” was only two decades old.
Test your
Physiologist knowledge! 1. His early discovery of “doubly labeled water” to measure
total body metabolism went largely unnoticed for years – name him.
2. This physiologist is credited with coming up with the BMI – the Body Mass Index, a statistical tool growing in popularity (along with national waistlines) for measuring height-weight ratios.
3. Name the physiologist and his life-saving drug that were overnighted on a Northwest airlines jet in 1967 to save Dwight D. Eisenhower’s life.
4. Known as “Father Time,” this physiologist coined the term “circadian rhythm” – who is he?
5. Name the physiologist and prominent citizen/activist who said the following, at the end of his career:
“. . . first of all, pay attention to your scientific creativity
and productivity. But also remember that you live in a society
as I have in which there are many acute problems in which your
scientific expertise may help society solve its problems and,
perhaps not less important, in which the ethic of truthfulness,
which is at the heart of the scientific method, may be infused
into societal decisions.”
A Brief History of the Department of
IInntteeggrraattiivvee BBiioollooggyy &&
Millard Hall
Jackson Hall
Man
yim
ages courtesy of th
e Un
iversity of Min
nesota A
rchives; oth
ers courtesy of th
e dep
artmen
t
PPhhyyssiioollooggyy
Received Ph.D. from U of M, Department of Physiology in
1925, did postdoctoral work at University College, London
with E. H. Starling
Held faculty position at U of Tennessee and was department
head at USC and U of Chicago before returning to the
U of M as Head of the Department of Physiology
Had an exemplary career as a researcher, teacher,
administrator and humanitarian
Published over 280 papers and books with over 150
collaborators; including studies on cardiovascular,
pulmonary, gastrointestinal and renal physiology
Believed his two most important scientific accomplishments
were (a) the demonstration that heart muscle becomes less
efficient as it fails and cardiotonic drugs generally restored
its efficiency, and (b) pioneering work using isotopes to
define and measure the absorption of electrolytes by the
small intestine
Most notable collaboration at the U of M was with Dr. Owen
H. Wangensteen, Head of the Department of Surgery: they
conducted a regular physiology-surgery conference
acquainting residents and graduate students with current
research and experimental techniques, and trained many
surgeons in Physiology Department laboratories
During his tenure as department head, collaborations
between the departments of Physiology, Surgery, Medicine
and Pediatrics made the U of M one of the top medical
research institutions in the country
Elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1956; also a
member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and
American Philosophical Society; was president of the
American Physiological society, secretary-general of the
International Union of Physiological Sciences, and vice-
president of the American Heart Association
Named U of M Regents Professor in 1967
Elias P. Lyon, M.D., Ph.D. Simultaneously made both Department Head of Physiology, as well as
Dean of the Medical School
Helped establish the teaching fellowship at the Medical School, making
graduate study attractive and economically feasible for smart but
underprivileged students from Minnesota and all over the country.
Conducted two highly regarded regular seminars: one, a lunchtime
interdepartmental literature seminar for graduate students and staff,
and the second on medical and biological science history, held at his
own home in the evening, attended primarily by graduate students
Awarded three honorary doctorates: an M.D. in 1910, a J.D. in 1920 by
St. Louis University, and D.Sc. by the University of Southern California in 1930
Officially appointed the first professor of
physiology and Department Head
A former Minneapolis Commissioner of Health,
Beard was not a formally-trained physiologist;
his interests lay more in planning and
organizational work than in scientific research
As yet there was no biochemistry department,
nor pharmacology, although these subjects
together with physiology became part of a
“three-legged stool” that comprised the
education in the basic medical sciences
Notable Former Faculty:
Frederick H. Scott Joseph T. King Allan Hemingway Ancel Keys Frederick Kottke Nathan Lifson Ernest B. Brown Franz Halberg Carlo Terzuolo
Marvin Bacaner John A. Johnson Victor Lorber William Kubicek Carlos Martinez Ernst Gellhorn Mead Cavert James Bloedel
* Interim Department Heads: Richard E. Poppele (1986-1988), Joseph Di Salvo (1998-2002), O. Douglas Wangensteen (2002-2008)
Eugene Grim, Ph.D. Received his Ph.D. from the Department of Physiology in
1950, working with Karl Sollner
Member of Physiology Department faculty from 1951 to 1988
Stressed the importance of a strong quantitative background
in physics, chemistry and math
Studied water and solute transport in the intestine and across
artificial membranes; pioneered the use of microspheres to
measure regional blood flow
Served as Gastrointestinal Section editor for the American Journal of Physiology and Journal of Applied Physiology
Robert F. Miller, M.D. Investigator in the area of retinal physiology and
pharmacology who came to the Physiology Department
from Washington University, St. Louis
Received Proctor Medal Award from Association for
Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO’s highest
award)
Expanded and enhanced neuroscience research, teaching
and training at U of M
Joseph M. Metzger, Ph.D. Previously, was Professor and Associate Chair of Molecular and
Integrative Physiology, and Director of the Center for Integrative
Genomics at the University of Michigan Medical School
Associate Editor of Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics and past member
of the NIH Cardiovascular Study Section
Research interests include cardiac genetic engineering and integrative
genomics
Currently holds Maurice B. Visscher Endowed Chair in Physiology
at U of M
Maurice B. Visscher, M.D., Ph.D. Richard O. Beard, M.D.
122 Years Ago …
The Department of Physiology was founded in 1888, the same year as the Medical School at the University of Minnesota. Millard and Jackson Hall had yet to be built, electricity had just started a few years prior, and no one had heard of antibiotics or x-rays yet. The “germ theory of disease” was only two decades old.
Test your
Physiologist knowledge! 1. His early discovery of “doubly labeled water” to measure
total body metabolism went largely unnoticed for years – name him.
2. This physiologist is credited with coming up with the BMI – the Body Mass Index, a statistical tool growing in popularity (along with national waistlines) for measuring height-weight ratios.
3. Name the physiologist and his life-saving drug that were overnighted on a Northwest airlines jet in 1967 to save Dwight D. Eisenhower’s life.
4. Known as “Father Time,” this physiologist coined the term “circadian rhythm” – who is he?
5. Name the physiologist and prominent citizen/activist who said the following, at the end of his career:
“. . . first of all, pay attention to your scientific creativity
and productivity. But also remember that you live in a society
as I have in which there are many acute problems in which your
scientific expertise may help society solve its problems and,
perhaps not less important, in which the ethic of truthfulness,
which is at the heart of the scientific method, may be infused
into societal decisions.”
A Brief History of the Department of
IInntteeggrraattiivvee BBiioollooggyy &&
Millard Hall
Jackson Hall
Man
yim
ages courtesy of th
e Un
iversity of Min
nesota A
rchives; oth
ers courtesy of th
e dep
artmen
t
PPhhyyssiioollooggyy
122 Years Ago …
The Department of Physiology was founded in 1888, the same year as the Medical School at the University of Minnesota. Millard and Jackson Hall had yet to be built, electricity had just started a few years prior, and no one had heard of antibiotics or x-rays yet. The “germ theory of disease” was only two decades old.
Test your
Physiologist knowledge! 1. His early discovery of “doubly labeled water” to measure
total body metabolism went largely unnoticed for years – name him.
2. This physiologist is credited with coming up with the BMI – the Body Mass Index, a statistical tool growing in popularity (along with national waistlines) for measuring height-weight ratios.
3. Name the physiologist and his life-saving drug that were overnighted on a Northwest airlines jet in 1967 to save Dwight D. Eisenhower’s life.
4. Known as “Father Time,” this physiologist coined the term “circadian rhythm” – who is he?
5. Name the physiologist and prominent citizen/activist who said the following, at the end of his career:
“. . . first of all, pay attention to your scientific creativity
and productivity. But also remember that you live in a society
as I have in which there are many acute problems in which your
scientific expertise may help society solve its problems and,
perhaps not less important, in which the ethic of truthfulness,
which is at the heart of the scientific method, may be infused
into societal decisions.”
A Brief History of the Department of
IInntteeggrraattiivvee BBiioollooggyy &&
Millard Hall
Jackson Hall M
any
images cou
rtesy of the U
niversity of M
inn
esota Arch
ives; others cou
rtesy of the d
epartm
ent
PPhhyyssiioollooggyy
122 Years Ago …
The Department of Physiology was founded in 1888, the same year as the Medical School at the University of Minnesota. Millard and Jackson Hall had yet to be built, electricity had just started a few years prior, and no one had heard of antibiotics or x-rays yet. The “germ theory of disease” was only two decades old.
Test your
Physiologist knowledge! 1. His early discovery of “doubly labeled water” to measure
total body metabolism went largely unnoticed for years – name him.
2. This physiologist is credited with coming up with the BMI – the Body Mass Index, a statistical tool growing in popularity (along with national waistlines) for measuring height-weight ratios.
3. Name the physiologist and his life-saving drug that were overnighted on a Northwest airlines jet in 1967 to save Dwight D. Eisenhower’s life.
4. Known as “Father Time,” this physiologist coined the term “circadian rhythm” – who is he?
5. Name the physiologist and prominent citizen/activist who said the following, at the end of his career:
“. . . first of all, pay attention to your scientific creativity
and productivity. But also remember that you live in a society
as I have in which there are many acute problems in which your
scientific expertise may help society solve its problems and,
perhaps not less important, in which the ethic of truthfulness,
which is at the heart of the scientific method, may be infused
into societal decisions.”
A Brief History of the Department of
IInntteeggrraattiivvee BBiioollooggyy &&
Millard Hall
Jackson Hall M
any
imag
es c
ourt
esy
of t
he
Un
iver
sity
of
Min
nes
ota
Arc
hiv
es; ot
her
s co
urt
esy
of t
he
dep
artm
ent
PPhhyyssiioollooggyy